Summary of the invention
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer and its production and application method, fertilising back Japanese Honeysuckle output is also very low, utilization rate of fertilizer is low to solve, can't bring into play the technical problem of fertilizer efficiency for a long time.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, according to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer is provided, comprising: the NPK of 18~28 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 17~27 weight part fertilizers and requirement.
Further, NPK is made up of 5~15 weight part phosphorous acids, 17~27 weight part urea, 8~18 weight part vitriolate of tartar.
Further, the humic acid and the borax that also comprise requirement.
Further, the addition of humic acid is 1~10 weight part; The addition of said borax is 0.15~0.2 weight part.
Further, consisting of of Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer: fertilizer 22 weight parts; Amino acid fertilizer 23 weight parts; Monoammonium phosphate 10 weight parts; Urea 22 weight parts; Vitriolate of tartar 13 weight parts; Humic acid 5 weight parts; Borax 0.2 weight part.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of application method of above-mentioned Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer, may further comprise the steps: in the growth cycle of Japanese Honeysuckle tree, gather behind the Japanese Honeysuckle, use the Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer one time, amount of application is a 0.4~1.2kg/ tree.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer, and fertilizer is made by the feces of livestock and poultry fermentation; Amino acid fertilizer is made through fermentation or hydrolysis by plant waste matter.
Further, plant waste matter is dregs of beans and rapeseed meal, and dregs of beans makes amino acid solution through hydrolysis, and rapeseed meal makes the rapeseed meal fermented product through fermentation; Amino acid fertilizer is 0.1~0.5 by amino acid solution and rapeseed meal fermented product by mass ratio: 1 mixes.
Further, the method for hydrolysis of dregs of beans may further comprise the steps: with sulfuric acid at 110~130 ℃ of following hydrolysis dregs of beans.
Further, the fermentation process of rapeseed meal may further comprise the steps: enlarge the strain fermentation rapeseed meal with enzymatic microorganism; Turn over altogether in the fermenting process 5~7 times.
Further, the preparation method of fertilizer may further comprise the steps: fertilizer is made by chicken manure fermenting, and chicken manure fermenting stirs 5~6 times therebetween, ferments 25~35 days.
Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) Japanese Honeysuckle is the happiness fertilizer-plant, needs to apply fertilizer in the cycle in whole growth.Free amino acid can be directly by plant absorbing in the fertilizer in the fertilizer provided by the invention; Fertilising back utilization rate of fertilizer can reach 60%; And the fertilizer efficiency cycle is long, and leaching runs off few, can to it nutrition be provided in the whole cycle of Japanese Honeysuckle; Reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, in Japanese Honeysuckle is planted process, realized fast growing.Can promote simultaneously precocity, the shortening growth cycle of crop.And amount of application is little.
2) amino acid fertilizer, organism can improve the content of chlorogenicacid in the Japanese Honeysuckle, galuteolin in the fertilizer provided by the invention, improve the Japanese Honeysuckle quality.In manurial experiment; After executing the special-purpose fertilizer of Japanese Honeysuckle, in the Japanese Honeysuckle chlorogenic acid contents all >=4.29%, galuteolin content >=0.095%; Do not provide than using the present invention that chlorogenicacid, galuteolin content exceed 12.9% and 69.64% respectively in the Japanese Honeysuckle of fertilizer, improvement quality effect is obvious.
3) contain amino acid, enzyme, organic matter and a large amount of profitable strain in the fertilizer provided by the invention; For the growth of aerobic bacteria in the soil provides condition; Make gas in the soil, solid, liquid, four ratios of dividing mutually of mikrobe get into the benign cycle that the growth of mutually promoting increases, the effect of play maintenance, slaking, improving the soil.
4) use and to make behind the fertilizer provided by the invention Japanese Honeysuckle infect probability of plant diseases and insect pests to reduce.
5) contain multiple amino acids and complex compound thereof in the fertilizer provided by the invention, mix to use and to play synergistic effect, improved fertilizer efficiency, make its fertilizer efficiency be higher than single seed amino acid, the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer of equivalent.
Except top described purpose, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other purpose, feature and advantage.To do further detailed explanation to the present invention with reference to embodiment below.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
Technical term among this paper " amino acid fertilizer " is meant by all kinds of plant waste matters and is rich in all kinds of amino acid whose fertilizer through what fermentation or hydrolysis made that " fertilizer " is the fertilizer that is made by the animal dung fermentation." requirement " is meant the usual addition when each composition as fertilizer sources uses.
The Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer that one side of the present invention provides comprises: the NPK of 18~28 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 17~27 weight part fertilizers and requirement.The vegetable-protein that wherein is used for amino acid fertilizer can be dregs of beans, rapeseed meal, the tea dregs of rice, sesame seed meal etc., is preferably dregs of beans and rapeseed meal.In dregs of beans and the rapeseed meal contained each seed amino acid amino acid contained than other plant be complete, belong to universal class amino acid.Amino acid contained content is high in the dregs of beans, and lysine content can reach 2.5-3.0%, and tryptophane is 0.6-0.7%, and methionine content is 0.5-0.7%.And, more be prone to after separating out through hydrolysis by the plant absorbing utilization because the amino acid in the dregs of beans is vegetable-protein.Is the amino acid fertilizer utilization ratio height that raw material makes than other with the animal dregs of rice.Methyllanthionine content is high in the rapeseed meal, and arginine content is low, and the ratio of l-arginine and Methionin is suitable for plant absorbing.And wherein calcium, phosphorus content height are rich in iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, and these trace elements can combine the synergy of the little fertilizer of performance, NPK with amino acid, promote flowering of plant, and the colored output of Japanese Honeysuckle is provided.For making full use of the above-mentioned effective constituent in dregs of beans and the rapeseed meal, preferably dregs of beans is hydrolyzed, rapeseed meal is fermented.Inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer etc. need the degraded back could be by passive absorption or osmotic absorption under photosynthesis, thereby absorb fully, and fertilizer efficiency period is long, is particularly suited for being applied to this type of Japanese Honeysuckle happiness fertilizer-plant.
The dregs of beans hydrolysising condition: the sulfuric acid that preferably adopts concentration 20% under 120 ℃, hydrolysis time 3~4 hours, and the pH value to 3 of regulator solution~5.The preferred ammoniacal liquor that adopts is regulated the pH value.Hydrolysis can make effective constituent wherein fully separate out with this understanding.When the fermentation rapeseed meal, it is fermented with enlarging bacterial classification.Enlarge bacterium and be meant that bacterial classification is a large amount of bacterial strains through the cultivation back by a small amount of bacterium colony propagation, so that can abundant fermentation materials.Expansion bacterium used herein is made through domestic method by enzymatic microorganism, wheat bran, brown sugar and water.In the fermenting process, when the heap temperature reached 50 ℃, bacterial classification had been bred to the maximum keep alive amount in the rapeseed meal of fermentation, began turning this moment, to increase the ventilation property of compost, made expansion bacterium wherein fully decompose active substance wherein.Preferred turning number of times is 5~7 times.Obvious, be that the amino acid fertilizer that raw material makes also can be used for the present invention with the animal, but consider with the animal to be that the effect that absorbs of the amino acid fertilizer that makes of raw material is lower than between the plant, thereby be that the amino acid fertilizer effect that makes of raw material is more excellent with the plant.
The animal dung that is used to produce fertilizer can be cow dung, horsehit, pig manure, chicken manure etc., preferred chicken manure.Not only organic content is high in the chicken manure, and npk nutrient also is higher than other bird excrement.Fermentation process can be the method for fermented livestock excrement commonly used, and used fermented bacterium is used bacterial classification for fermented livestock class excrement commonly used, and it is ripe to material to ferment.Mostly available bacterial classification is the mixture of multiple bacterial classification, like commercially available BM starter.Preferred fermentation condition fermented 25~35 days for during the fermentation the water cut of ight soil being adjusted to 55~65%.
During the preparation amino acid fertilizer, only need amino acid solution and rapeseed meal fermented product are pressed the arbitrary proportion mixing.Be to mix at 0.1~0.5: 1 by mass ratio preferably, preferably mixed by 0.3: 1 with amino acid solution and rapeseed meal fermented product.By this mixed, the product flower rate that can improve Japanese Honeysuckle can provide content of effective wherein again, can also reduce using of other fertilizer, practices thrift fertilizer.
NPK adds in ratio commonly used in the Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention.Institute adds NPK, can be in fertilising initial stage performance fertilizer efficiency, to remedy organic fertilizer and the slow problem of amino acid fertilizer initial stage fertilizer efficiency performance.Preferred NPK is made up of 5~15 weight part phosphorous acids, 17~27 weight part urea, 8~18 weight part vitriolate of tartar.The humic acid and the borax that also comprise requirement in the said composition.Humic acid is fertilizer additive commonly used, has the soil fertilizer of raising feeder capability, strengthens soil microbial activities, the effect of activating soil nutrient.Borax then can play the purpose of enhancement of plant root growth, improves the plant survival rate.Humic acid and borax are conventional addition.Concrete addition is 1~10 weight part humic acid and borax 0.15~0.2 weight part.Fertilizer provided by the invention is made up of fertilizer 22 weight parts, amino acid fertilizer 23 weight parts, monoammonium phosphate 10 weight parts, urea 22 weight parts, vitriolate of tartar 13 weight parts, humic acid 5 weight parts and borax 0.2 weight part.Can also add sepiolite according to addition commonly used in order to play the effect that improves Soil structure.Specifically can add 1~10 weight part sepiolite.To increase adsorptive power.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides above-mentioned Japanese Honeysuckle special-purpose fertile method of use; Specifically may further comprise the steps: behind the said Japanese Honeysuckle of in the growth cycle of Japanese Honeysuckle tree, gathering; Use once said Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer, amount of application is a 0.4~1.2kg/ tree.
Concrete, the special-purpose fertile method of use of Japanese Honeysuckle provided by the invention is: behind the Japanese Honeysuckle of gathering every year the Japanese Honeysuckle tree is used the special-purpose fertilizer of Japanese Honeysuckle provided by the invention once.Use and can in time replenish the spent nutriment of blooming this moment, plays the effect in strong sprout.Select consumption according to the nursery stock size, fertilizer will have some distances with nursery stock when using, with unburned.Apparently, for improving effect, also can repeatedly fertilising in the growth cycle of Japanese Honeysuckle tree.Also can before the flowering period in the Japanese Honeysuckle growth cycle, execute and break fertilizers for potted flowers in fertile using strong sprout.But consider cost and fertilizer efficiency principle of optimality, only be preferably and use once.
Amount of application 2~the 3kg commonly used of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a lot of less relatively, can play the purpose of practicing thrift fertilizer.
Embodiment
Used fermented bacterium can be the BM starter and melts bio-fertilizer technical research center, enzymatic microorganism enzymatic microorganism commonly used available from the Henan treasured, available from the gloomy luxuriant Jin Yuan in Beijing company.
Preparation method of organic fertilizer:
1) get 1 ton of animal dung, add BM starter 1~2kg and fully be mixed, regulating moisture is 55~65%;
2) heap fermentation stirs when temperature of charge reaches 55 ℃, and 55~65 ℃ of control compost temperatures are stirred number of times and added when temperature is high, stirs number of times when temperature is low and reduces, and stirs 5~7 times, ferments 25~35 days, when temperature no longer raises, ends, and gets fertilizer.
The preparation method of amino acid fertilizer:
1) rapeseed meal (or oil tea dregs of rice) fermentation: enzymatic microorganism bacterial classification, wheat bran, brown sugar are processed the expansion bacterium.Enlarge bacterium fermentation rapeseed meal with this again, regulating moisture is 60~65%, begins turning during 55 ℃ of heap Wen Jizhi, turns over altogether 5~7 times, ends when the heap temperature no longer raises, and obtains the rapeseed meal fermented product.
2) dregs of beans hydrolysis: 20% sulfuric acid, 120 ℃ of following hydrolysis dregs of beans 4h of temperature transfer pH to 4 with ammoniacal liquor, obtain amino acid solution.
3) be 0.3: 1 mixed amino acid solution and rapeseed meal fermented product by mass ratio, make amino acid fertilizer through drying.
Embodiment 1
Get 22 weight part fertilizers, 23 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part NPK, the acid of 5 weight part detritus, 0.2 weight part borax mixes, and granulation obtains Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention.Used animal dung is a chicken manure.Wherein NPK is made up of phosphorous acid 15 weight parts, urea 17 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 8 weight parts.Gained is special-purpose fertile No. 1 of Japanese Honeysuckle.
The content of this each composition of fertilizer is: amino acid/11 0%, total nitrogen 13%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5%, potassium oxide 7%, organic matter 30%, moisture 10%.
Embodiment 2
Get 17 weight part fertilizers, 25 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part NPK, the acid of 2 weight part detritus, 0.16 weight part borax mixes, and granulation obtains Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention.Used animal dung is a pig manure.Wherein NPK is made up of phosphorous acid 16 weight parts, urea 18 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 7 weight parts.Gained is special-purpose fertile No. 2 of Japanese Honeysuckle.
The content of this each composition of fertilizer is: amino acid/11 0%, total nitrogen 14%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5%, potassium oxide 6%, organic matter 25%, moisture 10%.
Embodiment 3
Get 27 weight part fertilizers, 18 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part NPK, the acid of 10 weight part detritus, 0.2 weight part borax mixes, and granulation obtains Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer compsn provided by the invention.Used animal dung is a cow dung.Wherein NPK is made up of phosphorous acid 7 weight parts, urea 23 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 12 weight parts.Gained is special-purpose fertile No. 3 of Japanese Honeysuckle.
Comparative Examples 1
By the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that bicarbonate of ammonia, calcium magnesium phosphorus, Repone K in ratio commonly used mix, this fertile amount of application is a 2.5kg/ tree.
Test condition: manurial experiment is chosen 3 years living Japanese Honeysuckles of earsh, same clone, and 420 Japanese Honeysuckles that growing way is close are established 4 and handle 3 repetitions, and wherein the 1st is treated to the contrast of not executing; The 2nd is treated to the composite fertilizer of conventional proportioning; The 3rd is treated to special-purpose fertile No. 2 of the Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid of pig manure fermentation; The 4th is treated to special-purpose fertile No. 1 of the Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid of chicken manure fermenting.
The output actual measurement is carried out in on-the-spot stochastic sampling actual measurement living gold and silver style strain 30 strains in 3 years, and the result is following:
1. the even crown diameter of contrast (not applying fertilizer) is 1.32m*1.35m, and average individual plant produces 2.2 kilograms of fresh flowers, amounts to 464.1 kilograms/mu, goes out the conversion of dried flower rate, 115.10 kilograms/mu of unit surface dried flower output by 24.8%.
2. use composite fertilizer's (Comparative Examples 1) of conventional proportioning, even crown diameter is 1.36m*1.5m, and average individual plant produces fresh flower 2.69kg, amounts to 564.9kg/ mu; Go out the conversion of dried flower rate, unit surface dried flower output 140kg/ mu by 24.8%.
3. use Japanese Honeysuckle and handle for special-purpose fertile No. 1, even crown diameter is 1.74m*1.83m, and average individual plant produces fresh flower 6.2kg, amounts to 1307.0kg/ mu; Go out the conversion of dried flower rate, 324.21 kilograms/mu of unit surface dried flower output by 24.8%.Comparison is high by 182% according to (not applying fertilizer) dried flower output, and is higher by 131% than composite fertilizer's dried flower output.
4. use Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid special-purpose fertile No. 2; Even crown diameter is 1.60m*1.74m, and average individual plant produces 5.4 kilograms of fresh flowers, amounts to 1134 kilograms/mu; Go out the dried flower rate by 24.8% and convert, 281.23 kilograms/mu of unit surface dried flower output, comparison is high by 144% according to (not applying fertilizer) dried flower output, and is higher by 101% than composite fertilizer's dried flower output.
Use the Japanese Honeysuckle trunk flower output of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer compsns, far above composite fertilizer's dried flower output of contrast, conventional proportioning.When wherein using among the embodiment 1 gained Japanese Honeysuckle dedicated fertilizer compsn, Japanese Honeysuckle trunk flower output is the highest.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.