CN104560045B - Microbial bacterial agent and chemical fertilizer excessively use growth-promoting secondary saline and alkaline and prone soil improved application - Google Patents
Microbial bacterial agent and chemical fertilizer excessively use growth-promoting secondary saline and alkaline and prone soil improved application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104560045B CN104560045B CN201510014631.3A CN201510014631A CN104560045B CN 104560045 B CN104560045 B CN 104560045B CN 201510014631 A CN201510014631 A CN 201510014631A CN 104560045 B CN104560045 B CN 104560045B
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Abstract
The invention provides microbial composite, it includes the strains such as acetobacter aceti, beauveria bassiana, Azospirillum brasilense, Nocardia cellulans, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, green muscardine fungus, Trichoderma aureoviride, it can stablize and be combined in microbial inoculum, in the soil of a variety of improvement can long-term surviving and play a role, the adaptability in improved soil/soil is good, enables in particular to effectively improve a variety of soil such as secondary salinization of land and prone soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of microbial fermentation, specifically, the present invention relates to microbial composite, it is although bacterium
Kind of quantity is more, but its microbial inoculum produced is stable, and these cooperation compared with multi-cultur es make it possible to fitting for soil/soil of improvement
Answering property is good, can effectively improve a variety of soil such as secondary salinization of land and prone soil.
Background technology
Irrational farming, including excess reclamation plantation, it is unreasonable irrigation and/or excessively apply chemical fertilizer（It is especially long-term
Use single kind chemical fertilizer）, the salinization of soil is easily caused, or even desertify, that is, form secondary salinization of land and/or desertify ground.I
State's agro-farming is with a long history, and the historical accumulation of salt-soda soil and desertification ground area is a lot, especially the salinization of soil and the trend desertified
So far do not obtain the torsion of essence also, from since the establishment of the nation, the whole nation at least increase newly 10,000,000 mu of arable lands, 35,250,000 mu of meadows and
95850000 mu of forest lands are desertified, salinization of soil and degeneration（During desertification）Soil it is more.
The present inventor is directed to the research of microorganism improved soil, is preceding having been obtained for Chinese Patent No.
No. 200910169275 are waited soil amelioration techniques, using 25 kinds of agent complex living, in strand（It is primary）Salt-soda soil and straw mattress
Good regulation effect is obtained on the soil such as alkaline earth salt-soda soil；Later, the present inventor had further researched and developed Chinese patent
No. 201210441532 are waited alkaline land improving technology, in the technology for reducing part strain, again provide a kind of strand former
The improvement microbial inoculum in raw salt-soda soil.However, the inventors discovered that, soil/soil of these microbial composite/microbial inoculums developed previously
Ground adaptability is limited, to part salt-soda soil（Especially secondary salinization of land）Improved effect with the ground that desertifies is not notable, have impact on and pushes away
Wide effect.
However, to solve adaptability of the microbial composite to a variety of soil/soils, the solution of prior art is pair
Every kind of soil/soil separately designs the combination of microorganism.The present inventor is not limited by such a existing thinking, through studying for a long period of time
And practice, the combination of 31 kinds of microorganism fungus kinds is accidentally obtained, the adaptability to a variety of soil/soils is good, especially have studied
The compound stability of strain, innovatively with the addition of " harmony " strain so that the microbial inoculum that so many strain is composited, wherein respectively
Strain, which can be stablized, survives, the blue-green algae that could can only especially grow in certain circumstances, the matter of the microbial inoculum between each batch
Amount is stable, is promoted so as to commercialization.Even if moreover, with the addition of acetobacter aceti, Nocardia cellulans, green muscardine fungus and
The condition of culture such as blunt epimerite spiral shell algae are unique or even have the bacterium of conflict, but the microbial inoculum of the present invention is still able to according to this hair
A person of good sense is prepared in the production procedure of preceding patented technology, and operating personnel and production facility all continued to use, saved Productive statistics and
Cost.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the modifying agent improved with being used for secondary salinization of land and/or desertification for fermenting and producing
Microbial composite and/or microbial inoculum, wherein all microorganisms can stablize survival and long-term role, to secondary saline and alkaline
The improvement adaptability on ground and/or the ground that desertifies is good, and its modifying agent produced that ferments can effectively support plant in secondary saline and alkaline and sand
Change aerial, so as to be improved to secondary saline and alkaline and desertification.In addition, the present invention also aims to provide by above-mentioned
Modifying agent and application and method that microbial composite and/or bacteria fermentation are produced etc..
Specifically, in a first aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide microbial composite living, it is by line film acetic acid
Bacillus（Acetobacter aceti）, beauveria bassiana（Beauveria bassiana）, Azospirillum brasilense
（Azospirllum brasilense）, Nocardia cellulans(Nocardia cellulans), bacillusmusilaginosiengineering(Bacillus mucilaginosus), green muscardine fungus（Metarhizium anisopliae）, Trichoderma aureoviride(Trichoderma aureoviride), blunt epimerite spiral shell algae（Arthrospiraplatensis）, beans cellulomonas cartae
(Cellulomonasfabia), bacillus stearothermophilus（Bacillus sterothermophilus）, Lactobacillus casei
（Lactobacillus casei）, formic acid methagen（Methanobacterium formicium）, ruminate methagen
（Methanobacterium ruminantium）, Thiobacillus thioxidans（Thiobacillus thiooxidans）, oxidation it is sub-
Iron Thiobacillus（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）, bacillus licheniformis（Bacillus licheniformis）, glue
Bacillus（Bacillus polymyxa）, streptomyces thermophilus（Streptomyces thermophilus）, common high temperature puts
Line bacterium（Thermoactinomyces vulgaris）, bending thermomonospora fusca（Thermonospora curvata）, brown it is solid
Nitrogen bacterium（Azotobacter vinelandii）, Nitrosomonas europaea（Nitrosomonas europeae）, Vickers nitrification
Bacillus（Nitrobacter winogradskyi）, rihizobium japonicum（Rhizobium japonicum）, rhizobium leguminosarum
（Rhizobium leguminosarum）, aspergillus oryzae（Aspergillus oryzae）, brewer's yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）, point mould（Penicillium notatum）, Humicola insolens（Humicola insolens）, few spore root
It is mould（Rhizopus oligosporus）And Rhizoctonia cerealis（Rhizoctonia cerealis）Composition.
Although the blue-green algaes such as blunt epimerite spiral shell algae are not belonging to bacterium, routine still can be identified as strain, in microorganism
They are also referred to as cyanobacteria in field.Strain can be convenient by conventional bacterial classification identification separation method by those skilled in the art
Ground is isolated from nature, but for the ease of control fermenting and producing quality, it is preferred to use strain be affiliated Pseudomonas
Type sepecies or common strain, such as by the strain of commercial channel open purchase, such as by domestic and international Spawn incubation company
Purchase, can also pass through biomaterial collection（Such as, domestic CGMCC and CCTCC and the ATCC in the U.S. etc.）Purchase.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each strain is purchased from grand celebration Bao Si biotechnologies Co., Ltd.
In second aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide microbial bacterial agent, it is as described in first aspect present invention
What microbial composite and matrix were obtained by mixing, and it includes the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention.Wherein,
It includes the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention, on the one hand shows that this will not be caused due to antagonism and miscellaneous bacteria
Any of microbial composite described in invention first aspect strain is inactivated；On the other hand show, although part strain, such as
Acetobacter aceti, Nocardia cellulans, green muscardine fungus and blunt epimerite spiral shell algae etc., condition of culture it is unique in addition have conflict and
Be difficult to individually or this it is several it is common survived in matrix, but the microbial composite collective effect described in first aspect present invention
And either of which is survived.
For in a first aspect, some of which strain can secrete antibiotic, such as streptomyces thermophilus and point mould, and if do not have
There is antibiotic compacting, the stability of strain during the next miscellaneous bacteria of stable matrix belt can disturb microbial inoculum is difficult to from quality, but each
When kind strain is largely mixed in microbial inoculum matrix and is finally mixed in fermentation raw material, without observable antibiotic antagonism effect
Should, the unstability that miscellaneous bacteria brings also is not observed, this be probably because microbial inoculum prepare and fermentation process in, antibiotic sheet
Body is limited the antagonistic effect of other strains or cooperation of strain there is collaboration tolerance, such effect is unexpected
's.For second aspect, although part strain, such as acetobacter aceti, Nocardia cellulans, green muscardine fungus and blunt epimerite spiral shell algae
Deng, condition of culture it is unique in addition have conflict and be difficult to individually or this it is several it is common survived in matrix, but the present inventor
It is expected that being the supplement by some " harmony " strains and its metabolite so that matrix environment is adapted to the survival of these strains, this
A little strains for being difficult to cultivate in matrix are typically that can not expect carrying out such combination, and the determination of " harmony " strain and are used
Even more it is difficult to expect.In a word, in practice, all strains have large number of viable in the microbial inoculum of preparation, and ratio is stable, can
So that fermentation process is normally carried out.It is preferred that the quantity of each strain is the number range shown in table 1.1 in every gram of microbial inoculum, i.e., with table
Such as less numerical value shown in 1.1 is lower limit, using the larger numerical value shown in table 1.1 as the scope of the upper limit, in every gram microbial inoculumAcetobacter acetiQuantity be 3.30 x 107~3.38 x 107；And for example in every gram of microbial inoculumAzospirllum brasilenseQuantity be 1.21 x 108~1.33 x 108。
It is preferred that in the second aspect of the present invention, the matrix that the microbial bacterial agent includes can sterilization treatment cross,
Can also be without sterilization treatment.Being mainly used for of matrix adheres to microorganism, is uniformly dispersed, therefore in matrix often
There is string（Typically plant fibrous discarded object）；In order that the strain in microbial bacterial agent being capable of long-term surviving, matrix
In preferably also include microbial nutrition composition, such as animal wastes, animal-based protein, plant source protein and/or single cell protein
It is white etc..Common sponge has wood chip, rice husk, rice chaff, stalk etc.；Common animal wastes have human faecal mass, cow dung, pig
Excrement, chicken manure etc.；Common animal-based protein has fish meal etc.；Common plant source protein has bean powder etc.；Single cell protein leads to
It is usually used in feed, but the inventors discovered that is favorably improved depositing for strain using single cell protein during preparing microorganism microbial inoculum
Amount living, therefore contain single cell protein in preferred substrate, common single cell protein such as Chinese patent application CN1426460A,
Those described in CN1607908A etc., can be bought by such as Norferm DA of Norway.Preferred in terms of, the matrix bag
The one or more of string, animal wastes, animal-based protein, plant source protein and single cell protein are included, more preferably
The matrix include wood chip, rice husk, rice chaff, stalk, cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, fish meal, one kind of bean powder and single cell protein or
A variety of, most preferably described matrix is the mixture of rice husk, cow dung, fish meal, soy meal and single cell protein.
In addition, in terms of one independent, the present invention also aims to provide for described in second aspect of the present invention
The preparation method of microbial bacterial agent, it includes the step for mixing the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention with matrix
Suddenly.Operate, preferably mixed in equal volume with the bacterium solution for cultivating each strain for convenience, it is also preferred that the quality such as each composition is mixed in matrix
Close.It is preferred that after the step of mixing, the step of preparation method also includes at room temperature placing the mixture of gained.This
Sample, can be such that strain breeds in matrix and form stable ratio.Herein, room temperature has those skilled in the art institute energy
The implication of understanding, for the sake of clarity, it refers to that temperature, between 15 and 30 degrees Celsius, is preferably between 18 and 25 degrees Celsius, most
Preferably 22 degrees Celsius.The time generally placed is 2-10 weeks, until stable strain survival volume ratio can be formed, placement
Time is preferably 3-8 weeks, more preferably 4-7 weeks, most preferably 5 weeks.The middle preferred pair mixture ventilation placed, can be by turning over
Move, stir to be passed through gas, such as stirring 1-5 times weekly makes mixture ventilate.
In the third aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide the modifying agent improved for secondary salinization of land and/or desertification,
It is formed by the microbial bacterial agent described in second aspect of the present invention to animal wastes and string fermentation.
Herein, term " secondary salinization of land " has meaning known in those skilled in the art, refers to being distributed in
Arid, the soil of semiarid zone, originally can be with planting plants（Including crops）, but it is unreasonable because irrigating, it is excessive to apply
Chemical fertilizer, causes level of ground water to rise, and causes solubility salt constantly to be accumulated in upper soll layer or soil.With primary salinization of land not
Together, secondary salinization of land received various fertilizer components originally, so the efficiency for reusing fertilizer component processing is not generally high, and
More rely on the effect for the soil remediation that the microorganism survived in soil plays for counsel.
Herein, term " soil desertification " has meaning known in those skilled in the art, refers to due to salt marsh
The soil particle refinement caused with strong wind deflation etc., productivity of plant, which declines, even thoroughly to be lost.
The modifying agent of the present invention can be mixed with secondary saline and alkaline or the ground that desertifies topsoil when applying, preferably can be with
Secondary saline and alkaline or desertification the earth's surface, more preferably can be with secondary saline and alkaline or desertification ground to the soil mixing between following 100cm
Surface between following 50cm soil mixing, most preferably can with secondary saline and alkaline or desertification the earth's surface to following 20cm it
Between soil mixing.Mixing can be by ploughing topsoil and the modifying agent of the present invention being added thereto into mixing.Amount of application can
Determined with the species and growing state according to plant and secondary saline and alkaline or the ground that desertifies concrete condition, usually every square metre
0.5 ~ 50kg, preferably every square metre 1 ~ 20kg, more preferably every square metre 3 ~ 10kg, such as every square metre 5kg.
It is preferred that in the third aspect of the present invention, animal wastes are feces of livestock and poultry, be preferably selected from cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure it
One or more, most preferably cow dung.In addition wherein, preferred plant fiber be selected from wood chip, rice husk, one kind of rice chaff and stalk or
It is a variety of, more preferably rice husk and/or stalk, most preferably rice husk.
In fourth aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of the modifying agent described in third aspect present invention,
It comprises the following steps successively：
（1）Mix microbial bacterial agent, animal wastes and the string described in second aspect of the present invention；
（2）Make step（1）Obtained fermented mixture, until being warming up to 60-70 DEG C, is preferably warming up to 65 DEG C；
（3）Make step（2）Obtained tunning insulation is fermented 5-18 days at 60-70 DEG C, is preferably fermented 7-15 days, optimal
Publish ferment 10 days；With
（4）Make step（3）Obtained tunning insulation is fermented 7-20 days at 45-55 DEG C, is preferably incubated at 48 ~ 52 DEG C,
More preferably it is incubated at 50 DEG C.
Because the fermentation condition of usual modifying agent can not accomplish the clean level of food or industrial goods fermentation, the moment is by posting
The pollution of infested and miscellaneous bacteria, while inherently there is harmful parasite in fermentation raw material（Such as, roundworm egg）With this hair of interference
The miscellaneous bacteria of bright microbial bacterial agent growth, it is therefore desirable to killed and suppressed using the high temperature produced by fermentation.But, the present inventor
It was found that equally can also be influenceed higher than 70 degrees Celsius of high temperature the growth of most of strains in the microbial bacterial agent of the present invention, breeding and
Fermentation, or even some of the microbial bacterial agent of present invention strain can be thoroughly killed, extremely disadvantageous influence is produced to fermentation.Cause
This, the preparation method of secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of the invention should make step（3）Killing parasite and suppress miscellaneous bacteria it is numerous
Temperature should be controlled below 70 DEG C in the step of growing.In step（4）Fermentation process in should also be as keeping appropriate high temperature（50
DEG C or so）, the most suitable growth of most strains, fermentation temperature fermentation not in the microbial bacterial agent of the present invention, to avoid under low temperature
The influence of the too fast growth of miscellaneous bacteria.For wherein step（2）, preferably it is incubated at 65 DEG C；Its heating-up time is usually 2-3 days.For
Wherein step（4）, preferably ferment 10-15 days, most preferably ferment 12 days.The preparation side of the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of the present invention
Control temperature only to need the open frequency and speed by stirring, stirring mixture in fermentation tank in method, pass through control
The number for the extraneous air at room temperature being passed through, can just be controlled, preferably Automated condtrol.
At the 5th aspect, prepared it is an object of the invention to provide the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention
Application process in the modifying agent improved for secondary salinization of land and/or desertification, modifying agent is the present invention the 3rd preferably wherein
Modifying agent described in aspect.
At the 6th aspect, use is being prepared it is an object of the invention to provide the microbial bacterial agent described in second aspect of the present invention
Application process in the modifying agent improved in secondary salinization of land and/or desertification, modifying agent is third party of the present invention preferably wherein
Modifying agent described in face.
At the 7th aspect, secondary salt is being improved it is an object of the invention to provide the modifying agent described in third aspect present invention
Alkali and/or desertification ground in application process.
In eighth aspect, the method improved it is an object of the invention to provide secondary salinization of land and/or desertification, it includes
Modifying agent described in third aspect present invention is administered to the step in secondary salinization of land and/or desertification ground.It is preferred that it also enters one
Step includes, after the step being administered in secondary salinization of land and/or desertification ground, in the secondary salinization of land and/or ground of desertifying
Planting plants.Wherein, plant is preferably arbor, shrub and/or herbaceous plant, such as Chinese scholar tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven and/or torch.
At the 9th aspect, it is an object of the invention to provide with improving secondary salinization of land and/or desertification plant survival rate
Method, it includes the step being administered to the modifying agent described in third aspect present invention in secondary salinization of land and/or desertification ground, so
Planting plants afterwards.Wherein, plant is preferably arbor, shrub or herbaceous plant, such as Chinese scholar tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven and/or torch.It is excellent
Choosing improves secondary salinization of land and/or the ground plant survival rate that desertifies is to improve survival rate year by year, i.e. 1 year survival rate than upper one year
It is higher.
It is preferred that in the 8th and nine aspects of the present invention, the number of times of administration can be annual one to three times, preferably annual
Once.In fact, for the secondary salinization of land described in the specific embodiment of the invention and desertification ground, third party of the present invention
The modifying agent in face can be applied only once, and the later time just can no longer apply, and so considerably reduce and apply workload.Cause
This, it is also preferred that in the 8th and/or nine aspects of the present invention, the number of times of administration is once.
It is preferred that in terms of the five, the six, seven, eight and/or nine of the present invention, strand secondary salinization of land or unreasonable irrigation and
Secondary salinization of land formed by the excessive use of chemical fertilizer, the ground that desertifies is that deterioration of grasslands desertifies ground.
It is preferred that in the aspect of the five, the six, seven, eight and/or nine of the present invention, the improvement on secondary salinization of land and/or the ground that desertifies
During it is basic without soil moved in improve the original, such as amount of the soil moved in improve the original of addition no more than the modifying agent of third aspect present invention amount, preferably not
More than the 50% of the amount of the modifying agent of third aspect present invention, the more preferably no more than amount of the modifying agent of third aspect present invention
30%, more preferably not more than the 10% of the amount of third aspect present invention, most preferably without soil moved in improve the original.Herein, soil moved in improve the original, i.e.,
The soil in other places, can especially make the nonlocal soil of plant normal growth, such as the farmland in other places.In conventional secondary saline and alkaline and sand
Change in ground improvement, it is necessary to use a large amount of soil moved in improve the originals.In the embodiment of the present invention, if all using soil moved in improve the original instead, it is transported
Expend high, also to destroy the soil in soil moved in improve the original source place, and ground improvement of desertifying will also be in face of asking that soil moved in improve the original is degenerated using soil moved in improve the original
Topic, it is more infeasible.And it is currently preferred without soil moved in improve the original, no matter for protecting the fields, or expended for reducing transport, all
With significant benefit.
It is preferred that the present invention the five, the six, seven, eight and/or nine in terms of in, it is secondary it is saline and alkaline and desertify ground 12 after improvement ~
48 months（Preferably 24 ~ 36 months）The microbial composite described in first aspect present invention is inside capable of detecting when, can be detected
All strains survival gone out in said composition.In the embodiment of the present invention, these microorganism fungus kinds can exist for a long time
Activity is maintained in soil, respective function is played.Due to a large amount of strains in the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention
It is not present in natural soil, therefore, it is possible to detect the microbial composite described in first aspect present invention, can detects
All strains survival in said composition, then show to apply modifying agent, the present invention the of third aspect present invention to the soil
The microbial bacterial agent of two aspects or the microbial composite of first aspect present invention.
The excellent effect that the present invention is obtained includes, and strain quantity is although numerous in microbial composite/microbial inoculum of the invention,
But the adaptability of soil improvement is good, wide adaptation range, strain is still able to stable for extended periods of time survival, plays a role；This hair
The method of bright fermenting and producing is easy, and the equipment that required equipment can continue to use prior art, spends low, both easy to spread,
It is also easy to automated production；The modifying agent that the present invention is prepared is particularly suitable for use in improveing the soil of secondary salinization of land and the ground that desertifies
Matter, has filled up the blank of domestic this respect soil improvement, promotes plant growth, improves plant survival rate, and in improved, process
In can be without using soil moved in improve the original, it is to avoid breaking-up farmland, and itself consumption is few, transport burden is light, more can only once apply i.e.
For many years effectively, the benign cycle of improvement is formed.
In order to make it easy to understand, the present invention will be described in detail by specific embodiment and accompanying drawing below.Need
It is emphasized that instantiation is merely to illustrate, and be not meant to limit the scope of the invention.Obviously this area is common
Technical staff can make various modifications and variations to the present invention within the scope of the invention according to illustrating herein, this
A little modifications and variations are also included in the scope of the present invention.In addition, the present invention refer to open source literature, these documents are also for more
The present invention is explicitly described, their entire contents include the present invention referred to, just look like their full text
Repeated description is excessively in description of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown desertified ground using the Chifeng Horqin of 2 years after the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of the present invention and greening
Landscape.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are shown using the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of the present invention to Jilin Baicheng due to excessive useization
Fertilizer and the Rice Cropping landscape of secondary salinization of land caused, wherein Fig. 2 are shown using secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent paddy rice length
Gesture, Fig. 3, which is shown, does not apply secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent paddy rice growing way.
Embodiment
Illustrated below by way of specific embodiment, wherein the material not described in detail especially, step are this area
Known to technical staff, such as it can be found in《Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology》Etc. micro-
Biological books or laboratory manual.
The production of the microbial bacterial agent of embodiment 1
The present embodiment takes preparing microorganism microbial inoculum using following strain：（1）Acetobacter aceti（Acetobacter aceti）、（2）Beauveria bassiana（Beauveria bassiana）、（3）Azospirillum brasilense（Azospirllum brasilense）、（4）Nocardia cellulans(Nocardia cellulans)、（5）Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering(Bacillus mucilaginosus)、（6）Green muscardine fungus（Metarhizium anisopliae）、（7）Trichoderma aureoviride(Trichoderma aureoviride)、（8）Blunt epimerite spiral shell algae（Arthrospiraplatensis）、（9）Beans cellulomonas cartae
(Cellulomonasfabia)、（10）Bacillus stearothermophilus（Bacillus sterothermophilus）、（11）Cheese
Lactobacillus（Lactobacillus casei）、（12）Formic acid methagen（Methanobacterium formicium）、（13）
Ruminate methagen（Methanobacterium ruminantium）、（14）Thiobacillus thioxidans（Thiobacillus thiooxidans）、（15）Thiobacillus ferrooxidans（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）、（16）Bacillus licheniformis
（Bacillus licheniformis）、（17）Bacillus polymyxa（Bacillus polymyxa）、（18）Streptomyces thermophilus
（Streptomyces thermophilus）、（19）Thermoactinomyces vulgaris（Thermoactinomyces vulgaris）、
（20）Bend thermomonospora fusca（Thermonospora curvata）、（21）Azotobacter vinelandii（Azotobacter vinelandii）、（22）Nitrosomonas europaea（Nitrosomonas europeae）、（23）Nitrobacter winogradskyi
（Nitrobacter winogradskyi）、（24）Rihizobium japonicum（Rhizobium japonicum）、（25）Rhizobium leguminosarum
（Rhizobium leguminosarum）、（26）Aspergillus oryzae（Aspergillus oryzae）、（27）Brewer's yeast
（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）、（28）Point mould（Penicillium notatum）、（29）Humicola insolens
（Humicola insolens）、（30）Rhizopus oligosporus（Rhizopus oligosporus）、（31）Rhizoctonia cerealis
（Rhizoctonia cerealis）.Above strain can be according to existing conventional method culture, for convenient for production, present invention implementation
The nutrient solution of each single culture used is purchased from grand celebration Bao Si biotechnologies Co., Ltd in example.The bacterium for respectively taking 1L to buy
The mixing of kind of nutrient solution, forms microbial composite, and with the fresh pig manure of 5kg rice husks, 5kg Jing Guo drying process, 5kg fish meal,
5kg soy meals and 5kg single cell proteins are well mixed, place 5 weeks at room temperature, 3 times are stirred weekly makes mixture ventilate, then low
Temperature is dried to water content<20%, microbial bacterial agent is produced after crushing, it is used for the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of hereafter fermenting and producing.
The microbial bacterial agent of different production batch is taken, culture identification is carried out to wherein each strain, 1.1 is the results are shown in Table, shows microbial bacteria
Every kind of strain has survival in agent, and the amount of survival of every kind of strain all reaches 106It is more than individual/gram microbial inoculum, good stability, this
For having so many strain combination, such stability is to report first both at home and abroad.
The quantity of strain in the microbial bacterial agent of table 1.1
The production of the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of embodiment 2
It is 65% to take water content（Weight ratio）Cow dung（Moisture deficit can add water）Particle is less than after crushed
5mm rice chaff is with 85：15 mass ratio is well mixed and crushed, and makes do not have more than 40mm knot in mixed cow dung and rice chaff
Block.
Then, the mixture of 1 ton of above-mentioned cow dung and rice chaff is well mixed with the microbial bacterial agent that 1kg embodiments 1 are produced,
Heap, which enters, forms fertile heap in fermentation tank.With fermentation process during fertile heap placement, fertile heap can heat up naturally, the fermentation calefaction mistake
Journey is usually required 2-3 days, and during which fertile heap can be stirred 1-2 times.Then, when the temperature of fertile heap rises to 65 DEG C, unlatching is turned over
The machine of mixing stirs fertile heap, to distribute the heat that fermentation is produced, it is ensured that temperature is no more than 70 DEG C；When temperature is less than 63 DEG C, closing is turned over
Machine is mixed, fertile heap is heated up by fermentation, the ferment at constant temperature process continues 10 days.Then, increase screening apparatus is stirred speed and frequency
Rate, makes the temperature of fertile heap be maintained at 48 ~ 52 DEG C, and the curing fermentation process continues 12 days.Obtained secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent
Slight ammonia odor is given out, without unpleasant sense.
The secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent can be applied directly；Can also drying-granulating（That is, by the end-product of above-mentioned fermentation
Dehumidifier dehumidifying, comminutor granulation are passed sequentially through, wherein temperature is no more than 70 DEG C during dehumidifying and granulation）, it is made secondary
Raw saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent particle.
The Binhai New Area in Tianjin secondary salinization of land improvement example of embodiment 3
Ours has obtained good effect in preceding patented technology on the coastal salt-soda soil in Binhai New Area in Tianjin, but right
The effect of the secondary salinization of land of its non-coastal degeneration generation for being originally arable land is not notable, and plant percent is undesirable, therefore profit
The similar secondary salinization of land do not transformed with the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent particle newly researched and developed closing on（And occurred desertifying now
As）Carry out improved test.
Test in 5 days April in 2012, sent out by Tianjin TEDA Eco-Landscape Construction Co., Ltd and Tianjin landscape construction
Exhibition Co., Ltd is administered（Period does not apply soil moved in improve the original）, i.e., mix the secondary saline and alkaline of the preparation of embodiment 2 to top layer 20cm soil
Desertification modifying agent particle, incorporation is every square metre of 5kg, and rotary tillage is puddled uniformly；After one month（That is May 6）Start nursery stock kind
Plant, including plant the shrub such as arbor and torch and the lawns such as Chinese scholar tree, Chinese wax, tree-of-heaven.
First autumn in year plant percent is 89.9%, after being reseeded through autumn in 2012, and the survival rate of next year is 96.2%, is presented
The trend improved year by year, and without susceptible situation.
By the national technical appraisement of the Department of Science and Technology/Ministry of Agriculture's united organization, in the sample detecting on October 17th, 2013,
Soil salt content has already decreased to 0.2-0.5% from 1.0-1.4% after improvement, and pH is reduced to 7.5-7.7 from 8.0-8.8, after improvement
The state of suitable general plant growth is showed.In the soil sampling detection strain on the 1st of August in 2014, the microbial inoculum of embodiment 1
Listed strain has all been detected survival, shows the combination of these strains and can play work for a long time in improvement secondary salinization of land
With.
Desertify the Chifeng Horqin of embodiment 4 ground improvement example
It is undesirable using our desertification ground effect in preceding patented technology in Chifeng City Alukeerqin Banner.Therefore,
On May 8th, 2012, we were changed with the cooperation of Chifeng City Alukeerqin Banner government using the secondary saline and alkaline desertification newly researched and developed again
Good dose carries out prone soil improvement and greening.
By applying secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent, often directly made during 13 seedling growths of row using 15-40kg embodiments 2
Standby secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent particle, Soil Secondary is saline and alkaline and Desertification is obviously improved, and soil moisture content, which has, significantly to be carried
It is high.Fertilizer efficiency diffusion is obvious, 10 centimetres of fertilizer bottom pH decreased 0.6-1.1, and side pH decreased 0.4-
0.7, available N, P, K content are respectively increased 2.7,1.6,3.3 times.Plant first year, shrub, the overall survival rate of arbor are by original
87% is increased to above less than 3%, next year, in the case of the secondary saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent of no administration, trees surviving rate is still
It is maintained at more than 80%（See accompanying drawing 1）.
Listed strain, which has all been detected, in soil sampling detection on July 26th, 2014 strain, the microbial inoculum of embodiment 1 deposits
It is living, show that the combination of these strains being capable of long-term role in improving sandy soil.
The Baicheng City in Jilin Province's salt of embodiment 5 changes example
Baicheng City in Jilin Province is continuously increased due to the reasons such as irrigation and chemical fertilizer application, Pedotransfer function area, every year
More than 40 ten thousand mu of soils be there are about because the Secondary Saline of soil is letted a piece of farmland go to waste no longer cultivated, wherein dry crop can not emerge, the dead rice shoot of paddy rice,
Grassland forms " bare land ", although in recent years by the way that sand presses alkali, washing alkali, using seepage-preventing water-retaining agent etc., some comprehensive regulations are arranged
Apply, though obtaining certain effect, effect is still undesirable, the impetus of Secondary Saline does not obtain basic sex reversal.
In May, 2013, we cooperate to do experiment with local bureau of agriculture, in site preparation using the secondary of the preparation of embodiment 2
Saline and alkaline desertification modifying agent, such as Fig. 2 and 3 depicted, then paddy rice growing way is tended to be good, rice root Bai Erwang, root length reaches
27cm, closes on plot, yield increased increases production 80kg/ mus then compared to what administration chemical fertilizer was compareed.
Claims (24)
1. microbial bacterial agent, it is obtained by mixing by microbial composite and matrix living, and it includes described work
Microbial composite, wherein, the microbial composite of described work is by acetobacter aceti（Acetobacter aceti）, ball
Beauveria bassiana（Beauveria bassiana）, Azospirillum brasilense（Azospirllum brasilense）, cellulose promise card
Salmonella (Nocardia cellulans), bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (Bacillus mucilaginosus), green muscardine fungus
（Metarhizium anisopliae）, Trichoderma aureoviride (Trichoderma aureoviride), blunt epimerite spiral shell algae
（Arthrospira platensis）, beans cellulomonas cartae (Cellulomonas fabia), bacillus stearothermophilus
（Bacillus sterothermophilus）, Lactobacillus casei（Lactobacillus casei）, formic acid methagen
（Methanobacterium formicium）, ruminate methagen（Methanobacterium ruminantium）, oxidation
Sulphur Thiobacillus（Thiobacillus thiooxidans）, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）、
Bacillus licheniformis（Bacillus licheniformis）, bacillus polymyxa（Bacillus polymyxa）, thermophilic strepto-
Bacterium（Streptomyces thermophilus）, thermoactinomyces vulgaris（Thermoactinomyces vulgaris）, bending
Thermomonospora fusca（Thermonospora curvata）, azotobacter vinelandii（Azotobacter vinelandii）, European nitrous
Change monad（Nitrosomonas europeae）, Nitrobacter winogradskyi（Nitrobacter winogradskyi）, Soybean Root
Knurl bacterium（Rhizobium japonicum）, rhizobium leguminosarum（Rhizobium leguminosarum）, aspergillus oryzae
（Aspergillus oryzae）, brewer's yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）, point mould（Penicillium
notatum）, Humicola insolens（Humicola insolens）, Rhizopus oligosporus（Rhizopus oligosporus）With cereal silk
Pyrenomycetes（Rhizoctonia cerealis）Composition,
In wherein every gram microbial inoculum, acetobacter aceti（Acetobacter aceti）Quantity be 3.30 x 107~3.38 x
107, beauveria bassiana（Beauveria bassiana）Quantity be 5.59 x 108~5.67 x 108, Azospirillum brasilense
（Azospirllum brasilense）Quantity be 1.21 x 108~1.33 x 108, Nocardia cellulans (Nocardia
Cellulans quantity) is 6.58 x 107~6.80 x 107, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (Bacillus mucilaginosus)
Quantity be 1.61 x 108~1.93 x 108, green muscardine fungus（Metarhizium anisopliae）Quantity be 1.13 x 108
~1.28 x 108, the quantity of Trichoderma aureoviride (Trichoderma aureoviride) is 7.30 x 107~7.58 x 107,
Blunt epimerite spiral shell algae（Arthrospira platensis）Quantity be 3.68 x 107~3.91 x 107, beans cellulomonas cartae
The quantity of (Cellulomonas fabia) is 2.58 x 108~2.71 x 108, bacillus stearothermophilus（Bacillus
sterothermophilus）Quantity be 1.06 x 108~1.11 x 108, Lactobacillus casei（Lactobacillus
casei）Quantity be 1.27 x 108~1.39 x 108, formic acid methagen（Methanobacterium formicium）'s
Quantity is 1.37 x 108~1.55 x 108, ruminate methagen（Methanobacterium ruminantium）Quantity be
1.84 x 108~1.93 x 108, Thiobacillus thioxidans（Thiobacillus thiooxidans）Quantity be 1.30 x 108
~1.63 x 108, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）Quantity be 1.80 x 108~2.17 x
108, bacillus licheniformis（Bacillus licheniformis）Quantity be 1.22 x 108~1.49 x 108, glue gemma more
Bacillus（Bacillus polymyxa）Quantity be 7.02 x 107~7.66 x 107, streptomyces thermophilus（Streptomyces
thermophilus）Quantity be 8.37 x 107~8.82 x 107, thermoactinomyces vulgaris（Thermoactinomyces
vulgaris）Quantity be 9.63 x 107~9.90 x 107, bend thermomonospora fusca（Thermonospora curvata）'s
Quantity is 1.28 x 108~1.35 x 108, azotobacter vinelandii（Azotobacter vinelandii）Quantity be 5.93 x
107~6.22 x 107, Nitrosomonas europaea（Nitrosomonas europeae）Quantity be 7.07 x 107~7.32
x 107, Nitrobacter winogradskyi（Nitrobacter winogradskyi）Quantity be 9.15 x 107~9.28 x 107, soybean
Rhizobium（Rhizobium japonicum）Quantity be 1.16 x 108~1.33 x 108, rhizobium leguminosarum（Rhizobium
leguminosarum）Quantity be 1.43 x 108~1.81 x 108, aspergillus oryzae（Aspergillus oryzae）Quantity be
9.85 x 106~1.03 x 107, brewer's yeast（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）Quantity be 2.56 x 107~
2.87 x 107, put mould（Penicillium notatum）Quantity be 1.53 x 107~1.66 x 107, Humicola insolens
（Humicola insolens）Quantity be 4.04 x 106~4.38 x 106, Rhizopus oligosporus（Rhizopus
oligosporus）Quantity be 6.19 x 106~6.35 x 106, and Rhizoctonia cerealis（Rhizoctonia cerealis）'s
Quantity is 1.50 x 107~1.82 x 107。
2. the microbial bacterial agent described in claim 1, wherein the matrix includes string, soil, animal wastes, animal sources
The one or more of property albumen, plant source protein and single cell protein.
3. the microbial bacterial agent described in claim 2, wherein the matrix includes wood chip, rice husk, rice chaff, stalk, cow dung, pig
Excrement, chicken manure, fish meal, the one or more of bean powder and single cell protein.
4. the microbial bacterial agent described in claim 3, wherein the matrix is rice husk, cow dung, fish meal, soy meal and single cell protein
White mixture.
5. for the modifying agent of secondary salinization of land, it is by the microbial bacterial agent described in one of claim 1 ~ 4 to animal wastes
Formed with string fermentation.
6. the modifying agent described in claim 5, wherein animal wastes are feces of livestock and poultry.
7. the modifying agent described in claim 6, wherein animal wastes are to be selected from cow dung, pig manure, the one or more of chicken manure.
8. the modifying agent described in claim 7, wherein animal wastes are cow dungs.
9. the modifying agent described in claim 5, wherein string are selected from the one or more of wood chip, rice husk, rice chaff and stalk.
10. the modifying agent described in claim 9, wherein string are rice husks.
11. application of the microbial bacterial agent in the modifying agent for secondary salinization of land is prepared described in one of claim 1 ~ 4.
12. the application described in claim 11, wherein secondary salinization of land are formed by unreasonable irrigation and the excessive use of chemical fertilizer
Secondary salinization of land.
13. application of the modifying agent in improvement secondary salinization of land described in one of claim 5 ~ 10.
14. the application described in claim 13, wherein secondary salinization of land are formed by unreasonable irrigation and the excessive use of chemical fertilizer
Secondary salinization of land.
15. the method for secondary salinization of land improvement, it includes the modifying agent described in one of claim 5 ~ 10 being administered to secondary salt
Step in alkali ground.
16. the method described in claim 15, wherein secondary salinization of land are formed by unreasonable irrigation and the excessive use of chemical fertilizer
Secondary salinization of land.
17. without soil moved in improve the original in the improved, process of the method described in claim 15, wherein secondary salinization of land.
18. the method described in claim 15, wherein the saline and alkaline and ground that desertifies be capable of detecting when after improvement in 12 ~ 48 months it is described
Microbial composite.
19. the method described in claim 18, wherein the salt-soda soil be capable of detecting when after improvement in 24 ~ 36 months it is described micro-
Biological composition.
20. improving the method for secondary salinization of land plant survival rate, it includes applying the modifying agent described in one of claim 5 ~ 10
The step in secondary salinization of land is used, then planting plants.
21. the method described in claim 20, wherein secondary salinization of land are formed by unreasonable irrigation and the excessive use of chemical fertilizer
Secondary salinization of land.
22. without soil moved in improve the original in the improved, process of the method described in claim 20, wherein secondary salinization of land.
23. the method described in claim 20, wherein the saline and alkaline and ground that desertifies be capable of detecting when after improvement in 12 ~ 48 months it is described
Microbial composite.
24. the method described in claim 23, wherein the salt-soda soil be capable of detecting when after improvement in 24 ~ 36 months it is described micro-
Biological composition.
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| CN105036824A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Straw biological decomposition method by adoption of lactobacillus casei decomposition accelerator and application thereof in recarburization and fertilization in saline-alkali soil |
| CN105110840A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-02 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Straw decomposition method using Lactobacillus acidophilus decomposition accelerator, and applications thereof in saline-alkali soil improvement |
| CN105061104A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Straw biological decomposing method adopting scenedesmus obliquus decomposing agent and application of straw biological decomposing method in conditioning soil structure of saline and alkaline land |
| CN105110822A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-12-02 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Lactobacillus delbrueckii decomposition accelerator, and applications thereof in saline-alkali land straw degradation soil improvement |
| CN105036832A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Straw biological decomposition method by adoption of anabaena decomposition accelerator and application thereof in improvement of saline-alkali soil |
| CN106416489A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for planting soybeans in secondary salinized land |
| CN106929426B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2020-06-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Compound microbial agent for potatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN106544302A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-03-29 | 江西万茂科技有限公司 | A kind of complex micro organism fungicide for soil improvement and preparation method thereof |
| CN107686426A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-02-13 | 路域生态工程有限公司 | A kind of desertification geobiont improved materials and application process |
| CN107556065A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-09 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | It is a kind of to be used for desert, the bio-bacterial manure of sand ground sand and preparation and application |
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