CN103896660B - A kind of humic acid type fluid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer composition utilizing sugar refinery, grain distillery, Gourmet Powder Factory, yeast factory waste - Google Patents

A kind of humic acid type fluid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer composition utilizing sugar refinery, grain distillery, Gourmet Powder Factory, yeast factory waste Download PDF

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CN103896660B
CN103896660B CN201410030990.3A CN201410030990A CN103896660B CN 103896660 B CN103896660 B CN 103896660B CN 201410030990 A CN201410030990 A CN 201410030990A CN 103896660 B CN103896660 B CN 103896660B
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叶长东
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the humic acid type fluid Chemical Mixed Fertilizer comprising filter mud and medium trace element of a kind of sugar refinery, grain distillery, Gourmet Powder Factory, yeast factory waste, it comprises filter mud fermentation liquid, moderate-element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer etc.Preferably, also suitable sterilant such as thifluzamide is contained in described Chemical Mixed Fertilizer.Described Chemical Mixed Fertilizer can effectively increase cucumber leaves chlorophyll content, but also can increase cucumber yield.

Description

Humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer composition prepared from wastes of sugar refinery, alcohol plant, monosodium glutamate plant and yeast plant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium and trace elements by utilizing wastes of sugar factories, alcohol factories, monosodium glutamate factories and yeast factories.
Background
The filter mud is residue obtained after cane juice is clarified and filtered by a filter press or a vacuum suction filter in the cane sugar manufacturing process. In the industrial sugar manufacturing process (sulfurous acid method or carbonic acid method, etc.), a large amount of filter mud waste is generated, the filter mud contains rich organic matters such as cane sugar, crude fat, crude fiber, crude protein, etc., and a large amount of beneficial elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulfur, magnesium, zinc, sodium, manganese, etc., and the filter mud is very suitable for being developed into fertilizer.
At present, the conventional method is to stack the filter mud to allow it to be naturally fermented, or to mix the filter mud with fermenting microorganisms and then perform solid fermentation. For example, CN102746038A discloses a decomposed organic material fermented with sucrose sludge, comprising the following raw material components: the filter mud, the bagasse pith, the peanut bran, the unite bran, the wheat bran and the fungus powder are fermented to prepare the peanut bran-wheat bran-mushroom powder. CN102924133A discloses a method for producing microbial inoculum by fermenting filter mud of a sugar refinery, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing fresh filter mud of a squeezing workshop of the sugar refinery, humic acid weathered coal and dry straw ash to control the water content to be about 50%, adding a Megaku EM third-generation microbial inoculum (the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/ml) into the mixture of 1 ton, uniformly stirring and fermenting. CN101618982 discloses a method for producing a high-efficiency compound biological fertilizer by fermenting sucrose filter mud with microorganisms and adding a proper amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, when preparing the compound biological fertilizer, thalli of the compound biological fertilizer are placed into organic matters mainly comprising the sucrose filter mud for heap decay and glycolysis. CN 1055351A method for preparing fertilizer from filtered mud of cane sugar factory, wherein one or more conditioners capable of changing the physical properties of the wet filtered mud are directly added into the wet filtered mud without drying treatment, the PH is controlled, and the organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer in powder or granule form is prepared after stirring, mixing and reacting and optionally stacking treatment. CN103288522 discloses a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for sugarcane produced by using filter mud of a sugar refinery, which comprises urea, calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride and dry filter mud; wherein the filter mud is decomposed by adopting a stacking natural fermentation method.
However, since the water content of the fresh filter mud is large, usually 60 to 70%, the fresh filter mud can be crushed and fermented only by drying or naturally airing, wherein the energy consumption is large in the drying process, and the naturally airing requires a large field and is time-consuming; most importantly, the solid fermentation is not easy to mix the filter mud and the fermentation microorganisms uniformly, and the incomplete fermentation phenomenon can be caused once the mixture is not uniform, so that the fertilizer efficiency is influenced.
After long-time groping and testing, the inventor tries to carry out liquid fermentation on the filter mud, and uses the fermentation liquor in agricultural production. In the experimental process, surprisingly, the filter mud liquid fermentation liquor is matched with other nutrient elements, such as major elements, secondary elements, trace elements and the like, so that the chlorophyll content of crop leaves can be remarkably increased, and the yield of crops can be increased. And when the fermentation liquor is mixed with a proper bactericide, the effect is more obvious. The present inventors have completed the present invention, precisely because of the above findings.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements. The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium and trace elements, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts of
A secondary element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Wherein the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts, preferably 60-80 parts, more preferably 70 parts;
a macroelement fertilizer: 10-20 parts, preferably 12-16 parts, more preferably 15 parts;
a secondary element fertilizer: 2-8 parts, preferably 4-6 parts, more preferably 5 parts;
trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts, preferably 2-4 parts, more preferably 3 parts;
compound amino acid: 1-5 parts, preferably 2-5 parts, more preferably 4 parts;
wetting penetrant: 2-6 parts, preferably 3-5 parts, more preferably 4 parts;
wherein,
the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably the filter mud is from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water to the fermentor and then heating the fermentor to 50-80 ℃, preferably 60-75 ℃, more preferably 70 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the fermentation bacteria agent is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5, preferably 130-160: 400-600: 2-4, and more preferably 150: 500: 3;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation broth at 50-80 deg.C, preferably 60-80 deg.C, more preferably 70 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, preferably 6-9 days, more preferably 8 days, while periodically stirring the fermentation broth, preferably once every 0.5 days;
4) then, standing the fermentation liquor at normal temperature for 5-10 hours, preferably 6-8 hours, more preferably 8 hours, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8, preferably 1/5-1/7, more preferably 1/6, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting pH of the concentrated liquid to 6-8, preferably pH to 7 to obtain filtrate sludge fermentation liquid;
the fermentation inoculum is selected from one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete; preferably, the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2; more preferably, the fermentation inoculant is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation inoculant to the nitrogen-fixing rhizobium is 1: 2: 1;
the macroelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate; preferably, the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1-2: 1-2; more preferably, the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1: 1;
the secondary element fertilizer is selected from one or more of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride; preferably, the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 1-3; more preferably, the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 2;
the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate; preferably, the trace element fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 1-3: 1-3; more preferably, the microelement fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 2: 1;
the wetting penetrant is selected from penetrant T, alkyl glycoside such as C8-C10Alkyl glycoside, C12-C14One or more of alkyl glycoside, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate; preferably, the wetting penetrant is penetrant T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrant T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1-2: 1-2; more preferably, the wetting penetrating agent is penetrating agent T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrating agent T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1: 2;
the filter mud fermentation liquor of the invention is obtained by fermentation under specific fermentation conditions, and the inventor surprisingly discovers that when the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements is applied to cucumber, the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 3 percent, preferably increased by 6 percent, compared with the cucumber without application; in addition, the cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 5%, preferably by 10%, relative to the cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
Preferably, in the invention, the compound fertilizer further comprises 0.05-0.5 weight part of thifluzamide, and the addition of thifluzamide can further increase the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves and increase cucumber yield. For example:
the invention also relates to a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium and trace elements, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 50-100 parts of
A macroelement fertilizer: 10-20 parts of
A secondary element fertilizer: 2-8 parts of
Trace element fertilizer: 1-5 parts of
Compound amino acid: 1-5 parts of
Wetting penetrant: 2-6 parts of
Thifluzamide: 0.05 to 0.5 portion
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably the filter mud is from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation inoculum is selected from one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete;
the macroelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate;
the secondary element fertilizer is selected from one or more of calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride;
the microelement fertilizer is selected from one or more of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, copper sulfate, ammonium molybdate and sodium molybdate;
the wetting penetrating agent is selected from one or more of penetrating agent T, alkyl glycoside, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate.
Preferably, the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 60 to 80 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 12 to 16 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 4 to 6 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 2-4 parts of
Compound amino acid: 2-5 parts of
Wetting penetrant: 3-5 parts of
Thifluzamide: 0.06 to 0.2 portion
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60-75 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 130-160: 400-600: 2-4;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 60-80 deg.C, fermenting for 6-9 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 6-8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate;
5) concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/5-1/7 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2;
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the potassium nitrate is 1-2: 1-2;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 1-3;
the trace element fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer to the sodium molybdate is 1-3: 1-3;
the wetting penetrant is penetrant T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrant T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1-2: 1-2.
More preferably, the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing the filter mud and the medium and trace elements comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 70 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 15 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 5 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 3 portions of
Compound amino acid: 4 portions of
Wetting penetrant: 4 portions of
Thifluzamide: 0.08 portion of
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium with the weight ratio of 1: 2: 1;
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1: 1;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the secondary element fertilizer to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 2;
the microelement fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 2: 1;
the wetting penetrating agent is penetrating agent T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrating agent T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1: 2.
When applying the thifluzamide-containing humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements to cucumber, it has been surprisingly found that the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 5%, preferably 8% compared with the cucumber without applying; in addition, cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 8%, preferably by 15%, relative to cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a preparation method of the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing filter mud fermentation liquor: a. adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 50-80 ℃; b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 100-200: 300-800: 0.5-5; c. maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 50-80 deg.C, fermenting for 5-10 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor; d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 5-10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom; e. concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/4-1/8 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 6-8 to obtain the filter mud fermentation liquid. Wherein the filter mud is from a sugar refinery, an alcohol plant, a monosodium glutamate plant or a yeast plant, preferably from a sugar refinery or an alcohol plant; the fermentation inoculum is one or more of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida tropicalis, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirochete;
2) sequentially adding a major element fertilizer, a medium element fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer, compound amino acid, a wetting penetrant and thifluzamide into filter mud fermentation liquor according to the formula amount;
3) stirring the filter mud fermentation liquid in the step 2) for 30min at the speed of 100-1000rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the preparation method of the filter mud fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into a fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60-75 ℃;
b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud to the water to the fermentation inoculant is controlled to be 130-160: 400-600: 2-4;
c. maintaining the temperature of the fermentation liquor at 60-80 deg.C, fermenting for 6-9 days, and periodically stirring the fermentation liquor;
d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 6-8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate;
e. concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 60-80 ℃, concentrating until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/5-1/7 of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1-2: 1-3: 1-2.
More preferably, the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the preparation method of the filter mud fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
a. adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃;
b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3;
c. maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days;
d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
e. concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium with the weight ratio of 1: 2: 1.
Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of said fluid compound fertilizer for increasing the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves and/or increasing cucumber yield. When the humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements is applied to cucumber, the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 3%, preferably 6% compared with the cucumber without the application; in addition, the cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 5%, preferably by 10%, relative to the cucumber without application. Preferably, when thifluzamide is additionally added, the chlorophyll content of the cucumber leaf can be obviously increased, for example, increased by 5%, preferably increased by 8% compared with that of the cucumber without the thifluzamide; in addition, cucumber yield can be increased, for example by 8%, preferably by 15%, relative to cucumber without application.
The application method of the compound fertilizer can be applied in the growth period of cucumbers, such as the growth period of the cucumbers, preferably the period from the initial flowering period to the late cucumber-bearing period, by adding water and spraying, wherein the water is diluted by 2-10 times. The whole growing season may be applied one or more times, preferably 1 to 3 times, more preferably 2 to 3 times.
In the present invention, the chlorophyll content was measured as described in "instructions for plant physiology experiments (second edition) published by the institute of Chen and university of southern China," in which the measured wavelengths were 663nm (chlorophyll a) and 645nm (chlorophyll b), respectively.
The various materials used in the present invention are commercially available or readily available. For example, the filter cake used in the present invention is derived from a sugar mill, alcohol mill, monosodium glutamate mill or yeast mill, such as a sugar cane mill; the macroelement fertilizer, the medium element fertilizer and the trace element fertilizer used in the invention are all sold in the market; the zymophyte agents used in the invention, such as aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, candida albicans, nitrogen-fixing rhizobium and nitrogen-fixing spirillum are all easily available on the market, such as those purchased from biological preparation factories of western beneficial microorganism yield increasing bacteria of Cangzhou city, biological technology limited of Jiangsu green department, red leaf biotechnology limited of Guangxi Guilin city, and the like, and the zymophyte agents can be bacterial powder or bacterial liquid, wherein the content of viable bacteria in the bacterial powder is 50-150 hundred million/g, and the content of viable bacteria in the bacterial liquid is 50-150 hundred million/ml; the wet penetrants are commercially available, and may be obtained, for example, from BASF, Rhodia, michael advanced materials ltd; the compound amino acid is commercially available, for example, from Zhengzhou Hekang chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd, Shandong Funongda chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd, etc.; the thifluzamide is a thifluzamide technical material or a preparation thereof, such as 25% thifluzamide wettable powder, 50% thifluzamide suspending agent and the like, and the preparation is commercially available.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the filter mud is subjected to liquid fermentation under specific conditions, so that the fermentation is more complete, the beneficial substances are more fully utilized, and the fermentation liquor can increase the chlorophyll content of plants and increase the yield of crops;
2. it has been found that the addition of a suitable fungicide, such as thifluzamide, to the above fluid compound fertilizer, allows to further increase the chlorophyll content of the plants, while further increasing the crop yield;
3. the invention mixes a plurality of nutrient substances necessary for plant growth, can reduce the fertilization times and simultaneously ensures sufficient nutrition required by plant growth.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following is further illustrated by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
300kg of fresh filter mud of a cane sugar factory and 6kg of zymophyte powder (wherein 2kg of each of Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium respectively is weighed for later use, and the content of viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g).
Cleaning a fermentation tank, adding 1000kg of water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃; then, adding weighed fresh filter mud and zymophyte powder into the fermentation tank in sequence, and stirring uniformly; the mash was then fermented, wherein the temperature of the fermented broth was maintained at 70 ℃ for 8 days with stirring every 0.5 days.
After fermentation, standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate; and concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 70 ℃ to about 150kg, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated solution to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated solution to 7 to obtain about 150kg of filter mud fermentation liquid.
70kg of the filter mud fermentation liquor is weighed, and 5kg of ammonium nitrate, 5kg of monopotassium phosphate, 5kg of potassium nitrate, 1.67kg of calcium sulfate, 3.33kg of magnesium sulfate, 1.5kg of zinc sulfate, 0.75kg of manganese sulfate, 0.75kg of sodium molybdate, 4kg of compound amino acid, 1kg kg of penetrating agent T, 1kg of trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and 2kg of oleoyl methyl sodium taurate are added while stirring. And then, continuously stirring the fermentation liquor for 30min at 150rpm to uniformly mix the fermentation liquor and the fermentation liquor to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Example 2
200kg of fresh filter mud of a beet sugar factory and 4kg of zymophyte powder (wherein 2kg of candida tropicalis and 2kg of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium are respectively weighed, and the content of viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g) are weighed for later use.
Cleaning a fermentation tank, adding 700kg of water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60 ℃; then, adding weighed fresh filter mud and zymophyte powder into the fermentation tank in sequence, and stirring uniformly; the sludge was then fermented, wherein the temperature of the fermented broth was raised to 75 ℃ for 10 days with stirring every 0.5 days.
After fermentation, standing the fermentation liquor for 10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate; and concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 80 ℃ to about 120kg, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated solution to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated solution to 7 to obtain about 120kg of filter mud fermentation liquid.
Weighing 100kg of the filter mud fermentation liquor, and then adding 6kg of urea, 10kg of phosphorus potassium chloride, 4kg of calcium sulfate, 4kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of zinc chloride, 2kg of ammonium molybdate, 5kg of compound amino acid, penetrant T2kg and C while stirring8-C104kg of alkyl glycoside. And then, continuously stirring the fermentation liquor for 30min at 150rpm to uniformly mix the fermentation liquor and the fermentation liquor to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Example 3
300kg of fresh filter mud of a cane sugar factory and 6kg of zymophyte powder (wherein 2kg of each of Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium respectively is weighed for later use, and the content of viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g).
Cleaning a fermentation tank, adding 1000kg of water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃; then, adding weighed fresh filter mud and zymophyte powder into the fermentation tank in sequence, and stirring uniformly; the mash was then fermented, wherein the temperature of the fermented broth was maintained at 70 ℃ for 8 days with stirring every 0.5 days.
After fermentation, standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate; and concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 70 ℃ until the weight of the fermentation liquid is 1/6 which is about 150kg of the initial weight of the collected fermentation liquid, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to the normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain about 150kg of filter mud fermentation liquid.
70kg of the filter mud fermentation liquor is weighed, and 5kg of ammonium nitrate, 5kg of monopotassium phosphate, 5kg of potassium nitrate, 1.67kg of calcium sulfate, 3.33kg of magnesium sulfate, 1.5kg of zinc sulfate, 0.75kg of manganese sulfate, 0.75kg of sodium molybdate, 4kg of compound amino acid, 1kg of penetrant T, 1kg of trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether, 2kg of oleoyl methyl taurate and 320g of 25% thifluzamide wettable powder (which is 80g of active ingredient of thifluzamide) are added while stirring. And then, continuously stirring the fermentation liquor for 30min at 150rpm to uniformly mix the fermentation liquor and the fermentation liquor to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Example 4
200kg of fresh filter mud of a beet sugar factory and 4kg of zymophyte powder (wherein 2kg of candida tropicalis and 2kg of nitrogen-fixing rhizobium are respectively weighed, and the content of viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g) are weighed for later use.
Cleaning a fermentation tank, adding 700kg of water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 60 ℃; then, adding weighed fresh filter mud and zymophyte powder into the fermentation tank in sequence, and stirring uniformly; the sludge was then fermented, wherein the temperature of the fermented broth was raised to 75 ℃ for 10 days with stirring every 0.5 days.
After fermentation, standing the fermentation liquor for 10 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the bottom precipitate; and concentrating the obtained fermentation liquid at 80 ℃ to about 120kg, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated solution to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated solution to 7 to obtain about 120kg of filter mud fermentation liquid.
Weighing 100kg of the filter mud fermentation liquor, and then adding 6kg of urea, 10kg of phosphorus potassium chloride, 4kg of calcium sulfate, 4kg of magnesium chloride, 2kg of zinc chloride, 2kg of ammonium molybdate, 5kg of compound amino acid, penetrant T2kg and C while stirring8-C104kg of alkyl glycoside and 240g of 50% thifluzamide suspension (120 g of thifluzamide as active ingredient). And then, continuously stirring the fermentation liquor for 30min at 150rpm to uniformly mix the fermentation liquor and the fermentation liquor to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Weighing 500kg of water, adding 200kg of fresh filter mud of a cane sugar factory into the water, stirring the mixture for 30min, standing the mixture for 8 hours, removing precipitates, concentrating the supernatant at 80 ℃ to obtain about 110kg of concentrated solution, cooling the concentrated solution to the normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated solution to 7. Then, 20kg of ammonium nitrate and 7kg of magnesium nitrate were added thereto. And (4) after the addition is finished, continuously stirring for 30min at 150rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain a control fluid fertilizer, wherein the filter mud is not fermented.
Test example 1 cucumber yield comparison
Selecting a flat open field, dividing the field into 6 cells in total of 1-6, watering, spreading base fertilizer, turning over, and planting cucumber (variety: Lu cucumber No. 8). For each cell, the product of the invention corresponding to table 1 and the comparative product and clear water control are respectively sprayed on each cell 10 days after the initial flowering phase and in the full bearing period of the cucumbers, and the product is sprayed twice in the whole growing season of the cucumbers, wherein the dosage of the product of the invention and the comparative product is 20kg in each spraying, and the dilution multiple is 4 times. And (4) counting the cucumber yield of each cell after harvesting, and comparing.
TABLE 1 comparison of cucumber yields for each treatment
Cell numbering Treatment of Dilution factor Reduced acre yield (kg)
1 Example 1 product 4 6200
2 EXAMPLE 2 product 4 6110
3 EXAMPLE 3 product 4 6220
4 EXAMPLE 4 product 4 6150
5 Comparative example 1 product 4 5850
6 Clear water control - 5500
As can be seen from the above data, the yield of the product of the present invention is significantly increased compared to the control products and the clear water control, for example, the yields per mu when the products of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention are applied are 6200kg, 6110kg, 6220kg and 6150kg, respectively, whereas the yield per mu when the product of comparative example 1 is applied is only 5850 and the yield per mu of the clear water control is 5500 kg. Further, it can be seen from the above data that when the product of the present invention further comprises a bactericide such as thifluzamide, cucumber production can be increased to some extent, for example, 20kg is increased when the product of example 3 is applied, and 40kg is increased when the product of example 4 is applied, compared to the product of example 2. That is, the cucumber yield can be further increased when thifluzamide is added.
Test example 2 chlorophyll content measurement
For each treatment in test example 1, 5 leaves of cucumber leaves in each cell were collected by a multipoint sampling method, and healthy leaves at the middle and upper parts of plants were mainly collected 10 days after the second spraying of the fluid fertilizer. Then, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were measured at 663nm and at 645nm, respectively, as measured by the method described in "instructions for plant physiology experiments (second edition) published by the university of southern China, published by Chenjian, and the total content of chlorophyll in leaves was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 comparison of chlorophyll content of the treatments
Cell numbering Treatment of Chlorophyll content (mg/g FW)
1 Example 1 product 2.35
2 EXAMPLE 2 product 2.32
3 EXAMPLE 3 product 2.57
4 EXAMPLE 4 product 2.52
5 Comparative example 1 product 2.05
6 Clear water control 1.94
It can be seen from the above data that the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves is significantly increased after application of the product according to the invention compared to the comparative product and the clear water control, e.g. the chlorophyll content is 2.35, 2.32, 2.57 and 2.52mg/g when the products according to examples 1-4 are applied, respectively, whereas the chlorophyll content is only 2.05mg/g when the product according to comparative example 1 is applied and only slightly higher than the clear water control 1.94 mg/g. Further, when the product of the invention further comprises the bactericide thifluzamide, the chlorophyll content of the leaf can be further increased, for example, the chlorophyll content of the leaf is 2.57mg/g when the product of example 3 is applied, which is obviously higher than 2.35mg/g of the product of example 1; the chlorophyll content of the leaves when the product of example 4 was administered was 2.52mg/g, significantly higher than 2.32mg/g of the product of example 2. That is, the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves can be further increased by adding thifluzamide.
The above examples are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the present invention, and the solution obtained by simple modification of the above solution is also within the scope of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. A humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 60 to 80 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 12 to 16 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 4 to 6 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 2-4 parts of
Compound amino acid: 2-5 parts of
Wetting penetrant: 3-5 parts of
Thifluzamide: 0.06 to 0.2 portion
Wherein,
the filter mud is from a cane sugar factory, and the filter mud fermentation liquor is obtained by the following method:
1) adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃;
2) then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3;
3) maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days;
4) then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom;
5) concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid;
the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium with the weight ratio of 1: 2: 1;
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the potassium nitrate is 1-2: 1-2;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the calcium sulfate to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 1-3;
the trace element fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the trace element fertilizer to the sodium molybdate is 1-3: 1-3;
the wetting penetrant is penetrant T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrant T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1-2: 1-2.
2. The humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) filter mud fermentation liquor: 70 portions of
A macroelement fertilizer: 15 portions of
A secondary element fertilizer: 5 portions of
Trace element fertilizer: 3 portions of
Compound amino acid: 4 portions of
Wetting penetrant: 4 portions of
Thifluzamide: 0.08 portion of
Wherein,
the macroelement fertilizer is ammonium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium nitrate, and the weight ratio of the macroelement fertilizer to the monopotassium phosphate to the potassium nitrate is 1: 1;
the secondary element fertilizer is calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of the secondary element fertilizer to the magnesium sulfate is 1: 2;
the microelement fertilizer is zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sodium molybdate, and the weight ratio of the microelement fertilizer to the manganese sulfate is 2: 1;
the wetting penetrating agent is penetrating agent T, trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether and oleoyl methyl sodium taurate, and the weight ratio of the penetrating agent T to the trisiloxane polyoxyethylene ether to the oleoyl methyl sodium taurate is 1: 2.
3. A process for the preparation of a humic acid type fluid compound fertilizer containing filter mud and medium trace elements as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein:
1) preparing filter mud fermentation liquor: a. adding water into the fermentation tank, and then heating the fermentation tank to 70 ℃; b. then, sequentially adding fresh filter mud and a fermentation microbial inoculum into the fermentation tank, and uniformly stirring; wherein the weight ratio of the filter mud, the water and the zymophyte agent is controlled to be 150: 500: 3; c. maintaining the temperature of the fermented liquid at 70 deg.C, fermenting for 8 days, and stirring once every 0.5 days; d. then standing the fermentation liquor for 8 hours at normal temperature, collecting the fermentation liquor, and discarding the sediment at the bottom; e. concentrating the obtained fermented liquid at 70 ℃, concentrating until 1/6 of the initial weight of the collected fermented liquid is obtained, stopping concentrating, cooling the concentrated liquid to normal temperature, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated liquid to 7 to obtain filter mud fermentation liquid; wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is Aspergillus niger, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, and the weight ratio of the fermentation microbial inoculum is 1: 2: 1;
2) sequentially adding a major element fertilizer, a medium element fertilizer, a trace element fertilizer, compound amino acid, a wetting penetrant and thifluzamide into filter mud fermentation liquor according to the formula amount;
3) stirring the filter mud fermentation liquid in the step 2) for 30min at the speed of 100-1000rpm, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fluid compound fertilizer.
4. Use of a compound fluid fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 for increasing chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves.
5. Use of the fluid compound fertilizer prepared according to the method of claim 3 for increasing chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves.
6. The use according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the compound fertilizer is used by mixing with water and spraying, and the dilution ratio is 2-10 times; the application period is the growth period of the cucumber; the spraying times are 1-3 times in the whole growing season.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the application period is preferably spray from the early flowering to the late fruiting period of cucumbers; the spraying times are preferably 2-3 times in the whole growing season.
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