CN102816020B - Special fertilizer for watermelon base fertilizer as well as preparation method of special fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a special fertilizer for a watermelon base fertilizer. The special fertilizer is prepared by the following raw materials by weight: 10-20 parts of oil tea cakes, 5-6 parts of coated urea, 20-25 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18-22 parts of coated potassium chloride, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 0.2-0.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 10-12 parts of attapulgite, 5-7 parts of plant ashes, 3-4 parts of neem bark powders, 3-4 parts of bone powders, 10-15 parts of bagasse, 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-22 parts of municipal sludge, 3-4 parts of carboxymethylcellulose, 15-20 parts of 30% of sulfuric acid, 5-10 parts of limes, 10-15 parts of animal hairs and 4-6 parts of liquid paraffin. A preparation method for the special fertilizer comprises the steps as follows: carrying out acidolysis on the hairs to obtain amino acid; generating an amino acid chelated micro or medium fertilizer solution; sintering the potassium feldspar to prepare a fertilizer carrier; fermenting by an organic fertilizer; mixing a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer and the carrier with the organic fertilizer and a plant insecticide; spraying the amino acid chelated micro or medium fertilizer solution; granulating; and coating with the liquid paraffin at last. According to the special fertilizer, the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency can be remarkably increased, the slow release effect is achieved, the fertilizing amount is reduced, and the pesticide residues are reduced, so that the yield of watermelon is increased and the quality of watermelon is increased.

Description

A kind of watermelon Special base fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer field, be specifically related to watermelon Special base fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

China is a large agricultural country, and chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals play very important effect in agriculture production, and along with the raising of people's living standard and health perception, people pay much attention to the security of agricultural-food, increase year by year demand that is nuisanceless, green food.

Current growth of watermelon fertilizer type used is a lot, and wherein fertilizer special for watermelon adopts NPK composite fertilizer commercially mostly, and it, primarily of the large inorganic elements composition of N, P, K tri-, can meet the growth needs of watermelon at short notice.But life-time service can make soil aggregate be destroyed, easily cause soil compaction, soil property hardening, thus affect watermelon growing, not obvious to watermelon growing promoter action.Though simple fertilizer is rich in organic matter simultaneously, nutrients release is slow, and watermelon absorbs slowly, fertilizer efficiency is low, does not reach active balance between various available nutrient.

Current watermelon prevention and elimination of disease and pests mainly use chemical synthetic pesticide and the former medicine of toxic chemical formulated, to be manured into soil or on agriculture watermelon, life-time service year in year out, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, insect is caused to produce resistance, pollute water source soil and agriculture watermelon, agricultural product quality declines, and pesticide residue exceed standard the physical and mental health and the competitive power of China's watermelon in world market that seriously have a strong impact on people.

Therefore, developing a kind of brand-new watermelon Special base fertilizer material is the task of top priority, and fertilizer of the present invention can supply nutrients for watermelon, there is again effect of desinsection, sterilization, growth promoting effects, and there is no resistance, all there is repelling and killing efficacy to various pests, and to people and animals and surrounding environment without any pollution.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of watermelon Special base fertilizer and preparation method thereof.Fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, medium trace element and plant insecticide composition combine by fertilizer of the present invention, formula rationally, nutrition more comprehensively, balanced, result of use is good, thus improves the yield and quality of watermelon.

The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

Oil-tea-cake 10-20, coated carbamide 5-6, primary ammonium phosphate 20-25, coating Repone K 18-22, wilkinite 20-30, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.5, zinc sulfate 1-2, manganous sulfate 0.1-0.3, attapulgite 10-12, plant ash 5-7, print neem bark powder 3-4, bone meal 3-4, bagasse 10-15, potassium felspar sand 10-15, municipal sludge 18-22, carboxymethyl cellulose 3-4,30% sulfuric acid 15-20, lime 5-10, animal hair 10-15, whiteruss 1-2.

The preparation method of described watermelon Special base fertilizer, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) first animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid, 1-2 hour is hydrolyzed at 100-110 DEG C, generate amino acid, then limestone vegetation is added to pH value 6.0-6.8, add carboxymethyl cellulose again, finally add ferrous sulfate 0, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving, at 90-105 DEG C of reaction 5-6 hour, generate micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids;

(2) potassium felspar sand after 6-8 hour at 400-500 DEG C of sintering, is added whiteruss and grinds to form nanometer powder, then mix with wilkinite;

(3) During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer is adopted, get Oil-tea-cake, bagasse, municipal sludge add appropriate subtilis, mix rear heap fermentation, turning in 5-10 days once, leavening temperature 60-65 DEG C, fermentation time is 30-40 days, namely obtains when being covered with a large amount of white hypha in heap the fertilizer completely that ferments, stand-by;

(4) by coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K co-grinding, then mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment, and pulverize, cross 100-200 mesh sieve;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed after neem bark powder and bone meal mixes, more fully mix with the material of step (2), (4);

(6) spray in the mixture of step (5) by micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids that step (1) is obtained, fully mix rear input granulator granulation thoroughly, last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, obtains watermelon Special base fertilizer.

Fertilizer of the present invention is exclusively used in the base manure of watermelon, every mu of fertilising 80-100kg.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

(1) the present invention adopts acid hydrolysis hair etc. to generate amino acid, and then carry out chelating to middle and trace element, carboxymethyl cellulose adds its chelate structure, is conducive to middle and trace element effectively to utilize, and decreases the invalid release of middle and trace element;

(2) potassium felspar sand composition is after scaling loss, adds whiteruss grinding, adds adsorption structure, simultaneously anti-caking, increases its dispersiveness;

(3) add inorganic sustained release component if attapulgite and soil improvement composition are as bagasse, plant ash in formula, the effective slow releasing, the watermelon that are conducive to fertilizer efficiency fully absorb;

(4) can effectively reduce soil disease and pest adding of plant insecticide composition, and not produce the residual phenomenon of agriculture, not develop immunity to drugs.

In a word, fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio.Can single-dose application, slowly effectively release, can reduce Effects of Fertilization Frequency, reduces rate of fertilizer application, reduces production cost, reduces agriculture residual.Improve the yield and quality of watermelon.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Take Oil-tea-cake 10 kg, coated carbamide kg, primary ammonium phosphate 20kg, coating Repone K 6kg, wilkinite 20kg, ferrous sulfate 0.2kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, manganous sulfate 0.1kg, attapulgite 12kg, plant ash 5kg, print neem bark powder 3kg, bone meal 4kg, bagasse 10kg, potassium felspar sand 15kg, municipal sludge 22kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 3kg, 30% sulfuric acid 15kg, lime 10kg, animal hair 15kg, whiteruss 1kg

Preparation method:

(1) first animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid, 1-2 hour is hydrolyzed at 100-110 DEG C, generate amino acid, then limestone vegetation is added to pH value 6.0-6.8, add carboxymethyl cellulose again, finally add ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving, at 90-105 DEG C of reaction 5-6 hour, generate micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids;

(2), after potassium felspar sand being sintered 7 hours at 450 DEG C, the whiteruss adding about 1.5% grinds to form nanometer powder, then mixes with wilkinite;

(3) During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer is adopted, get Oil-tea-cake, bagasse, municipal sludge add appropriate subtilis, mix rear heap fermentation, turning in one week once, leavening temperature 65 DEG C, fermentation time is 35 days, namely obtains when being covered with a large amount of white hypha in heap the fertilizer completely that ferments, stand-by;

(4) by coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K co-grinding, then mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment, and pulverize, cross 150 mesh sieves;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed after neem bark powder and bone meal mixes, more fully mix with the material of step (2), (4);

(6) spray in the mixture of step (5) by micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids that step (1) is obtained, fully mix rear input granulator granulation thoroughly, last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, obtains watermelon Special base fertilizer.

Embodiment 2

Take Oil-tea-cake 20kg, coated carbamide 5kg, primary ammonium phosphate 19kg, coating Repone K 5kg, wilkinite 30kg, ferrous sulfate 0.3kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, manganous sulfate 0.2kg, attapulgite 12kg, plant ash 7kg, print neem bark powder 4kg, bone meal 3kg, bagasse 12kg, potassium felspar sand 15kg, municipal sludge 19kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 3kg, 30% sulfuric acid 18kg, lime 6kg, animal hair 15kg, whiteruss 1kg

Preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

Take Oil-tea-cake 16kg, coated carbamide 4 kg, primary ammonium phosphate 20kg, coating Repone K 7kg, wilkinite 28kg, ferrous sulfate 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 2kg, manganous sulfate 0.1kg, attapulgite 10kg, plant ash 8kg, print neem bark powder 4kg, bone meal 4kg, bagasse 13kg, potassium felspar sand 10 kg, municipal sludge 22kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 3 kg, 30% sulfuric acid 15 kg, lime 8kg, animal hair 14kg, whiteruss 1kg

Preparation method is with embodiment 1.

experimental data

Choose the watermelon farmland of two pieces of same sizes, wherein one piece of farmland uses watermelon Special base fertilizer of the present invention, and another block farmland uses common NPK fertilizers, through contrasting discovery after a while:

Use the watermelon in the farmland of watermelon Special base fertilizer of the present invention germinate fast, plant is healthy, melon seedling is glossy, fast growth, watermelon melon after maturation is large, and melon pulp is red, and sugariness is high, output increases, compared with not using the farmland of product of the present invention, every mu is increased production about 820 kilograms, and uses the disease and pest in the farmland of product of the present invention also to greatly reduce.

Can illustrate that watermelon Special base fertilizer of the present invention can not only preventing disease and pest effectively from above-mentioned, and this Fertilizer nutrient is balanced, can promote that agriculture watermelon better grows, improve edatope, improves the yield of watermelon and quality.

Claims (1)

1. a watermelon Special base fertilizer, is characterized in that, is made up of the raw material of following weight part:

Oil-tea-cake 10-20, coated carbamide 5-6, primary ammonium phosphate 20-25, coating Repone K 18-22, wilkinite 20-30, ferrous sulfate 0.2-0.5, zinc sulfate 1-2, manganous sulfate 0.1-0.3, attapulgite 10-12, plant ash 5-7, print neem bark powder 3-4, bone meal 3-4, bagasse 10-15, potassium felspar sand 10-15, municipal sludge 18-22, carboxymethyl cellulose 3-4,30% sulfuric acid 15-20, lime 5-10, animal hair 10-15, whiteruss 1-2, subtilis is appropriate;

The preparation method of described watermelon Special base fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

(1) first animal hair is added in 30% sulfuric acid, 1-2 hour is hydrolyzed at 100-110 DEG C, generate amino acid, then limestone vegetation is added to pH value 6.0-6.8, add carboxymethyl cellulose again, finally add ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganous sulfate dissolving, at 90-105 DEG C of reaction 5-6 hour, generate micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids;

(2) potassium felspar sand after 6-8 hour at 400-500 DEG C of sintering, is added whiteruss and grinds to form nanometer powder, then mix with wilkinite;

(3) During High-Temperature Composting fermentation fertilizer is adopted, get Oil-tea-cake, bagasse, municipal sludge add appropriate subtilis, mix rear heap fermentation, turning in 5-10 days once, leavening temperature 60-65 DEG C, fermentation time is 30-40 days, namely obtains when being covered with a large amount of white hypha in heap the fertilizer completely that ferments, stand-by;

(4) by coated carbamide, primary ammonium phosphate, coating Repone K co-grinding, then mix with the fertilizer that attapulgite, plant ash, step (3) ferment, and pulverize, cross 100-200 mesh sieve;

(5) biotic pesticide are printed after neem bark powder and bone meal mixes, more fully mix with the material of step (2), (4);

(6) spray in the mixture of step (5) by micro-, the middle fertilizer solution of chelating amino acids that step (1) is obtained, fully mix rear input granulator granulation thoroughly, last spraying liquid paraffin carries out coating, obtains watermelon Special base fertilizer.