CN106748341A - Potato microbial bacterial manure special and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Potato microbial bacterial manure special and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106748341A CN106748341A CN201710178606.8A CN201710178606A CN106748341A CN 106748341 A CN106748341 A CN 106748341A CN 201710178606 A CN201710178606 A CN 201710178606A CN 106748341 A CN106748341 A CN 106748341A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The present invention gives a kind of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, contain following raw materials：Potassium sulfate, MAP, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium sulfate, Boratex, copper sulphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, cottonseed meal, straw decomposing material, charcoal, corn starch sugar dreg, animal manure；Base fertilizer solution is obtained in being added water after the mixing in proportion of above-mentioned raw materials；Base fertilizer solution ferments during greenhouse is stacked at after being well mixed with complex micro organism fungicide, then stacks 34 days, obtains potato microbial bacterial manure special.The present invention gives the potato microbial bacterial manure special that a kind of preparation method using above-mentioned potato microbial bacterial manure special is obtained, N in the potato microbial bacterial manure special：8, P2O5：4, K2O：12 total nutrient >=24%, potato microbial bacterial manure special can effectively lift resistance against diseases by testing proof, make its tuber growth vigorous, excellent product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of potato crop fertilizer, more particularly to a kind of potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The invention further relates to a kind of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special.
Background technology
Potato, also known as potato, Solanaceae Solanum, herbaceos perennial, but make annual cultivation, its main Ministry of Economic Affaris
Position is stem tuber.Therefore potato fertilization focus on promote stem tuber expand with growth, so the time of potato fertilization with
Cycle is particularly important, should play the yield increase effect to potato after applying fertilizer, and the various active ingredients in potato inside are ensured again
Content, improve yield and quality, accomplish effective utilization of fertilizer.
Potato belongs to high yield happiness potassium crop, and it is N that breeding time needs nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer ratio:P2O5：K2O=2:1:4, i.e. Ma Ling
Potato to potash fertilizer the need for be 2 times of nitrogenous fertilizer.Denitrogenate, outside phosphorus, potassium, the trace element such as calcium, boron, copper, magnesium is also potato raw long hair
Educate institute it is required, especially to calcium constituent the need for equivalent to the 1/4 of potassium.
Each growthdevelopmental stage of potato, the type and quantity of needed nutrient matter are different.From germination to Seedling Stage, due to
Containing abundant nutrition in stem tuber, so absorption nutrient is less, 25% of the time of infertility or so is accounted for.Tuber initiation stage is to stem tuber
Expanding stage, quickly forming and expand due to cauline leaf raised growth and stem tuber, so absorbing nutrient at most, accounts for the time of infertility
More than 50%.The starch accumulation phase absorbs nutrients loss, accounts for 25% of the time of infertility or so.Each breeding time absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Situation is to need nitrogen more in seedling stage, and mid-term needs potassium more, and whole growth period needs phosphorus less.
With reference to potato overground part, underground part growth characteristic and uptake characters, potato fertilization technology should follow to apply agriculture
Based on family's fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, the principle based on base manure, suitably topdressed.
In recent years, China's potato yield and quality are increased substantially, and wherein fertilizer formula is improved and fertilizer practice
Renewal serves irreplaceable effect, and microorganism disease-resistant organic fertilizer is improved to improved soil physicochemical property, balanced soil nutrient
Utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes potato growth, and the yield and quality for improving potato plays an important role.Liu Donghai etc. is inquired into《Horse
Bell potato special fertilizer effect test》Result shows, is generally improved using the content of starch of potato special fertilizer, with the increasing of usage amount
Plus potato yield, the output value are improved constantly.Liu Quangui etc. is inquired into《Research of the different micro- fertilizer in potato application effect》As a result table
The micro- fertilizer of bright difference is to potato yield, yield traits, the influence grown etc..The bright patents of invention of He Yi《A kind of efficient horse
Bell potato special fertilizer formula》Formula is provided, according to the growth characteristics of potato, different fertilizer is applied by different times, can be with
Avoid early stage potato set excessive growth, nutrient loss, later stage fertilizer deficiency, plant early ageing, so as to significantly improve the yield and matter of potato
Amount.The present invention provides formula has nutrient balanced, and disease-resistant, fertilizer efficiency is long, improved soil microbial environment, reduces pollution.
Potato can provide comprehensive nutrition as food, can improve energy security, peasant programme be helped, in agricultural
With great role is played in rural economy, therefore suffer from the attention of every country.The ecology of potato, safety, high yield, high-quality are high
The key for imitating cultivation is potato Nutrient Absorption and soil nutrient supply.Development of Potato Industry is subject to fertilizer practice to fall behind, disease
The weak fertilizer consciousness of the restriction of the problems such as evil preventing and treating, the especially backward problem of fertilizer practice and peasant household.Therefore, potato is improved
Fertilizer has seemed more important.
Do not have a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer with disease-resistant performance and increase fertilizer efficiency being applied in potato planting at present,
A kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer being applied in potato planting of invention is needed, increases soil fertility, disease-resistant performance is good, improve potato
Yield and quality.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of potato microbial bacterial manure special, and the potato is special micro-
Bio-bacterial manure can improve soil fertility, make potato volume increase and the effectively preventing disease of potato, improve potato
The potato microbial bacterial manure special of resistance against diseases.
The technical problem also to be solved of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, institute
State the raw material that potato microbial bacterial manure special contains following weight parts：
Inorganic fertilizer raw material includes：
Potassium sulfate 24-26 parts, MAP 9-10 parts, urea 9-10 parts, ammonium sulfate 4-6 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 9-10 parts；
Calcium sulfate 2.9-3.1 parts, Boratex 1.9-2.1 parts, copper sulphate 0.9-1.1 parts, magnesium sulfate 0.9-1.1 parts, sulfuric acid
It is ferrous 0.9-1.1 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.3-0.5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.5 parts；
Organic fertilizer raw material includes：
Cottonseed meal 4-6 parts, 24-26 parts of straw decomposing material, charcoal 9-10 parts, corn starch sugar dreg 8-9 parts, animal manure
8.5-8.7 parts；
Complex micro organism fungicide：2.5 parts；
Described complex micro organism fungicide includes unwrapping wire bacteria agent, yeast bacteria agent and bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, puts
Line bacterium, saccharomycete and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are individually inoculated with, through fluid nutrient medium Amplification Culture after, by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：
Yeast bacteria agent：The mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is 5：3：2 ratio mixes, dries, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide；
The step of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, is as follows：
After inorganic fertilizer raw material and organic fertilizer raw material are well mixed in above-mentioned ratio plus in 80 parts of water, base fertilizer is mixed to obtain
Solution, then be well mixed with 2.5 parts of complex micro organism fungicides, obtain mixed fertilizer；
Mixed fertilizer is stacked in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and is fermented 2-3 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacked 3-4 days, obtain potato special
Use microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Preferably animal manure in organic fertilizer is cow dung and the mixture of pig manure as of the invention, described cow dung it is aqueous
It is 4-8% to measure, and the water content of pig manure is 6-10%, and described cow dung and the weight ratio of pig manure are 1：1.
As it is of the invention preferably, in organic fertilizer the fineness of corn starch sugar dreg be 40 mesh.
Actinomyces bacterial preparation process is in the present invention：
Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, and fermentation medium is：
Fermentation medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch 1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder
2.1% (m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast
Leaching powder 0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0% (m/v), (m/ of bubble enemy 0.06%
V), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0；
Fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200-500rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 7.0,
Stir culture 10 days, viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtain zymotic fluid add flocculant, after the completion of use centrifuge
Bacterium mud is obtained, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves
Obtain bacterium powder.
Heretofore described flocculant is diatomite.
The diatomaceous consumption of flocculant meets 0.35-0.45g/L.
Saccharomycete bacterial preparation process is in the present invention：
Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract 1% (m/v), peptone
2% (m/v), glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1:
0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, and stir culture 3d contains viable bacteria
Amount reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
The preparation method of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is in the present invention：
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Cornstarch 0.6%
(m/v), dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), urea 0.3% (m/v), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v),
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), manganese sulfate 0.01% (m/v), fermented and cultured based sols it is initial
PH is 7.0；
Fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH
Value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite simultaneously
It is put into centrifuge high speed and obtains bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into powder
Crushed in broken machine, cross 30 mesh sieves and obtain bacterium powder.
The potato microbial bacterial manure special produced using the method, nutritional ingredient is balanced, and rich in various trace elements,
Absorbed for a long time for potato raw by the sustainable nutrient that provides of the microorganism species for adding.And the microorganism in the present invention
Microbial inoculum is employed actinomyces and is combined with bacillus amyloliquefaciens, saccharomycete with suppression by the antibiosis class material that its own is produced
The effect of increasing soil fertility of other harmful bacterias.The composite bacterial fertilizer for adding the microbial bacterial agent is directly applied to potato root system week
Enclose, degradable N P and K is small-molecule substance, is beneficial to root system and preferably absorbs, and the effectively Tiny ecosystem of improved soil
Environment, by suppressing harmful bacteria, can also reduce the incidence of insect disease of potato.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention also offers a kind of potato microbial bacterial manure special, using above-mentioned
The potato microbial bacterial manure special that the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special is obtained.
N in the potato microbial bacterial manure special：8, P2O5：4, K2O：12 total nutrient >=24%, potato special microorganism
Bacterial manure can effectively lift resistance against diseases by testing proof, make its tuber growth vigorous, excellent product quality, improve yield.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
The preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, including following steps：
By 24 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 9 parts of MAP, 9 parts of urea, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
2.9 parts of calcium sulfate, 1.9 parts of Boratex, 0.9 part of copper sulphate, 0.9 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.9 part of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.3 part, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate；
4 parts of cottonseed meal, 24 parts of straw decomposing material, 9 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.5 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution；
It is well mixed with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, by mixed fertilizer heap
It is put in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and ferments 2 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacks 3 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The preparation method of wherein complex micro organism fungicide is as follows：
(1) preparation of single microorganism microbial inoculum：
It is prepared by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank
In, fermentation medium is：Fermentation medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch
1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder 2.1% (m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptose
Peptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast extract 0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0%
(m/v), bubble enemy 0.06% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, stirring
Revolution 200-500rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 7.0, stir culture 10 days, and viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/
Ml, obtains obtaining bacterium mud using centrifuge after the completion of zymotic fluid adds diatomite flocculation, and 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to containing
Water 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder；
The diatomaceous consumption of flocculant meets 0.35g/L.
It is prepared by yeast bacteria agent：Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract
1% (m/v), peptone 2% (m/v) glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：It is logical
Gas ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, stir culture
3d, makes viable bacteria content reach 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, bacterium mud 40 using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder for DEG C forced air drying.
The preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, is sent out
Ferment culture medium is：Cornstarch 0.6% (m/v), dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), (m/ of urea 0.3%
V), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v), potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), (m/ of manganese sulfate 0.01%
V), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/
Ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite and be put into centrifuge high speed acquisition bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-
35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
(2) prepared by complex micro organism fungicide：
Single microbial inoculum obtained above is pressed into actinomyces：Saccharomycete：The mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is 5:3:2
Ratio mixing, obtain complex micro organism fungicide.
Animal manure is the mixture of cow dung and pig manure, and the water content of described cow dung is 4-8%, and the water content of pig manure is 6-
10%, described cow dung and the weight ratio of pig manure are 1：1.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of potato special fertilizer, including following steps：
By 24 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 9 parts of MAP, 9 parts of urea, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
2.9 parts of calcium sulfate, 1.9 parts of Boratex, 0.9 part of copper sulphate, 0.9 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.9 part of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.3 part, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate；
4 parts of cottonseed meal, 24 parts of straw decomposing material, 9 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.5 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution；
It is well mixed with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, by mixed fertilizer heap
It is put in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and ferments 2 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacks 3 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
Complex micro organism fungicide includes unwrapping wire bacteria agent and saccharomycete, and the mass ratio of unwrapping wire bacteria agent and saccharomycete is 6:4；
Both preparation methods are with embodiment 1；The total amount phase of three kinds of complex micro organism fungicides in both addition total amount and embodiment 1
Together.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of potato special fertilizer, including following steps：
By 24 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 9 parts of MAP, 9 parts of urea, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
2.9 parts of calcium sulfate, 1.9 parts of Boratex, 0.9 part of copper sulphate, 0.9 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.9 part of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.3 part, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate；
4 parts of cottonseed meal, 24 parts of straw decomposing material, 9 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.5 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution；
It is well mixed with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, by mixed fertilizer heap
It is put in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and ferments 2 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacks 3 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows：
It is prepared by bacillus subtilis microbial agent：Hay bacillus strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：
Starch 0.6% (m/v), yeast extract 0.04% (m/v), dregs of beans 0.5% (m/v), urea 0.3% (m/v), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
0.5% (m/v), potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), manganese sulfate 0.01% (m/v), fermentation medium
The initial pH of solution is 7.0, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen
30% is not less than, pH value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid
Add diatomite flocculation after the completion of bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-35%,
Cyclonic separation bacterium powder, is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
It is prepared by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank
In, fermentation medium is：Fermentation medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch
1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder 2.1% (m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptose
Peptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast extract 0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0%
(m/v), bubble enemy 0.06% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, stirring
Revolution 200-500rpm, appropriate stream plus sterilized water ensure that dissolved oxygen is not less than 30% in fermentation process, and pH value is 7.0, stirring training
Support 10 days, viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtain being obtained using centrifuge after the completion of zymotic fluid adds diatomite flocculation
Bacterium mud is obtained, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtain
Bacterium powder.
It is prepared by yeast bacteria agent：Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract
1% (m/v), peptone 2% (m/v) glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：It is logical
Gas ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, stir culture
3d, makes viable bacteria content reach 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, bacterium mud 40 using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder for DEG C forced air drying.
Single microbial inoculum obtained above is pressed into bacillus subtilis microbial agent：Saccharomycete：The matter of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum
Amount is than being 6:3:1 ratio mixing, obtains complex micro organism fungicide.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of potato special fertilizer, including following steps：
By 24 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 9 parts of MAP, 9 parts of urea, 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
2.9 parts of calcium sulfate, 1.9 parts of Boratex, 0.9 part of copper sulphate, 0.9 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.9 part of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.3 part, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate；
4 parts of cottonseed meal, 24 parts of straw decomposing material, 9 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.5 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain base fertilizer solution；
It is well mixed with complex micro organism fungicide again, the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, by mixed fertilizer heap
It is put in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and ferments 2 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacks 3 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, is sent out
Ferment culture medium is：Cornstarch 0.6% (m/v), dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), (m/ of urea 0.3%
V), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v), potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), (m/ of manganese sulfate 0.01%
V), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/
Ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite and be put into centrifuge high speed acquisition bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-
35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
It is prepared by yeast bacteria agent：Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract
1% (m/v), peptone 2% (m/v), glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：
Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, stirring training
3d is supported, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/ml, obtained zymotic fluid and add diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, bacterium mud using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder for 40 DEG C of forced air dryings.
By single microbial inoculum obtained above in saccharomycete: the mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is mixed for 6: 4 ratio
Close, obtain complex micro organism fungicide.
The result that embodiment 1, the fertilizer efficiency of the three of comparative example 1,2,3 compare is as follows：
CK is blank sample, i.e., do not apply the sample of any fertilizer.
In embodiment 1, complex micro organism fungicide：Actinomyces+yeast bacteria agent+solution starch spore bacillus microbial inoculum；
In comparative example 1, complex micro organism fungicide：Unwrapping wire bacteria agent+yeast bacteria agent；
In comparative example 2, complex micro organism fungicide：Bacillus subtilis microbial agent+yeast bacteria agent；
In comparative example 3, complex micro organism fungicide：Yeast bacteria agent+bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum；
In 4 groups of above-mentioned examples, the consumption all same of complex micro organism fungicide；
Same piece of land is chosen, 4 pieces are divided into, respectively using embodiment 1, the fertilizer of comparative example 1,2,3, its amount of application and applied
Time all same is used, blank sample does not apply any fertilizer, and it is compared as follows：
Influence of each case to potato yield and plant strain growth：
| Treatment | Potato kg/ mus | Disease incidence % | Volume increase |
| CK | 2465 | 20 | |
| Embodiment 1 | 3296 | 1 | 33.8% |
| Comparative example 1 | 3138 | 15 | |
| Comparative example 2 | 3187 | 12 | |
| Comparative example 3 | 3110 | 13 |
Contrast more than is as can be seen that using the potato grown under the fertilizer of embodiment 1, its yield is than CK, contrast
Example 1-3 is intended to height, and the potato disease incidence of embodiment 1 is minimum, only 1%, increase yield 33.8%, the number of the above
According to and comparative illustration, although comparative example 1-3 also uses composite microbic bacterial fertilizer, but the combination of different microorganisms bacterial manure, it is right
It is larger in the yield effect of potato.
On microbial-bacterial fertilizer, species is many on the market, and the active bacteria being combined contained by it of various microbial inoculums is different, they it
Between the mechanism of action it is complex, there is synergy for certain effect after some strains are compound, and some strains is compound
Growth for certain crop is inhibited；Similarly, the life of the composite bacteria agent for certain crop of certain several strain composition
It is long that there is beneficial effect, and may not have beneficial effect for the growth of another crop, for example, putting in the application
Line bacteria agent+yeast bacteria agent+these three microbial inoculums of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum have synergy for the growth of potato,
Can improve the yield of potato, and can also effective inhibition of potato disease incidence, but if will be above-mentioned compound
Microbial bacterial agent is applied to other crops, such as tomato, pachyrhizus, and it is preferable that its effect is not applied to potato.
Illustrated with data below：
The bacterial manure of embodiment 1 is applied to pachyrhizus, case A is remembered；
Fertilizer in embodiment 1 is removed into microbial bacterial agent, retains other compositions, be applied to pachyrhizus, be denoted as case B；
Case A, case B orographic condition it is identical, amount of application is also identical, and pachyrhizus kind is identical, only different
It is to add microbial bacterial agent in case A；
When harvesting, per mu yield of the case A than case B has more 15 kilograms；Substantially it is suitable；
Case A it is suitable with the disease incidence of case B；It can be seen that complex microbial inoculum occurs in the disease for suppressing pachyrhizus
Rate aspect does not have obvious effect.
Embodiment two
The preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, including following steps：
By 26 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 10 parts of MAP, 10 parts of urea, 6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
3.1 parts of calcium sulfate, 2.1 parts of Boratex, 1.1 parts of copper sulphate, 1.1 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.1 parts of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.5 part, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate.
6 parts of cottonseed meal, 26 parts of straw decomposing material, 10 parts of charcoal, 9 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.7 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain inorganic fertilizer solution, then micro- with compound
Bacteria agent is well mixed, and the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, mixed fertilizer is stacked in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and is fermented
3 days, tipping 1 time daily, then stack 4 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The preparation method of wherein complex micro organism fungicide is as follows：
(1) preparation of single microorganism microbial inoculum：
It is prepared by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank
In, fermentation medium is：Fermentation medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch
1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder 2.1% (m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptose
Peptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast extract 0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0%
(m/v), bubble enemy 0.06% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, stirring
Revolution 200-500rpm, appropriate stream plus sterilized water ensure that dissolved oxygen is not less than 30% in fermentation process, and pH value is 7.0, stirring training
Support 10 days, viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtain being obtained using centrifuge after the completion of zymotic fluid adds diatomite flocculation
Bacterium mud is obtained, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtain
Bacterium powder；
The diatomaceous consumption of flocculant meets 0.45g/L.
It is prepared by yeast bacteria agent：Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract
1% (m/v), peptone 2% (m/v) glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：It is logical
Gas ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, stir culture
3d, makes viable bacteria content reach 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, bacterium mud 40 using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder for DEG C forced air drying.
The preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, is sent out
Ferment culture medium is：Cornstarch 0.6% (m/v), dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), (m/ of urea 0.3%
V), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v), potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), (m/ of manganese sulfate 0.01%
V), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/
Ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite and be put into centrifuge high speed acquisition bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-
35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
(2) prepared by complex micro organism fungicide：
Single microbial inoculum obtained above is pressed into actinomyces：Saccharomycete：The mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is 5:3:2
Ratio mixing, obtain complex micro organism fungicide.
Embodiment three
The preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, including following steps：
By 25 parts of raw material sulphuric acid potassium, 9.5 parts of MAP, 9.5 parts of urea, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.5 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate；
3.0 parts of calcium sulfate, 2.0 parts of Boratex, 1.0 parts of copper sulphate, 1.0 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.0 parts of ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate
0.4 part, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate.
5 parts of cottonseed meal, 25 parts of straw decomposing material, 9.5 parts of charcoal, 8.5 parts of corn starch sugar dreg, 8.6 parts of animal manure；
After being well mixed in above-mentioned parts by weight ratio, plus 80 parts of water mixes to obtain inorganic fertilizer solution, then micro- with compound
Bacteria agent is well mixed, and the parts by weight of complex micro organism fungicide are 2.5 parts, mixed fertilizer is stacked in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and is fermented
2.5 days, tipping 1 time daily, then stack 3.5 days to obtain potato microbial bacterial manure special.
The preparation method of wherein complex micro organism fungicide is as follows：
(1) preparation of single microorganism microbial inoculum：
It is prepared by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank
In, fermentation medium is：Fermentation medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch
1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder 2.1% (m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptose
Peptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast extract 0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0%
(m/v), bubble enemy 0.06% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, stirring
Revolution 200-500rpm, appropriate stream plus sterilized water ensure that dissolved oxygen is not less than 30% in fermentation process, and pH value is 7.0, stirring training
Support 10 days, viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtain being obtained using centrifuge after the completion of zymotic fluid adds diatomite flocculation
Bacterium mud is obtained, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtain
Bacterium powder；
The diatomaceous consumption of flocculant meets 0.40g/L.
It is prepared by yeast bacteria agent：Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract
1% (m/v), peptone 2% (m/v) glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：It is logical
Gas ratio is initiated with 1:0.5,30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, stir culture
3d, makes viable bacteria content reach 1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud, bacterium mud 40 using centrifuge
To water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer and crushes, and crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder for DEG C forced air drying.
The preparation of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, is sent out
Ferment culture medium is：Cornstarch 0.6% (m/v), dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), (m/ of urea 0.3%
V), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v), potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), (m/ of manganese sulfate 0.01%
V), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/
Ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite and be put into centrifuge high speed acquisition bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-
35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
(2) prepared by complex micro organism fungicide：
Single microbial inoculum obtained above is pressed into actinomyces：Saccharomycete：The mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is 5:3:2
Ratio mixing, obtain complex micro organism fungicide.
Above-mentioned actinomyces opportunistic pathogen can select the actinomycetes strain for being deposited in Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
(preserving number is：CICCNO.10672), but it is not limited to above-mentioned actinomycetes strain, other actinomyces opportunistic pathogens can also equally reach this
The technique effect of invention.
Above-mentioned bacillus amyloliquefaciens opportunistic pathogen can select the solution for being deposited in Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
(preserving number is bacillus amyloliquefacienses bacterial strain：ACCC10167), but it is not limited to above-mentioned Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain, other Xie Dian
Afnyloliquefaciens opportunistic pathogen can also equally reach technique effect of the invention.
Above-mentioned saccharomycete opportunistic pathogen can select the yeast strain for being deposited in Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
(preserving number is：CICC1001), but above-mentioned yeast strain is not limited to, other saccharomycete opportunistic pathogens can also equally reach the present invention
Technique effect.
Above-described is only three kinds of implementation methods of the invention, it is noted that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some variations and modifications can also be made, these also should be regarded as belonging to this hair
Bright protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, the potato microbial bacterial manure special contains following weight
The raw material of part：
Inorganic fertilizer raw material includes：
Potassium sulfate 24-26 parts, MAP 9-10 parts, urea 9-10 parts, ammonium sulfate 4-6 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 9-10 parts；
Calcium sulfate 2.9-3.1 parts, Boratex 1.9-2.1 parts, copper sulphate 0.9-1.1 parts, magnesium sulfate 0.9-1.1 parts, ferrous sulfate
0.9-1.1 parts, ammonium molybdate 0.3-0.5 parts, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.5 parts；
Organic fertilizer raw material includes：
Cottonseed meal 4-6 parts, 24-26 parts of straw decomposing material, charcoal 9-10 parts, corn starch sugar dreg 8-9 parts, animal manure 8.5-
8.7 parts；
Complex micro organism fungicide：2.5 parts；
Described complex micro organism fungicide include unwrapping wire bacteria agent, yeast bacteria agent and bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, actinomyces,
Saccharomycete and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are individually inoculated with, through fluid nutrient medium Amplification Culture after, by unwrapping wire bacteria agent：Saccharomycete
Microbial inoculum：The mass ratio of bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is 5：3：2 ratio mixes, dries, and obtains complex micro organism fungicide；
The step of preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special, is as follows：
By inorganic fertilizer raw material and organic fertilizer raw material in above-mentioned ratio it is well mixed after plus 80 parts of water in, mix base fertilizer is molten
Liquid, then be well mixed with 2.5 parts of complex micro organism fungicides, obtain mixed fertilizer；
Mixed fertilizer is stacked in 30 DEG C of greenhouses and is fermented 2-3 days, daily tipping 1 time, then stacked 3-4 days, obtain potato special micro-
Bio-bacterial manure.
2. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Animal manure in the organic fertilizer is cow dung and the mixture of pig manure, the water content of described cow dung is 4-8%, and pig manure contains
Water is 6-10%, and described cow dung and the weight ratio of pig manure are 1：1.
3. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The fineness of corn starch sugar dreg is 40 mesh in the organic fertilizer.
4. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The actinomyces bacterial preparation process is：
Cultural method is liquid deep layer fermenting, and Actinomycetes species are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, and fermentation medium is：Fermentation
Culture medium is included：Glucose 4.0% (m/v), maltodextrin 1.5% (m/v), cornstarch 1.5% (m/v), bean cake powder 2.1%
(m/v), cottonseed meal 1.0% (m/v), corn syrup hydrolyzate 2.0% (m/v), tryptone 0.5% (m/v), yeast extract
0.6% (m/v), NaCl 1.5% (m/v), NH4Cl 0.5% (m/v), CaCO32.0% (m/v), bubble enemy 0.06% (m/v),
The initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 7.0；
Fermentation condition：28 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200-500rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 7.0, stirring
Culture 10 days, viable bacteria content reaches 1010pfu/ml, obtain zymotic fluid add flocculant, after the completion of using centrifuge obtain
Bacterium mud, 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium
Powder.
5. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：
The flocculant is diatomite.
6. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The saccharomycete bacterial preparation process is：
Yeast seeds are inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Yeast extract 1% (m/v), (m/ of peptone 2%
V), glucose 2% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is 6.5, fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1:0.5, culture
30 DEG C of temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is 6.5, and stir culture 3d reaches viable bacteria content
1010pfu/ml, obtains zymotic fluid and adds diatomite to obtain bacterium mud using centrifuge, and 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to aqueous
Amount 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
7. the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum is：
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is：Cornstarch 0.6% (m/v),
Dusty yeast 0.04% (m/v), bean cake powder 0.5% (m/v), urea 0.3% (m/v), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5% (m/v), di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen potassium 0.3% (m/v), magnesium sulfate 0.1% (m/v), manganese sulfate 0.01% (m/v), the initial pH of fermented and cultured based sols is
7.0；
Fermentation condition：Ventilation ratio is 1:0.6,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not
Less than 6.5,10 hours of stir culture, viable bacteria content is reached 1010pfu/ml, obtain zymotic fluid and add diatomite and be put into
Centrifuge high speed obtains bacterium mud, and 40 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into pulverizer
Middle crushing, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder.
8. a kind of potato microbial bacterial manure special, it is characterised in that：Using the Ma Ling any one of claim 1 to 7
The potato microbial bacterial manure special that the preparation method of potato microbial bacterial manure special is obtained.
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| CN117136806B (en) * | 2023-09-09 | 2024-02-13 | 西昌学院 | Cultivation method of high-quality potatoes |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |