CN101255082B - Organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101255082B CN101255082B CN2008100357757A CN200810035775A CN101255082B CN 101255082 B CN101255082 B CN 101255082B CN 2008100357757 A CN2008100357757 A CN 2008100357757A CN 200810035775 A CN200810035775 A CN 200810035775A CN 101255082 B CN101255082 B CN 101255082B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fertilizer. A organic-inorganic slow-release compound fertilizer special for maize, contains grained inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potasium fertilizers, which is characterized in that: the grained inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potasium fertilizers are macroaggregate urea, slow-release coated urea, monoammonium phosphate and kalium sulphuricum; and the fertilizer is mixed with an organic grained fertilizer used animal manure, bean cake And straw as raw materials; where the fertilizer contains 18-20by weight of macroaggregate urea, 34-36by weight of slow-release coated urea, 15-17by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 14-16by weight of kalium sulphuricum and 14-15by weight of organic grained fertilizer. The invention can provides a long time nutrient basedon the nutritional needs of each growth phase of the maize by once fertilization, can hold and improve soil structure and fertility, and solves the technical problems of convenient preparation, storage, transport and fertilization.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to fertilizer, particularly the long-acting corn fertilizer that combines about a kind of organic fertilizer and mineral manure.
Background technology:
Be this with the farming over China is thousands of year, the plant husbandry in agricultural organic fertilizer such as long-term application people domestic animals manure, barnyard manure, compost, green manure in the past is main.These organic fertilizer decapacitation provide outside organotrophy and the mineral nutrition for crop, and the soil ulmin that is generated also can improve Soil structure, increases soil fertility.But the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizer slowly, store and transport, use inconvenience, opposite chemical fertilizer nutrient content height, fertilizer efficiency be fast, use and store and transport conveniently, therefore the usage quantity of the chemical fertilizer of China has progressively substituted traditional farm organic fertilizer from grow out of nothing after the founding of the state, increase every year.The annual chemical fertilizer consumption of China has accounted for more than 20% of World chemical fertilizer ultimate production at present, has promoted farm output to improve significantly.But the present situation of vast farmers culture technology makes using of chemical fertilizer exist a lot of irrational reasons to resemble again, often uses straight fertilizer, and the use of topdressing mostly, so utilization rate of fertilizer is low.The disadvantage of straight fertilizer existence for a change, application number 200510136714.6, the Chinese invention patent application that name is called " a kind of slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer " discloses a kind of amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer and urea that particle diameter is identical, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer such as ammonium chloride or diammonium phosphate is with weight ratio 1: 0.5～2 batchings of nitrogen content, add organic, the phosphate fertilizer that accounts for material total amount 10%～20% of the urease inhibitor of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer weight 0.2%～8% and/or nitrification inhibitor and same particle size, 10%～15% potash fertilizer, 2%～5% middle trace element is mixed together the slow release long-acting inorganic complex blending fertilizer of making.The fat effect of this compound is long, and fertilizer efficiency period reaches 100～120 days, and nitrogen utilization efficiency can improve more than 10%, can use as base manure, removes from and topdressing, saving of labor, laborsaving.This compound fertilizer is the controlled availability fertilizer that is common to various farm crop, and different crops different vegetative period required various nutritive elements amount greatest differences is arranged.By its fertility characteristic, though the nitrogen that absorbs in season in whole growth is maximum, potassium takes second place such as corn, and phosphorus is less, and at different growing stages, its absorbed dose to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is different.Only according to the research data demonstration of corn to the nitrogen element absorption, corn only accounts for 2.14% of total nitrogen in the absorbed dose of nitrogen in seedling stage, and jointing-booting stage is 32.21%, and full heading time is 18.95%, and the knot ripening stage is 46.70%.In addition, the validity period of controlled availability fertilizer should with the growth cycle basically identical of crop, could fully improve fertilizer utilization ratio.As corn growing season is about 90 days, and being valid up to 120 days of this long-acting compound fertilizer also is that this long-acting fertilizer also has 30 days at release fertilizer nutritive element behind the reaping corn, but these nutritive elements have wasted.So need the long-acting compound fertilizer at a certain crop special use, application number 200610102213.0 Chinese invention patent applications have proposed a kind of long-acting corn fertilizer.This long-acting corn fertilizer is the raw material with parts by weight: cause the particle of 1～5mm behind ammonium sulfate 200, ammonium chloride 500, urea 400, volatile salt 50, carbonic acid two ammoniums 250, carbonic acid one ammonium 200, Repone K 350, zinc sulfate 10, borax 2.5, NAM sustained release drug 2.5, boron-moisten soil 150 mixings, obtain N: P: K=20 behind 80～100 ℃ of hot-air seasonings: 10: 10 compound manure.But this corn fertilizer is entirely inorganic chemical fertilizer, and life-time service can cause damage, havoc soil fertility to Soil structure.Even the former, though contain the amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer, this amino acid organic nitrogenous fertilizer is still for chemosynthesis, and it can not form soil ulmin in soil, to improving Soil structure and fertility does not have help.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer, solving applied once can provide normal phase nutriment, can keep and improve Soil structure and fertility again by corn nutritional needs in each in vegetative period, and makes, stores and transports, uses technical problem easily.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
A kind of organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer comprises granular inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, it is characterized in that: this granular inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are granular urea, release-controlled coated urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar; Be mixed with by animal dung, soya-bean cake, straw is the organic granular fertilizer of raw material; The weight ratio of above-mentioned various particle fertilizer is:
Granular urea 18～20% release-controlled coated ureas 34～36%
Monoammonium phosphate 15～17% vitriolate of tartar 14～16%
Organic granular fertilizer 14～15%
This release-controlled coated urea is made up of granular urea, inorganic mineral powder and tackiness agent, and wherein the inorganic mineral powder sticks with glue agent and is coated on the granular urea periphery; This granular urea accounts for 64～68% of coated carbamide weight, and the inorganic mineral powder accounts for 28～32% of coated carbamide weight.
This inorganic mineral powder is the mixture of the ground dolomite of fineness more than 100 orders, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, and the weight percent of its composition is:
Ground dolomite 88～92% ferrous sulfate 3～6%
Zinc sulfate 1.5～3% boraxs 1.5～3%
The organic content of this organic granular fertilizer accounts for 5%～7.5% of this organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer gross weight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. nutrient is comprehensive, and the organic-inorganic nutrient combines, and has both satisfied the various nutrient demands of corn growth, can keep and improve Soil structure and fertility simultaneously, meets the direction of agricultural sustainable development.
2. prescription rationally, a large amount of and middle micronutrient element combines, the nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio equilibrium, trace elements such as an amount of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, boron have been added again, by reasonable supply and the essential various nutritive elements of adjusting corn, satisfy the needs of corn growth, improve corn yield and quality, starch and soluble sugars in the particularly favourable maize kernel improve on the mouthfeel of maize kernel.
3. fertilizer efficiency period reaches 90 days, with the corn growing season basically identical, has improved utilization rate of fertilizer, and its economic coefficient mixes fertilizer than routine and exceeds nearly 4% up to 32.81%.
4. this corn special-purpose compound fertilizer needs fertile characteristic to regulate and control the release peak of nutrient according to the corn growth different steps, discharges by stages.
5. owing to improved fertilizer utilization ratio, reduced rate of fertilizer application, not only reduced peasant's economy input, and helped improving the ecotope that goes from bad to worse.
6. except that release-controlled coated urea and organic granular fertilizer, all the other all have the commercially available prod, and institute is beneficial to make, and store and transport and use conveniently.
Embodiment:
The present invention forms rule to nutrient demand according to corn growth and quality, and in conjunction with the generalized case of soil nutrient definite corn special-purpose compound fertilizer.It combines in line with organic and inorganic nutrient, long-acting and available nutrient combines, in a large number, middle micronutrient element combines and makes, stores and transports and use characteristics easily, with particle diameter at the granular urea (containing N46%) of 3～4mm, contain in, the release-controlled coated urea (containing N30%) of trace element, organic granular fertilizer (containing organic 36%～50%), monoammonium phosphate (contain N 10%, P
2O
544%), vitriolate of tartar (contains K
2O50%, S18%) uniform mixing forms.Above-mentioned each share (weight percent) of forming is:
Granular urea 18～20% release-controlled coated ureas 34～36%
Monoammonium phosphate 15～17% vitriolate of tartar 14～16%
Organic granular fertilizer 14～15%
Above-mentioned release-controlled coated urea is made up of big the urea that accounts for weight percent 64～68%, 28～32% inorganic mineral powder and the binding agent of surplus.Usually binding agent uses poly-different hydrogen acid ether.The inorganic mineral powder is that the weight percent of fineness more than 100 orders is the mixture of the borax of 88～92% ground dolomite, 3～6% ferrous sulfate, 1.5～3 zinc sulfate and 1.5～3%.This inorganic mineral powder is coated on the outer surface of big urea with binding agent, form draw moisture content in the soil dissolve gradually release wherein, the particle of micronutrient element and nitrogenous fertilizer.
Above-mentioned organic granular fertilizer is the binding agent of raw material adding weight ratio 5～10% by animal dung, soya-bean cake, straw, and the poly-different hydrogen acid ether of general use is made binding agent, and direct extruder grain of warp and disk polishing shaping form, its organic content 36～50%.
By the above-mentioned organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer that obtains of forming, its organic content is about about 5～7.5% of by weight of fertilizer, macronutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) content be about about 36.5% (wherein slow-release nitrogen account for the nitrogenous fertilizer total amount about 48.5%), middle amount nutritive element (CaO+MgO+S) content is about about 7%, micronutrient element (Fe, Mn, Zn, B) content is about about 1%.Show that through field fertilizer efficiency special-purpose fertilizer disposable applying before sowing can be satisfied each growth period of corn fully to nutrient demand.Table 1 data declaration, the corn special-purpose compound fertilizer economic coefficient is higher, this prescription fertilizer nutrient proportioning equilibrium is described, can coordinate the balance of corn nourishment growth and reproductive growth, use the bright fringe spike length of corn of compound fertilizer special and Dan Suichong all than the height of using conventional composite fertilizer, the bright fringe volume increase 10.20% of its corn.
Table 1 long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer is to the influence of maize growth and yield traits
Research is thought, the height of starch and the two relative content of soluble sugar in the Glutinous Semen Maydis seed, directly influence eating quality, use the starch of maize kernel of compound fertilizer special and soluble sugar content and all be higher than and use conventional composite fertilizer, show that corn special-purpose compound fertilizer of the present invention helps starch and soluble sugars.
Table 2 long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer is to the influence of the bright fringe nutritive ingredient of corn
Claims (1)
1. an organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer comprises granular inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, it is characterized in that: this granular inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are granular urea, release-controlled coated urea, monoammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar; Be mixed with by animal dung, soya-bean cake, straw is the organic granular fertilizer of raw material; The weight ratio of above-mentioned various particle fertilizer is:
Granular urea 18～20% release-controlled coated ureas 34～36%
Monoammonium phosphate 15～17% vitriolate of tartar 14～16%
Organic granular fertilizer 14～15%;
This release-controlled coated urea is made up of granular urea, inorganic mineral powder and tackiness agent, wherein the inorganic mineral powder sticks with glue agent and is coated on the granular urea periphery, this granular urea accounts for 64～68% of coated carbamide weight, the inorganic mineral powder accounts for 28～32% of coated carbamide weight, above-mentioned inorganic mineral powder is the mixture of the ground dolomite of fineness more than 100 orders, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, and its weight percent is:
Ground dolomite 88～92% ferrous sulfate 3～6%
Zinc sulfate 1.5～3% boraxs 1.5～3%;
The organic content of this organic granular fertilizer accounts for 5%～7.5% of this organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer gross weight.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100357757A CN101255082B (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2008-04-09 | Organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer |
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| CN2008100357757A CN101255082B (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2008-04-09 | Organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer |
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| CN101255082A CN101255082A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
| CN101255082B true CN101255082B (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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| CN102249779A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-11-23 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Special fertilizer for milk vetch and application method thereof |
| CN102951975A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2013-03-06 | 赵振吉 | Mixed sustained-and-controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102515982A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-06-27 | 北京市农林科学院 | Special coated controlled release fertilizer for spring maize and preparation method thereof |
| CN102826922B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-05-14 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Fertilizer special for spring corn base fertilizer |
| CN102816020B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Special fertilizer for watermelon base fertilizer as well as preparation method of special fertilizer |
| CN102964160B (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏高博智融科技有限公司 | Compound fertilizer |
| CN102910956A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-06 | 四川农业大学 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special for corn and energy conservation and emission reduction application method of fertilizer |
| CN103864503A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 赵振吉 | Controlled-release type blended fertilizer |
| CN104045492B (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-04-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Salt affected soil improvement is slow-release fertilizer dedicated and preparation method thereof |
| CN103145505B (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-06-11 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Compound fertilizer special for corn and preparation method thereof |
| CN103467216A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林市金穗肥业有限公司 | Novel high-efficiency controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104072248A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-10-01 | 安徽省谷顶生物肥业有限责任公司 | Ternary slow-controlled compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104326788A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 刘健 | Fertilizer applied to corn field |
| CN106116779A (en) * | 2016-06-19 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏沃绿宝有机农业开发有限公司 | A kind of special once-only compound fertilizer of Semen Maydis and preparation method thereof |
| CN106220337A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-14 | 宿松县洪家龙油茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of oil tea full trophophase slow-release fertilizer |
| CN109422564A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-05 | 于银强 | Chemical fertilizer for pachyrhizus |
| CN109369265A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of cellulose base coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111466192A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-31 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Efficient fertilization method for corn and soybean crop rotation in northeast region |
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| CN1439623A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-09-03 | 高元财 | Straw organic composite fertilizer and production thereof |
| CN1557789A (en) * | 2004-01-17 | 2004-12-29 | 北京中美倍德生物工程技术有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material |
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2008
- 2008-04-09 CN CN2008100357757A patent/CN101255082B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1439623A (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2003-09-03 | 高元财 | Straw organic composite fertilizer and production thereof |
| CN1557789A (en) * | 2004-01-17 | 2004-12-29 | 北京中美倍德生物工程技术有限公司 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material |
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