CN103030478B

CN103030478B - Method of producing soil humus with crop stalks and application

Info

Publication number: CN103030478B
Application number: CN201210573577.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴洪生
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
Priority date: 2012-12-26
Filing date: 2012-12-26
Publication date: 2014-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-26
Also published as: CN103030478A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method of producing soil humus with crop stalks and an application. The method comprises the following steps that the crop stalks are smashed after being harvested; an appropriate amount of livestock excrement, carbamide or ammonium sulfate, manganese oxide, hydroquinone and the like are added to the crop stalks, stirred uniformly, subjected to mixed stacking, fermented, sprayed with water, covered with a film at the periphery and sealed, and subjected to stack turning frequently. The soil humus can serves as a high-quality organic fertilizer and a soil organic matter to be applied into farmland for grain and vegetable cultivation, and has no environmental pollution; air pollution due to smashing of the crop stalks is avoided; the problem that the content of the organic matter in the farmland decreases is solved; the soil fertility is increased; greenhouse gas emission of the farmland is reduced; carbon sequestration of soil is promoted; and the development on ecological agriculture is promoted.

Description

A kind of method of crop straws for producing agron and application

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, particularly a kind of method of crop straws for producing agron and application.

Background technology

Within 2009, National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Agriculture dispatch a joint document, require various places to accelerate to promote stalk comprehensive utilization work, progressively form the benign cycle that stalk resource develops, realize stalk commercialization and resource utilization, promote resource-conserving and pro-environmental society.China's agricultural crop straw quantity is large, kind is many, distribution is wide, is the main life fuel of Chinese rural, draught animal feed and organic fertilizer, and small part is as industrial raw material and edible mushrooms base-material.But stalk comprehensive utilization still exists that utilization ratio is low, industrial chain is short and the problem such as industrial pattern is unreasonable.National Development and Reform Committee and the Ministry of Agriculture require various places to strengthen planning guidance, take province as unit establishment stalk resource comprehensive utilization Long-and Medium-term Development planning, according to resource distribution situation, rationally determine the developing goal of the different purposes of stalk, consider the requirements such as comprehensive utilization project and industrial pattern as a whole.Two departments emphasize, support on policy dynamics will be strengthened in each department, performance market forces.According to " overall planning, gives top priority to what is the most important; Take into account local conditions and give detailed guidance; Science and technology support, pilot demonstration; Support on policy, public participation " fundamental principle, actively push forward stalk comprehensive utilization work.In the annual 700000000 tons of stalks of China, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content reach respectively more than 300 ten thousand tons, 700,000 tons, 7,000,000 tons, are equivalent to 25% of the current applying quantity of chemical fertilizer in the whole nation, are important organic fertilizer resources.Greatly develop stalk fertilizer, be conducive to alleviate china natural resources energy shortage contradiction, promote Agro-ecology balance, build the modern agriculture of efficient ecological.Whole nation family more than 10000 of total all kinds of organic fertilizer production producer, produces about 7,000 ten thousand tons of feces of livestock and poultry fertilizer every year at present, consumes about 1,000 ten thousand tons of stalk.The whole nation has 7.5 hundred million tons of crop materials every year, burns and produces fertilizer and direct simple about 300,000,000 tons of the field of going back of stalk, also has about 4.5 hundred million tons of stalks not make full use of.China has ploughs 1,800,000,000 mu, 2,000,000,000 mu, low yield and saline-alkali soil, and shortage of land resource, grain security is on the hazard constantly.Increase the soil organism and soil ulmin, to improveing soil, increase soil fertility, promote plant growth, ensureing that grain-supply meaning is very great.

Summary of the invention

the technical problem solving:the present invention is directed to a large amount of agricultural crop straws and can not correctly process in time the problem that causes air and water pollution and the wasting of resources, develop a kind of simple method, a kind of method and application of crop straws for producing soil ulmin are provided, this method is after crop harvesting, crops stalk crushing is become to grass section, add feces of livestock and poultry and urea, ammonium sulfate, manganese oxide, Resorcinol, phosphogypsum etc., the soil organism and fertilizer that mixed stack fermentation is made, as base manure, apply farmland, Planting Crops, Development of Organic Agriculture and the ecological agriculture, improvement and raising soil productivity, promote plant growth, reduce environmental pollution, improve crop quality, improve crop yield, increase peasant economy benefit.

technical scheme:a method for crop straws for producing agron, production stage is: after crop straw harvesting, crops stalk crushing is become to the long stalk section of 5-30cm; Amount by agricultural crop straw quality 10-60% adds feces of livestock and poultry, adds water and makes stalk section and feces of livestock and poultry completely drenched; Every 1000 kilograms of agricultural crop straws add 0.5-8 kg urea or 1-12 kilo sulfuric acid ammonium, 0.05-1.0 kilogram of manganese oxide, 0.001-1.0 kilogram of Resorcinol and 1-10 kilogram of phosphogypsum, thoroughly mix thoroughly, the bank up haystack of growth 2-15 rice, wide 1-8 rice, high 1-2 rice, keeps haystack humidity at 40-60%; Cover plastics film and make the sealing of haystack surrounding, every 6 days of summer was taken off film turning once, and spring and autumn is taken off film turning once in every 12 days, after 3-4 time is taken off film turning, spreads out, ventilative, under the sun, shines 3-5 days, obtains agron.

Described agricultural crop straw is wheat, paddy rice or maize straw.

The application of the method for crop straws for producing agron in plantation wheat, rape, paddy rice, corn and Peanut Crop.

The above-mentioned soil organism of making applies field before kind of plant or after results.

beneficial effect:the present invention can utilize agricultural straw resourceization, and the soil organism is produced in bio-transformation, reduces environmental pollution, develops eco-agriculture.

The present invention can change into agron by a large amount of farm crop straw organisms, greatly reduce the atmospheric pollution of peasant's crop straw burning and arbitrarily disposed stalk and water that feces of livestock and poultry causes pollutes, soil ulmin and the organic fertilizer produced can be improved agricultural land soil, improve the soil organism and fertility, promote plant growth, be conducive to development and the agricultural sustainable development of the ecological agriculture.

The following beneficial effect that the present invention has compared to existing technology:

1) agricultural straw resource adopting in the present invention utilizes technology, and method is easy, technology is simple, workable, with low cost, practical.

2) agricultural straw resource that the present invention adopts utilizes technology, a large amount of agricultural crop straws can be converted on the spot to agron in field, promotes plant growth, greatly reduces the environmental pollution that agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry cause.

3) the present invention adopts the agricultural crop straw fermentative production agron of banking up, except solving the environmental pollution of agricultural crop straw, also improve the soil organism and soil fertility and organic matter, improved soil nodule structure, be conducive to agricultural sustainable development and Development of Organic Agriculture and the ecological agriculture, increase farmers' income.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the impact that the soil ulmin of rice straw making is produced wheat.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with example, the invention will be further described:

embodiment 1:

1. after rice straw results, straw powder is broken into the long stalk section of about 10cm;

2. by the amount of rice straw quality 10%, add feces of livestock and poultry, add water and make stalk section and feces of livestock and poultry completely drenched;

3. every 1000 kg water rice straws add 1 kg urea, 0.1 kilogram of manganese oxide, 0.08 kilogram of Resorcinol, 1.5 kilograms of phosphogypsums, mix thoroughly, and 3 meters, wide 1.5 meters, the haystack of high 1 meter of growing up of banking up, keeps haystack humidity 40%;

4. cover plastics film and make the sealing of haystack surrounding, once, spring and autumn turning in every 12 days once, is spread haystack out after 3-4 turning, shines 3 days under sunlight in turning in every 6 days of summer;

5. the soil ulmin after tanning by the sun, together with the residual body of paddy rice, applies farmland and makees base manure, Planting Crops.

embodiment 2:

1. after wheat stalk results, straw powder is broken into the long stalk section of 20cm;

2. by the amount of wheat stalk quality 20%, add feces of livestock and poultry, add water and make stalk section and feces of livestock and poultry completely drenched;

3. every 1000 kilograms of wheat stalks add 4 kilograms of 6 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums, 0.8 kilogram of manganese oxide, 0.1 kilogram of Resorcinol, phosphogypsums, thoroughly mix thoroughly, and 5 meters, wide 3 meters, the haystack of high 1.5 meters of growing up of banking up, keeps haystack humidity 50%;

4. cover plastics film and make the sealing of haystack surrounding, once, spring and autumn turning in every 12 days once, is taken off film after 3-4 turning, and haystack is spread out and tanned by the sun 4 days in turning in every 6 days of summer;

5. the residual body of the haystack of mixing thoroughly is applied to farmland together with soil ulmin again and make base manure, Planting Crops.

embodiment 3

1. when maize straw is gathered in the crops, straw powder is broken into the long stalk section of 25cm;

2. by the amount of maize straw quality 40%, add feces of livestock and poultry, add water and make stalk section and feces of livestock and poultry completely drenched;

3. every 1000 kg corn stalks add 4 kg urea, 1 kilogram of manganese oxide, 0.4 kilogram of Resorcinol, 10 kilograms of phosphogypsums, fully mix thoroughly, and 11 meters, wide 6 meters, the haystack of high 2 meters of growing up of banking up, keeps haystack humidity 55%;

4. cover plastics film and make the sealing of haystack surrounding, once, spring and autumn turning in every 12 days once, is taken off film after 3-4 turning, and haystack is spread out and tanned by the sun 4 days in left and right turning in every 6 days of summer;

application example of the present invention:

Plantation by the technology of the present invention for wheat, paddy rice, corn.

1, with reference to embodiment 2, after harvesting wheat, wheat stalk is processed after 40 days by the technology of the present invention together with feces of livestock and poultry, ammonium sulfate, manganese oxide, Resorcinol, phosphogypsum, apply farmland planting paddy rice, with the contrast field of not using this technology, compare, increasing production of rice 12%, the soil organism increases more than 14%, soil ulmin increases more than 18%;

2, with reference to embodiment 1, after rice harves, rice straw is processed after 40 days by the technology of the present invention together with feces of livestock and poultry, urea, manganese oxide, Resorcinol, phosphogypsum, apply farmland planting wheat, with the contrast field of not using this technology, compare, wheat increase yield 8%, the soil organism increases more than 25%, soil ulmin increases more than 12%; (accompanying drawing 1).

Claims

1. a method for crop straws for producing agron, is characterized in that production stage is: after wheat stalk results, straw powder is broken into the long stalk section of 20cm; Amount by wheat stalk quality 20% adds feces of livestock and poultry, adds water and makes stalk section and feces of livestock and poultry completely drenched; Every 1000 kilograms of wheat stalks add 4 kilograms of 6 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums, 0.8 kilogram of manganese oxide, 0.1 kilogram of Resorcinol, phosphogypsums, thoroughly mix thoroughly, and 5 meters, wide 3 meters, the haystack of high 1.5 meters of growing up of banking up, keeps haystack humidity 50%; Cover plastics film and make the sealing of haystack surrounding, once, spring and autumn turning in every 12 days once, is taken off film after 3-4 turning, and haystack is spread out and tanned by the sun 4 days in turning in every 6 days of summer; The residual body of the haystack of mixing thoroughly is applied to farmland together with soil ulmin again and make base manure, Planting Crops.