CN104692873A - Special ecological fertilizer for watermelon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special ecological fertilizer for watermelon and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special ecological fertilizer for watermelon. The special ecological fertilizer for watermelon is mainly prepared from 20-30% of an ecological organic fertilizer, 5-10% of humic acid, 1-2% of a humic acid mini-fertilizer and 60-70% of an inorganic chemical fertilizer. A preparation method of the special ecological fertilizer comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an EM (effective microorganism) agent; then adding rapeseed cakes, poultry and livestock manure and plant stalks at a certain ratio into the EM agent, adjusting the water content and the pH value, stirring, fermenting the mixture in a high-temperature aerobic fermentation tank to obtain the ecological organic fertilizer; mixing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and ammonium sulfate at a certain ratio uniformly to obtain the inorganic chemical fertilizer; and finally mixing the obtained ecological organic fertilizer and the obtained inorganic chemical fertilizer with the prepared humic acid and the prepared humic acid mini-fertilizer according to the ratio, granulating, drying, and sieving to obtain the special ecological fertilizer for watermelon. The special ecological fertilizer disclosed by the invention can be used for increasing the yield of watermelon and improving the quality of watermelon and has the advantages of high resource utilization rate and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertiliser production and preparation field, particularly relate to a kind of watermelon fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is application of organic fertilizers material country the earliest, and approximately start from Yin generation, organic fertilizer is the main body of agriculture production always.Until the 50-60 age in last century, China starts the construction being devoted to chemical fertilizer industry, and the usage quantity of organic fertilizer just reduces year by year.After the nineties, China produces the nutrient demand substantially meeting China's agriculture production with the chemical fertilizer of a large amount of import voluntarily, and no longer rely on organic fertilizer to meet the demand of crop to nutrient, organic fertilizer usage quantity is less than 30%.In recent years, along with using in a large number of inorganic fertilizer, the safety of the agricultural-food such as heavy metal contamination, gourd, fruit and vegetable are tasteless, body eutrophication, quality problem and agricultural environment environmental degradation problem become more and more serious.Therefore, country is in order to improve the security of agricultural environment and raising agricultural-food, and vigorously advocating modern agriculture should many organic fertilizers Shaoshi inorganic fertilizer.
The advantage of application of organic fertilizers is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. after fertilizer is manured into soil, and through microbial decomposition, can constantly discharge nutrient needed for various crop, discharge great amount of carbon dioxide simultaneously, promotes photosynthesis, improves crop yield.2. fertilizer also has improvement soil, improves the effect of productivity of cultivated land.Can soil ulmin be converted into after organic fertilizer application, promote soil aggregate, improve soil fertilizer, water conservation, heat-insulating property, improvement soil.3. fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer compounding application, emergency can help mutually, complements each other, can significantly improve utilization ratio and the fertilizer efficiency of chemical fertilizer.4. application of organic fertilizers can also improve crop yield, improves crops quality.Fertilizer, in decomposition and inversion process, improves and optimizes crop alimentary condition, and not only increase crop to the absorption of nutrient, strengthen metabolism, stimulating growth is grown, and also substantially increases the quality of agricultural-food.5. application of organic fertilizers can also strengthen microorganism active.Organic fertilizer is not only conducive to the quantity increasing Soil Microorganism, also for good environment is created in the activity of Soil Microorganism, strengthens microorganism active, promotes that microorganism is to the decomposition and inversion ability of organic fertilizer.In addition, using of fertilizer can also prevent the pollution of the environment, and reduces pathophoresis.Organic waste is the source of manure, is again source of pollution, makes full use of organic fertilizer, is the effective measure of environmental quality of turning waste into wealth, improve.
Watermelon is deeply by the fruit that human consumer likes, the cash crop that Ye Shi China is important, year cultivated area rank first in the world.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, good taste sugared from single height to the requirement of quality of watermelon, turn to safety, high-quality, good taste, organic farming then makes the quality of watermelon be greatly improved.At present, the organic farming of domestic and international watermelon is produced and is in the starting stage, and the production of many qualification organizations to organic watermelons does not have clear and definite regulation.The Organic farming that OFDC (Environmental Protection Department Organic food development center) promulgates is produced in primary standard and is pointed out; the application that industrialized agriculture organic farming production hollow G&W divides is substantially the same with conventional cultivation, and difference is the control techniques of improvement of soil fertility technology and disease and pest.So some high yields of application, the fertilising gordian technique of high-quality can be applied to organic farming equally in the conventional cultivating watermelon production of facility, this is existing relevant report at home and abroad.Wherein, applying organic manure has irreplaceable effect to the quality improving watermelon.But there are some researches show watermelon list organic fertilizer, because the fertilizer efficiency period of fertilizer is long, be supplied with a process slowly from decomposing, therefore plant early growth growing way is on the weak side, not only affects the quality of Female flower differentiation, and affects fruit-setting rate; And arrived fruit expanding period and can not meet the rapid, high volume demand of Watermelon Fruit to rich water, thus cause that single fruit weight is little, output is significantly on the low side, have impact on the economic benefit that watermelon is produced.
For this reason, we are necessary to develop a kind of watermelon ecological fertilizer special that can be applicable to cultivating watermelon, and fully research its on the impact of Watermelon Fruit quality and output, to for reasonable development with utilize the economic benefit of fertilizer and raising organic farming watermelon to provide foundation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the deficiency and defect mentioned in above background technology, there is provided one can increase the yield of watermelon, improve quality of watermelon, resource utilization is high, cost is low, soil fertility, the significant watermelon ecological fertilizer special of ecological benefits can be improved, the also corresponding preparation method that a kind of watermelon ecological fertilizer special is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of watermelon ecological fertilizer special, and described watermelon ecological fertilizer special comprises the component of following massfraction:
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, described ecological organic fertilier adopts the raw material comprising following massfraction component to prepare after the abundant fermentation maturity of high-temperature aerobic fermentation process:
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, described EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum is obtained primarily of being cultivated by basic culture solution after photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus compound, activating, breed.
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, to be various active material obtain described humic acids after hydrolysis, is animals and plants through long-term physics, chemistry, biological action and the complicated organism (commercially available) that formed; There is fertilizer synergistic, improve soil, stimulate plant growth and improve the functions such as agricultural product quality.
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, the micro-fertilizer of described humic acids refer to by chelating technique by humic acids and trace element chelated after the activated compound trace element fertilizer of tool for preparing.
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, the micro-fertilizer of described humic acids comprise in humic acids boron, humic acids magnesium, zinc humic acid one or several.
Above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferably, described inorganic fertilizer obtains primarily of the component mixture processing treatment of following massfraction:
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum: by comprise photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus composite bacteria cultivated by basic culture solution, activation, breeding, obtain EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum (also commercially available);
(2) ecological organic fertilier is prepared: join in the obtained EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum of step (1) by the rapeseed cake of above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, fowl and animal excrement, straw, regulate moisture controlled 50% ~ 60%, pH is regulated to control 7 ~ 9 with alkaline matter, then be uniformly mixed the fermentation of rear feeding high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove, after fermentation ends, namely deodorizing obtains ecological organic fertilier;
(3) inorganic fertilizer is prepared: make inorganic fertilizer by after the urea of above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and the even mixture of ammonium sulfate;
(4) humic acids of above-mentioned obtained ecological organic fertilier, inorganic fertilizer and preparation, the micro-fertilizer of humic acids are carried out even mixture by above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, then enter tablets press through fragmentation and carry out granulation; Drying after granulation, screening, cooling, packaging, obtain watermelon ecological fertilizer special.
The preparation method of above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferred: the processing condition of described high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove fermentation comprise: controlling heap high altitude is 50 ~ 80cm, and width is 500 ~ 550cm, and controlling the highest leavening temperature is 55 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C; When center leavening temperature reaches the highest fermentation temperature controlling range, opening knife chip turnover throwing machine carries out automatic turning throwing, and a fermentation period is 30 days, turns over throwing 4 ~ 5 times in a fermentation period, and a fermentation period fermentation ends secondary fermentation temperature of charge reduces to normal temperature.
The preparation method of above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, preferred: described tablets press is drum granulating machine; Described drying is dry 30 ~ 35min at 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C; Described Sieving and casing controls at 1 ~ 4mm.
The confect mechanism of the watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the invention described above is as follows: according to the fertile feature of the need of watermelon, utilize modern biotechnology fermentation technique and EM composite bacteria, high-temperature aerobic trough type fermentation is carried out to rapeseed cake, fowl and animal excrement, straw mixture, its quick fermentation is degraded larger molecular organics material formed can absorbed small organic molecule, as amino acid, higher fatty acid etc.Watermelon ecological fertilizer special is made by after above-mentioned ecological organic fertilier, humic acids, the micro-fertilizer of humic acids and inorganic fertilizer by a certain percentage mixture, use the early growth and quick tiller that fertilizer of the present invention can not only meet watermelon growing tendril in early stage, and a large amount of absorptions of later stage to nutrient of bearing fruit that can ensure to bloom, reach the object that strong fruit is promoted production.
The inherent component target of the watermelon ecological fertilizer special that the present invention is above-mentioned is: total nutrient (the effective P of N+
2o
5+ K
2o) content>=32%, organic>=15%, humic acids>=5%, amino acid>=2%, fertilizer granularity (1 ~ 4mm)>=70%.Fertilizer formula N-P of the present invention
2o
5-K
2o reaches GB18877-2009 requirement, and wherein organic matter reaches 15%, and amino acid reaches 2%, adds humic acids and humic acid chelating thing simultaneously, make formula more can meet watermelon growing growth requirement in fertilizer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. fertilizer combines with inorganic fertilizer by the present invention, by the scientific matching of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, effectively improves the economic benefit of organic farming watermelon.Experiment shows, watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention can significantly improve the content of soluble solid in Watermelon Fruit, reduces the content of nitrate, can significantly improve the fruit-setting rate of watermelon simultaneously, thus significantly improve the output of watermelon, reach the object of increasing both production and income.
2. watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention is not only organic-inorganic complex fertilizer, and be wherein rich in humic acids, humic acids can promote the growth of root system of plant, strengthen improving activity of root system, and promote increase, the prolongation of secondary root, nutrient in soil can be absorbed comprehensively fast, for watermelon early stage germination and bloom enough nutrition assurance be provided.Humic acid fertilizer also can make crop drought resistance ability improve simultaneously, and watermelon is a kind of happiness water crop, and the annual water requirement of watermelon growing is large, is the guarantee of watermelon growing at the drought-resistant ability in season that average rainfall is less.Humic acids adds in watermelon ecological fertilizer special as fertilizer additive by we, it enters after in plant materials, hormesis is played to plant, be mainly manifested in the activity enhancing of the increase of respiratory intensity, photosynthetic increase, various enzyme, thus make plant growth vigorous, branch stem is strong, and strong flower shedding in advance, obtains high yield, high level.
3. watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention is rich in multiple amino acids and trace element, is comprehensive multifunctional organic fertilizer.After the present invention adds appropriate Biologically-fermentorganic organic fertilizer, the function of existing traditional fertilizer, the amino acid simultaneously in fertilizer can supplement needed for plant-growth, stimulate and regulate crop to grow fast, impel watermelon growing healthy and strong, promote the absorption to nutritive substance, accelerate its growth and breeding.
4. watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention not only directly can supply crop nutrition content, and can be used as the nutrition improvement agent of soil, promotes that root system of plant is flourishing, strengthens the metabolic function of plant, improve photosynthesis, reach the object of improvement soil fertility.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, hereafter will do to describe more comprehensively, meticulously to the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, hereinafter used all technical terms are identical with the implication that those skilled in the art understand usually.The object of technical term used herein just in order to describe specific embodiment is not be intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the various starting material, reagent, instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention are all bought by market and are obtained or prepare by existing method.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention, this watermelon ecological fertilizer special comprises the component of following quality:
In the watermelon ecological fertilizer special of above-mentioned the present embodiment, ecological organic fertilier adopts the raw material comprising following massfraction component to prepare after the abundant fermentation maturity of high-temperature aerobic fermentation process:
In above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum is obtained primarily of being cultivated by basic culture solution after photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus compound, activating, breed.Humic acids is that various active material obtains after hydrolysis.This humic acids is animals and plants through long-term physics, chemistry, biological action and the complicated organism formed; There is fertilizer synergistic, improve soil, stimulate plant growth and improve the functions such as agricultural product quality.The micro-fertilizer of humic acids of the present embodiment refer to by chelating technique by humic acids and trace element chelated after the activated compound trace element fertilizer of tool for preparing, what comprise in humic acids boron, humic acids magnesium, zinc humic acid is multiple.
In above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, inorganic fertilizer is obtained (on following formula basis, suitably can add secondary and micro-element fertilizers) by the component mixture processing treatment of following massfraction:
The preparation method of above-mentioned watermelon ecological fertilizer special, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum: by comprise photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus composite bacteria cultivated by basic culture solution, activation, breeding, obtain EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum; Also NG5202 hot catalyst high-rate composting zymophyte can be bought as EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum from Guangzhou Nongguan Biotech Co., Ltd. of producer;
(2) ecological organic fertilier is prepared: take rapeseed cake 450kg, fowl and animal excrement 375kg and straw 175kg by above-mentioned quality proportioning, add EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum 1.5kg obtained in step (1), regulate moisture controlled 50% ~ 60%, pH is regulated to control 7 ~ 9 with alkaline matter, then the fermentation of rear feeding high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove is uniformly mixed, the processing condition of high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove fermentation comprise: controlling heap high altitude is 50 ~ 80cm, width is 500 ~ 550cm, and controlling the highest leavening temperature is 55 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C; When center leavening temperature reaches the highest fermentation temperature controlling range, opening knife chip turnover throwing machine carries out automatic turning throwing, a fermentation period is 30 days, throwing 4 ~ 5 times is turned in a fermentation period, a fermentation period fermentation ends secondary fermentation temperature of charge reduces to normal temperature, and after fermentation ends, namely deodorizing obtains ecological organic fertilier;
(3) inorganic fertilizer is prepared: take urea 240kg, monoammonium phosphate 220kg by above-mentioned quality proportioning, potassium sulfate 340kg, ammonium sulfate 200g be pulverized and mixed evenly and namely obtain inorganic fertilizer;
(4) humic acids of above-mentioned obtained ecological organic fertilier, inorganic fertilizer and preparation, the micro-fertilizer of humic acids (humic acids and the micro-fertilizer of humic acids commercially available) are carried out even mixture by above-mentioned quality proportioning, then enter roller pelletizer through fragmentation and carry out granulation; After granulation, dry 30 ~ 35min, 1 ~ 4mm screening at 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C, then carries out metering packing, is transported to stockyard and namely obtains N-P after packaging after cooling room is cooled to normal temperature
2o
5-K
2o is the watermelon ecological fertilizer special of 12-6-14.After testing, organic >=15% in this watermelon ecological fertilizer special, humic acids >=5%, amino acid >=2%, adds humic acids and humic acid chelating thing in fertilizer simultaneously, makes formula more can meet watermelon growing growth requirement.
The watermelon ecological fertilizer special of above-mentioned the present embodiment is carried out community simultaneous test on watermelon is produced, and concrete test situation is as follows:
Application Example 1
(1) materials and methods
1. experimental field overview
Test is carried out in the place, two, Bei Hu village, He Matang town of osiery Zhou Zhen Xinhe River village of Junshan District, Hunan Yueyang.Soil is moisture soil, and Monitoring annual soil losses is: pH value 6.4, organic 17.1g/kg, full nitrogen 1.13g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 144.1mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 29.5mg/kg, available potassium 93.3mg/kg.Watermelon is the general cultivation kind in local land for growing field crops for examination material.
2. test design
Adopt field plot simultaneous test.Two process are established in test: the watermelon ecological fertilizer special prepared in (1) embodiment of the present invention, N-P
2o5-K
2o is 12-6-14, and organic>=15%, humic acids>=5%, amino acid>=2%, every mu of amount of application is 60kg.(2) control treatment, be the common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer in locality, every mu of amount of application is 60kg.Test is carried out in land for growing field crops, and 3 repetitions are established in each process, and plot area is 667m
2, each community random alignment, planting density 500 strains/667m
2.
Fertilization time is in late Febuary, 2013, and in order to do, base manure is disposable to be spread fertilizer over the fields fertilization mode, and March 5 transplanted melon seedling, and other later stage fertilizer, water, pencil reason is consistent, and only controls base manure variable.
3. the observation of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
After the field planting of watermelon seedling survives, the phase of bearing fruit in blooming measure plant under different treatment climing length, stem is thick, leaf is long, Ye Kuan, and observation is recorded female flower flowering period, is saved position, female flower number etc., often repeats to get 10 individual plants and detects.
4. the yield of watermelon
Under observing different treatment condition respectively in the watermelon phase of bearing fruit, bear fruit several, single melon weight, the cell production of individual plant, add up the mean value of each repetition as observed value.
5. Watermelon Fruit attributional analysis
Ripening stage detects soluble solid content in Watermelon Fruit with saccharous detector, adopts Whitfield's ointment digestion method to measure nitrate content in fruit, tastes the sense organ carrying out quality and flavor simultaneously and detects, often repeat to get 10 single melons by mouthfeel.
(2) results and analysis
1. different treatment is on the impact of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
As can be seen from following table 1, the economical characters such as, Ye Kuan, leaf length, branches thick at the average climing length of process plant of osiery Zhou Zhen He Matang town watermelon ecological fertilizer special, stem are all better than common fertilizer process, and field observation is prosperous to plant growing way, stem stalk slightly, area of crawling is large.Visible, adopt watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention, early stage, inorganic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency was rapidly and not strong, and later stage fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is long and lack, and provided sufficient nutrient the whole vegetative period for watermelon.
Table 1: different treatment is on the impact of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
Note: in table 1, data are 3 repetition mean values.
2. different treatment is on the impact of the yield of watermelon and economic benefit
As can be seen from following table 2, not only individual plant number of bearing fruit is higher for the watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present embodiment, single fruit weight, amount to per mu yield, produce throw than also comparatively common fertilizer improve, calculate by market price 5 yuan/kg, how every mu can be brought the income of 800 ~ 1000 yuan to peasant household, visible, use the income that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention can improve peasant to a certain extent.
Table 2: different treatment is on the impact of the yield of watermelon and economic benefit
Note: in table 2, data are 3 repetition mean values.Other management, each side expense such as artificial are all by 3000 yuan except fertilizer expenses for input cost, and watermelon unit price calculates by 5 yuan/kg.
3. different treatment is on the impact of quality of watermelon
In watermelon, soluble solid is the important indicator detecting quality of watermelon, and nitrate is then the important indicator detecting objectionable impurities in watermelon, and wherein nitrate can by becoming nitrite for the watermelon of standing storage, and nitrite can cause people poisoning even directly dead.As can be seen from following table 3 directly, the edge soluble solid difference of two process fruits is not obvious, but uses the content that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention effectively can improve fruit center soluble solid.It is 256mg/kg that the content of nitrate uses conventional fertilizer, and the watermelon ecological fertilizer special using the present embodiment is only 112mg/kg, reduces 56.25%, visible, uses the effect that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention can play the quality improving watermelon.
Table 3: different treatment is on the impact of quality of watermelon
Application Example 2:
(1) materials and methods
1. experimental field overview
Test is carried out in San Lian village of Shuan Long township, Lixian County, changde, hunan province city.Soil is moisture soil, and Monitoring annual soil losses is: pH value 6.3, organic 18.1g/kg, full nitrogen 1.23g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 134.1mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 28.8mg/kg, available potassium 95.3mg/kg.Watermelon is the general cultivation kind in local land for growing field crops for examination material.
2. test design
Adopt field plot simultaneous test.Two process are established in test: the watermelon ecological fertilizer special prepared in (1) embodiment of the present invention, N-P
2o5-K
2o is 12-6-14, and organic>=15%, humic acids>=5%, amino acid>=2%, every mu of amount of application is 60kg.(2) control treatment, be the common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer in locality, every mu of amount of application is 60kg.Test is carried out in land for growing field crops, and 3 repetitions are established in each process, and plot area is 667m
2, each community random alignment, planting density 500 strains/667m
2.
Fertilization time is from late March, 2014, and in order to do, base manure is disposable to be spread fertilizer over the fields fertilization mode, and March 15 transplanted melon seedling, and other later stage fertilizer, water, pencil reason is consistent, and only controls base manure variable.
3. the observation of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
After the field planting of watermelon seedling survives, the phase of bearing fruit in blooming measure plant under different treatment climing length, stem is thick, leaf is long, Ye Kuan, and observation is recorded female flower flowering period, is saved position, female flower number etc., often repeats to get 10 individual plants and detects, add up the mean value of each repetition.
4. the yield of watermelon
Under observing different treatment condition respectively in the watermelon phase of bearing fruit, bear fruit several, single melon weight, the cell production of individual plant, add up the mean value of each repetition as observed value.
5. Watermelon Fruit attributional analysis
Ripening stage detects soluble solid content in Watermelon Fruit with saccharous detector, adopts Whitfield's ointment digestion method to measure nitrate content in fruit, tastes the sense organ carrying out quality and flavor simultaneously and detects, often repeat to get 10 single melons by mouthfeel.
(2) results and analysis
1. different treatment is on the impact of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
As can be seen from following table 4, the economical characters such as, Ye Kuan, leaf length, branches thick at the average climing length of the process plant of Shuan Long village watermelon ecological fertilizer special, stem are all better than common fertilizer process, and field observation is prosperous to plant growing way, stem stalk slightly, area of crawling is large.Visible, adopt watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention, early stage, inorganic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency was rapidly and not strong, and later stage fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is long and lack, and provided sufficient nutrient the whole vegetative period for watermelon.
Table 4: different treatment is on the impact of watermelon Other Main Agronomic Characters
Note: in table 4, data are 3 repetition mean values.
2. different treatment is on the impact of the yield of watermelon and economic benefit
As can be seen from following table 5, not only individual plant number of bearing fruit is higher for the watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present embodiment, single fruit weight, amount to per mu yield, produce throw than also comparatively common fertilizer improve, calculate by market price 5 yuan/kg, how every mu can be brought the income of 1000 ~ 1200 yuan to peasant household, visible, use the income that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention can improve peasant to a certain extent.
Table 5: different treatment is on the impact of the yield of watermelon and economic benefit
Note: in table 5, data are 3 repetition mean values.Other management, each side expense such as artificial are all by 3000 yuan except fertilizer expenses for input cost, and watermelon unit price calculates by 5 yuan/kg.
3. different treatment is on the impact of quality of watermelon
In watermelon, soluble solid is the important indicator detecting quality of watermelon, and nitrate is then the important indicator detecting objectionable impurities in watermelon, and wherein nitrate can by becoming nitrite for the watermelon of standing storage, and nitrite can cause people poisoning even directly dead.As can be seen from following table 6 directly, the edge soluble solid difference of two process fruits is not obvious, but uses the content that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention effectively can improve fruit center soluble solid.It is 236mg/kg that the content of nitrate uses conventional fertilizer, and the watermelon ecological fertilizer special using the present embodiment is only 118mg/kg, reduces 50.00%, visible, uses the effect that watermelon ecological fertilizer special of the present invention can play the quality improving watermelon.
Table 6: different treatment is on the impact of quality of watermelon
Conclusion and discussion
Can find out that all there is the effect strengthening and improve the aspect such as economical character, output, quality of the present invention to watermelon from above-mentioned two test-results.The watermelon ecological fertilizer special that the present invention adopts, wherein contained biological organic fertilizer and the micro-fertilizer of humic acid can improve the rhizospheric environment of cultivating watermelon, activating soil, improve the crumb structure of soil, strengthen the fertilizer conservation water retention capacity of soil, can also watermelon growing be stimulated, provide watermelon growing process necessary trace element, joining to execute and can meet the tight demand of watermelon to macroelement such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simultaneously down at inorganic fertilizer.
Claims (10)
1. a watermelon ecological fertilizer special, is characterized in that, described watermelon ecological fertilizer special comprises the component of following massfraction:
2. watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ecological organic fertilier adopts the raw material comprising following massfraction component to prepare after the abundant fermentation maturity of high-temperature aerobic fermentation process:
3. watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum is obtained primarily of being cultivated by basic culture solution after photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus compound, activating, breed.
4. the watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, described humic acids is that various active material obtains after hydrolysis.
5. the watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, the micro-fertilizer of described humic acids refer to by chelating technique by humic acids and trace element chelated after the activated compound trace element fertilizer of tool for preparing.
6. watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the micro-fertilizer of described humic acids comprise in humic acids boron, humic acids magnesium, zinc humic acid one or several.
7. the watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to claim 1,2 or 3, is characterized in that, described inorganic fertilizer obtains primarily of the component mixture processing treatment of following massfraction:
8. a preparation method for the watermelon ecological fertilizer special according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum: by comprise photosynthetic bacteria, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycete group and bacillus aceticus composite bacteria cultivated by basic culture solution, activation, breeding, obtain EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum;
(2) ecological organic fertilier is prepared: join in the obtained EM composite bacteria microbial inoculum of step (1) by the rapeseed cake of above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, fowl and animal excrement, straw, regulate moisture controlled 50% ~ 60%, pH is regulated to control 7 ~ 9 with alkaline matter, then be uniformly mixed the fermentation of rear feeding high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove, after fermentation ends, namely deodorizing obtains ecological organic fertilier;
(3) inorganic fertilizer is prepared: make inorganic fertilizer by after the urea of above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and the even mixture of ammonium sulfate;
(4) humic acids of above-mentioned obtained ecological organic fertilier, inorganic fertilizer and preparation, the micro-fertilizer of humic acids are carried out even mixture by above-mentioned massfraction proportioning, then enter tablets press through fragmentation and carry out granulation; Drying after granulation, screening, cooling, packaging, obtain watermelon ecological fertilizer special.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the processing condition of described high-temperature aerobic fermentation groove fermentation comprise: controlling heap high altitude is 50 ~ 80cm, and width is 500 ~ 550cm, and controlling the highest leavening temperature is 55 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C; When center leavening temperature reaches the highest fermentation temperature controlling range, opening knife chip turnover throwing machine carries out automatic turning throwing, and a fermentation period is 30 days, turns over throwing 4 ~ 5 times in a fermentation period, and a fermentation period fermentation ends secondary fermentation temperature of charge reduces to normal temperature.
10. preparation method according to claim 8 or claim 9, is characterized in that: described tablets press is drum granulating machine; Described drying is dry 30 ~ 35min at 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C; Described Sieving and casing controls at 1 ~ 4mm.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105036844A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆市益丰生物肥有限公司 | Preparation method of specific watermelon fertilizer and product thereof |
| CN107082688A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-22 | 太仓绿丰农业资源开发有限公司 | A kind of growth of watermelon bio-organic fertilizer and its production method |
| CN107129375A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of greenhouse watermelon chemical fertilizer |
| CN107188725A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ecological, environmental protective organic fertilizer |
| CN107298620A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-27 | 南农新农村发展研究院句容有限公司 | The fertilizer and preparation method of a kind of greenhouse watermelon |
| CN107556117A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 润丰达生态农业科技（随州）有限公司 | A kind of special micro-balance Eco-fertilizer of chinquapin and its preparation method and application |
| CN107628886A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-26 | 润丰达生态农业科技（随州）有限公司 | A kind of special micro-balance Eco-fertilizer of yellow peach and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981619A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 陕西佳上肥料科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for watermelons and preparation method thereof |
| CN112979368A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 长江大学 | Ecological organic fertilizer special for watermelon and production method thereof |
| CN113234624A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-10 | 北京丰泰民安生物科技有限公司 | Ferment microbial inoculum, composite functional microbial inoculum and special fertilizer for watermelon |
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| CN103159560A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-19 | 陕西新华农物资有限公司 | Enhancing fertilizer special for watermelons |
| CN103880524A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-25 | 张超 | Environment-friendly high-yield EM bacteria fermentation compound fertilizer for watermelons |
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| CN103159560A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-19 | 陕西新华农物资有限公司 | Enhancing fertilizer special for watermelons |
| CN102643139A (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2012-08-22 | 安徽瑞然生物药肥科技有限公司 | Active biological medicine fertilizer specially used for watermelon |
| CN103880524A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-25 | 张超 | Environment-friendly high-yield EM bacteria fermentation compound fertilizer for watermelons |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105036844A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 重庆市益丰生物肥有限公司 | Preparation method of specific watermelon fertilizer and product thereof |
| CN107082688A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-22 | 太仓绿丰农业资源开发有限公司 | A kind of growth of watermelon bio-organic fertilizer and its production method |
| CN107129375A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of greenhouse watermelon chemical fertilizer |
| CN107188725A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 合肥浦邦农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of ecological, environmental protective organic fertilizer |
| CN107298620A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-27 | 南农新农村发展研究院句容有限公司 | The fertilizer and preparation method of a kind of greenhouse watermelon |
| CN107556117A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 润丰达生态农业科技（随州）有限公司 | A kind of special micro-balance Eco-fertilizer of chinquapin and its preparation method and application |
| CN107628886A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-26 | 润丰达生态农业科技（随州）有限公司 | A kind of special micro-balance Eco-fertilizer of yellow peach and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981619A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 陕西佳上肥料科技有限公司 | Special organic fertilizer for watermelons and preparation method thereof |
| CN112979368A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 长江大学 | Ecological organic fertilizer special for watermelon and production method thereof |
| CN113234624A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-10 | 北京丰泰民安生物科技有限公司 | Ferment microbial inoculum, composite functional microbial inoculum and special fertilizer for watermelon |
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