CN104447038B - A kind of biological organic inorganic composite fertiliser and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the total nutrient of the compound fertilizer is 30%-35%, the nutrient ratio of N, _P2O5 , K2O is 6-15: _{5-18 :} 6-25, The number of effective viable bacteria is 0.5-100 million/g, the organic matter is 15-25%, the nicotine content is 0.15-0.20%, the chloride ion is ≤3.0%, the water content is ≤12%, the fineness is 40-60 mesh, and the pH is 6.0 ~7.0. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding tobacco stems, rapeseed meal, pig manure, artificial humic acid, and fermented microbial agent into a blender, adding water during stirring, and carrying out stacking and fermentation to obtain fermented and decomposed materials; then, fermented and decomposed materials , urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, active nano-carbon powder, and functional microbial agents are added to the mixer, mixed and crushed, and sieved into powder to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic nutrients, high organic matter content, environmental protection, and insect resistance. bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

Description

A kind of bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

With the continuous development of economy and society, the problem of soil degradation has become increasingly prominent, mainly manifested as soil compaction and hardening, erosion, salinization, acidification, element imbalance, chemical pollution, loss of organic matter and degradation of flora and fauna, etc., serious The development of land productivity is restricted. Soil degradation caused by agricultural production activities is an important cause of land degradation. Extensive use of inorganic fertilizers leads to soil compaction, unreasonable irrigation causes soil salinization, and unreasonable use of pesticides leads to serious soil damage. These are the main reasons for the decline of soil fertility.

In order to solve the problems existing in the application process of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, researchers have made many attempts and improvements. The use of organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer is one of the important measures to restore degraded soil. Organic fertilizers can effectively improve soil physical and chemical properties and soil nutrient status, improve permeability, activate soil microorganisms, improve the adsorption capacity of fertilizers, reduce nutrient fixation, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and improve nutrient utilization efficiency. Bio-organic fertilizers are also added with functional microbial agents. Through the activities of functional microorganisms, the fixed phosphorus and potassium nutrients are decomposed and released; the nitrogen in the fixed air is converted into available nitrogen, reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizers; Microorganisms can also effectively inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases. However, pure organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer has low nutrient content, and most of them are organic, so the absorption and utilization of crops is slow. This inhibits the urgent demand of crop growth for nutrients, cannot meet the rapid supply of crop nutrients, and affects the high yield of crops. Therefore, it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of inorganic nutrients to organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer, so that it can meet the rapid demand of crops for nutrients, and can effectively prevent soil degradation, improve soil physical and chemical properties, improve aeration, provide water retention capacity, and activate soil. Microorganisms reduce nutrient loss and improve nutrient utilization. The Chinese patent publication number is CN101712569A, the publication date is May 26, 2010, and the patent document titled "a special organic and inorganic base fertilizer for rice and its preparation method" discloses a formula and preparation of a special organic and inorganic base fertilizer for rice The method, the basic feature of which is to mix dry chicken manure and rice bran according to the ratio of dry matter weight ratio of 4-6:1-1.5, carry out decomposing and fermenting in a composting tank for 12-18 days, and then mix the compost with urea and monoammonium phosphate , Potassium chloride is mixed according to the ratio of dry matter weight ratio of 55-68:15-16:7-14:10-15. Although this kind of basal fertilizer has the characteristics of combining organic and inorganic, it can not only meet the needs of crops for nutrients in the current season, but also prevent soil compaction and improve soil quality; but this fertilizer does not add microbial agents that can activate crop rhizosphere soil, and Nicotine for the suppression of soil-borne diseases. Can not reach the dual-use effect of fertilizer and medicine. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop disease-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizers.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology, and provide a kind of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic nutrients, high organic matter content, environmental protection, insect-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is a bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the fertilizer is in the form of black powder, and the nutrient ratio of N, P ₂ O ₅ , K ₂ O is 6-15:5- 18:6~25, the number of effective viable bacteria is 0.5 billion/g~100 million/g, organic matter is 15~25%, nicotine content is 0.15~0.20%, chloride ion ≤3.0%, moisture ≤12%, fineness 40-60 mesh, pH 6.0-7.0, number of fecal coliforms (pcs/g) ≤ 100, roundworm egg mortality ≥ 95%, and biologically active shelf life of 6 months. The determination of the fecal coliform value shall be carried out according to the provisions of GB/T19524.1-2004, and the determination of the mortality of roundworm eggs shall be carried out according to the provisions of GB/T19524.2-2004.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, comprising the following steps: crushing each raw material according to the following parts by weight and adding them to a mixer for stirring: 40-60 parts of tobacco stems, 10-20 parts of rapeseed meal, 20-30 parts of pig manure, 5-10 parts of artificial humic acid, 0.8-1.2 parts of fermented microbial inoculum; add water while stirring, and after stirring evenly, stack and ferment the materials to obtain fermented decomposed material;

Then 50-60 parts of the above-mentioned fermented and decomposed materials, 21-23 parts of urea, 15-17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of active nano-carbon powder, and 1-2 parts of functional microbial bacterial agent Add one portion into a blender, mix, pulverize, sieve into powder, and pack the finished product to obtain insect-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.

Tobacco stems are the waste of the cigarette industry, accounting for 20% to 30% of the total weight of tobacco leaves. The tobacco stem waste produced every year in the country is nearly 1 million tons. Tobacco stems are special and cannot be directly incinerated or landfilled. Since they cannot be used or disposed of in a timely and effective manner, they will cause serious inventory backlogs, waste storage resources, and seriously hinder the sustainable development of the cigarette industry. In recent years, the comprehensive utilization of tobacco stems and tobacco waste has gradually deepened, and more and more attention has been paid to the reuse of resources, and a series of technologies have been developed accordingly, such as the extraction of pectin, nicotine, cellulose xanthate, or Manufacture reconstituted tobacco leaves, puffed tobacco stems, etc.; however, the current utilization of tobacco stem waste is still quite small, far from meeting the requirements for processing tobacco stem waste. Tobacco stems belong to the leftovers of agricultural and sideline products and have the characteristics of organic waste. If they can be developed into organic fertilizers, the utilization of tobacco stem waste will be greatly increased. Tobacco stems have a high content of potassium resources and are a rare source of potassium organic fertilizer raw materials. In addition, tobacco stems contain a biomass insecticidal and repellent substance, nicotine. If developed into an organic fertilizer, it can effectively inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne insect pests. Moreover, nicotine is easy to decompose and not easily absorbed by plants. It is a green and environmentally friendly Safe insecticidal and repellent substances. Rapeseed meal is a by-product of the rapeseed crushing industry, accounting for about 50%-70% of the total weight of rapeseed. In 2013, more than 7 million tons of rapeseed meal were produced nationwide. Rapeseed meal is a high-protein material, but because rapeseed meal contains anti-nutritional factors such as glucosinolates, phytic acid, tannin, and sinapinic acid; all of them will affect the digestion and absorption of minerals and nutrients by animals, and ultimately affect the growth of animals . Therefore, the application of rapeseed meal in the feed industry has been restrained to a certain extent. Due to the inability to timely and effectively utilize or dispose of them, the inventory backlog is caused, which not only leads to shortage of storage space, but also seriously wastes cake resources. However, rapeseed meal is a high-protein plant raw material, which is a rare source of organic nitrogen raw materials. If rapeseed meal is made into organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer through biological fermentation, it can process and digest rapeseed meal raw materials in large quantities, and the produced Organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer has a high content of organic nitrogen and is also rich in various nutrients. It is a high-quality organic fertilizer raw material resource.

With the development of aquaculture, animal manure has become an important bottleneck restricting the development of aquaculture. Taking pig manure as an example, due to the expansion of the scale of pig raising in Qingshanpu Town, Changsha County from 2012 to 2013, and the scattered breeding, the feces seriously polluted water, soil, and air. Measures to alleviate environmental conflicts, pig manure has become a bottleneck that seriously restricts the development of the local pig industry. Pig manure is rich in organic matter, rich in fiber, and moderate in carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. As an additive for organic fertilizer fermentation, it can better improve the composting and fermentation conditions of the material and accelerate the maturity of the material. It is a high-quality organic fertilizer raw material resource.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the preparation of the fermenting microorganism inoculum comprises the following steps: respectively using Bacillus cereus (Bacillus cereus.Frankland), Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn, saccharomyces (Saccharomycessp.), The parent species of Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg1835) Cohn1872) carries out shake flask liquid culture;

Then inoculate the above-mentioned four kinds of liquid mother species into the fermenter equipment respectively, and carry out separate fermentation production, and the bacterial liquid concentration after fermentation is greater than 10 billion/mL;

The mixture of oil bran and rice straw powder is used to absorb the above-mentioned four kinds of bacterial liquids after fermentation, stir them evenly, and dry them in the air; four kinds of single bacterial agents are obtained: Bacillus cereus bacterial agent, Aspergillus oryzae bacterial agent, yeast fungus agent, Bacillus subtilis agent;

Then the above four adsorbed single inoculants are mixed according to the following parts by weight: 2 to 3 parts of Bacillus cereus inoculum, 1.5 to 2 parts of Aspergillus oryzae inoculum, 0.5 to 1 part of saccharomyces inoculum, Bacillus subtilis 4 to 6 parts of bacillus inoculum; after mixing and pulverizing, the fermentation microbial inoculum is obtained, and the final concentration of the fermentation microbial inoculum is ≥2 billion/g.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the preparation of the functional microbial bacterial agent comprises the following steps: Paenibacillus azotofixans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacullus mucilaginosus, Bacillus thuringiensis respectively The parent species of bacillus (Bacillusthuringiensis Berliner) was carried out shake flask liquid culture;

Then inoculate the above-mentioned liquid mother species into the fermenter equipment respectively, and carry out separate fermentation production, and the concentration of the bacterial liquid after fermentation is greater than 20 billion/mL;

The mixture of oil bran and rice straw powder is used to absorb the above four fermented bacterial liquids respectively, stir evenly, and dry to obtain four single bacterial agents: Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacterial agents, Bacillus megaterium bacterial agents, jelly Bacillus-like bacteria agent, Bacillus thuringiensis agent;

Then the above four adsorbed single bacterial agents are mixed according to the following parts by weight: 2 to 3 parts of Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacterial agents, 1 to 1.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium bacterial agents, and 2 to 2.5 parts of jellylike Bacillus bacterial agents. 4 to 5 parts of Bacillus thuringiensis inoculum; after mixing and pulverizing, functional microbial inoculum is obtained, and the final concentration of functional microbial inoculum is ≥ 5 billion/g. The bacillus thuringiensis in the functional microbial bacterial agent can effectively control the Lepidoptera insects.

In the present invention, the production of fermenting microbial bacterial agent and functional microbial bacterial agent all adopts earlier shaking flasks to be cultivated separately, and after obtaining a certain concentration of liquid parent species, it is then transferred to the fermenter equipment to expand cultivation, and after reaching a certain concentration, The mother liquor is adsorbed by an adsorbent (a mixture of oil bran and rice straw powder) and then dried to make a solid microbial agent. The production steps are as follows:

Table 1 Main components of culture medium

Table 2 The growth conditions of each microorganism

Microbial agent name culture medium Culture temperature Aerobic condition light needs Concentration of bacteria used Bacillus subtilis JYM01 35～37℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 10 billion/mL Bacillus cereus JYM01 30～32℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 10 billion/mL Yeast JYM02 25～28℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 10 billion/mL Aspergillus oryzae JYM03 25～28℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 10 billion/mL Bacillus megaterium JYM04 28～30℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 20 billion/mL Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacteria JYM05 28～30℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 20 billion/mL jelly-like bacillus JYM06 28～30℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 20 billion/mL Bacillus thuringiensis JYM04 28～30℃ Aerobic, aerobic culture Aversion to light, dark cultivation 20 billion/mL

The culture medium was prepared as described in Table 1, and divided into 1000mL Erlenmeyer flasks, with a volume of 200-300mL per bottle, sealed with a silica gel plug, and sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C for 20min. Take it out to cool down, and inoculate different microbial parent species into the corresponding medium in a sterile ultra-clean workbench. According to the description in Table 2, the strains were cultured on a shaking table (120 rpm) under corresponding culture conditions for 2-4 days to obtain cultured liquid mother species. Configure a large amount of liquid culture medium as described in Table 1, pack it in a special strain production fermentation tank, the liquid volume is 70%, and the lid is sealed and sterilized (maintain 20min under the sterilization condition of 121°C), (use The protective effect of the flame, making the aseptic operation space, inoculating the liquid mother seed into the fermenter) cooling. According to the culture conditions described in Table 2, adjust the control parameters of the fermenter to achieve the culture conditions of different strains, and the strains were cultured for 4-10 days. Through the petri dish coating culture of bacterial liquid, measure the growth concentration of bacterial classification in fermenter, after reaching the bacterial classification use concentration described in Table 2, stop the fermenter liquid cultivation of bacterial classification.

In the above preparation method, preferably, the weight ratio of the oil bran and rice straw powder is 1:1, when the mixture of oil bran and rice straw powder is used to adsorb the bacterial liquid respectively, the bacterial liquid:mixed material=1L:3kg , the water content of the above mixed material is ≤10%, and the fineness is 60-80 mesh.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the specific operation of the stacking fermentation is as follows: transfer the material to a greenhouse fermentation tank for stacking fermentation, and use solar aerobic automatic temperature-controlled turning and throwing fermentation technology for fermentation, and stacking is located at In the plastic greenhouse, the heating effect of solar energy and the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse are used to increase the temperature in the greenhouse and accelerate the fermentation of materials. After the pile-building fermentation is completed, the material is transferred to the secondary fermentation and aging field for stacking and aging. The material is evaporated at high temperature to reduce the moisture content of the material to 30%.

In the above preparation method, preferably, the initial moisture of the stack retting fermentation is controlled at 42%-45% (the moisture of the material is detected by a halogen moisture meter).

In the above preparation method, preferably, the pile height of the pile fermentation is 0.8-1.2m, the width is 4-5m, and the length is not limited. A temperature measuring instrument is placed in the fermentation tank of the greenhouse. According to the temperature rise of the material pile, the operation of turning over and aerating is automatically performed to increase the oxygen supply and promote the volatilization of water, so as to accelerate the maturity of the material. When the temperature rises to 60°C, the piles will be automatically turned over and aeration will be performed. On average, the piles will be turned once every 2 to 3 days, and the piles will be turned 10 to 12 times in total. The fermentation period is about 25 days. The material gradually changes from yellowish brown to dark brown, and the smell gradually changes from a tobacco smell to a slightly rotten earthy smell. At this time, the material is fermented and decomposed.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the stacking and aging process is performed in a non-turning manner, and the height of the material stack is 1-1.5 m, and the length and width are not limited. Since the moisture content of the material is still high, after secondary fermentation, the material is allowed to evaporate water by itself through the high temperature generated by fermentation. When the moisture content of the material drops to 30%, the material is transferred to the finished product packaging workshop. The secondary fermentation time is affected by the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is high and the water evaporates quickly, the time will be short, and vice versa. The secondary fermentation time is usually 20-30 days.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides the application of a bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in suppressing the occurrence of soil-borne pests and preventing and controlling Lepidoptera insects.

The compound fertilizer contains a small amount of biomass nicotine, which is a green, environmentally friendly and safe insecticide and repellent substance, which can effectively prevent and control soil-borne pests; it also adds functional microbial agents to make it nitrogen-fixing, decomposing The effect of phosphorus and potassium solution; also added active nano-carbon powder, which can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, reduce nutrient loss, and improve fertilizer utilization rate; the base fertilizer contains rich organic components, which can effectively solve soil compaction and improve soil structure , Prevent and control pests and diseases, and improve the stress resistance of crops. The insect-resistant bioactive organic-inorganic-based fertilizer of the present invention complies with the quality standard of GB18877-2009 "Organic-inorganic-based fertilizer".

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:

(1) Fertilize and activate soil: high inorganic nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can improve soil fertility; high organic matter content and highly active soil functional microorganisms can improve soil structure and physical and chemical properties, increase permeability, Enhance the ability of water and fertilizer retention, transform the fixed phosphorus and potassium nutrients, fix the nitrogen in the air, and make the soil gradually fertile.

(2) Inhibit pests and diseases and enhance stress resistance: Contains a small amount of insecticidal and repellent biomass nicotine components, which can effectively inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne insect pests; functional microbial agents form dominant flora around the root system to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms Reproduction, reduce the occurrence of diseases; in addition, the base fertilizer contains Bacillus thuringiensis, which can effectively control Lepidoptera insects. The fertilizer contains high potassium, which is beneficial to the growth of plant roots and stems, prevents lodging, and enhances the stress resistance of crops.

(3) Improve quality and taste: the base fertilizer of the present invention can effectively regulate the selective and autonomous absorption of fertilizers by crops, and the organic components are rich in various mineral elements and trace elements, which is beneficial to crop growth and increases reducing sugar and vitamin C content, increasing the carbohydrate content per unit fresh weight.

(4) Reduce pollution and protect the environment: the present invention makes full use of discarded crop stalks and animal manure to reduce environmental pollution; the base fertilizer of the present invention has no peculiar smell and high organic matter content, which can effectively alleviate the soil pollution caused by long-term large-scale single application of chemical fertilizers and other issues; the fertilizer has biological insect resistance, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, and protects the environment.

detailed description

In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the following will describe the present invention more fully and in detail in combination with preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terminology used herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

Example 1

A kind of bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of the present invention, the fertilizer is black powder, the total nutrient content is 30%, the nutrient ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:7:8, and the number of effective viable bacteria is 0.5 billion/g. The organic matter is 30%, the nicotine content is 0.2%, the chloride ion is 3.0%, the water content is 12%, the fineness is 60 mesh, the pH is 7.0-7.5, the number of fecal coliform bacteria (pcs/g)≤100, roundworm eggs The mortality rate is ≥95%, and the shelf life of biological activity is 6 months.

The method for preparing the above-mentioned bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: according to the above table 1, different fermenting microbial culture mediums are configured respectively, and subpackaged in 1000mL triangular flasks, each bottle has a loading capacity of 300mL, and is sealed with a silica gel plug , placed in an autoclave to sterilize at 121°C for 20 minutes, then taken out and cooled for later use. Inoculate into the corresponding culture medium in a sterile ultra-clean workbench, and cover the bottle caps. According to Table 2, under the corresponding culture conditions, the strains were cultured on a shaking table (120 rpm) for 4 days to obtain cultured liquid mother species. Then configure a large amount of liquid culture medium as described in Table 1, sub-package in a special strain production fermenter, the liquid filling volume is 70%, and the lid is sealed and sterilized (keep 20min under the sterilization condition of 121° C.), cool down. Utilize the protective effect of the flame to create a sterile operating space, and inoculate the liquid mother seed into the fermenter. According to the culture conditions described in Table 2 above, adjust the control parameters of the fermenter to achieve the culture conditions of different strains, and the strains were cultivated for 10 days.

Through the petri dish coating culture of bacterial liquid, measure the growth concentration of bacterial classification in fermenter, after reaching the bacterial classification use concentration described in Table 2, stop the fermenter liquid cultivation of bacterial classification. Bacterial solution was adsorbed with oil bran: rice straw powder = 1:1 mixture, and bacterial solution (L): mixture (kg) = 1:3 for adsorption. Stir evenly, dry at room temperature, moisture ≤ 30%, and set aside.

The prepared four fermentation single strains are mixed according to strain weight: 5 kg of Bacillus cereus, 4 kg of Aspergillus oryzae, 2 kg of saccharomyces, and 10 kg of Bacillus subtilis. Mixing and crushing, the concentration of the final fermentation microbial agent is ≥2 billion/g.

The prepared four functional single strains were mixed according to strain weight: 5 kg of Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing, 2 kg of Bacillus megaterium, 4 kg of Bacillus jelly-like, and 9 kg of Bacillus thuringiensis. Mixing and crushing, the final functional microbial agent concentration is ≥5 billion/g.

The raw materials of tobacco stem, sesame meal and rapeseed meal are pulverized, and according to the ratio of each raw material: 450kg of tobacco stem, 150kg of rapeseed meal, 250kg of pig manure, 80kg of artificial humic acid, and 10kg of fermented microbial agent are added to the material mixer respectively. Clean water is added while stirring, and the moisture content of the material is detected by a halogen moisture meter, and the initial moisture content of the fermentation material is controlled within the range of 42% to 45%. After fully stirring evenly, the material is transferred to the greenhouse fermentation tank for building piles and cloth. The solar aerobic automatic temperature-controlled turning and throwing fermentation technology is used for fermentation. The pile is placed in a plastic greenhouse, and the heating effect of solar energy and the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse are used to increase the temperature in the greenhouse and accelerate the fermentation of materials. A temperature measuring instrument is placed in the fermentation tank, and according to the temperature rise of the material pile, the operation of turning over and aerating is automatically carried out, so as to increase the oxygen supply and promote the volatilization of water, and accelerate the maturity of the material. The height of the pile is 1.2m, the width is 5m, and the length is not limited. The pile is located in the greenhouse. When the temperature rises to 60°C, the piles will be automatically turned over and aerated. On average, the piles will be turned every 2 to 3 days, and the piles will be turned 10 times in total. The fermentation period is about 25 days. The material gradually changes from yellowish brown to dark brown, and the smell gradually changes from a tobacco smell to a slightly rotten earthy smell. At this time, the material is fermented and decomposed. After the material tank fermentation is completed, the material is transferred to the aging field for secondary fermentation (also known as aging). The secondary fermentation is handled by non-turning method, and the material pile height is 1.5m, and the length and width are not limited. Since the moisture content of the material is still high, after secondary fermentation, the material is allowed to evaporate water by itself through the high temperature generated by fermentation. When the moisture content of the material drops to 30%, the material is transferred to the finished product packaging workshop. The secondary fermentation time is affected by the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is high and the water evaporates quickly, the time will be short, and vice versa. The secondary fermentation time is usually 20-30 days. The material after the secondary fermentation is transferred to the mixer in the packaging workshop, according to the weight ratio: fermented and decomposed material (after secondary fermentation) 550kg, urea 220kg, ammonium phosphate 160kg, potassium chloride 40kg, activated nano-carbon powder 15kg, functional Microbial agent 10kg, respectively added to the blender to mix, pulverize, sieve into powder, and pack the finished product.

Illustrate the use situation of the present invention in celery plot test below by way of example:

Test Location

Location: Yueyang City

experiment material

1, fertilizer kind: the insect-resistant type bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of the present embodiment (total nutrient is 30%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrient ratio 15:7:8, organic matter is 30%), common compound fertilizer (nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium nutrient ratio 15:15:15), local farmyard manure (total nutrients ≥ 7%, pig manure, organic matter ≥ 80%).

2. Cultivation quality: celery (Jinnan Shiqin No. 1)

Test design

Treatment 1: Local farmyard manure (total nutrients ≥ 7%, pig manure, organic matter ≥ 80%)

Treatment 2: insect-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (total nutrient content is 30%, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient ratio is 15:7:8, and organic matter is 30%), hereinafter referred to as "compound fertilizer".

Treatment 3: Ordinary compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrient ratio 15:15:15)

Celery adopts uniform seedling cultivation, uniform fertilization and uniform production measures are adopted for seedling cultivation. The seedlings are transplanted when they grow to 4-5 true leaves. After transplanting, 3 treatments are designed. The planting area of each treatment is designed to be 330m ² , and the planting density is 10× 7 plants/cm ² . Except for the different types of fertilizers, the other production measures were the same for each treatment.

Taking the 330m ² cultivation area into the total nutrient 35kg as the standard, the fertilizer with the same total nutrient is guaranteed to be applied, and the corresponding specific fertilization amount is obtained by converting the nutrient content of each fertilizer. Table 3 below:

Table 3 Comparison of fertilizer application amount, yield and quality

The fertilizer is uniformly applied in the form of base fertilizer, and no additional fertilizer is added during the cultivation process. Dig strip-shaped trenches near the transplanted seedlings, cover with soil after fertilization, harvest uniformly on the 100th day after transplanting, measure yield, and measure unit fresh content, reducing sugar content, and organic mass. Statistics on the occurrence of pests and diseases.

results and analysis:

Yield and quality analysis

From the test results (Table 3), on the basis of the same total nutrient content of fertilization, the total yield of ordinary compound fertilizer is the highest, followed by compound fertilizer, and farmyard manure is the lowest. The difference between base fertilizer and ordinary compound fertilizer is only 189kg, a decrease of only 4.45%; while it is 1203kg higher than that of farmyard manure, an increase of 39%. From the point of view of yield, the effect of compound fertilizer is equivalent to that of ordinary compound fertilizer, but far better than that of farmyard manure.

Among the indicators of measuring the quality of celery, the three indicators of unit fresh weight content, reducing sugar content, and organic matter content all showed a uniform trend, farmyard manure > compound fertilizer > ordinary compound fertilizer. In terms of the range of change, the quality of base fertilizer was not much different from that of farmyard manure, but that of ordinary compound fertilizer was quite different.

Application of the bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer of this embodiment in suppressing the occurrence of soil-borne insect pests and preventing and treating Lepidoptera insects:

Analysis of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests

Judging from the statistics of diseases and insect pests (Table 4), there were basically no major diseases in the three fertilization treatments, and only two soft rots occurred in the application of farmyard manure, and the occurrence area was small. In the occurrence of pests and diseases, cutworms and grubs occurred more frequently, and two kinds of pests occurred in the treatment of farmyard manure and common compound fertilizer, but no pests occurred in the application of compound fertilizer. It is very likely that the base fertilizer contains a small amount of nicotine and Bacillus thuringiensis. Nicotine has a strong insecticidal and repellent effect and can control the occurrence of underground pests to a certain extent; Bacillus thuringiensis can effectively control Lepidoptera insects .

Table 4 Statistics on occurrence of pests and diseases

Summary: From the above test results, the application of insect-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of celery, which is basically the same as the effect of farmyard manure, and far better than the effect of ordinary compound fertilizer. In terms of yield, the yield of applying basal manure is much greater than that of using farmyard manure. The base fertilizer also has a certain effect of killing insects and repelling insects. It is a high-quality insect-resistant bioactive organic and inorganic base fertilizer.

Claims (7)

1. a preparation method of biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the total nutrient 30%～35% of described compound fertilizer, the nutrient ratio of N, P ₂ O ₅ , K ₂ O is 6～15: 5~18:6~25, the number of effective viable bacteria is 0.5 billion/g~100 million/g, the organic matter is 15~25%, the nicotine content is 0.15~0.20%, chloride ion≤3.0%, moisture≤12%, fineness 40-60 mesh, pH 6.0-7.0, the preparation method includes the following steps: crush each raw material according to the following parts by weight and add them to the mixer for stirring: 40-60 parts of tobacco stems, 10-20 parts of rapeseed meal, pig manure 20~30 parts, 5~10 parts of artificial humic acid, 0.8~1.2 parts of fermented microbial agent; add water while stirring, after stirring evenly, carry out stack retting and fermentation of materials to obtain fermented and decomposed materials; Add 50-60 parts of the above-mentioned fermented and decomposed materials, 21-23 parts of urea, 15-17 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of active nano-carbon powder, and 1-2 parts of functional microbial agent In the blender, mix, pulverize, sieve into powder, pack the finished product, and obtain insect-resistant bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; The preparation of the fermenting microbial inoculant comprises the following steps: respectively preparing Bacillus cereus ( Bacillus cereus.Frankland), Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn , yeast ( Saccharomycessp. ), Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg1835) Cohn1872 ) for shake flask liquid culture; then inoculate the above-mentioned four kinds of liquid mother species into fermenter equipment for separate fermentation production, and the concentration of the fermented bacterial liquid is greater than 10 billion/mL; using oil bran and rice straw powder The mixed materials are respectively adsorbed on the above-mentioned four kinds of bacterial liquids after fermentation, stirred evenly, and dried; four kinds of single bacterial agents are obtained: Bacillus cereus inoculum, Aspergillus oryzae inoculum, saccharomyces inoculum, and Bacillus subtilis inoculum ; Then the above four kinds of single inoculum after adsorption are mixed by the following parts by weight: 2~3 parts of Bacillus cereus inoculum, 1.5~2 parts of Aspergillus oryzae inoculum, 0.5~1 part of saccharomyces inoculum, subtilis 4~6 parts of Bacillus inoculum; after mixing and pulverizing, the fermentation microbial inoculum is obtained, and the final concentration of the fermentation microbial inoculum is ≥2 billion/g; The preparation of the functional microbial agent comprises the following steps: respectively shaking the parent species of Paenibacillus azotofixans, Bacillus megaterium, Bacullus mucilaginosus , and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner bottle liquid culture; then inoculate the above-mentioned liquid mother species into the fermenter equipment for separate fermentation production, and the concentration of the fermented bacterial liquid is greater than 20 billion/mL; use the mixed material of oil bran and rice straw powder to inoculate the above-mentioned fermented Four kinds of bacteria liquids are adsorbed, stirred evenly, and dried to obtain four kinds of single bacteria agents: Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacteria agents, Bacillus megaterium bacteria agents, jelly-like Bacillus bacteria agents, and Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria agents; The four adsorbed single bacterial agents are mixed according to the following parts by weight: 2-3 parts of Paenibacillus nitrogen-fixing bacterial agent, 1-1.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium bacterial agent, 2-2.5 parts of jelly-like Bacillus bacterial agent, thuringiensis 4~5 parts of Bacillus inoculum; after mixing and crushing, a functional microbial inoculum is obtained, and the final concentration of the functional microbial inoculum is ≥5 billion/g. 2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the weight ratio of the oil bran and rice straw powder is 1:1, when the mixed material of oil bran and rice straw powder is used to adsorb the bacterial liquid respectively, the bacterial liquid : Mixed material=1L: 3kg, the moisture content of the mixed material of the above-mentioned oil bran and straw powder is ≤10%, and the fineness is 60-80 mesh. 3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the specific operation of the stacking fermentation is: transfer the material to a greenhouse fermentation tank for stacking fermentation, and use solar aerobic automatic temperature control to overturn and ferment The technology is used for fermentation, and the heap is built in a plastic greenhouse. After the fermentation of the heap is completed, the material is transferred to the secondary fermentation and aging field for stacking and aging. The material is evaporated to reduce the moisture content of the material to 30%. 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the initial moisture content of the stacking fermentation is controlled at 42% to 45%. 5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the pile-building height of the pile-building fermentation is 0.8-1.2m, and the width is 4-5m. A temperature measuring instrument is placed in the greenhouse fermentation tank, and when the temperature rises to After 60°C, the piles will be automatically turned and aerated. The piles will be turned once every 2 to 3 days on average, and the piles will be turned 10 to 12 times in total. 6 . The preparation method according to claim 3 , characterized in that, the stacking and aging process is performed without turning over the pile, and the pile height of the material is 1-1.5m. 7. The application of the bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer obtained by the preparation method as claimed in claim 1 in suppressing the occurrence of soil-borne insect pests and preventing and treating Lepidoptera insects.