CN104285678A - Super-high-yield oyster mushroom culture method - Google Patents
Super-high-yield oyster mushroom culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285678A CN104285678A CN201410604448.4A CN201410604448A CN104285678A CN 104285678 A CN104285678 A CN 104285678A CN 201410604448 A CN201410604448 A CN 201410604448A CN 104285678 A CN104285678 A CN 104285678A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a super-high-yield oyster mushroom culture method and belongs to the field of edible mushroom production and plantation. According to the method, corn flour, beam pulp, compound fertilizer and the like are added in a culture medium so that yield and quality can be obviously improved; lotus seed hulls are added to play a role of loosening and ventilation, and tide-turning time is shortened. Fruiting is achieved at one end, nutrition is supplied in a concentrated mode, the product quality is high, and the shapes of the mushrooms are good. Nutrient solution containing nitrogen, sugar and various mineral elements, trace elements and vitamin is supplemented to the oyster mushrooms at a later stage. According to the super-high-yield oyster mushroom culture method, an oyster mushroom production and culture formula is changed and combined with the culture mode of later-period nutrient solution supply and one-end fruiting, the oyster mushrooms are stable, high and excellent in yield, production efficiency can be effectively improved, the utilization rate of a land is improved, and the super-high-yield oyster mushroom culture method is suitable for economical and large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible mushroom (class of picking up the ears such as flat mushroom, Ji mushroom, elegant precious mushroom) production field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of method of flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation.
Background technology
Flat mushroom, formal name used at school is picked up the ears, and the kind of cultivation, mainly based on oyster cap fungus, also has red mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Ji mushroom, elegant precious mushroom etc. in addition, is that a kind of mushroom class vegetables maximum with consumption are cultivated by China.Flat mushroom has strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, is easy to the feature of cultivating, and production cost is low, it is little, with short production cycle to invest, generally just can fruiting at about 20 days, instant effect.Its raw material sources is extensive, and can gather materials on the spot, biological transformation ratio is high, profitable, is have more than needed the good project that labour, laid-off worker and underprivileged home get rich in vast town and country.
General mushroom cultivation has raw material, fermentation material, three kinds, grog, but uses at most at present, the most widely or grog.Mainly because raw material and fermentation material are planted in high temperature season and easily pollute, and not easily gather, simultaneously due to thoroughly deinsectization, sterilizing and be subject to damage by disease and insect harm.Therefore, employing cured material bag-cultured is the guarantee of high temperature season cultivation and production high-quality flat mushroom, the Main Cultivation pattern of small mushroom especially.Tradition grog cultivating white mushroom, output is generally at 100-150%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the shortcoming that traditional grog cultivating white mushroom yields poorly, a kind of method of flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation, comprises the steps:
(1) medium preparation:
Take following materials in percentage by mass: boll hull 40%, corncob 38%, lotus seed shell 12 ~ 15%, corn flour 3 ~ 6%, lime 1 ~ 1.5%, gypsum 1%, dregs of beans 0.5%, composite fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1%, total amount 100%; Separately add mushroom Feng Su, mushroom doctor.Wherein, mushroom Feng Su is Kodak bio tech ltd, Nanchang product, mushroom doctor be Suizhou City Zengdu District with edge edible mushroom disinfectant factory product, the consumption reference product operation instruction of mushroom Feng Su, mushroom doctor.
Corncob and lotus seed shell are carried and a few days ago prewets, heap fermentation, before pack, add other raw materials again, regulate water content 60-65%.
(2) medium pack: use polyethylene plastic bag to pack, put fruiting circle, and seal with polypropylene sealed membrane.
(3) medium sterilization: bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing, can fully go out for standard.Described bacterium bag is the polyethylene plastic bag that medium is housed.
(4) place sterilization: sterilized in mushroom cultivation place in advance.
(5) inoculated and cultured: carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and strain bag surface before inoculation.
Inoculation method is: open bacterium encapsulating membrana oralis fast, use perforation rod to get hole in bacterium bag central authorities, seal up newspaper (double-deck newspaper) fast, fix with rubber band after access bacterial classification.
After inoculation, adding forced ventilation, ensure enough oxygen supplies, keeping air humidity to be less than 50%, to covering with mycelia.
(6) fruiting: after mycelia is covered with, air humidity is increased to 80-90% and continues to gather when being cultured to flat mushroom maturation.
(7) Additional nutrient solution: after two batches of mushrooms of gathering, injection nutrient solution in bacterium bag, continues to cultivate after making bacterium bag recover original weight amount; Wherein, pulp furnish contained by nutrient solution is: white granulated sugar 0.5%, composite fertilizer 0.3 ~ 0.5% (or urea 0.1 ~ 0.3% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 ~ 0.3%), gypsum 0.5%, and surplus is water; Separately add triacontanol, brute force urges mushroom king, mushroom strong greatly (or mushroom Feng Su) etc., the choosings such as mushroom doctor, gram mould king, lime, growth hormone 802, insect protected spirit add.Triacontanol, brute force urge the consumption reference product operation instruction of the products such as mushroom king, mushroom are strong greatly, mushroom Feng Su, mushroom doctor.
Corncob described in step (1) is preferably ground into iblet or soybean grain size.
The polyethylene plastic bag that polyethylene plastic bag described in step (2) is preferably 23cm × 45cm, thickness is 0.3mm, an opening, every packed wet feed 2.5 ~ 3kg; The square polypropylene film that described polypropylene sealed membrane is preferably 12cm × 12cm, thickness is 0.5mm.
Step (3) sterilizing is preferably the discharge in " well " font of bacterium bag, and 100 DEG C keep 8-10h.
Place described in step (4) is culturing room or booth.Wherein, culturing room's sterilization carries out disinfection with aerosol disinfectant after culturing room being closed; Booth sterilization is: make canopy humidity drop to less than 50% by shining canopy, spray a lime, and spray disinfection drug (lysol 10%, bromogeramine, carbendazim) or spray (or sootiness) with aerosol disinfectant, vexed canopy 12 hours, then open film, leave flavour of a drug, a spray insect protected spirit is added after 2 days, vexed canopy, after 12 hours, opens booth, and the flavour of a drug that leave are for subsequent use.
Bacterial classification described in step (5) is strain excellent, as No. 1, Warburg Pincus, 265,260, little black flat, ash is beautiful and the variety yield such as grey No. 1 of summer is the highest, best in quality, these From Eight Strains of Pleurotus Ostreatus are common flat mushroom kind on market, and various places DSMZ all has female kind to sell.Bacterial classification form is peg wood bacterial classification or conventional bacterial classification (boll hull or grain kind), and peg wood bacterial classification is every bag and connects one, and conventional bacterial classification every bag meets 0.25kg.
The present invention produces cultivation cultivation formula by changing flat mushroom; in conjunction with later stage Additional nutrient solution and the planting type adopting single head fruiting; achieve flat mushroom stable and high yields, excellent product; and can effectively enhance productivity; increase utilization of area rate; be applicable to economized and large-scale production, concrete principle refers to hereafter technological merit and effect.
(1) the present invention is by adding corn flour, dregs of beans, composite fertilizer, mushroom Feng Su (spice king), mushroom doctor 120 etc. in the medium.Wherein corn flour can not only play supplementary carbon nitrogen nutrition, can also supplement edible fungi growth and must obtain Cobastab
1, because hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus is to Cobastab
1synthesis capability very weak, in the particularly fruiting later stage, flat mushroom fruiting can be caused slow or can not normal fruiting in default of vitamin, additionally add corn flour, effectively can increase the content of vitamin in composts or fertilisers of cultivating, have stabilization to the output in later stage; Because protein content is 30.7% (accounting for mushroom soma weight) in mushroom carpophore, for 4 times of rice protein content, the dregs of beans that protein content very enriches is added in composts or fertilisers of cultivating, good protein can be provided for flat mushroom in process of growth, prevent because protein provision is not enough and occur that mushroom body is less than normal, the problem of mushroom matter deviation; The indispensable mineral element phosphorus of supplementary edible fungi growth and potassium, while supplementary nitrogen element, can also play in composite fertilizer; And containing sugar, nitrogen substance and growth factor in mushroom Feng Su (spice king), the nutrition that can change composts or fertilisers of cultivating is more balanced; And add the miscellaneous bacteria that mushroom doctor can effectively prevent micropore from causing and infect; Add lotus seed shell, loose ventilative effect can be played, accelerate the change of tide time.
(2) traditional mode adopts two fruiting, and the nutrition supply of such flat mushroom is not enough, and cause dead mushroom or poor product quality, the present invention adopts single head fruiting, nutrition centralizedly supply, and product quality is high, and mushroom type is good; And be reduced to a passageway by original every discharge of bacteria bag two passageways, thus add 1/3rd put rod amount.
(3) traditional mode cultivation usually not moisturizing, even if moisturizing also can not extra Ensure Liquid, the former can cause later stage fruiting water deficient, and the latter can cause later stage fruiting malnutrition; The present invention adds the nitrogenous, sugary of proper proportion and multiple mineral element and trace element, vitamin in water can effectively improve Yield of Pleurotus Ostreatus and quality.
Adopt cultivating white mushroom of the present invention, production efficiency comparatively traditional approach improves 50%, utilization of area rate improves 30%, about 15 days fruitings ahead of time, success rate comparatively traditional approach improves 5-10% (can arrive more than 99%), and biological transformation ratio will reach 260-300%, and product meat is thick, mushroom type is beautiful, and quality is high.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for further illustrating the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
The indoor growing of spring (April) flat mushroom, select flat 300 bacterial strains of general types height in summer (female kind), by Gaoyou, Jiangsu, edible mushroom research institute provides.
(1) medium preparation
Take each raw material by following proportioning: boll hull 400kg, corncob 380kg, lotus seed shell 155kg, corn flour 30kg, lime 15kg, gypsum 10kg, dregs of beans 5kg, composite fertilizer 5kg, always expect 1000kg; Mushroom Feng Su 3.2kg, mushroom doctor 200g.Wherein, corncob about 2 centimeters aperture screen clothes are ground into iblet or soybean grain size; Composite fertilizer is high phosphorus height potassium type, and various component ratio is: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=12:18:17; Mushroom Feng Su is that Kodak bio tech ltd, Nanchang product, mushroom doctor are for Suizhou City Zengdu District is with edge edible mushroom disinfectant factory product.
Corncob and lotus seed shell are proposed a few days ago watering to mix thoroughly, add water 580kg, heap fermentation, adds other raw materials again before pack, regulates water content about 60%.
(2) medium pack: use that knuckle footpath, bag are long, thickness is 23cm × 45cm × 0.03cm, the polyethylene plastic bag of an opening packs, every packed wet feed 2.5-3kg, put flat mushroom fruiting circle, and seal with polypropylene sealed membrane (12cm × 12cm, thickness is the square polypropylene film of 0.5mm).Pack degree of tightness appropriateness, hand rest bacterium bag is without indenture.
(3) medium sterilization
Bacterium bag (polyethylene plastic bag of medium is housed) is loaded Packs sterilized and carries out sterilizing inside, bacterium bag " well " font is put.The Horizontal energy-saving boiler of 1.6m × 0.6m × 1.6m (long × wide × high) is selected to carry out steam supply.Laying temperature detector in bag, 100 DEG C maintain 10h, finally cease fire.
When dropping to about 70 DEG C etc. the bacterium bag temperature of bacterium of having gone out, take the dish out of the pot while hot.Neat for the bacterium bag taken the dish out of the pot is placed in culturing room, waits to be seeded.One row 5 uprightly puts, and length is not limit, and for convenience of the inspection work in later stage, can stay the distance of about 3-5cm between bacterium bag.
(4) culturing room's sterilization: bacterial classification and other inoculating tools are put into culturing room, airtight door window noon before that day by inoculation, carry out disinfection to culturing room with aerosol disinfectant.24 square metres of transfer rooms, place aerosol disinfectant 10 box.
(5) inoculated and cultured
Carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and peg wood strain bag surface before inoculation, the newspaper of sealing is first placed under the sun and is exposed to the sun, and it is square that newspaper is cut into 12 × 12cm.
The bacterial classification mother used on this time producing plants and buys from Gaoyou, Jiangsu edible mushroom research institute, peg wood bacterial classification, by length and width, the thick Ice cream stick for 11.4cm × 1cm × 0.2cm, limewash through 1% concentration soaks 48 hours, wheat bran 8%, corn flour 3%, white granulated sugar 1%, gypsum 1% is admixed again according to the mass ratio of dry peg wood, through high-temperature sterilization, inoculation is obtained, and the method that concrete sterilizing, inoculation and incubation step and the conventional bacterial classification of edible mushroom make is completely the same.
Carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and strain bag surface before inoculation.Inoculation method is: a, open bacterium encapsulating membrana oralis fast, uses perforation rod to get hole slightly larger than peg wood diameter in bacterium bag central authorities; B, the direction packed along peg wood, utilize the elbow of elbow pliers to take out a peg wood gently, vertically inserts the hole of bacterium bag central authorities; C, seal up newspaper (double-deck newspaper) fast, fix with rubber band.
Open door and window after having inoculated, stronger ventilation, make air humidity lower than 50%.At room temperature, namely cover with through 22 days mycelia, mycelia is pure white sturdy, energetic.
(6) fruiting: increase humidity to 80-90%, through the further cultivation of 5 days, just can see former base and be formed.Again through a week, treat that flat mushroom grows to ripe very likely, edge is involute, cap do not have complete open and flat time gather.
(7) Additional nutrient solution: after two batches of mushrooms of gathering, in bacterium bag, injection nutrient solution, recovers original weight for standard substantially with bacterium bag.Wherein, pulp furnish contained by nutrient solution is: white granulated sugar 0.5kg, composite fertilizer 0.3kg, gypsum 0.5kg, separately adds triacontanol 25g, brute force urges mushroom king 50mL, mushroom Feng Su 0.4kg, is watered 100kg.Composite fertilizer in batching is high phosphorus height potassium type, and various component ratio is: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=12:18:17; Mushroom Feng Su, triacontanol are Kodak bio tech ltd, Nanchang product, and brute force urges mushroom king for Suizhou City Zengdu District is with edge edible mushroom disinfectant factory product.
Through the cultivation in a week after injection nutrient solution, can fruiting be continued, average every two weeks one batch, can fruiting 5-6 stubble continuously.
Good by a flat mushroom type of the method cultivation, meat is plump, and without dead mushroom, average bacteria cover diameter can reach 8-12cm (meeting high-quality flat mushroom standard), and first planting mushroom output can reach 0.6-0.75kg/ bag, and biological transformation ratio is 260%.
The fruiting phase of the present embodiment spring cultivation flat mushroom, in summer, is off-season cultivation, temperature influence, the aging quickening of mycelia, lower slightly compared with autumn cultivation output.
Embodiment 2
The greenhouse cultivation of autumn (September) flat mushroom, selection general types flat mushroom in autumn disease-resistant 265, by Gaoyou, Jiangsu, edible mushroom research institute provides.
(1) medium preparation
Take each raw material by following proportioning: boll hull 400kg, corncob 377kg, lotus seed shell 154kg, corn flour 40kg, lime 10kg, gypsum 10kg, dregs of beans 5kg, composite fertilizer 8kg, always expect 1000kg; Mushroom Feng Su 800g, mushroom doctor 200g.Wherein, corncob about 2 centimeters aperture screen clothes are ground into iblet or soybean grain size; Composite fertilizer is high phosphorus height potassium type, and various component ratio is: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=12:18:17; Mushroom Feng Su is Kodak bio tech ltd, Nanchang product, and mushroom doctor is that Suizhou City Zengdu District is with edge edible mushroom disinfectant factory product.
Corncob and lotus seed shell are proposed a few days ago watering to mix thoroughly, add water 580kg, heap fermentation, adds other raw materials again before pack, regulates water content about 60%.
(2) medium pack: use that knuckle footpath, bag are long, thickness is 23cm × 45cm × 0.03cm, the polyethylene plastic bag of an opening packs, every packed wet feed 2.5-3kg, put flat mushroom fruiting circle, and seal with polypropylene sealed membrane (12cm × 12cm, thickness is the square polypropylene film of 0.5mm).Pack degree of tightness appropriateness, hand rest bacterium bag is without indenture.
(3) medium sterilization
Bacterium bag (polyethylene plastic bag of medium is housed) is loaded Packs sterilized and carries out sterilizing inside, bacterium bag " well " font is put.The Horizontal energy-saving boiler of 1.6m × 0.6m × 1.6m (long × wide × high) is selected to carry out steam supply.Laying temperature detector in bag, 100 DEG C maintain 10h, finally cease fire.
When dropping to about 70 DEG C etc. the bacterium bag temperature of bacterium of having gone out, take the dish out of the pot while hot.Neat for the bacterium bag taken the dish out of the pot is placed in booth, waits to be seeded.One row 5 uprightly puts, and length is not limit, and for convenience of the inspection work in later stage, can stay the distance of about 3-5cm between bacterium bag.
(4) sterilization before booth use
Within 7-10 days, open straw screen or mat in advance and shine canopy, until canopy humidity drops to less than 50%, within 5 days in advance, spray a lime, and spray lysol 10%, vexed canopy 12 hours, then open film, leave flavour of a drug.Add a spray insect protected spirit after 2 days, vexed canopy, after 12 hours, opens booth, and the flavour of a drug that leave are for subsequent use.
Inoculate first two hours by bacterial classification and other inoculating tools and put into booth, airtight door window, with concentration 10% lysol, booth is carried out disinfection.
(5) inoculated and cultured
Carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and cotton seed hulls bacterial classification before inoculation, the newspaper of sealing is first placed under the sun and is exposed to the sun, and it is square that newspaper is cut into 12 × 12cm.
This time produce the bacterial classification mother kind used to buy from Gaoyou, Jiangsu edible mushroom research institute, obtain tradition (cotton seed hulls) cultivated species through expanding propagation.
Carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and strain bag surface before inoculation.
Inoculation method is: a, open bacterium encapsulating membrana oralis fast, uses perforation rod to get the hole of two centimeters of diameters in bacterium bag central authorities; B, open strain bag, pinched by bacterial classification and fall apart into iblet size, be sprinkling upon uniformly in bacterium bag surface and central hole, every bag cultivating bacterium bag inoculum concentration is 0.25kg; C, seal up newspaper (double-deck newspaper) fast, fix with rubber band.
Open ventilating opening after having inoculated, stronger ventilation, make air humidity lower than 50%.At room temperature, namely cover with through 25 days mycelia, mycelia is pure white sturdy, energetic.
(6) fruiting: increase humidity to 80-90%, through the further cultivation of about 5 days, just can see former base and be formed.Again through about a week, treat that flat mushroom grows to ripe very likely, edge is involute, cap do not have complete open and flat time gather.
(7) Additional nutrient solution: after two batches of mushrooms of gathering, in bacterium bag, injection nutrient solution, recovers original weight for standard substantially with bacterium bag.Wherein, pulp furnish contained by nutrient solution is: white granulated sugar 0.5kg, composite fertilizer 0.3kg, gypsum 0.5kg, separately adds triacontanol 25g, brute force urges mushroom king 50mL, mushroom Feng Su 0.4kg, is watered 100kg.Composite fertilizer in batching is high phosphorus height potassium type, and various component ratio is: nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=12:18:17; Mushroom Feng Su, triacontanol are Kodak bio tech ltd, Nanchang product, and brute force urges mushroom king for Suizhou City Zengdu District is with edge edible mushroom disinfectant factory product.
Through the cultivation in a week after injection nutrient solution, can fruiting be continued, can fruiting 7-9 stubble continuously, one batch of mushroom of can gathering for every 15 days, until the Ching Ming Festival of Second Year.
Good by a flat mushroom type of the method cultivation, cap light gray is to Dark grey, and meat is plump, without dead mushroom, average bacteria cover diameter can reach 8-12cm (meeting high-quality flat mushroom standard), and first planting mushroom output can reach 0.6-0.75kg/ bag, and biological transformation ratio is at 260-300%.
Embodiment 3
Adopt cultivating white mushroom of the present invention, production efficiency comparatively traditional approach improves 50%, utilization of area rate improves 30%, about 15 days fruitings ahead of time, success rate comparatively traditional approach improves 5-10% (can arrive more than 99%), and biological transformation ratio will reach 260-300%, and product meat is thick, mushroom type is beautiful, and quality is high.
Following table is traditional grog cultivating white mushroom, the present invention uses traditional cultivating bacterial spawn flat mushroom and the present invention to use peg wood cultivating bacterial spawn flat mushroom comparative test result.
Illustrate: (1) conventional method cultivating white mushroom refers to by traditional common prescription " boll hull 50%, corncob 38%, wheat bran 10%, lime 1%, gypsum 1% " through traditional flat mushroom grog cultivation flow process, two tying, two is inoculated, two fruiting, later stage not moisturizing, the flat mushroom that the mode do not had additional nutrients is cultivated; (2) the present invention's tradition cultivating bacterial spawn, adopts formula of the present invention and flow process, through a headgear fruiting circle and polypropylene film sealing, an inoculation (with traditional boll hull bacterial classification, middle punching inoculation), a fruiting, later stage moisturizing (nutrient solution), has additional nutrients; (3) peg wood bacterial classification of the present invention (preparation of peg wood bacterial classification is with embodiment 1) cultivation, adopt formula of the present invention and flow process, through a headgear fruiting circle and polypropylene film sealing, an inoculation (uses peg wood bacterial classification, middle punching inoculation), a fruiting, later stage moisturizing, has additional nutrients; (4) put rod amount and refer to that 0.07 hectare puts the quantity of flat mushroom bacterium bag, this experiment employing 23 × 45cm flat mushroom commonly uses cultivation bag; (5) send out the bacterium time refer to from inoculation time play the time that mycelia covers with full bag; (6) inoculation speed refers to everyone inoculation bag number hourly average; (7) after success ratio of inoculation finger kind, mycelial growth is normal, and without the infection at any inoculation mouth place, if occur after inoculation, mycelia does not sprout or inoculates mouth occurs infecting, and is all inoculation unsuccessful; (8) total output of fresh refers in the whole fruiting phase, the average gross yield of each bacterium bag; (9) biological transformation ratio refers to the ratio of fresh mushroom production and composts or fertilisers of cultivating dry weight, and counts with percentage; (10) flat mushroom product are divided into 5 grades mutually, " 0 " is the jaundice of mushroom body, mushroom root is long carefully, occur that part mushroom flower bud is dead, mushroom body is loose, thin, debility, " ++++" is for mushroom body is compact, meat is plump, without dead mushroom, to cover large handle short, with second of flat mushroom fruiting the damp mushroom for passing judgment on material, arbitrarily plucking, and loading in different frame of plastics, in unwitting situation, judge is allowed to be passed judgment on by sense organ.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) medium preparation:
Take following materials in percentage by mass: boll hull 40%, corncob 38%, lotus seed shell 12 ~ 15%, corn flour 3 ~ 6%, lime 1 ~ 1.5%, gypsum 1%, dregs of beans 0.5%, composite fertilizer 0.5 ~ 1%, total amount 100%; Separately add mushroom Feng Su, mushroom doctor;
Corncob and lotus seed shell are carried and a few days ago prewets, heap fermentation, before pack, add other raw materials again, regulate water content 60-65%;
(2) medium pack: use polyethylene plastic bag to pack, put fruiting circle, and seal with polypropylene sealed membrane;
(3) medium sterilization: bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing; Described bacterium bag is the polyethylene plastic bag that medium is housed;
(4) place sterilization: sterilized in mushroom cultivation place in advance;
(5) inoculated and cultured: carry out disinfection with the alcohol opponent of 75%, the perforation rod of inoculation and bacterial classification before inoculation;
Inoculation method is: open bacterium encapsulating membrana oralis, use perforation rod to get hole in bacterium bag central authorities, seal up newspaper, fix with rubber band after access bacterial classification;
After inoculation, adding forced ventilation, ensure enough oxygen supplies, keeping air humidity to be less than 50%, to covering with mycelia;
(6) fruiting: after mycelia is covered with, air humidity is increased to 80-90% and continues to gather when being cultured to flat mushroom maturation;
(7) Additional nutrient solution: after two batches of mushrooms of gathering, injection nutrient solution in bacterium bag, continues to cultivate after making bacterium bag recover original weight amount; Wherein, pulp furnish contained by nutrient solution is: white granulated sugar 0.5%, composite fertilizer 0.3 ~ 0.5% or urea 0.1 ~ 0.3% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 ~ 0.3%, gypsum 0.5%, and surplus is water; Separately add triacontanol, brute force urges the strong greatly or mushroom Feng Su of mushroom king, mushroom, mushroom doctor, gram mould king, lime, growth hormone 802, insect protected spirit choosing add.
2. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the maize cob meal described in step (1) is broken into iblet or soybean grain size.
3. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the polyethylene plastic bag that the polyethylene plastic bag described in step (2) is 23cm × 45cm, thickness is 0.3mm, an opening, every packed wet feed 2.5 ~ 3kg; The square polypropylene film that described polypropylene sealed membrane is 12cm × 12cm, thickness is 0.5mm.
4. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (3) sterilizing is for discharging bacterium bag in " well " font, and 100 DEG C keep 8-10h.
5. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the place described in step (4) is culturing room or booth; Wherein, culturing room's sterilization carries out disinfection with aerosol disinfectant after culturing room being closed; Booth sterilization is: making canopy humidity drop to less than 50% by shining canopy, spraying a lime, and sprays disinfection drug or spray with aerosol disinfectant, vexed canopy 12 hours, open film again, leave flavour of a drug, adds a spray insect protected spirit after 2 days, vexed canopy, after 12 hours, opens booth, and the flavour of a drug that leave are for subsequent use.
6. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bacterial classification described in step (5) comprise No. 1, Warburg Pincus, 265,260, little black flat, ash is beautiful, grey No. 1 of summer.
7. the method for flat mushroom Super-high-yielding Cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bacterial classification described in step (5) is peg wood bacterial classification or conventional bacterial classification, and conventional bacterial classification refers to boll hull or grain kind; Peg wood bacterial classification is every bag and connects one, and conventional bacterial classification every bag meets 0.25kg.
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