Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements. The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium and trace elements, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts of
A secondary element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Wherein the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts, preferably 60-80 parts, more preferably 70 parts;
a macroelement fertilizer: 10-20 parts, preferably 12-16 parts, more preferably 15 parts;
a secondary element fertilizer: 2-8 parts, preferably 4-6 parts, more preferably 5 parts;
trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts, preferably 2-4 parts, more preferably 3 parts;
compound amino acid: 1-5 parts, preferably 2-5 parts, more preferably 4 parts;
wetting penetrant: 2-6 parts, preferably 3-5 parts, more preferably 4 parts;
wherein,
the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably the filter mud is from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water to the fermentor and then heating the fermentor to 50-80 ℃, preferably 60-75 ℃, more preferably 70 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the fermentation bacteria agent is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5, preferably 130-160: 400-600: 2-4, and more preferably 150: 500: 3;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation broth at 50-80 deg.C, preferably 60-80 deg.C, more preferably 70 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, preferably 6-9 days, more preferably 8 days, while periodically stirring the fermentation broth, preferably once every 0.5 days;
4) then, standing the fermentation liquor at normal temperature for 5-10 hours, preferably 6-8 hours, more preferably 8 hours, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8, preferably 1/5-1/7, more preferably 1/6, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting pH of the concentrated liquid to 6-8, preferably pH to 7 to obtain filtrate sludge fermentation liquid;
the fermentation inoculum is selected from one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete; preferably, the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2; more preferably, the fermentation inoculant is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation inoculant to the nitrogen-fixing rhizobium is 1: 2: 1;
the macroelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate; preferably, the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1-2: 1-2; more preferably, the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1: 1;
the secondary element fertilizer is selected from one or more of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride; preferably, the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 1-3; more preferably, the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 2;
the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate; preferably, the trace element fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 1-3: 1-3; more preferably, the microelement fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 2: 1;
the wetting penetrant is selected from penetrant T, alkyl glycoside such as C8-C10Alkyl glycoside, C12-C14One or more of alkyl glycoside, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate; preferably, the wetting penetrant is penetrant T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrant T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1-2: 1-2; more preferably, the wetting penetrating agent is penetrating agent T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrating agent T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1: 2;
the filter mud fermentation liquor of the invention is obtained by fermentation under specific fermentation conditions, and the inventor surprisingly discovers that when the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements is applied to cucumber, the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 3 percent, preferably increased by 6 percent, compared with the cucumber without application; in addition, the cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 5%, preferably by 10%, relative to the cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
Preferably, in the invention, the compound fertilizer further comprises 0.05-0.5 weight part of thifluzamide, and the addition of thifluzamide can further increase the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves and increase cucumber yield. For example:
the invention also relates to a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium and trace elements, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts of
A macroelement fertilizer: 10-20 parts of
A secondary element fertilizer: 2-8 parts of
Trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Compound amino acid: 1-5 parts of
Wetting penetrant: 2-6 parts of
Thifluzamide: 0.05 to 0.5 portion
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably the filter mud is from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation inoculum is selected from one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete;
the macroelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate;
the secondary element fertilizer is selected from one or more of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride;
the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate;
the wetting penetrating agent is selected from one or more of penetrating agent T, alkyl glycoside, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate.
Preferably, the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 60 to 80 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 12 to 16 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 4 to 6 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 2-4 parts of
Compound amino acid: 2-5 parts of
Wetting penetrant: 3-5 parts of
Thifluzamide: 0.06 to 0.2 portion
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60-75 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 130-160: 400-600: 2-4;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 60-80 deg.C, fermenting for 6-9 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 6-8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/5-1/7 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2;
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the potassium nitrate is 1-2: 1-2;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 1-3;
the trace element fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer to the sodium molybdate is 1-3: 1-3;
the wetting penetrant is penetrant T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrant T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1-2: 1-2.
More preferably, the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing the filter mud and the medium and trace elements comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 70 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 15 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 5 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 3 portions of
Compound amino acid: 4 portions of
Wetting penetrant: 4 portions of
Thifluzamide: 0.08 portion of
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium with the weight ratio of 1: 2: 1;
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1: 1;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the secondary element fertilizer to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 2;
the microelement fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 2: 1;
the wetting penetrating agent is penetrating agent T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrating agent T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1: 2.
When applying the thifluzamide-containing humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements to cucumber, it has been surprisingly found that the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 5%, preferably 8% compared with the cucumber without applying; in addition, cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 8%, preferably by 15%, relative to cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a preparation method of the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing filter mud fermentation liquor: a. adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃; b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5; c. maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor; d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom; e. concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain the filter mud fermentation liquid. Wherein the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant; the fermentation inoculum is one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete;
2) sequentially adding a major element fertilizer, a medium element fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer, compound amino acid, a wetting penetrant and thifluzamide into filter mud fermentation liquor according to the formula amount;
3) stirring the filter mud fermentation liquid in the step 2) for 30min at the speed of 100-1000rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the preparation method of the filter mud fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60-75 ℃;
b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 130-160: 400-600: 2-4;
c. maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 60-80 deg.C, fermenting for 6-9 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 6-8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate;
e. concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/5-1/7 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2.
More preferably, the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the preparation method of the filter mud fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃;
b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3;
c. maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days;
d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
e. concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium with the weight ratio of 1: 2: 1.
Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of said fluid compound fertilizer for increasing the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves and/or increasing cucumber yield. When the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements is applied to cucumber, the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 3%, preferably 6% compared with the cucumber without the application; in addition, the cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 5%, preferably by 10%, relative to the cucumber without application. Preferably, when thifluzamide is additionally added, the chlorophyll content of the cucumber leaf can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 5%, preferably increased by 8% compared with that of the cucumber without the thifluzamide; in addition, cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 8%, preferably by 15%, relative to cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
In the present invention, the chlorophyll content was measured as described in "instructions for plant physiology experiments (second edition) published by the institute of Chen and university of southern China," in which the measured wavelengths were 663nm (chlorophyll a) and 645nm (chlorophyll b), respectively.
The various materials used in the present invention are commercially available or readily available. For example, the filter cake used in the present invention is derived from a sugar mill, alcohol mill, monosodium glutamate mill or yeast mill, such as a sugar cane mill; the macroelement fertilizer, the medium element fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer used in the invention are all sold in the market; the zymophyte agents used in the invention, such as aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida albicans, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirillum are all easily available on the market, such as those purchased from biological preparation factories of western beneficial microorganism yield increasing bacteria of Cangzhou city, biological technology limited of Jiangsu green department, red leaf biotechnology limited of Guangxi Guilin city, and the like, and the zymophyte agents can be bacterial powder or bacterial liquid, wherein the content of viable bacteria in the bacterial powder is 50-150 hundred million/g, and the content of viable bacteria in the bacterial liquid is 50-150 hundred million/ml; the wet penetrants are commercially available, and may be obtained, for example, from BASF, Rhodia, michael advanced materials ltd; the compound amino acid is commercially available, for example, from Zhengzhou Hekang chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd, Shandong Funongda chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd, etc.; the thifluzamide is a thifluzamide technical material or a preparation thereof, such as 25% thifluzamide wettable powder, 50% thifluzamide suspending agent and the like, and the preparation is commercially available.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the filter mud is subjected to liquid fermentation under specific conditions, so that the fermentation is more complete, the beneficial substances are more fully utilized, and the fermentation liquor can increase the chlorophyll content of plants and increase the yield of crops;
2. it has been found that the addition of a suitable fungicide, such as thifluzamide, to the above fluid compound fertilizer, allows to further increase the chlorophyll content of the plants, while further increasing the crop yield;
3. the invention mixes a plurality of nutrient substances necessary for plant growth, can reduce the fertilization times and simultaneously ensures sufficient nutrition required by plant growth.