CN109762571A - A kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method - Google Patents
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109762571A CN109762571A CN201910069692.8A CN201910069692A CN109762571A CN 109762571 A CN109762571 A CN 109762571A CN 201910069692 A CN201910069692 A CN 201910069692A CN 109762571 A CN109762571 A CN 109762571A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 235000013606 potato chips Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000675108 Citrus tangerina Species 0.000 claims 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to water-loss reducer of soil fields, and in particular to a kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method.The draught resisting and water retaining is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 10~20 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of diatomite, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 20~40 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;The plant drymeal is prepared in accordance with the following methods: by potato slice, drying, obtaining dry potato chips;Fruit waste is dried and obtains dry fruit;It is crushed after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtains plant drymeal;The additive is EM bacterium or nano-titanium dioxide.Draught resisting and water retaining provided by the invention uses environment-friendly type raw material, can improve soil texture, moisture can be absorbed when pouring water, and releasable moisture is utilized for plant absorption when dry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-loss reducer of soil fields, and in particular to a kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and user
Method.
Background technique
China's national territorial area about 60% is the above are arid, semiarid, grassland climate area, wherein more than 500,000,000 mu of nonirrigated farmland area,
Soil water deficit seriously affects the growth of plant perhaps crops in order to guarantee the healthy growths such as plant or crops, greatly
Power development hydraulic engineering is extremely important, and effective irrigation means can constantly promote plant growth, and can save water resource,
It is utilized water resource sufficiently.
In the prior art, there are some water-loss reducer of soil, soil water-retaining rate can be improved, promote plant growth.Such as
Chinese patent CN 104447120B discloses a kind of soil organic water retainer and preparation method thereof, including modified konjaku powder, yellow rotten
The components such as acid, potassium hydroxide, ferrous sulfate, the raw material environmental protection used, environmental pollution is small, but the water-retaining agent main purpose
It is to keep moisture, reduces water loss, plant products cannot be improved.Therefore, it is necessary to develop one kind to be retained but also improve
The water-retaining agent of plant products.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method, which is protected
Aqua can be retained but also improve the water-retaining agent of plant products.
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining provided by the invention, is made: poly-aspartate of the raw material components of following parts by weight
80~120 parts, 10~20 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of diatomite, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 20~40 parts of plant drymeal, initiator
3~10 parts, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared in accordance with the following methods: by potato slice, drying, obtaining arid soil
Beans piece;Fruit waste is dried and obtains dry fruit;It is crushed after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtains plant drymeal;
The additive is EM bacterium or nano-titanium dioxide.
Preferably, above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, the plant drymeal are prepared according to method in detail below: will
Potato is cut into the potato chips of 2~4mm thickness, 40~60 DEG C of dryings to moisture content≤5%, obtains dry potato chips;Fruit is given up
40~60 DEG C of dryings of gurry obtain dry fruit to moisture content≤5%;80 are ground into after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed
~100 mesh powders obtain plant drymeal.
Preferably, above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, the fruit waste is after banana skin, orange peel or sugar cane crushing
Bagasse in a kind of or inoculation mixture.
Preferably, above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, the initiator are ammonium persulfate or potassium peroxydisulfate, the crosslinking agent
For polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 20~40 parts of bentonite, diatomite 10
~20 parts, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 10~20 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, additive 0~
0.3 part;
S2 mixes the weighed each component of S1, and obtained mixture is crushed to 100~200 mesh powder, addition and mixture
The water of 1/2~4/5 mass, 80~90 DEG C of 30~60min of heat preservation are crushed to 100~200 mesh powder after dry again, obtain soil
Earth anti-drought water-retaining agent.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 20~40 parts of bentonite, diatomite 10
~20 parts, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 10~20 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, additive 0~
0.3 part;
Poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/10~1/8 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed by S2, are crushed
To 100~200 mesh powder, material A is obtained;
By diatomite, initiator, crosslinking agent, additive, remaining weight part bentonite mix, be crushed to 100~200
Mesh powder obtains material B;
Material A is for being wrapped in the surface of the seed, and material B is for being wrapped in material A surface.
The present invention also provides a kind of application methods of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps: by poly- asparagus fern
Propylhomoserin, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/10~1/8 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed, and are crushed to 100~200 mesh powder, are obtained
Obtain material A;The bentonite of diatomite, additive, remaining weight part is mixed, 100~200 mesh powder are crushed to, obtains material
B;
Water is added into material A to stir evenly, obtains soak;Seed is immersed in 10~30min in the soak,
It takes out, drains away the water, obtain the seed for being enclosed with material A, then the seed for being enclosed with material A is immersed in material B, 5~
It is taken out after 30min, the seed for being enclosed with material B is obtained, for sowing.
Preferably, the application method of above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, the quality that water is added in material A is material A gross mass
3~6 times.
Preferably, the application method of above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, after planting 1~3 day, to processing seed after remaining object
The water for being equivalent to 100~1000 times of surplus material A mass is added in material A, it is sufficiently dark to close, fertilizer A is obtained, sowing soil is topdressed
In earth, 5~10L per acre.
Preferably, the application method of above-mentioned draught resisting and water retaining, it is further comprising the steps of: before sowing, seed will be handled
Remaining material B is topdressed wait sow in soil afterwards, per acre 3~5kg.
Compared with prior art, draught resisting and water retaining and preparation method and application method provided by the invention at least have
Below the utility model has the advantages that
Draught resisting and water retaining provided by the invention uses environment-friendly type raw material substantially, can improve soil texture, Ke Yi
Moisture is absorbed when pouring water, releasable moisture is utilized for plant absorption when dry, reaches good Water-saving effect.Use therein
Poly-aspartate can be effectively improved soil hardening situation, supplement soil fertility, effective preservation of fertility and soil moisture;Using
Plant drymeal microelement rich in and growth promoter, promote plant germinate and takes root under drought condition, improve plant
Object survival rate and yield.
The present invention is made the first of seed pelleting after mixing poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid, a small amount of bentonite
Layer material A, this layer of material A are directly contacted with seed convenient for its influence substance of neutron absorption, diatomite, additive, initiator, friendship
Join agent, remaining weight part bentonite made of material B have molding effect, furthermore be wrapped in material A outer layer, can be used as loose
Layer makes to keep logical oxygen around seed.
Germination test and emergence test result show: draught resisting and water retaining of the present invention can make wheat and corn seed low
Still it can germinate and emerge under conditions of water content, compared to control seed, the germination percentage and emergence rate for testing seed are obviously mentioned
It is high.
By studying influence of the different application methods to crop yield, the results showed that compared to common planting patterns, originally
The application method of invention draught resisting and water retaining can effectively improve wheat yield.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not restricted by specific implementation.The test method of actual conditions is not specified in the following example, usually according to normal condition
Operation, the test material source being not specified be it is commercially available, due to not being related to inventive point, therefore its step is not described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of draught resisting and water retainings, are made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: poly-aspartate
80~120 parts, 10~20 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of diatomite, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 20~40 parts of plant drymeal, initiator
3~10 parts, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared in accordance with the following methods: by potato slice, drying, obtaining arid soil
Beans piece;Fruit waste is dried and obtains dry fruit;It is crushed after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtains plant drymeal;
The additive is EM bacterium or nano-titanium dioxide.
Poly-aspartate is a kind of amino acid polymer, is naturally present in snail and mollusk shell, is a kind of biology
Good, the environmentally friendly substance of degradability;Poly-aspartate has corrosion inhibition, soil hardening situation can be effectively improved, to carbon
The elimination of the substances such as sour calcium has good effect;Poly-aspartate water sorption with super strength can absorb rainwater, irrigation water
Deng, and can effectively keep soil moisture;Poly-aspartate has chelation, can be by each ingredient in present invention water conservation agent prescription
Aggregation, effective preservation of fertility and soil moisture.In addition, poly-aspartate itself is also a kind of nitrogenous fertilizer, it can quilt after degradation
Soil or plant absorption, for providing fertility.
Bentonite is a kind of claystone, has viscosity, thixotropy and lubricity, has to gas, liquid, organic matter
Very strong adsorption capacity, maximal absorptive capacity cooperate up to 5 times of own wts, bentonite with other components in water-retaining agent of the present invention
It uses, the plasticity and cementability of water-retaining agent can be improved, the surface of the seed can be wrapped in as far as possible, or broadcast with seed
The specific position kind into soil, will not flow because of water loss, entire plant growth its can other well
Retain water and nutrients effect.
Diatomite effect played in water-retaining agent of the present invention is the polymerizing power and reunion ability improved between each component.
Humic acid is the macromolecular organic matter being widely present in nature, and the pH value of the alkaline land soil improves soil
Hardened situation, remaining bentonite, diatomite, which are applied in combination to make in the surface of the seed, to be coated, and reaches fertilizer slow release effect.
The plant drymeal that the present invention uses, which can promote plant and germinate under drought condition, takes root, and improves plant survival rate and production
Amount.
The initiator and crosslinking agent and be combined together other raw materials that the present invention uses, improve Water-saving effect.
Draught resisting and water retaining of the invention includes following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: 100 parts of poly-aspartate, bentonite
15 parts, 20 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 3 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8 parts of humic acid, 30 parts of plant drymeal;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared according to method in detail below: potato is cut into the soil of 2~3mm thickness
Beans piece, 40 DEG C be dried to moisture content≤5%, obtain dry potato chips;By 40 DEG C of fruit waste be dried to moisture content≤
5%, obtain dry fruit;100 mesh powders are ground into after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtain plant drymeal.
The fruit waste is banana skin.
Embodiment 2
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: 120 parts of poly-aspartate, bentonite
10 parts, 10 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of plant drymeal, 5 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 10 parts of polyethylene glycol;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared according to method in detail below: potato is cut into the soil of 2~3mm thickness
Beans piece, 60 DEG C be dried to moisture content 4%, obtain dry potato chips;It is dried to moisture content 4% by 60 DEG C of fruit waste,
Obtain dry fruit;80 mesh powders are ground into after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtain plant drymeal.
The fruit waste is the bagasse after sugar cane crushing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: 80 parts of poly-aspartate, bentonite 20
Part, 15 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of humic acid, 40 parts of plant drymeal, 10 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.1 part of additive;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared according to method in detail below: potato is cut into the soil of 3~4mm thickness
Beans piece, 50 DEG C be air-dried at room temperature to moisture content 5%, obtain dry potato chips;50 DEG C of fruit waste are air-dried at room temperature to moisture
Content 5% obtains dry fruit;100 mesh powders are ground into after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtain plant drymeal.
The fruit waste is orange peel;The additive is nano-titanium dioxide.By research of the invention, discovery
It after being added to nano-titanium dioxide, can effectively prevent plant disease, compared with conventional seed planting patterns, use embodiment 3
Draught resisting and water retaining after, the plant rate of catching an illness reduces 13.4%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining is made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: 110 parts of poly-aspartate, bentonite
13 parts, 18 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of humic acid, 35 parts of plant drymeal, 3 parts of potassium peroxydisulfate, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.3 part of additive;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared according to method in detail below: potato is cut into the soil of 1~2mm thickness
Beans piece, 45 DEG C be dried to moisture content≤5%, obtain dry potato chips;By 45 DEG C of fruit waste be dried to moisture content≤
5%, obtain dry fruit;80 mesh powders are ground into after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtain plant drymeal.
The fruit waste be banana skin, bagasse according to mass ratio 1:1 mixture;The additive is EM bacterium,
EM bacterium is a kind of Mixed Microbes, comprising photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria etc. beneficial to mushroom, can reduce soil disease, can especially drop
Remaining stalk object in soil is solved, soil fertility is improved, promotes plant growth.
Embodiment 5
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining, identical as the formula of embodiment 1, difference is: potassium peroxydisulfate is changed to persulfuric acid
Polyethylene glycol is changed to polyvinyl alcohol by ammonium;The fruit waste is that the bagasse after banana skin, orange peel, sugar cane crushing is pressed
According to the mixture of mass ratio 3:1:2.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of draught resisting and water retaining, including with
Lower embodiment.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by the formula of embodiment 1;
Poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/10 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed, are crushed to 100 by S2
Mesh powder obtains material A;The bentonite of diatomite, potassium peroxydisulfate, polyethylene glycol, remaining weight part is mixed, is crushed to 100
Mesh powder obtains material B;Material A is for being wrapped in the surface of the seed, and material B is for being wrapped in material A surface.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by the formula of embodiment 3;
Poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/8 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed, are crushed to 200 by S2
Mesh powder obtains material A;The bentonite of diatomite, potassium peroxydisulfate, polyethylene glycol, remaining weight part is mixed, is crushed to 200
Mesh powder obtains material B;Material A is for being wrapped in the surface of the seed, and material B is for being wrapped in material A surface.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of draught resisting and water retainings of embodiment 6~7 preparation
Application method, including following embodiment.
Embodiment 8
A kind of application method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
(1) material A and material B is prepared according to the method for embodiment 6: i.e. poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid
It is sufficiently mixed with the bentonite of 1/10 parts by weight, is crushed to 100 mesh powder, obtain material A;By diatomite, potassium peroxydisulfate, poly- second
The bentonite mixing of glycol, remaining weight part, is crushed to 100 mesh powder, obtains material B;
(2) water that addition is equivalent to 3 times of material A total weight in material A stirs, and obtains soak;By seed
It is immersed in 10min in the soak, takes out, drains away the water, the seed for being enclosed with material A is obtained, then will be enclosed with material A
Seed be immersed in material B, taken out after 5min, obtain and be enclosed with the seed of material B, for sowing.
Embodiment 9
A kind of application method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
(1) material A and material B is prepared according to the method for embodiment 7: i.e. poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid
It is sufficiently mixed with the bentonite of 1/8 parts by weight, is crushed to 200 mesh powder, obtain material A;By diatomite, potassium peroxydisulfate, poly- second
The bentonite mixing of glycol, additive, remaining weight part, is crushed to 200 mesh powder, obtains material B;
(2) water that addition is equivalent to 6 times of material A total weight in material A stirs, and obtains soak;By seed
It is immersed in 30min in the soak, takes out, drains away the water, the seed for being enclosed with material A is obtained, then will be enclosed with material A
Seed be immersed in material B, taken out after 30min, obtain and be enclosed with the seed of material B, for sowing.
(3) after planting the 1st day, to processing seed after be added in remaining material A and be equivalent to 1000 times of surplus material A
Water, it is sufficiently dark to close, fertilizer A is obtained, is topdressed in sowing soil, per acre 10L.
Embodiment 10
A kind of application method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
(1) material A and material B is prepared according to the method for embodiment 7: i.e. poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid
It is sufficiently mixed with the bentonite of 1/8 parts by weight, is crushed to 200 mesh powder and obtains material A;By diatomite, potassium peroxydisulfate, poly- second two
The bentonite mixing of alcohol, additive, remaining weight part, is crushed to 200 mesh powder, obtains material B;
(2) water that addition is equivalent to 4 times of material A total weight in material A stirs, and obtains soak;By seed
It is immersed in 20min in the soak, takes out, drains away the water, the seed for being enclosed with material A is obtained, then will be enclosed with material A
Seed be immersed in material B, taken out after 20min, obtain and be enclosed with the seed of material B, for sowing.
(3) remaining material B after processing seed is sprayed on wait sow in soil, per acre 5kg by 8h before sowing.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides the preparation method of another draught resisting and water retaining, packets
Include following embodiment.
Embodiment 11
A kind of preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 20~40 parts of bentonite, diatomite 10
~20 parts, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 10~20 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, additive 0~
0.3 part;
S2 mixes the weighed each component of S1, and obtained mixture is crushed to 100 mesh powder, is added and 1/2 matter of mixture
The water of amount, 80 DEG C of heat preservation 60min, is crushed to 100 mesh powder after 90 DEG C of dryings again, obtains draught resisting and water retaining.
Embodiment 12
A kind of preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining, comprising the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by the formula of embodiment 4;
S2 mixes the weighed each component of S1, and obtained mixture is crushed to 200 mesh powder, is added and 4/5 matter of mixture
The water of amount, 90 DEG C of heat preservation 30min, is crushed to 200 mesh powder after 80 DEG C of dryings again, obtains draught resisting and water retaining.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of draught resisting and water retainings of embodiment 11~12 preparation
Application method, it is as follows: draught resisting and water retaining being mixed with seed according to the mass ratio of 5~30:1, is then sowed together
In soil.
Control group
A kind of draught resisting and water retaining, essentially identical with the draught resisting and water retaining of embodiment 1, difference is not use
Plant drymeal.
Below with the draught resisting and water retaining of embodiment 1,3,4 as test group, it is investigated to wheat seed, maize seed
The facilitation of son.
One, test seed preparation
(a) experiment Spring Wheat Seed and corn seed are chosen, resists the soil of embodiment 1 referring to the method for embodiment 8
The formula of non-irrigated water-retaining agent is prepared into material A and material B, and wraps up Spring Wheat Seed, corn seed respectively, and it is small to obtain test respectively
Wheat Seeds A and test corn seed A;
(b) using embodiment 3 draught resisting and water retaining formula, and referring to the method for above-mentioned (a) prepare test it is small
Wheat Seeds B and test corn seed B;
Test Wheat Species are prepared using the formula of the draught resisting and water retaining of embodiment 4, and referring to the method for above-mentioned (a)
Sub- C and test corn seed C;
Test Wheat Species are prepared using the formula of the draught resisting and water retaining of control group, and referring to the method for above-mentioned (a)
Sub- D and test corn seed D;
(c) separately wheat seed, corn seed without any processing is taken to be soaked in 15min in sterile water, after taking-up, drained
Moisture obtains control wheat seed and control corn seed respectively.(c) 15min is equivalent to (a), material A, material B in (b)
Handle the summation of time.
Two, germination test
We choose respectively test wheat seed A, test corn seed A, test wheat seed B, test corn seed B,
It is beautiful to test wheat seed C, test corn seed C, test wheat seed D, test corn seed D, control wheat seed and control
Each 100, seed, rice, (according to general planting experience, this contains the interior plantation of growth cabinet in the matrix of water content 70~80%
Under water numerical value, wheat and corn germination rate highest) more than soil in, the 4th day when, measures germination percentage;
Test wheat seed A, test corn seed A, test wheat seed B, test corn seed B, test are chosen respectively
Wheat seed C, test corn seed C, test wheat seed D, test corn seed D, control wheat seed and control maize seed
Son each 100, the interior plantation of growth cabinet is in the matrix of water content 40~45% (according to general planting experience, this water content
Under numerical value, wheat and corn germination rate are low) soil in, the 4th day when, measures germination percentage;
The results are shown in Table 1 for the germination percentage of difference group processing mode seed, as shown in Table 1, uses soil of the invention
Earth anti-drought water-retaining agent can make wheat and corn seed that can still germinate under conditions of low water content, and compare wheat and control jade
Rice germination percentage under the drought condition of water content 40~45% is lower.
1 percentage of seedgermination of table
Two, emergence test
Test wheat seed A, test corn seed A, test wheat seed B, test corn seed B, test are chosen respectively
Wheat seed C, test corn seed C, test wheat seed D, test corn seed D, control wheat seed and control maize seed
Son each 100, in a manner of one hole of one kind dibbling plantation in the soil of water content 40~45% (according to general planting experience,
Under this aqueous numerical quantity, wheat and corn emergence rate are low) soil in, the 10th day when, measures emergence rate;
The results are shown in Table 2 for the emergence rate of difference group processing mode seed, as shown in Table 2, is protected using the present invention
Aqua can make wheat and corn seed that can still emerge under conditions of low water content, and compare wheat and control corn aqueous
Emergence rate is lower under the drought condition of amount 40~45%.
2 seeding ratio of table
Three, influence of the different application methods of draught resisting and water retaining to crop yield.
Material A and material B is prepared by taking wheat seed as an example, using the method for embodiment 6 in we respectively, then uses
The method of embodiment 8 (2) prepares wheat seed, for sowing, is denoted as test group 1;Test group 2 is on the basis of test group 1
The step of more embodiment 9 (3);The step of test group 3 is more embodiment 10 (3) on the basis of test group 1;Test group 4
It is more embodiments 9 (3) and the step of embodiment 10 (3) on the basis of test group 1;The seed of test group 5 does not do any place
Reason is directly planted.The conventional field management during wheat growth of above-mentioned each group calculates yield after harvest.
The yield of test group 1 is 1054.1 pounds/acre, and the yield of test group 2 is 1140.3 pounds/acre, and the yield of test group 3 is
1134.1 pounds/acre, the yield of test group 4 is 1201.4 pounds/acre, and the yield of test group 5 is 949.7 pounds/acre.The results show that this
The application method of invention can effectively improve wheat yield.
Four, the water conservation test of draught resisting and water retaining
On the basis of the formula of embodiment 3, material A and material B is made according to the method for embodiment 6, then by material A and
The mass mixings such as material B are uniform, obtain test water-retaining agent one;On the basis of the formula of embodiment 3, the method for embodiment 11 is made
Test water-retaining agent two.
Test the water retention measurement of water-retaining agent one: taking field soil, drying to constant weight, and the soil 8g of constant weight and test are protected
One 2g of aqua is mixed, and obtains mixture A, is added water to saturation moisture content (subject to obvious water droplet spilling), is obtained mixture B,
Mixture B is laid in diameter 10cm culture dish, as experimental group one.
Test the water retention measurement of water-retaining agent two: processing mode with test water-retaining agent one, difference is that " water-retaining agent will be tested
One replaces with test water-retaining agent two ", as experimental group two.
Control group: the constant weight soil of any water-loss reducer of soil is not added as a control group.
Above-mentioned processing group, which is placed in room temperature, makes moisture volatilize naturally, for 24 hours after, weighing, measurement water retention=(in culture dish for 24 hours
Mixture A mass in mixture B mass-culture dish afterwards) × 100%/(mixture in mixture B mass-culture dish in culture dish
A mass).
The water retention of experimental group one is 49.8%, and the water retention of experimental group two is 53.6%, and the water retention of control group is
39.1%.The water-loss reducer of soil for illustrating that the present invention improves can effectively keep moisture.
It should be noted that involved in the present invention when numberical range, it is thus understood that two endpoints of each numberical range with
And any one numerical value can be selected between two endpoints, since the step method of use is identical as embodiment, go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married in order to prevent
It states, the present invention describes preferred embodiment., but technology people in the art although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Member is once know basic creative concept, then additional changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments.So appended right
It is required that being intended to be construed to includes preferred embodiment and all change and modification for falling into the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of draught resisting and water retaining, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material components of following parts by weight: poly-aspartate 80~
120 parts, 10~20 parts of bentonite, 10~20 parts of diatomite, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 20~40 parts of plant drymeal, initiator 3~
10 parts, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;
Wherein, the plant drymeal is prepared in accordance with the following methods: by potato slice, drying, obtaining dry potato chips;
Fruit waste is dried and obtains dry fruit;It is crushed after the dry potato chips, dry fruit are mixed, obtains plant drymeal;
The additive is EM bacterium or nano-titanium dioxide.
2. draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant drymeal is according in detail below
What method was prepared: potato chips that potato is cut into 2~4mm thickness, 40~60 DEG C of dryings are done to moisture content≤5%
Dry potato chips;By 40~60 DEG C of dryings of fruit waste to moisture content≤5%, dry fruit is obtained;By the dry potato chips, do
80~100 mesh powders are ground into after fruit mixing, obtain plant drymeal.
3. draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fruit waste is banana skin, tangerine
A kind of or inoculation mixture in bagasse after sub- skin or sugar cane crushing.
4. draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the initiator is ammonium persulfate or mistake
Potassium sulfate, the crosslinking agent are polyethylene glycol or polyvinyl alcohol.
5. the preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 20~40 parts of bentonite, diatomite 10~20
Part, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 10~20 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;
S2 mixes the weighed each component of S1, and obtained mixture is crushed to 100~200 mesh powder, is added and mixture 1/2
The water of~4/5 mass, 80~90 DEG C of 30~60min of heat preservation are crushed to 100~200 mesh powder after dry again, and it is anti-to obtain soil
Non-irrigated water-retaining agent.
6. the preparation method of draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
S1 weighs each component by following parts by weight: 80~120 parts of poly-aspartate, 20~40 parts of bentonite, diatomite 10~20
Part, 5~10 parts of humic acid, 10~20 parts of plant drymeal, 3~10 parts of initiator, 3~10 parts of crosslinking agent, 0~0.3 part of additive;
Poly-aspartate, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/10~1/8 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed, are crushed to by S2
100~200 mesh powder obtain material A;The bentonite of diatomite, initiator, crosslinking agent, additive, remaining weight part is mixed
It closes, is crushed to 100~200 mesh powder, obtain material B;
Material A is for being wrapped in the surface of the seed, and material B is for being wrapped in material A surface.
7. a kind of application method of draught resisting and water retaining described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: will gather
Aspartic acid, plant drymeal, humic acid and the bentonite of 1/10~1/8 parts by weight are sufficiently mixed, and are crushed to 100~200 mesh powder
End obtains material A;The bentonite of diatomite, initiator, crosslinking agent, additive, remaining weight part is mixed, it is crushed to 100~
200 mesh powder obtain material B;
Water is added into material A to stir evenly, obtains soak;Seed is immersed in 10~30min in the soak, is taken
Out, it drains away the water, obtains the seed for being enclosed with material A, then the seed for being enclosed with material A is immersed in material B, 5~
It is taken out after 30min, the seed for being enclosed with material B is obtained, for sowing.
8. the application method of draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the matter of water is added in material A
Amount is 3~6 times of material A gross mass.
9. the application method of draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
After planting 1~3 day, to processing seed after be added in remaining material A and be equivalent to 100~1000 times of surplus material A mass
Water, it is sufficiently dark to close, obtain fertilizer A, topdress in sowing soil, per acre 5~10L.
10. the application method of draught resisting and water retaining according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of: broadcasting
Before kind, remaining material B after processing seed is topdressed wait sow in soil, per acre 3~5kg.
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CN116171778A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-30 | 山西农业大学 | Water-release drought-resistant mulching film and sowing method thereof |
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