CN111499430A - Humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499430A CN111499430A CN202010248441.9A CN202010248441A CN111499430A CN 111499430 A CN111499430 A CN 111499430A CN 202010248441 A CN202010248441 A CN 202010248441A CN 111499430 A CN111499430 A CN 111499430A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco planting soil and a preparation method thereof, the prepared humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco planting soil can effectively promote the growth of tobacco seedlings, improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves and improve the economic benefit of tobacco leaf planting, and the humic acid compound fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the tobacco planting soil and is beneficial to the release of mineral nutrition of the soil and the effective utilization of the nutrition by the tobacco plants. The invention provides a humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-35 parts of humic acid, 13-18 parts of biochar, 18-25 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6-13 parts of oil cake, 10-15 parts of mushroom dregs, 4-8 parts of dolomite powder and 2-6 parts of chitosan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production and use, and particularly relates to a humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is the first major tobacco leaf producing country in the world, and the tobacco industry has a unique position in national economy. From the tobacco planting situation in recent years, the planting area and the yield present a basically stable production situation. Currently, the total yield of Chinese tobacco leaves accounts for about 41.5% of the total world yield, and flue-cured tobacco leaves account for about 59.9% of the total world yield. Tobacco leaf production is concentrated in poor mountainous areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Henan, etc. From the comparative income of tobacco agriculture, the cash income of flue-cured tobacco is highest in 5 crops of japonica rice, corn, rapeseed, potato and flue-cured tobacco, and tobacco planting becomes an important way for farmers to get rid of poverty in poverty-stricken areas in China. Before 1980, the tobacco cultivation in China mainly uses farmyard manure and cake manure, chemical fertilizers are rarely applied, and the farmyard manure and the cake manure contain a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required by tobacco, and also contain medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and the like, so that the nutrients absorbed by tobacco plants are relatively balanced. However, the nutrient content and release of farmyard manure and cake fertilizer are not easy to control, and the phenomenon that tobacco plants are greedy and late-maturing or early-yellowing often occurs, so that the quality of tobacco leaves is unstable, and the economic benefit of tobacco leaf planting is influenced. After 1980, with the continuous expansion of the production capacity of chemical fertilizers in China, the structure and the fertilization technology of the fertilizers planted in tobacco are fundamentally changed, and the chemical fertilizers are widely applied to the tobacco. However, with the increasing application amount of chemical fertilizers and the reduction of the use amount of traditional farmyard manure, the problems of tobacco planting soil hardening, reduction of the number and population of effective microorganisms in the soil, imbalance of nutrient elements and the like are more and more prominent, so that the chemical components of tobacco leaves are not coordinated, the yield and disease resistance are greatly reduced, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is reduced. Research shows that when the chemical fertilizer is applied and the organic fertilizer is applied in a proper amount at the same time when the tobacco is planted, the yield of the tobacco leaves can be increased, the quality of the tobacco leaves can be improved, the economic benefit of the tobacco leaf planting can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, and the soil environment which is suitable for tobacco can be prevented from being damaged. In a common saying, "one flower in crops is cultivated by fertilizer at home", and the good and bad fertilization in the tobacco planting process becomes a key factor for improving quality, increasing yield and increasing efficiency of tobacco leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared humic acid compound fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of the tobacco-planting soil, improve the soil exchange capacity, improve the biological activity of the soil, and is beneficial to the release of the mineral nutrition of the soil and the effective utilization of the nutrition by tobacco plants.
The invention provides a humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-35 parts of humic acid, 13-18 parts of biochar, 18-25 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6-13 parts of oil cake, 10-15 parts of mushroom dregs, 4-8 parts of dolomite powder and 2-6 parts of chitosan.
The humic acid contains not less than 35% of organic matter, not less than 45% of humic acid, not more than 5% of insoluble substance and K2O is more than or equal to 12 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 15 percent.
The livestock and poultry manure is one or more of pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure.
The mass ratio of the cow dung to the chicken dung is 1: 3.
The biochar provided by the invention is one or two of straw biochar and tobacco stem biochar.
The mushroom dregs are one or more of agaricus bisporus mushroom dregs, mushroom dregs and black fungus
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco-planting soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the mushroom dregs and oil dregs to 80 meshes, adding 2-3 times of water by weight, soaking and ammoniating for 12-16 days at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and filtering to remove excessive water to obtain residues;
(2) putting the residue in the step (1) into a microwave treatment machine, adjusting the microwave power to 210- & ltSUB & gt and 250 w- & ltSUB & gt, and performing microwave radiation for 6-10min for later use;
(3) mixing the treated mushroom dregs and oil cakes in the step (2) with livestock and poultry manure, adjusting the water content to 60%, mixing uniformly, and stacking and fermenting for 6-10 days;
(4) and (3) crushing humic acid and charcoal powder to 80 meshes, adding the crushed humic acid and charcoal powder into the fermentation material in the step (3), uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 20%, and granulating.
Humic acid can promote the formation of soil granular structure, improve soil exchange capacity, loosen and porous soil, and regulate water, fertilizer and gas of soil. The heat condition, improve soil water retention, fertility retention, ability, effectively adjust soil gas, solid, liquid proportion, increase the quantity of beneficial microorganism of soil, improve the activity of soil enzyme, and humic acid can produce certain acidization to the rhizosphere soil, especially suitable for the alkaline soil, help the growth of the tobacco and improvement of the quality, humic acid to soil pH value, organic matter, soil enzyme effects, can improve the physicochemical property of the soil planting the tobacco, improve the biological activity of the soil, thus help the release of the soil mineral nutrition and tobacco plant to the effective use of nutrition; the biochar has a developed pore structure, a large specific surface area, contains various mineral substances required by biological growth, has strong adsorption capacity on certain substances, can promote the adsorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, improves the soil fertility-maintaining performance, and improves the soil; the chitosan can promote the growth of the root system of the tobacco seedling; the organic matters of oil cake, bacterial slag and livestock and poultry manure are used in a matching way, which is beneficial to the accumulation of tobacco seedling vegetations and organic matters and the enhancement of the fertilizer supply capacity of soil, so that the humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco planting soil prepared by the invention can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the tobacco planting soil, and is beneficial to the release of mineral nutrition of the soil and the effective utilization of the nutrition by tobacco plants.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
A humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 parts of humic acid, 16 parts of straw biochar, 6 parts of cow dung, 18 parts of chicken manure, 8 parts of oil cake, 6 parts of mushroom fungus residue, 8 parts of black fungus residue, 6 parts of dolomite powder and 4 parts of chitosan.
The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco planting soil is prepared by the following method:
(1) crushing mushroom dregs, black fungus dregs and oil cake to 80 meshes, adding 2-3 times of water by weight, soaking and ammoniating for 12-16 days at 30-35 ℃, and filtering to remove excessive water to obtain residues;
(2) putting the residue in the step (1) into a microwave treatment machine, adjusting the microwave power to 210- & ltSUB & gt and 250 w- & ltSUB & gt, and performing microwave radiation for 6-10min for later use;
(3) mixing the processed mushroom dregs, black fungus dregs and oil cake in the step (2) with cow dung and chicken dung, adjusting the water content to 60%, mixing uniformly, and stacking and fermenting for 6-10 days;
(4) and (3) crushing humic acid and straw charcoal powder to 80 meshes, adding the crushed humic acid and straw charcoal powder into the fermentation material in the step (3), uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 20%, and granulating.
Example 2
A humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of straw biochar, 8 parts of tobacco stem biochar, 4 parts of cow dung, 4 parts of pig dung, 12 parts of chicken manure, 6 parts of oil cake, 13 parts of black fungus residues, 8 parts of dolomite powder and 3 parts of chitosan.
The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco planting soil is prepared by the following method:
1) crushing Auricularia auricula residues and oil dregs to 80 meshes, adding 2-3 times of water by weight, soaking and aminating for 12-16 days at 30-35 ℃, and filtering to remove excessive water to obtain residues;
(2) putting the residue in the step (1) into a microwave treatment machine, adjusting the microwave power to 210- & ltSUB & gt and 250 w- & ltSUB & gt, and performing microwave radiation for 6-10min for later use;
(3) mixing the black fungus residues and oil cakes treated in the step (2) with cow dung, pig dung and chicken dung, adjusting the water content to be 60%, uniformly mixing, and then stacking and fermenting for 6-10 days;
(4) and (3) crushing humic acid, straw biochar and tobacco stem biochar into 80 meshes, adding the crushed materials into the fermentation material in the step (3), uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 20%, and granulating.
Example 4
A humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33 parts of humic acid, 14 parts of tobacco stem biochar, 18 parts of chicken manure, 13 parts of oil cake, 10 parts of mushroom dregs, 6 parts of dolomite powder and 6 parts of chitosan.
The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco planting soil is prepared by the following method:
(1) crushing mushroom dregs and oil cake to 80 meshes, adding 2-3 times of water by weight, soaking and ammoniating for 12-16 days at 30-35 ℃, and filtering to remove excessive water to obtain residues;
(2) putting the residue in the step (1) into a microwave treatment machine, adjusting the microwave power to 210- & ltSUB & gt and 250 w- & ltSUB & gt, and performing microwave radiation for 6-10min for later use;
(3) mixing the treated mushroom dregs, oil cake and chicken manure in the step (2), adjusting the water content to 60%, mixing uniformly, and stacking and fermenting for 6-10 days;
(4) and (3) crushing humic acid and tobacco stem charcoal powder to 80 meshes, adding the crushed powder into the fermentation material in the step (3), uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 20%, and granulating.
The test method comprises the following steps:
and (3) yellow soil collection land: 0-25cm soil layer of the boxer yellow soil salt field in Tucata county in Zunyi city in Guizhou province.
The basic indexes of the soil to be tested are detected before fertilization, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic physicochemical Properties of the soil to be tested
The land of two acres is divided into 20 parts on average, 4 parts of the land of each embodiment are randomly selected to be fertilized before tobacco seedling transplantation, and the rest 4 parts of the land are fertilized with tobacco special fertilizer to serve as a comparative example. Applying 6kg of compound fertilizer of the embodiment to each land 10 days before the tobacco seedling transplantation, applying special fertilizer for tobacco in the same amount as the embodiment to a comparative example, and covering a film for transplantation; 0.3kg of potassium nitrate is additionally applied to each part of land 20 days after the transplanting, 0.5kg of potassium nitrate and 0.5kg of potassium sulfate are additionally applied to each part of land 30 days after the transplanting, 0.5kg of potassium nitrate is additionally applied to each part of land 45 days after the transplanting, and 0.55kg of potassium sulfate is additionally applied to each part of land after the topping, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2 different treatments on tobacco phytological traits
TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on tobacco yield
| Treatment of | Yield (kg/hm)-2) | First-class smoke ratio (%) | Middle smoke proportion (%) | Lower smoke proportion (%) |
| Comparative example | 1813.47 | 55.76 | 34.47 | 9.77 |
| Example 1 | 2031.51 | 58.42 | 36.81 | 4.77 |
| Example 2 | 2146.28 | 60.79 | 35.74 | 3.47 |
| Example 3 | 2079.56 | 58.93 | 37.67 | 3.40 |
| Example 4 | 2234.04 | 62.19 | 34.39 | 3.42 |
The test results show that the humic acid compound fertilizer for improving the tobacco planting soil prepared by the invention can effectively promote the growth of tobacco seedlings, improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves and improve the economic benefit of tobacco leaf planting, and the humic acid compound fertilizer can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the tobacco planting soil and is beneficial to the release of mineral nutrition of the soil and the effective utilization of the nutrition by tobacco plants.
Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 28-35 parts of humic acid, 13-18 parts of biochar, 18-25 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 6-13 parts of oil cake, 10-15 parts of mushroom dregs, 4-8 parts of dolomite powder and 2-6 parts of chitosan.
2. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the humic acid contains organic matter not less than 35%, and humic acidAcid is more than or equal to 45 percent, insoluble substance is less than or equal to 5 percent, K2O is more than or equal to 12 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 15 percent.
3. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the livestock manure is one or more of pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure.
4. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the cow dung to the chicken dung is 1: 3.
5. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the biochar is one or two of straw biochar and tobacco stem biochar.
6. The humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom dregs are one or more of agaricus bisporus mushroom dregs, shiitake mushroom dregs and black fungus mushroom dregs.
7. A method for preparing the humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the mushroom dregs and oil dregs to 80 meshes, adding 2-3 times of water by weight, soaking and ammoniating for 12-16 days at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and filtering to remove excessive water to obtain residues;
(2) putting the residue in the step (1) into a microwave treatment machine, adjusting the microwave power to 210- & ltSUB & gt and 250 w- & ltSUB & gt, and performing microwave radiation for 6-10min for later use;
(3) mixing the treated mushroom dregs and oil cakes in the step (2) with livestock and poultry manure, adjusting the water content to 60%, mixing uniformly, and stacking and fermenting for 6-10 days;
(4) and (3) crushing humic acid and charcoal powder to 80 meshes, adding the crushed humic acid and charcoal powder into the fermentation material in the step (3), uniformly mixing, controlling the water content to be 20%, and granulating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010248441.9A CN111499430A (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010248441.9A CN111499430A (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Humic acid compound fertilizer for improving tobacco-planting soil and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113372159A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-10 | 四川金叶化肥有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN113788719A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-14 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Organic fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN115057737A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-16 | 河北嘉邦农业科技有限公司 | Decomposition type compound fertilizer mixed with humic acid and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-04-01 CN CN202010248441.9A patent/CN111499430A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113372159A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-10 | 四川金叶化肥有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN113788719A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-14 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Organic fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN115057737A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-16 | 河北嘉邦农业科技有限公司 | Decomposition type compound fertilizer mixed with humic acid and preparation method thereof |
| CN115057737B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-10-20 | 河北嘉邦农业科技有限公司 | Decomposition type compound fertilizer doped with humic acid and preparation method thereof |
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