CN1557789A - Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The remixed organic-inorganic fertilizer with active compost as basic material is produced with the following matters: fermented active compost in 30-50 weight portions, urea 10-30 weight portions, ammonium or diammonium phosphate 10-20 weight portions, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 15-25 weight portions, and adhesive 0.6-15 weight portions. The active compost is prepared through crushing crop stalk, mixing the stalk with animal excrement in such ratio as to result in C/N ratio of 20-35, regulating water content to 60 %, fermentation, stoving and crushing. The preparation process of the remixed organic-inorganic fertilizer is also disclosed. The present invention has obvious environment and economic utility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, especially a kind of is the organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of base-material with active compost, reaching the compost that stabilization requires after its adopts agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry to become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation is raw material, and the fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer that are aided with other stabilization process through mixing granulation.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, also is the chemical fertilizers production state and the country of consumption of world today's maximum simultaneously.Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element fertilizer etc. are at the existing very long applicating history of China, but for a long time because fertilizer structure is unreasonable, though the rate of fertilizer application of unit surface has surpassed 1.6 times of world average levels, but plant recovery of nutrient is very low always, for example the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer only is 30～50%, far below world's level of developed countries, this not only wastes resource but also environment is caused serious threat.Along with the quickening of agricultural modernization speed, the simplification day by day of agriculture production has produced a large amount of stalk resources in the vast Rural areas of China.Owing to there are not effective treatment measures, burn the grass on waste land and cause the accident of fire to occur repeatedly, the peasant is deposited in stalk in the river course sometimes, and this had both wasted resource and also draining and flood discharge had been caused potential danger.Developing of Animal Industry has also produced a large amount of fecal pollutions in addition.Because nutrient content is low in the fertilizer, amount of application is big, often can not satisfy crop whole production demand in season effectively, therefore how to improve nutrient content in the fertilizer, reduces direct use of chemical fertilizer and causes nutrient loss just to become key problem in technology.We utilize the rapidly composting technology that the two is combined effectively, produce the composting production of fine biologically active, and it can improve soil organic matter content effectively, improves Soil structure.
The granular organic and inorganic compound that Chinese patent 92102853.9 is produced is fertile owing to be to utilize sheepfold excrement or peat, rapeseed cake (cottonseed cake) etc. directly as organic constituent, and these organic materialss do not carry out innoxious and stabilization treatment through During High-Temperature Composting, therefore wherein contained pathogenic bacteria and weed seed and worm's ovum are not killed, and do not reach to become thoroughly decomposed, stablize yet.
In Chinese patent 90104584.5, adopted the integral part of producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life as organic materials, because present China domestic waste complicated component, not only organic content is low, and contain a large amount of impurity, especially can contain hazardous and noxious substances and enter product.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind ofly can increase soil organic matter content, can satisfy the nutrient demand of crop again, can also improve simultaneously fertilizer plant recovery of nutrient be the granular multi-functional organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of base-material with active compost and commodity chemical fertilizer.
Organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of the present invention is to be processed by following substances:
Active compost 30-50 part by fermentation, active compost wherein is to be made by following method: after agricultural crop straw is pulverized, percentage composition according to the observed watercut of stalk and feces of livestock and poultry and carbon, nitrogen, by satisfying C/N is the actual mixture ratio example that 20～35 condition calculates stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, then the two is mixed, adjusting moisture content simultaneously is 60%, and the oven dry of fermentation back is pulverized;
Urea 10-30 part, diammonium phosphate or monoammonium phosphate 10-20 part, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 15-25 part; With
Binding agent 0.6-15 part.
In above-mentioned organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, described binding agent is one or more in clay mineral, Attapulgite, wilkinite, phosphogypsum and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate preferably.
In above-mentioned organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, described clay mineral is one or more in clay, chalk soil, kaolin, coal slime, magnesia, the sepiolite powder preferably.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of making organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, and it comprises the steps:
(1) with after the agricultural crop straw pulverizing, percentage composition according to the observed watercut of stalk and feces of livestock and poultry and carbon, nitrogen, by satisfying C/N is the actual mixture ratio example that 20～35 condition calculates stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, then the two is mixed, adjusting moisture content simultaneously is 60%, the oven dry of fermentation back is pulverized, and makes active compost;
(2) take by weighing each raw material according to following ratio:
Active compost (dry weight) 30-50 part that step (1) makes,
Urea 10-30 part, diammonium phosphate or monoammonium phosphate 10-20 part, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 15-25 part and
Binding agent 0.6-1.2 part;
(3) according to common process the raw material of step (2) is carried out granulation, drying, packing, organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer.
In the method for above-mentioned manufacturing organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, described binding agent is one or more in clay mineral, Attapulgite, wilkinite, phosphogypsum and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate preferably.
In the method for above-mentioned manufacturing organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer, described clay mineral is one or more in clay, chalk soil, kaolin, coal slime, magnesia, the sepiolite powder preferably.
Compound fertilizer of the present invention can be adjusted the ratio and the add-on of used urea, monoammonium phosphate (or diammonium phosphate), Repone K (or vitriolate of tartar) according to the nutrient demand of Different Crop, the regional soil fertility difference of fertilizer use, and the foundation of adjustment is the kind of target crop, output and soil fertility situation.For example, prepare the tomato compound fertilizer special,, consider the nitrogen phosphorus potassium quantity that can provide then of the soil of using again, determine that at last the nitrogen phosphorus potassium of fertilizer is filled a prescription at first according to nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium ratio of every mu scheduled production and needs thereof.Suit measures to local conditions to select the adhesive for granulating that is suitable for according to economic condition, alternative binding agent mainly contains inorganic and organic two classes.Mineral binder bond mainly contains clay mineral (comprising clay, chalk soil, kaolin, coal slime, magnesia, sepiolite powder etc.), Attapulgite, wilkinite, phosphogypsum and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate etc.; The organic binder bond kind is less, at present selective amides and the starch synthetic macromolecular compound of mainly containing.Utilize granulating disc and cylinder tablets press to produce the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of Different Crop.For guaranteeing the quality of product, used urea nitrogen content is 46%, pure nutrient (N+P in the diammonium phosphate
2O
5) content is (or the pure nutrient (N+P of monoammonium phosphate more than 57%
2O
5) content is more than 50%), K in the Repone K
2O content is K more than 60% or in the vitriolate of tartar
2O content is more than 50%; The add-on of binding agent (with the mineral binder bond Attapulgite is example, dry weight)＜15%.Little fertile kind selectivity is as required added.
The used matured compost of the present invention contains a large amount of humic acid materials and a large amount of beneficial microorganisms, and they can activating soil, increases the soil organism.We carry out nutrient proportioning and granulation according to crop to the nutrient demand rule.Reach from the time and to satisfy the Different Crop growth phase and need fertile requirement, promptly realize slowly discharging the purpose of nutrient by granulation.From horizontal, can satisfy the needs of crop simultaneously, thereby realize crop satisfying nutrient demand to big or middle and micro-nutrient.The nutrient content of fertilizer itself has lower, can't satisfy the crop whole growing to nutrient demand, thus can with inorganic fertilizer supply fertilizer the nutrient that can not provide to satisfy crop to nutrient demand.By adhesive special they are made the particle compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, thereby realized the slow release of nutrient, and then improved the utilising efficiency of fertilizer.In order to solve the difference of Different Crop to nutrient demand, by research to various nutrient demand amounts in the Different Crop whole growing, nutrient need according to crop is carried out rational proportion to its inorganic component, make it meet the nutrient demand of crop, in addition, supply insufficient nutrient according to the utilising efficiency of fertilizer again, finally just realized satisfying crop demand amount of nutrients.
Compare with Chinese patent 92102853.9; because the present invention is converted into humic acid with the organic constituent in the composting material; and humic acid can improve the plant recovery of nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus element and potassium element effectively by complexing, absorption and formation protective membrane, has particularly greatly kept the validity of phosphorus.In addition,, there is a large amount of beneficial microorganisms again in the compost, can significantly promotes plant, also can keep ecotope effectively simultaneously, prevent the destruction of natural, ecological various nutrient absorbing and utilization through behind the high-temperature aerobic fermentation.
Compare with Chinese patent 90104584.5, the present invention can effectively prevent hazardous and noxious substances and enter food chain.
The used organic materials of the present invention is the compost that becomes thoroughly decomposed that utilizes after the byproduct crop material of agriculture production and feces of livestock and poultry are united thermophilic fermentation.The product that the present invention produced can be used for the production of Organic food, has the comparison vast market.
The present invention also has tangible environment, society and economic benefit: at first for agricultural wastes have found outlet preferably, solved wasting of resources problem, prevented environmental pollution; Secondly can promote the change of China's fertilizer structure, simplify the agriculture production operating process, improve efficiency of resource; In addition, can also promote the rural economy prosperity, increase farmers' income, prevent the environmental destruction in rural area.Because organism of the present invention is an agriculture wastes, do not contain plant growth and the deleterious material of human and livestock health, and behind composting, not only can kill wherein harmful germ and weed seed and worm's ovum, and increased the beneficial microorganism that helps plant growth, promote nutritive ingredient to keep higher effective, thus the absorbing of favourable crop.
Embodiment
The following examples will be further explained the present invention, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiment, the scope that these embodiment do not limit the present invention in any way.Some change that those skilled in the art is made within the scope of the claims and adjust also should be thought and belongs to this
Scope of invention.
Embodiment 1-4 prepares active compost
Agricultural crop straw is ground into the long segment of 2-5cm, the percentage composition of actual water content that records stalk and feces of livestock and poultry and carbon, nitrogen (shown in table 1-4), by satisfying C/N is the actual mixture ratio example (shown in table 1-4) that 20～35 condition calculates stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, then the two is mixed, adjusting moisture content simultaneously is 60%.When final C/N is lower, cause the mixture moisture content to surpass (seeing Table 1) at 60% o'clock, can in follow-up During High-Temperature Composting operation, moisture be reduced by measures such as suitable increase turning number of times, do not influence the compost effect.Adopt modern During High-Temperature Composting technology again, (temperature is continuing more than 3 days more than 55 ℃ through one time fermentation, about 10 days total times) and suitably Secondary Fermentation (temperature is in the normal temperature scope, about 10 days) (mainly finger is killed pathogenic bacteria and weed seed fully for half matured compost that obtains, certain humification is arranged simultaneously), drying is pulverized standby.
The stalk of table 1 embodiment 1 and feces of livestock and poultry parameter and hybrid parameter
| Embodiment 1 | Stalk | Feces of livestock and poultry | ||||
| Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | |
| Measured value | ??15 | ??43 | ??0.73 | ??75 | ??38.2 | ??3.03 |
| Blending ratio (weight in wet base, t) | ???????????????1 | ????????????4.26 | ||||
| Final C/N | ????????????????????????????????20 | |||||
| (t) need keep the skin wet | ????????????????????????????????0 | |||||
| Mixture moisture content (%) | ????????????????????????????????69 | |||||
The stalk of table 2 embodiment 2 and feces of livestock and poultry parameter and hybrid parameter
| Embodiment 2 | Stalk | Feces of livestock and poultry |
| Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | |
| Measured value | ??15 | ??43 | ??0.73 | ?75 | ?38.2 | ??3.03 |
| Blending ratio (weight in wet base, t) | ?????????????1 | ???????????2.26 | ||||
| Final C/N | ??????????????????????????????25 | |||||
| (t) need keep the skin wet | ??????????????????????????????0.278 | |||||
| Mixture moisture content (%) | ??????????????????????????????60 | |||||
The stalk of table 3 embodiment 3 and feces of livestock and poultry parameter and hybrid parameter
| Embodiment 3 | Stalk | Feces of livestock and poultry | ||||
| Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | |
| Measured value | ??15 | ??43 | ??0.73 | ?75 | ??38.2 | ??3.03 |
| Blending ratio (weight in wet base, t) | ????????????1 | ????????????1.35 | ||||
| Final C/N | ??????????????????????????????30 | |||||
| (t) need keep the skin wet | ??????????????????????????????0.62 | |||||
| Mixture moisture content (%) | ??????????????????????????????60 | |||||
The stalk of table 4 embodiment 4 and feces of livestock and poultry parameter and hybrid parameter
| Embodiment 4 | Stalk | Feces of livestock and poultry | ||||
| Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | Water content (%) | Carbon content (%) | Nitrogen content (%) | |
| Measured value | ??15 | ??43 | ??0.73 | ??75 | ?38.2 | ??3.03 |
| Blending ratio (weight in wet base, t) | ??????????????1 | ???????????0.88 | ||||
| Final C/N | ????????????????????????????????35 | |||||
| (t) need keep the skin wet | ????????????????????????????????0.80 | |||||
| Mixture moisture content (%) | ????????????????????????????????60 | |||||
Embodiment 5 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 50kg, the inorganic fertilizer 50kg (wherein urea 20kg, diammonium phosphate 10kg and Repone K 20kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 1 preparation, binding agent (argillaceous, Attapulgite) 1.0kg; To join in the granulating disc behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 6 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 40kg, the inorganic fertilizer 60kg (wherein urea 25kg, diammonium phosphate 15kg and Repone K 20kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 1 preparation, binding agent (containing chalk soil, Attapulgite, wilkinite) 0.8kg; To join in the granulating disc behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 7 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 50kg, the inorganic fertilizer 40kg (wherein urea 15kg, diammonium phosphate 10kg and Repone K 15kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 2 preparations, binding agent (containing kaolin, phosphogypsum and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate) 1.2kg; To join in the rotary drum granulator behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 8 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 30kg, the inorganic fertilizer 55kg (wherein urea 10kg, diammonium phosphate 20kg and vitriolate of tartar 25kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 2 preparations, binding agent (containing coal slime, magnesia, wilkinite and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate) 0.6kg; To join in the rotary drum granulator behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 9 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 35kg, the inorganic fertilizer 55kg (wherein urea 30kg, monoammonium phosphate 10kg and vitriolate of tartar 15kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 3 preparations, binding agent (argillaceous, coal slime, Attapulgite) 1.2kg; To join in the granulating disc behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 10 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 45kg, the inorganic fertilizer 45kg (wherein urea 10kg, monoammonium phosphate 15kg and vitriolate of tartar 20kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 3 preparations, binding agent (containing chalk soil, magnesia, wilkinite and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate) 1.0kg; To join in the rotary drum granulator behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 11 preparation organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizers
Take by weighing compost (dry weight) 45kg, the inorganic fertilizer 75kg (wherein urea 30kg, monoammonium phosphate 20kg and Repone K 25kg) of following raw materials component (weight part): embodiment 4 preparations, binding agent (containing wilkinite) 0.8kg; To join in the granulating disc behind above-mentioned compost, the inorganic fertilizer raw material blending, add binding agent simultaneously and carry out granulation, drying is finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 12 rice biological effect experiments
Experiment is that the porcelain basin of 26 * 30cm carries out with volume in China Agricultural University's resource and environment institute research park greenhouse.Be low fertility grassy marshland cinnamon soil for examination soil, soil physico-chemical property is as shown in table 5.Altogether if with organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of the present invention, use common chemical fertilizer and 3 treatment group of contrast control group of not applying fertilizer, concrete treatment process sees Table 6, each handles repetition 3 times.
Table 5 is for the physico-chemical property of examination soil
| Project | Organic full nitrogen alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen rapid available phosphorus available potassium pH (%) is (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (%) |
| Content | ??1.181???0.0528????54.5??????12.7??????184.2?????8.26 |
Table 6 fertilization of rice scheme (g/ basin)
| Kind | ????CK | Compound fertilizer of the present invention | Common chemical fertilizer | |
| Base manure | Fertilizer | ????0 | ????13.32 | ??0 |
| ????(NH 4) 2SO 4 | ????0 | ????0 | ??2.85 | |
| ????CaH 4(PO 4) 2 | ????0 | ????0 | ??2.35 | |
| ????KCl | ????0 | ????0 | ??1.67 | |
| (NH topdresses 4) 2SO 4 | Tillering fertilizer | ????0 | ????1.90 | ??1.90 |
| Ear manuer | ????0 | ????0.95 | ??0.95 | |
Grain number per spike, the thousand seed weight of rice yield and paddy rice the results are shown in Table 7.As can be seen from Table 7, use particle organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer processing of the present invention and compare with the chemical fertilizer with nutritive props, rice yield, plant height are all than higher.From output influence key element as can be seen, the principal element that makes increasing production of rice is because the thousand seed weight of paddy rice and grain number per spike are increased.
Table 7 different fertilization is to the influence of rice yield and constituent element
| Handle | Grain number per spike (individual) | Plant height (cm) | Thousand seed weight (g) | Output (g/ basin) |
| CK | 80.4 | ?68.6 | ?24.3 | ?21.9 |
| Common chemical fertilizer | 85.3 | ?95.0 | ?25.8 | ?84.2 |
| Compound fertilizer of the present invention | 88.3 | ?95.7 | ?29.8 | ?100.4 |
Example 13 brassinosteroid biosynthesis effect experiments
Experiment is carried out in experiment field, China Agricultural University Technology Park, and each microcell area is 0.65m
2, compound fertilizer of the present invention, common chemical fertilizer and the control treatment of not applying fertilizer are set respectively, each is handled and repeats 3 times.Rape variety is the curtain in May, adopts the method for broadcasting sowing.Concrete scheme is as shown in table 8.
Table 8 rape fertilising scheme (g/ district)
| Fertilization type | ????CK | Compound fertilizer of the present invention | Common chemical fertilizer | |
| Kind | Quantity | |||
| Base manure | ????0 | ??40.2 | ????(NH 4) 2SO 4 | ????3.57 |
| ????CaH 4(PO 4) 2 | ????7.50 | |||
| ????KCl | ????5.50 | |||
| 3～4 leaves topdress | ????0 | ??0 | ????(NH 4) 2SO 4 | ????3.57 |
| ????CaH 4(PO 4) 2 | ????0 | |||
| ????KCl | ????0 | |||
Different fertilization sees Table 9 to the influence of yield of rape and shows, the rape of each fertilizer treatment is all compared according to handling volume increase, its amount of increase in production is compound fertilizer＞chemical fertilizer of the present invention＞CK in proper order, and its fertilizer-preserving ability strengthened after During High-Temperature Composting and chemical fertilizer were made particle fertilizer, made yield of rape higher.
Table 9 different fertilization is to the influence of yield of rape
| Project | CK | Chemical fertilizer | Compound fertilizer of the present invention |
| Average individual plant heavy (g) | 12.9 | 16.7 | 36.8 |
| Cell production (g/ district) | 322.3 | 416.0 | 919.3 |
| Than CK (± %) | 0 | 22.60 | 64.97 |
In addition, nitrate content is the important index of reflection vegetables health quality.The result finds out from table 10, and the nitrate content of using the chemical fertilizer processing is the highest.Nitrate content hangs down 27.36% than contrast in the suety dish body of compound of the present invention and use, and is lower by 36.73% than chemical fertilizer, illustrates to adopt compound fertilizer of the present invention can obviously alleviate the interior nitrate content of rape body.
Table 10 different fertilization is to the influence of rape NO3-N content
| Project | ????CK | Chemical fertilizer | Compound fertilizer of the present invention |
| ????NO 3-N content (mg.kg -1) | ????1660.9 | ????1907.2 | ????1206.4 |
| Than CK (± %) | ????0 | ????14.83 | ????-27.36 |
| Than chemical fertilizer ± % | ????-12.9 | ????0 | ????-36.73 |
As can be seen from Table 11, use the granular complex fertilizer that contains organic matter soil moisture content is improved, have the raising retention capacity of soil.Use all more do not apply fertilizer contrast and use common chemical fertilizer to handle of compound fertilizer of the present invention simultaneously, effect is preferably being arranged aspect the soil organism and the nutrient improving.
Table 11 different fertilization is to the influence of soil fertility index
| Project | CK | Chemical fertilizer | Compound fertilizer of the present invention | |
| Water content (%) | 16.17 | ?17.31 | ?17.84 | |
| Full N | Content (%) | 0.0816 | ?0.0658 | ?0.0584 |
| Than CK ± % | 0 | ?-24.01 | ?-39.73 | |
| Available N | Content (mg/kg) | 76.55 | ?20.75 | ?22.35 |
| Than CK ± % | 0 | ?-268.92 | ?-242.51 | |
| Available P | Content (mg/kg) | 6.62 | ?8.52 | ?8.07 |
| Than CK ± % | 0 | ?22.30 | ?17.97 | |
| Quick-acting K | Content (mg/kg) | 90 | ?100.9 | ?92.26 |
| Than CK ± % | 0 | ?10.80 | ?2.45 | |
| Organic | Content (%) | 1.422 | ?1.453 | ?2.019 |
| Than CK ± % | 0 | ?2.13 | ?29.57 | |
The experiment of example 14 environmental effects
The influence of compound fertilizer of the present invention that present embodiment has been used earth pillar drip washing experimental study to the underground water nitrate nitrogen content.
Setting comprises that nitrogen, phosphorus, the common chemical fertilizer of potassium nutrition ratio unanimity, compound of the present invention are fertile and does not apply fertilizer three and handle that each handles triplicate, comparison they under the waterflooding condition to the difference of the influence of underground water nitrate content.This experiment is to be 8cm at internal diameter, and length is to carry out in the plastic conduit of 120cm.The plastics tubing bottom is a porous plate, interior shop filter paper also loads the thick fine sand of 5cm, in order to drainage with prevent that soil from discharging with water, the sieve topsoil soils of (aperture is 1cm) of the 80cm that recharges on it, the topsoil soils of common chemical fertilizer, compound fertilizer of the present invention is sneaked in 20cm filling in top layer respectively, and its rate of fertilizer application sees Table 12.8 hours daytimes of every day pour water continuously, stop to irritate the envrionment conditions during with simulated rice cultivation waterflooding at night in 12 hours.Sampling and measuring water outlet every day nitrate content.Irrigation water is a Chinese agricultural university phreatic water, and its nitrate content is 0.25mg/l.
Table 12 different treatment scheme (gram/earth pillar)
| Handle | Contrast | Common chemical fertilizer | Compound fertilizer of the present invention |
| (NH 4) 2SO 4 | 0 | 1.311 | 0 |
| CaH 4(PO 4) 2 | 0 | 0.956 | 0 |
| KCl | 0 | 0.306 | 0 |
| Compound fertilizer of the present invention | 0 | 0 | 4.08 |
Table 13 is the following 1 meter dark soil layer water outlet nitrate nitrogen content situation of different fertilization waterflooding condition.Fertilizer nitrogen discharges fast, water outlet nitrate nitrogen content height.And the fertile nitrogen that discharges of compound of the present invention is slow, and third and fourth sky reaches maximum value after fertilising, descends gradually later on.Illustrate that compound fertilizer has the effect of sluggishness or the downward leaching loss of prevention nitric nitrogen, it is to underground water contamination minimum.
The following 1 meter soil layer water outlet nitrate nitrogen content of table 13 different fertilization waterflooding condition (mg/l)
| Handle | CK | Common chemical fertilizer | Compound fertilizer of the present invention | ||
| Content | Than CK ± % | Content | Than CK ± % | ||
| First day | 298.0 | 331.0 | 11.1 | 308.01 | 3.36 |
| Second day | 7.67 | 17.17 | 123.9 | 13.46 | 86.4 |
| The 3rd day | 0.393 | 0.417 | 5.30 | 0.502 | 26.8 |
| The 4th day | 0.416 | 0.418 | 0.480 | 1.014 | 143.8 |
| The 5th day | 0.382 | 0.387 | 1.31 | 0.484 | 26.7 |
Claims (6)
1. an organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer is characterized in that, it is to be processed by following substances:
Active compost 30-50 part by fermentation, active compost wherein is to be made by following method: after agricultural crop straw is pulverized, percentage composition according to the observed watercut of stalk and feces of livestock and poultry and carbon, nitrogen, by satisfying C/N is the actual mixture ratio example that 20～35 condition calculates stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, then the two is mixed, adjusting moisture content simultaneously is 60%, and the oven dry of fermentation back is pulverized;
Urea 10-30 part, diammonium phosphate or monoammonium phosphate 10-20 part, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar 15-25 part; With
Binding agent 0.6-15 part.
2. organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described binding agent is one or more in clay mineral, Attapulgite, wilkinite, phosphogypsum and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate.
3. organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described clay mineral is one or more in clay, chalk soil, kaolin, coal slime, magnesia, the sepiolite powder.
4. a method of making organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) with after the agricultural crop straw pulverizing, percentage composition according to the observed watercut of stalk and feces of livestock and poultry and carbon, nitrogen, by satisfying C/N is the actual mixture ratio example that 20～35 condition calculates stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, then the two is mixed, adjusting moisture content simultaneously is 60%, the oven dry of fermentation back is pulverized, and makes active compost;
(2) take by weighing each raw material according to following ratio:
Active compost (dry weight) 30-50 part that step (1) makes,
Urea 10-30 part, diammonium phosphate or monoammonium phosphate 10-20 part, Repone K or
Vitriolate of tartar 15-25 part and
Binding agent 0.6-1.2 part;
(3) according to common process the raw material of step (2) is carried out granulation, drying, packing, organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer.
5. according to the method for the manufacturing organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer of claim 4, it is characterized in that described binding agent is one or more in clay mineral, Attapulgite, wilkinite, phosphogypsum and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate.
6. the method for manufacturing organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described clay mineral is one or more in clay, chalk soil, kaolin, coal slime, magnesia, the sepiolite powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100009746A CN100360475C (en) | 2004-01-17 | 2004-01-17 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN100348553C (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2007-11-14 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method of preparing NPK composite fertilizer using straw ash |
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| CN101255082B (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2010-08-25 | 上海市农业科学院 | Organic-inorganic long-acting corn special-purpose compound fertilizer |
| CN101948349A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2011-01-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Preparation process for organic-inorganic compound fertilizer |
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