Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material and its preparation method and application method, with solve after fertilising Japanese Honeysuckle output also very low, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, cannot bring into play for a long time the technical problem of fertilizer efficiency.
For achieving the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material, comprising: the azophoska of 18~28 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 17~27 weight part fertilizers and requirement.
Further, azophoska is comprised of 5~15 weight part phosphorous acid Yiammonias, 17~27 weight part urea, 8~18 weight part potassium sulfate.
Further, the humic acid and the borax that also comprise requirement.
Further, the addition of humic acid is 1~10 weight part; The addition of described borax is 0.15~0.2 weight part.
Further, consisting of of special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material: fertilizer 22 weight parts; Amino acid fertilizer 23 weight parts; Monoammonium phosphate 10 weight parts; Urea 22 weight parts; Potassium sulfate 13 weight parts; Humic acid 5 weight parts; Borax 0.2 weight part.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of application method of above-mentioned special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material, comprises the following steps: in a growth cycle for Japanese Honeysuckle tree, gather after Japanese Honeysuckle, use special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material one time, amount of application is 0.4~1.2kg/ tree.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material, and fertilizer is made by livestock manure fermented; Amino acid fertilizer is made through fermentation or hydrolysis by plant waste matter.
Further, plant waste matter is dregs of beans and rapeseed meal, and dregs of beans makes amino acid solution through hydrolysis, and rapeseed meal makes Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing through fermentation; Amino acid fertilizer is 0.1~0.5 by amino acid solution and Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing in mass ratio: 1 mixes.
Further, the method for hydrolysis of dregs of beans comprises the following steps: with sulfuric acid, at 110~130 ℃, be hydrolyzed dregs of beans.
Further, the fermentation process of rapeseed meal comprises the following steps: by enzymatic microorganism, expand strain fermentation rapeseed meal; In fermenting process, turn over altogether 5~7 times.
Further, the preparation method of fertilizer comprises the following steps: fertilizer is made by chicken manure fermenting, and chicken manure fermenting stirs 5~6 times therebetween, ferments 25~35 days.
Special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) Japanese Honeysuckle, for happiness fertilizer-plant, need be applied fertilizer in whole growth cycle.Amino acid free in fertilizer in fertilizer provided by the invention can directly be absorbed by plants, after fertilising, utilization rate of fertilizer can reach 60%, and the fertilizer efficiency cycle is long, leaching runs off few, can to it, provide nutrition in the whole cycle of Japanese Honeysuckle, reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, in Japanese Honeysuckle is planted process, realized fast growing.Can promote precocity, the shortening growth cycle of crop simultaneously.And amount of application is little.
2) in fertilizer provided by the invention, amino acid fertilizer, organism can improve the content of Chlorogenic Acid of Flos Lonicerae, galuteolin, improve quality of Flos Lonicerae.In manurial experiment, execute after special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower, the content of Chlorogenic Acid of Flos Lonicerae all >=4.29%, galuteolin content >=0.095%, than using the Chlorogenic Acid of Flos Lonicerae, the galuteolin content that the invention provides fertilizer, do not exceed respectively 12.9% and 69.64%, improvement quality successful.
3) in fertilizer provided by the invention, contain amino acid, enzyme, organic matter and a large amount of profitable strain, for the growth of aerobic bacteria in soil provides condition, the benign cycle that gas in soil, solid, liquid, four ratios of dividing mutually of microorganism is entered mutually promote growth to increase, plays the effect of maintenance, slaking, improvement soil.
4) use and can make Japanese Honeysuckle infect probability of plant diseases and insect pests after fertilizer provided by the invention to reduce.
5) in fertilizer provided by the invention, contain multiple amino acids and complex compound thereof, mix to use and can play synergistic effect, improved fertilizer efficiency, make its fertilizer efficiency higher than single seed amino acid, the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer of equivalent.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can be defined by the claims and cover is implemented.
Herein technical term " amino acid fertilizer " refer to by all kinds of plant waste matters, through fermentation or hydrolysis, made be rich in all kinds of amino acid whose fertilizer, " fertilizer " is the fertilizer being made by animal dung fermentation." requirement " refers to usual addition when each composition as fertilizer sources is used.
The special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material that an aspect of of the present present invention provides comprises: the azophoska of 18~28 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 17~27 weight part fertilizers and requirement.Wherein the vegetable-protein for amino acid fertilizer can be dregs of beans, rapeseed meal, the tea dregs of rice, sesame seed meal etc., is preferably dregs of beans and rapeseed meal.In dregs of beans and rapeseed meal contained each seed amino acid amino acid contained compared with other plant be complete, belong to universal class amino acid.In dregs of beans, amino acid contained content is high, and lysine content can reach 2.5-3.0%, and tryptophane is 0.6-0.7%, and methionine content is 0.5-0.7%.And because the amino acid in dregs of beans is vegetable-protein, after separating out by hydrolysis, be more easily absorbed and used by plants.Compared with other take the animal dregs of rice as the amino acid fertilizer utilization ratio that raw material makes high.In rapeseed meal, methyllanthionine content is high, and arginine content is low, and the ratio of arginine and Methionin is suitable for plant and absorbs.And wherein calcium, phosphorus content are high, are rich in iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, these trace elements can be combined with amino acid the synergy of the micro-fertilizer of performance, azophoska, promote flowering of plant, and the colored output of Japanese Honeysuckle is provided.For making full use of the above-mentioned effective constituent in dregs of beans and rapeseed meal, preferably dregs of beans is hydrolyzed, rapeseed meal is fermented.Inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer etc. need after degraded under photosynthesis could be by Passive intake or osmotic absorption, thereby absorbs fully, and fertilizer efficiency period is long, is particularly suited for being applied to this class of Japanese Honeysuckle and likes fertilizer-plant.
Dregs of beans hydrolysising condition: preferably adopt the sulfuric acid of concentration 20% at 120 ℃, hydrolysis time 3~4 hours, and the pH value to 3 of regulator solution~5.Preferably adopt ammoniacal liquor to regulate pH value.Hydrolysis can make effective constituent wherein fully separate out with this understanding.When fermentation rapeseed meal, with expanding bacterial classification, it is fermented.Expansion bacterium refers to that bacterial classification is a large amount of bacterial strains by a small amount of bacterium colony propagation after cultivating, so that can abundant fermentation materials.Expansion bacterium used herein is made by common method by enzymatic microorganism, wheat bran, brown sugar and water.In fermenting process, when heap temperature reaches 50 ℃, in the rapeseed meal of fermentation, bacterial classification has been bred to maximum keep alive amount, now starts turning, to increase the ventilation property of compost, makes expansion bacterium wherein fully decompose active substance wherein.Preferably turning number of times is 5~7 times.Obvious, the animal of take also can be used for the present invention as the amino acid fertilizer that raw material makes, but consider take amino acid fertilizer that animal makes as raw material absorb effect lower than between plant, thereby take plant as the amino acid fertilizer effect that raw material makes more excellent.
Animal dung for the production of fertilizer can be cow dung, horsehit, pig manure, chicken manure etc., preferably chicken manure.In chicken manure, not only organic content is high, and npk nutrient is also higher than other bird excrement.Fermentation process can be the method for conventional fermented livestock excrement, and fermented bacterium used is conventional fermented livestock class excrement bacterial classification, and it is ripe to material to ferment.Available bacterial classification mostly is the mixture of multiple bacterial classification, as commercially available BM starter.Preferably fermentation condition, for during the fermentation the water content of ight soil is adjusted to 55~65%, ferments 25~35 days.
When Preparation of amino acid is fertile, only need amino acid solution and Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing to mix in any proportion.By amino acid solution and Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing, be preferably to mix at 0.1~0.5: 1 in mass ratio, preferably by 0.3: 1, mix.In this ratio, mix, the product flower rate that can improve Japanese Honeysuckle can provide the content of effective constituent wherein again, can also reduce using of other fertilizer, saves fertilizer.
In special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material provided by the invention, azophoska is added in conventional ratio.Institute adds azophoska, can be in fertilising initial stage performance fertilizer efficiency, and to make up organic fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer initial stage fertilizer efficiency is brought into play slow problem.Preferred azophoska is comprised of 5~15 weight part phosphorous acid Yiammonias, 17~27 weight part urea, 8~18 weight part potassium sulfate.The humic acid and the borax that in said composition, also comprise requirement.Humic acid is conventional fertilizer additive, has the soil fertilizer of raising feeder capability, strengthens soil microbial activities, the effect of activating soil nutrient.Borax can play the object that strengthens plant root growth, improves plant survival rate.Humic acid and borax are conventional addition.Concrete addition is 1~10 weight part humic acid and borax 0.15~0.2 weight part.Fertilizer provided by the invention is comprised of fertilizer 22 weight parts, amino acid fertilizer 23 weight parts, monoammonium phosphate 10 weight parts, urea 22 weight parts, potassium sulfate 13 weight parts, humic acid 5 weight parts and borax 0.2 weight part.In order playing, to improve the effect of Soil structure and can also to add sepiolite according to conventional addition.Specifically can add 1~10 weight part sepiolite.To increase adsorptive power.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides the using method of above-mentioned special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower, specifically comprise the following steps: in a growth cycle for Japanese Honeysuckle tree, gather after described Japanese Honeysuckle, use once described special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material, amount of application is 0.4~1.2kg/ tree.
Concrete, the using method of special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower provided by the invention is: after the Japanese Honeysuckle of gathering every year, Japanese Honeysuckle tree is used to special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower provided by the invention once.Now use and can supplement in time the spent nutriment of blooming, play the effect in strong sprout.According to nursery stock size, select consumption, while using, fertilizer will have some distances with nursery stock, with unburned.Apparently, for improving effect, also can repeatedly fertilising in a growth cycle for Japanese Honeysuckle tree.When using seedling fertilizer, also can, before the flowering period in Japanese Honeysuckle growth cycle, execute and break fertilizers for potted flowers.But consider cost and fertilizer efficiency principle of optimality, be only preferably and use once.
The conventional amount of application 2~3kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a lot of less relatively, can play the object of saving fertilizer.
Embodiment
Fermented bacterium used can be BM starter purchased from Henan Bao Rong bio-fertilizer Technology R & D Center, the conventional enzymatic microorganism of enzymatic microorganism, purchased from Sen Maojin source, Beijing company.
Preparation method of organic fertilizer:
1) get 1 ton of animal dung, add BM starter 1~2kg to be fully mixed, regulating moisture is 55~65%;
2) heap fermentation, when temperature of charge reaches 55 ℃, stirs, and controls 55~65 ℃ of compost temperatures, stirs number of times and add when temperature is high, stirs number of times and reduce when temperature is low, stirs 5~7 times, ferments 25~35 days, while no longer raising to temperature, only, obtains fertilizer.
The preparation method of amino acid fertilizer:
1) rapeseed meal (or Extracted From Oil-tea-cake) fermentation: enzymatic microorganism bacterial classification, wheat bran, brown sugar are made and expanded bacterium.With this, expand bacterium fermentation rapeseed meal again, regulating moisture is 60~65%, during 55 ℃ of heap Wen Jizhi, starts turning, turns over altogether 5~7 times, when heap temperature no longer raises, only, obtains Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing.
2) dregs of beans hydrolysis: 20% sulfuric acid, at 120 ℃ of temperature, be hydrolyzed dregs of beans 4h, with ammoniacal liquor, adjust pH to 4, obtain amino acid solution.
3) be 0.3: 1 mixed amino acid solution and Rapeseed Meal by Aspergillus Fermentation thing in mass ratio, drying makes amino acid fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
Get 22 weight part fertilizers, 23 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part azophoska, 5 weight part detritus acid, 0.2 weight part borax, mixes, and granulation obtains special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material provided by the invention.Animal dung used is chicken manure.Wherein azophoska is comprised of phosphorous acid Yiammonia 15 weight parts, urea 17 weight parts and potassium sulfate 8 weight parts.Gained is No. 1, special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower.
The content of this each composition of fertilizer is: amino acid/11 0%, total nitrogen 13%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5%, potassium oxide 7%, organic matter 30%, moisture 10%.
Embodiment 2
Get 17 weight part fertilizers, 25 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part azophoska, 2 weight part detritus acid, 0.16 weight part borax, mixes, and granulation obtains special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower material provided by the invention.Animal dung used is pig manure.Wherein azophoska is comprised of phosphorous acid Yiammonia 16 weight parts, urea 18 weight parts and potassium sulfate 7 weight parts.Gained is No. 2, special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower.
The content of this each composition of fertilizer is: amino acid/11 0%, total nitrogen 14%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5%, potassium oxide 6%, organic matter 25%, moisture 10%.
Embodiment 3
Get 27 weight part fertilizers, 18 weight part amino acid fertilizers, 45 weight part azophoska, 10 weight part detritus acid, 0.2 weight part borax, mixes, and granulation obtains special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower feed composition provided by the invention.Animal dung used is cow dung.Wherein azophoska is comprised of phosphorous acid Yiammonia 7 weight parts, urea 23 weight parts and potassium sulfate 12 weight parts.Gained is No. 3, special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower.
Comparative example 1
By the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mixing in bicarbonate of ammonia, calcium magnesium phosphorus, the Repone K of conventional ratio, this fertile amount of application is 2.5kg/ tree.
Test condition: manurial experiment is chosen 3 years raw Japanese Honeysuckles of earsh, same clone, 420 Japanese Honeysuckles that growing way is close, establish 4 and process 3 repetitions, and wherein the 1st is treated to the contrast of not executing; The 2nd is treated to the composite fertilizer of conventional proportioning; The 3rd is treated to No. 2, the Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid special fertilizer of pig manure fermentation; The 4th is treated to No. 1, the Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid special fertilizer of chicken manure fermenting.
On-the-spot stochastic sampling actual measurement raw gold and silver style strain 30 strains in 3 years, carry out output actual measurement, and result is as follows:
1. the even crown diameter of contrast (not applying fertilizer) is 1.32m*1.35m, and average individual plant produces 2.2 kilograms of fresh flowers, amounts to 464.1 kgs/acre, by 24.8%, goes out the conversion of dried flower rate, 115.10 kgs/acre of unit surface dried flower output.
2. the composite fertilizer's (comparative example 1) that uses conventional proportioning, even crown diameter is 1.36m*1.5m, average individual plant produces fresh flower 2.69kg, amounts to 564.9kg/ mu; By 24.8%, go out the conversion of dried flower rate, unit surface dried flower output 140kg/ mu.
3. use special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower and process for No. 1, even crown diameter is 1.74m*1.83m, and average individual plant produces fresh flower 6.2kg, amounts to 1307.0kg/ mu; By 24.8%, go out the conversion of dried flower rate, 324.21 kgs/acre of unit surface dried flower output.Higher by 182% than contrast (not applying fertilizer) dried flower output, higher by 131% than composite fertilizer's dried flower output.
4. use Japanese Honeysuckle amino acid special fertilizer No. 2; Even crown diameter is 1.60m*1.74m, and average individual plant produces 5.4 kilograms of fresh flowers, amounts to 1134 kgs/acre; By 24.8%, go out dried flower rate and convert, 281.23 kgs/acre of unit surface dried flower output, higher by 144% than contrast (not applying fertilizer) dried flower output, higher by 101% than composite fertilizer's dried flower output.
Use the Japanese Honeysuckle trunk flower output of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower feed compositions, far above composite fertilizer's dried flower output of contrast, conventional proportioning.While wherein using in embodiment 1 gained special fertilizer for honeysuckle flower feed composition, Japanese Honeysuckle trunk flower output is the highest.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.