CN105000966A - Lentinus edodes cultivation matrix and entinus edodes cultivation method - Google Patents
Lentinus edodes cultivation matrix and entinus edodes cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105000966A CN105000966A CN201510362309.XA CN201510362309A CN105000966A CN 105000966 A CN105000966 A CN 105000966A CN 201510362309 A CN201510362309 A CN 201510362309A CN 105000966 A CN105000966 A CN 105000966A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lentinus edodes cultivation matrix, which comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 10%-20% of cannabis sativa shell, 10%-20% of lotus seed shell, 10%-20% of walnut shell, 10%-20% of almond shell, 20%-50% of weed tree sawdust, 10%-15% of wheat bran, 4%-6% of sorghum flour, 4%-6% of wheat flour, 1%-2% of bean cake, 2%-3% of peanut bran, 1%-2% of cannabis sativa bran, 1%-2% of cattle bone powder, 2%-3% of lime powder, and 1%-2% of sugar. For the lentinus edodes cultivated by the lentinus edodes cultivation matrix, the total content of protein and amino acid in fruiting bodies is higher than that of general lentinus edodes. The carbon, nitrogen nutritions and the like in the cannabis sativa shell, lotus seed shell, walnut shell, almond shell and other culture materials can be effectively utilized and transformed by lentinus edodes, the produced lentinus edodes has better taste than the conventionally cultivated, heavier lentinus edodes flavor and excellent quality. The lentinus edodes cultivation method provided by the invention has high lentinus edodes yield, and the unit area lentinus edodes shred yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus culturing, particularly a kind of cultivation matrix of mushroom and the cultivating method of mushroom.
Background technology
Mushroom is second-biggest-in-the-world edible mushrooms, one of Ye Shi China special product, at the title have " mountain delicacy " among the people.It is the fungi of a kind of growth on timber.Delicious flavour, fragrance oozes people, nutritious, have " plant queen " good reputation.China is maximum in the world Lentnus edodes state, export State and country of consumption.Usually with disconnected wood or log cultivation mushroom before domestic mushroom, the method for such mushroom culture, substantially increases cultivation cost, the popularization of restriction mushroom plant husbandry and development.So there has been the method for mushroom substituting stuff cultivation, mainly according to cultivation condition, the substratum that design configurations is different.Utilize the materials such as the wood chip crop material of rich cellulose, xylogen, hemicellulose and weeds as the main component of cultivated material in substratum, being suitably equipped with the wheat bran, rice bran and the lime, calcium carbonate and so on that are rich in organic and VITAMIN, to contain inorganic salt material be auxiliary material.But along with mushroom industry is while fast development, due to consuming excessively of the resources of production such as wood chip, cause enormous pressure to the forest reserves and ecotope.
The information being disclosed in this background technology part is only intended to increase the understanding to general background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as admitting or imply in any form that this information structure has been prior art that persons skilled in the art are known.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation matrix of mushroom, to reduce the usage quantity of wooden chaff in traditional cultivation matrix, and make that mushroom growth is rapid, meat is plump, delicious in taste, make mushroom flavor stronger.
Another object of the present invention is to the cultivating method that a kind of mushroom is provided, such that mushroom growth is good, output is high, and the space structure of mushroom canopy can be made full use of.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of cultivation matrix of mushroom, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 10% ~ 20%, lotus seed shell 10% ~ 20%, nut-shell 10% ~ 20%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 10% ~ 20%, weed tree sawdust 20% ~ 50%, wheat bran 10% ~ 15%, sorghum flour 4% ~ 6%, wheat-flour 4% ~ 6%, soya-bean cake 1% ~ 2%, peanut press pulp 2% ~ 3%, fiery numb bran 1% ~ 2%, bovine bone powder 1% ~ 2%, lime powder 2% ~ 3%, sugar 1% ~ 2%.
Preferably, in technique scheme, the cultivation matrix of described mushroom, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 11%, lotus seed shell 10%, nut-shell 11%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 11%, weed tree sawdust 25%, wheat bran 11%, sorghum flour 5%, wheat-flour 5%, soya-bean cake 2%, peanut press pulp 3%, fiery numb bran 2%, bovine bone powder 1%, lime powder 2%, sugar 1%.
Preferably, in technique scheme, described sugar is brown sugar.
A kind of method for cultivating mushroom, comprises the following steps:
(1) batching and fermentation: numb for fire shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum are shattered, add water stirring, then heap heap fermentation 1 ~ 3 day, turning every day; Weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, sorghum flour, wheat-flour, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp, fiery numb bran, bovine bone powder, lime powder, sugar are added water and mixes, then by after whole mixing of materials, then ferments 1 ~ 2 day;
(2) pack, sterilizing and inoculation;
(3) hair tube reason: the culturing room that dark surrounds put into by postvaccinal bacterium rod cultivated, room temp controls at 25 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, frequent ventilation, and keep air fresh, humidity can not more than 70%;
(4) management of producing mushroom: with nutritive mud and water mixing in mushroom canopy, be built into mud post, lentinus edodes strain stick mud post is built into lentinus edodes strain stick adhesion Nutrition Soil round pendulum mud post around mud post, fill with nutritive mud between each bacterium rod, described bacterium rod has sent out bacterium and taken off the lentinus edodes strain stick of bag, inserts weep pipe at the middle part of mud post; Then carry out urging flower bud, urge temperature and humidity in flower bud process as follows:
A). temperature controls, and daytime, lid film thermal insulating, opened film cooling evening, continued stimulus 5 ~ 7 days;
B). humid control, do not give bacterium rod trickle every 2 ~ 3 days, later again every day trickle 3 ~ 4 times, continuous 3 ~ 5 days; Heat and moisture preserving after mushroom flower bud occurs, mushroom canopy temperature controls at 12 ~ 22 DEG C, and humid control is 80 ~ 95%, and the heat and moisture preserving phase is 5 ~ 7 days;
(5) gather.
Preferably, in technique scheme, the earth in described step (4) by weight percentage meter comprises: lime 1 ~ 5%, coconut palm chaff 1 ~ 5%, bagasse 10 ~ 30%, particle loam 30 ~ 50%, bacterium chaff 30 ~ 50%.
Preferably, in technique scheme, in the management of producing mushroom process of described step (4), nutritive medium is injected to bacterium rod, described nutritive medium percentage comprises: 1 ~ 3% brown sugar, 1 ~ 10% potato are to boil water, 1 ~ 3% lime, 0.01 ~ 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0.01 ~ 0.1% potassium primary phosphate, and surplus is water.
Preferably, in technique scheme, described potato is to boil water filters gained for 100g potato slice is added 1000g water after boiling.
Preferably, in technique scheme, gathering of described step (5), every tide is cut off the water after gathering 2 ~ 3 days, bacteria 7 ~ 10 days, and the weep pipe then in the middle part of mud post injects nutritive medium and carries out second time management of producing mushroom, according to this until when fruiting is little.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the cultivation matrix nutrition of mushroom of the present invention is relatively more comprehensive, and the mushroom delicious planted, mouthfeel are good, Functionality, quality and appealing design.
(2) fiery numb shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum etc. are added in the cultivation matrix of mushroom of the present invention, fire numb shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum etc. are containing abundant Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, for mushroom growth provides sufficient nutrient, extend the fruiting cycle, both can turn waste into wealth, make rational use of resources, enriched again the culturing raw material of edible mushrooms.Carbon and nitrogen nutrition etc. in the culture materials such as fire numb shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum can effectively be utilized conversion by mushroom, and the mushroom of output is better than conventional cultivation mouthfeel, mushroom flavor is stronger, Functionality, quality and appealing design.
(3) cultivation method of mushroom of the present invention mushroom production is out high, the output of cultivation one jin of raw material produce fresh mushroom one jin to one and half between.Because this invention formula nutritional is comprehensive, add that the later stage injects nutritive medium and manages, and the Ways of fruiting of three-dimensional earthing cylindricality, can increase yield.Unit surface mushroom canopy moushroom yield is high.
(4) cultivating method of mushroom of the present invention adopts the method for three-dimensional cylindricality fruiting, namely with fertile earth, the bacterium rod of fruiting is built into cylindrical shape, has the value of sightseeing, can be developed as Eco-agricultural tourism garden.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention not by the restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation matrix of mushroom, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 11%, lotus seed shell 10%, nut-shell 11%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 11%, weed tree sawdust 25%, wheat bran 11%, sorghum flour 5%, wheat-flour 5%, soya-bean cake 2%, peanut press pulp 3%, fiery numb bran 2%, bovine bone powder 1%, lime powder 2%, brown sugar 1%.
A kind of method for cultivating mushroom, comprises the following steps:
(1) batching and fermentation: numb for fire shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum are shattered, be crushed to the particle that particle diameter is 5 ~ 7mm, add water and stir, add water while stirring, humidity can have water to ooze out but not ooze be advisable with hand-tight culture material of holding, then heap heap fermentation 1 ~ 3 day, turning every day, leavening temperature is about 60 DEG C; Weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, sorghum flour, wheat-flour, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp, fiery numb bran, bovine bone powder, lime powder, brown sugar are added water and mixes, in the pasty state, place 4 hours, then by after whole mixing of materials, ferment 1 ~ 2 day, leavening temperature is about 60 DEG C again.
(2) pack, make it moisture about 63% time and the pack of available sack packer the material fermented, during pack, diameter is the film cylinder material of 15 ~ 18 centimetres, and its length is the cylinder bag of 30 ~ 45 centimetres.
(3) sterilizing, then puts into woven bag by neat for the pocket installing culture material two doubling sack, and then puts into Autoclave, so conveniently takes the dish out of the pot and transports the pocket after sterilizing.When sterilising temp reaches 100 DEG C, keep 18 ~ 24 hours, then stop heating, after vexed 12 hours, take out pocket.
(4) inoculate, the pocket good by sterilizing, move in the prior transfer room disinfected, continue again to sterilize in transfer room with aerosol disinfectant for edible fungus, when people enters transfer room again with 84 thimerosal aerial sprayings sterilizations; After disinfecting, take out pocket from woven bag, respectively put into the thick bacterial classification of one deck 3cm (i.e. two inoculation method) at pocket two, then doubling sack; One people is responsible for postvaccinal bacterium cylinder to put into another woven bag of totally having sterilized; Conveniently move into culturing room, and woven bag can stop miscellaneous bacteria invasion bacterium cylinder, reduces bacterium cylinder and infects, both facilitated transport to be improved bacterium cylinder and cultivated successful probability.
(5) hair tube reason: the culturing room that dark surrounds put into by postvaccinal bacterium rod cultivated, room temp controls at 25 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, frequent ventilation, and keep air fresh, humidity can not more than 70%.
(6) management of producing mushroom: with nutritive mud and water mixing in mushroom canopy, be built into the diameter cylinder that diameter is 0.5 ~ 1 meter, height is the length of bacterium rod, mushroom rod mud post is built into lentinus edodes strain stick adhesion Nutrition Soil round pendulum mud post around mud post, to be separated by between each bacterium rod 1-2cm, 1-2cm fills with Nutrition Soil, and bacterium rod requires it is sent out bacterium and taken off the lentinus edodes strain stick of bag; Also can be first bacterium rod is lined up cylindrical, and then banket toward centre, after puzzling the first layer, then the second layer is built, when building the second layer, the right cylinder 2-4cm less of the cylinder diameter of lower one deck of the second layer, is built into concentric but the right cylinder of different diameter successively like this, generally can build into 3 ~ 4 layers, high about 120 ~ 180cm; Weep pipe is inserted at the middle part of mud post, weep pipe is pvc pipe, boring a diameter every 10cm place electric drill is the circular hole of 2 ~ 3cm, this kind builds earth Ways of fruiting, makes bacterium rod well can absorb nutrient in earth, adds to be managed by pvc, artificial injection nutritive medium, thus can have more mushroom by sample lentinus edodes strain stick, realize the object of high yield, greatly reduce floor space.In order to enable bacterium rod fruiting smoothly, needing to carry out urging flower bud, urging temperature and humidity in flower bud process as follows:
A). temperature controls, lid film thermal insulating on daytime (but can not more than 28 degree), and open film cooling evening, the temperature difference is the bigger the better, continued stimulus 5 ~ 7 days;
B). humid control, do not give bacterium rod trickle every 2 ~ 3 days, later again every day trickle 3 ~ 4 times, continuous 3 ~ 5 days, mushroom rod moisture to increase, must widen and dryly wet poor, reach the object of fruiting.Heat and moisture preserving after mushroom flower bud occurs, mushroom canopy temperature controls at 12 ~ 22 DEG C, and humid control is 80 ~ 95%, and specifically control by opening film, lid film realizes, and the heat and moisture preserving phase is 5 ~ 7 days.
(7) gather, every tide is cut off the water after gathering 2 ~ 3 days, bacteria 7 ~ 10 days, and the weep pipe then in the middle part of mud post injects nutritive medium and carries out second time management of producing mushroom, according to this until when fruiting is little.
Preferably, the earth in described step (6) by weight percentage meter comprises: lime 2%, coconut palm chaff 2%, bagasse 15%, particle loam 40%, bacterium chaff 41%.
Preferably, in the management of producing mushroom process of described step (6), inject nutritive medium to bacterium rod, described nutritive medium percentage comprises: 1% brown sugar, 5% potato are to boil water, 1% lime, 0.04% magnesium sulfate, 0.04% potassium primary phosphate, and surplus is water.Described potato is to boil water filters gained for 100g potato slice is added 1000g water after boiling.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is from the different of embodiment 1: a kind of cultivation matrix of mushroom, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 15%, lotus seed shell 12%, nut-shell 13%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 10%, weed tree sawdust 20%, wheat bran 10%, sorghum flour 5%, wheat-flour 5%, soya-bean cake 1%, peanut press pulp 3%, fiery numb bran 2%, bovine bone powder 1%, lime powder 2%, brown sugar 1%.
Described earth by weight percentage meter comprises: lime 1%, coconut palm chaff 3%, bagasse 10%, particle loam 40%, bacterium chaff 46%.
Described nutritive medium percentage comprises: 2% brown sugar, 8% potato are to boil water, 2% lime, 0.05% magnesium sulfate, 0.05% potassium primary phosphate, and surplus is water.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. the cultivation matrix of a mushroom, it is characterized in that, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 10% ~ 20%, lotus seed shell 10% ~ 20%, nut-shell 10% ~ 20%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 10% ~ 20%, weed tree sawdust 20% ~ 50%, wheat bran 10% ~ 15%, sorghum flour 4% ~ 6%, wheat-flour 4% ~ 6%, soya-bean cake 1% ~ 2%, peanut press pulp 2% ~ 3%, fiery numb bran 1% ~ 2%, bovine bone powder 1% ~ 2%, lime powder 2% ~ 3%, sugar 1% ~ 2%.
2. the cultivation matrix of mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this base starting material percentage comprises following component: fiery numb shell 11%, lotus seed shell 10%, nut-shell 11%, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum 11%, weed tree sawdust 25%, wheat bran 11%, sorghum flour 5%, wheat-flour 5%, soya-bean cake 2%, peanut press pulp 3%, fiery numb bran 2%, bovine bone powder 1%, lime powder 2%, sugar 1%.
3. the cultivation matrix of mushroom according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sugar is brown sugar.
4. utilize a method for cultivating mushroom for cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) batching and fermentation: numb for fire shell, lotus seed shell, nut-shell, Pericarppium Armeniacae Amarum are shattered, add water stirring, then heap heap fermentation 1 ~ 3 day, turning every day; Weed tree sawdust, wheat bran, sorghum flour, wheat-flour, soya-bean cake, peanut press pulp, fiery numb bran, bovine bone powder, lime powder, sugar are added water and mixes, then by after whole mixing of materials, then ferments 1 ~ 2 day;
(2) pack, sterilizing and inoculation;
(3) hair tube reason: the culturing room that dark surrounds put into by postvaccinal bacterium rod cultivated, room temp controls at 25 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, frequent ventilation, and keep air fresh, humidity can not more than 70%;
(4) management of producing mushroom: with nutritive mud and water mixing in mushroom canopy, be built into mud post, lentinus edodes strain stick mud post is built into lentinus edodes strain stick adhesion Nutrition Soil round pendulum mud post around mud post, fill with nutritive mud between each bacterium rod, described bacterium rod has sent out bacterium and taken off the lentinus edodes strain stick of bag, inserts weep pipe at the middle part of mud post; Then carry out urging flower bud, urge temperature and humidity in flower bud process as follows:
A). temperature controls, and daytime, lid film thermal insulating, opened film cooling evening, continued stimulus 5 ~ 7 days;
B). humid control, do not give bacterium rod trickle every 2 ~ 3 days, later again every day trickle 3 ~ 4 times, continuous 3 ~ 5 days; Heat and moisture preserving after mushroom flower bud occurs, mushroom canopy temperature controls at 12 ~ 22 DEG C, and humid control is 80 ~ 95%, and the heat and moisture preserving phase is 5 ~ 7 days;
(5) gather.
5. the cultivating method of mushroom according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the earth in described step (4) by weight percentage meter comprises: lime 1 ~ 5%, coconut palm chaff 1 ~ 5%, bagasse 10 ~ 30%, particle loam 30 ~ 50%, bacterium chaff 30 ~ 50%.
6. the cultivating method of mushroom according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the management of producing mushroom process of described step (4), nutritive medium is injected to bacterium rod, described nutritive medium percentage comprises: 1 ~ 3% brown sugar, 1 ~ 10% potato are to boil water, 1 ~ 3% lime, 0.01 ~ 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0.01 ~ 0.1% potassium primary phosphate, and surplus is water.
7. the cultivating method of mushroom according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described potato is to boil water filters gained for 100g potato slice is added 1000g water after boiling.
8. the cultivating method of mushroom according to claim 4, is characterized in that, gathering of described step (5), every tide is cut off the water after gathering 2 ~ 3 days, bacteria 7 ~ 10 days, the weep pipe then in the middle part of mud post injects nutritive medium and carries out second time management of producing mushroom, according to this until when fruiting is little.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105474993A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-13 | 全椒县香妃农业专业合作社 | Snake butter planting method |
| CN105850506A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-17 | 师宗雨泽生物科技开发有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method of mushrooms |
| CN105948949A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州根生科技农业有限公司 | Mushroom cultivation material and preparation method for same |
| CN106386167A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 惠州市嘉程驾校有限公司 | Preparation method for culture medium |
| CN106699379A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-24 | 新昌县奥而特农业科技有限公司 | Lentinus edodes culture substrate prepared from compressed straws and preparation method of lentinus edodes culture substrate |
| CN106748301A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 平凉锐博知识产权服务有限公司 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107980479A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-04 | 罗成喜 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN109197376A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-15 | 贵州好菇粮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN111527990A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109197376A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-15 | 贵州好菇粮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of mushroom cultivating method |
| CN111527990A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN111527990B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-04-15 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
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