CN108633614A - A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633614A CN108633614A CN201810178490.2A CN201810178490A CN108633614A CN 108633614 A CN108633614 A CN 108633614A CN 201810178490 A CN201810178490 A CN 201810178490A CN 108633614 A CN108633614 A CN 108633614A
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- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isomatrine Natural products C1CCC2CN3C(=O)CCCC3C3C2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N Matrine Chemical compound C1CC[C@H]2CN3C(=O)CCC[C@@H]3[C@@H]3[C@H]2N1CCC3 ZSBXGIUJOOQZMP-JLNYLFASSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930014456 matrine Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007685 Pleurotus columbinus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002686 mushroom body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 206010065929 Cardiovascular insufficiency Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241001492261 Pleurotaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom technical fields, and in particular to a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom.The implantation methods include the following steps：(1) place is selected：(2) canopy body sterilizes:(3) preparation of culture medium:Cultivation matrix includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：40~50 parts of corn flour, 20~25 parts of Soybean Meal, 10~25 parts of wheat stalk, 10~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 0.9~1.5 part of quick lime, 1.3~1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.1~0.2 part of urea, 1~2 part of multi-vitamins etc.；(4) it is inoculated with:(5) management in canopy:(6) management of producing mushroom:(7) it harvests:The greenhouse cultivation method dependable performance of oyster mushroom provided by the invention solves the problems, such as that there are low outputs and inferior in the plantation of existing oyster mushroom.The cultural method can not only promote the robust growth of mycelia, and effectively improve the nutritional quality and mouthfeel of oyster mushroom, keep it more smooth fresh and tender.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting edible mushroom technical fields, and in particular to a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom.
Background technology
Oyster mushroom is also known as oyster mushroom, black tree peony mushroom, a kind of edible fungus of Agaricales Pleurotaceae under Basidiomycota, principal item
Pick up the ears including branched oyster mushroom, Florida, phoenix-tail mushroom etc., according to the adaptability to temperature can be divided into low form, middle warm type and
High temperature modification kind, oyster mushroom eating mouth feel is fresh and tender, lubricious, taste is dense, tissue tight, is widely popularized as daily Pollution In Edible Mushroomss kind
Plantation.It is egg to contain nutritional ingredients, the protein contents such as abundant protein, carbohydrate, reduced sugar in oyster mushroom
2.6 times, the amino acid and nutritional ingredient of needed by human body can be supplemented, oyster mushroom also has anti-aging, anti-oxidant, cancer-resisting, antibacterial
The effect of anti-inflammatory, there is very high edible health to be worth.Since oyster mushroom likes temperature, winter temperature cannot meet growth needs, and one
As using greenhouse plant.But there are low outputs and inferior problem for existing greenhouse gardening oyster mushroom, therefore have by simplicity
The approach of effect is mushroom cultivation industry urgent problem to be solved to improve the production benefit of oyster mushroom and improve oyster mushroom quality.
Invention content
The present invention in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provides a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom to solve existing oyster mushroom
There are low outputs and inferior problem in plantation.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step：
(1) place is selected：
Greenhouse mushroom cultivation place is far from pollution sources, and surrounding is without chemical plant or smokestack, poultry field, rubbish heap etc., traffic
Convenient, draining is unimpeded, and water source cleaning is sufficient；Mushroom shed width is 8~10 meters, 40 meters long, and summer places 8000 bacterium bags, winter
10000 bacterium bags are placed, stays certain vacant lot as stock ground before mushroom shed, is used for the composting of culture medium, mushroom shed and stock ground face
Product is than being 3: 1；
(2) canopy body sterilizes:
Greenhouse oyster mushroom will sterilize to canopy body before producing every time, be fumigated frequently with sterilization ling smoke agent, every per canopy
Secondary general 5 boxes, are uniformly placed in canopy, light rear closed greenhouse 2 hours, and interval sterilizes 1 again after 1 day with identical method
It is secondary, reach in canopy body safely without miscellaneous bacteria；
(3) preparation of culture medium:
Cultivation matrix includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：40~50 parts of corn flour, 20~25 parts of Soybean Meal, wheat
10~25 parts of stalk, 10~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 0.9~1.5 part of quick lime, 1.3~1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, urea 0.1~0.2
Part, 1~2 part of multi-vitamins, 3~5 parts of complex enzyme, 3~10 parts of yeast agent, 2~5 parts of agent of lactic acid bacteria, 8~15 parts of vinasse；
The compost acid-base value modulated is maintained at pH 7.5~7.8, and appropriate aqueous amount is 60%~65%, then with 100 DEG C or more
High temperature persistently fumigate 12 hours, midway do not allow to cool down, be inoculated with after natural cooling；
(4) it is inoculated with:
Aseptically, the good high-quality three-class strain inoculation cultivation of activity is selected, when inoculation first unlocks bacterium bag mouth, uses
The sterilized spoon of alcohol takes rapidly 10~15 grams of strain and is uniformly put on culture medium, the plastics of 5~6 centimetres of diameter of sack
Ring blocks, and newspaper is used in combination to seal, rubber band on bundle, then with the other side of identical method inoculum bag；
(5) management in canopy:
Quick lime is spilt on inner greenhouse ground face to carry out disinfection sterilizing, and then the bacterium bag being inoculated with is moved into canopy in time and is discharged
Neatly；When the bacterium germination stage keep canopy temperature at 25 DEG C, must reinforce when temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is aeration-cooling, once temperature decline after
It to close the doors and windows rapidly, humid control is 80%；When the fruiting stage：After oyster mushroom shows button, it should be noted that ventilation, humidification, moisture pipe
The few and diligent principle of to master is managed, optimum temperature is at 14~18 DEG C in holding canopy, and relative humidity is between 85%~90%；
(6) management of producing mushroom:
Illumination：Fruiting phase should take the paper in fungus block off, keep mycelia light-exposed, to accelerate the formation of former base, greenhouse plastic foil
On one wide 1 meter of high straw screen or mat is taken every 0.5 meter, avoid that light is too strong and noon temperature is excessively high；
Temperature：16~18 DEG C of fruiting phase temperature, if noon temperature it is excessively high answer it is aeration-cooling, if night answered less than 5 DEG C
Heat temperature raising；
Humidity：Mushroom carpophore growth phase is very high to humidity requirement, and general relative air humidity is wanted 85%~95%
Ground moistening is often kept, need to be sprinkled water daily 2~3 times, spray form water；
Ventilation：Fructification stage oxygen demand increased, and increase ventilation rate, at noon temperature Gao Shiche
It takes a breath at bottom；Hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus has thorough grasp compost, and former base can quickly form, and can be harvested after 5~6 days；
(7) it harvests:
It to be sufficiently spread out in mushroom lid, be harvested before not launching spore, when harvesting wants large and small and all takes off, and not leave injury
Small mushroom body, plastic foil is wrapped again after having adopted, covers paper bacteria silk again, general 7 days, and start former base occur, in this way may be used
Harvest 5~6 damp mushrooms.
Preferably, the cultivation matrix includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：45 parts of corn flour, 22 parts of Soybean Meal,
15 parts of wheat stalk, 13 parts of cotton seed hulls, 1.2 parts of quick lime, 1.4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.15 part of urea, 1.3 parts of multi-vitamins,
4 parts of complex enzyme, 8 parts of yeast agent, 4 parts of agent of lactic acid bacteria, 12 parts of vinasse.
The processing method of the cultivation matrix is：Each raw material is weighed by the parts by weight, by corn flour, Soybean Meal, wheat
The mixed-powder that stalk and cotton seed hulls and wheat bran screen after crushing by 150~200 the polished standard screens, by mixed-powder
It is being stirred with quick lime, calcium superphosphate, urea, multi-vitamins part, complex enzyme, yeast agent, agent of lactic acid bacteria and vinasse
Uniformly.
Further include intensity of illumination, the oxygen volumetric concentration 24~28% using 500~600lux in the step (5)
It is persistently cultivated under part, and every 2~3 days spray a fungus block using oyster mushroom nutrient solution.
The oyster mushroom nutrient solution is made of following parts by weight material：10~25 parts of humic acid, 15~20 parts of humic acid, feather
2~6 parts of extracting solution, 2~5 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, 0.5~1 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, Flos Lonicerae extractive solution 1~4
Part, 0.1~0.3 part of matrine, 0.1~0.5 part of multiannensional-sine, 1~1.5 part of negative ion powder, 1~3 part of EM bacterium leavening agents, pure water
700~1000 parts.
Preferably, the oyster mushroom nutrient solution is made of following parts by weight material：15 parts of humic acid, 18 parts of humic acid, feather
5 parts of extracting solution, 3 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, 0.8 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, 3 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, matrine 0.2
Part, 0.3 part of multiannensional-sine, 1.3 parts of negative ion powder, 2 parts of EM bacterium leavening agents, 850 parts of pure water.
The invention solves the defect existing in the background technology, has the advantages that：
The greenhouse cultivation method dependable performance of oyster mushroom provided by the invention, solves in the plantation of existing oyster mushroom that there are yield
Low and inferior problem.The cultural method can not only promote the robust growth of mycelia, and effectively improve the nutrition of oyster mushroom
Quality and mouthfeel keep it more smooth fresh and tender.The culture of bacteria developing period and fruiting phase effectively facilitates the quick formation of fructification, has
Effect promotes the bioconversion in cultivation matrix so that biological transformation ratio improves 15%~17%, effectively facilitates each nutritional ingredient
Conversion and synthesis, oyster mushroom is big and strong, has higher nutritive value, and effectively avoids the generation of the mildew and rot phenomenon of oyster mushroom, to
Production cost is effectively reduced, yield is improved.The culture medium of preparation provides oyster mushroom using corn flour, cotton seed hulls, wheat stalk etc. and gives birth to
Long required carbon source and nitrogen source, to keep mycelia growth dense, fruit-body formation is early, is formed conducive to button, while increasing oyster mushroom
Cellulose and lignin needed for growth.Complex enzyme, yeast agent and agent of lactic acid bacteria are conducive to the fermentation maturity of windrow.Using the training
It supports base and plants oyster mushroom, oyster mushroom fruiting is stablized, and yield is high, and at low cost.It is periodically sprinkled by oyster mushroom nutrient solution, wherein containing abundant
The nutritional ingredients such as amino acid, carbohydrate, minerals, it is possible to provide nutrition supply needed for mushroom growth.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom, includes the following steps：
(1) place is selected：
Greenhouse mushroom cultivation place is far from pollution sources, and surrounding is without chemical plant or smokestack, poultry field, rubbish heap etc., traffic
Convenient, draining is unimpeded, and water source cleaning is sufficient；Mushroom shed width is 8~10 meters, 40 meters long, and summer places 8000 bacterium bags, winter
10000 bacterium bags are placed, stays certain vacant lot as stock ground before mushroom shed, is used for the composting of culture medium, mushroom shed and stock ground face
Product is than being 3: 1；
(2) canopy body sterilizes:
Greenhouse oyster mushroom will sterilize to canopy body before producing every time, be fumigated frequently with sterilization ling smoke agent, every per canopy
Secondary general 5 boxes, are uniformly placed in canopy, light rear closed greenhouse 2 hours, and interval sterilizes 1 again after 1 day with identical method
It is secondary, reach in canopy body safely without miscellaneous bacteria；
(3) preparation of culture medium:
Cultivation matrix includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：45 parts of corn flour, 22 parts of Soybean Meal, wheat stalk 15
Part, 13 parts of cotton seed hulls, 1.2 parts of quick lime, 1.4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.15 part of urea, 1.3 parts of multi-vitamins, 4 parts of complex enzyme,
8 parts of yeast agent, 4 parts of agent of lactic acid bacteria, 12 parts of vinasse.The compost acid-base value modulated is maintained at pH 7.5~7.8, suitable for containing
Water is 60%~65%, is then persistently fumigated 12 hours with 100 DEG C or more of high temperature, midway does not allow to cool down, and waits for certainly
So it is inoculated with after cooling；
(4) it is inoculated with:
Aseptically, the good high-quality three-class strain inoculation cultivation of activity is selected, when inoculation first unlocks bacterium bag mouth, uses
The sterilized spoon of alcohol takes rapidly 10~15 grams of strain and is uniformly put on culture medium, the plastics of 5~6 centimetres of diameter of sack
Ring blocks, and newspaper is used in combination to seal, rubber band on bundle, then with the other side of identical method inoculum bag；
(5) management in canopy:
Quick lime is spilt on inner greenhouse ground face to carry out disinfection sterilizing, and then the bacterium bag being inoculated with is moved into canopy in time and is discharged
Neatly；When the bacterium germination stage keep canopy temperature at 25 DEG C, must reinforce when temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is aeration-cooling, once temperature decline after
It to close the doors and windows rapidly, humid control is 80%；When the fruiting stage：After oyster mushroom shows button, it should be noted that ventilation, humidification, moisture pipe
The few and diligent principle of to master is managed, optimum temperature is at 14~18 DEG C in holding canopy, and relative humidity is between 85%~90%；Also wrap
It includes the intensity of illumination using 500~600lux, persistently cultivated under the conditions of oxygen volumetric concentration 24~28%, and every 2~3 days use
Oyster mushroom nutrient solution sprays a fungus block.Oyster mushroom nutrient solution is made of following parts by weight material：15 parts of humic acid, 18 parts of humic acid,
5 parts of feather extracting solution, 3 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, 0.8 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, 3 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, kuh-seng
0.2 part of alkali, 0.3 part of multiannensional-sine, 1.3 parts of negative ion powder, 2 parts of EM bacterium leavening agents, 850 parts of pure water.
(6) management of producing mushroom:
Illumination：Fruiting phase should take the paper in fungus block off, keep mycelia light-exposed, to accelerate the formation of former base, greenhouse plastic foil
On one wide 1 meter of high straw screen or mat is taken every 0.5 meter, avoid that light is too strong and noon temperature is excessively high；
Temperature：16~18 DEG C of fruiting phase temperature, if noon temperature it is excessively high answer it is aeration-cooling, if night answered less than 5 DEG C
Heat temperature raising；
Humidity：Mushroom carpophore growth phase is very high to humidity requirement, and general relative air humidity is wanted 85%~95%
Ground moistening is often kept, need to be sprinkled water daily 2~3 times, best spray form water；
Ventilation：Fructification stage oxygen demand increased, and increase ventilation rate, at noon temperature Gao Shiche
It takes a breath at bottom；Hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus has thorough grasp compost, and former base can quickly form, and can be harvested after 5~6 days；
(7) it harvests:
It to be sufficiently spread out in mushroom lid, be harvested before not launching spore, when harvesting wants large and small and all takes off, and not leave injury
Small mushroom body, plastic foil is wrapped again after having adopted, covers paper bacteria silk again, general 7 days start former base occur again, can adopt in this way
Receive 5~6 damp mushrooms.
The processing method of cultivation matrix of the present invention is：Weigh each raw material by the parts by weight, by corn flour, Soybean Meal,
The mixed-powder that wheat stalk and cotton seed hulls and wheat bran screen after crushing by 150~200 the polished standard screens, will mix
Powder is being stirred with quick lime, calcium superphosphate, urea, multi-vitamins part, complex enzyme, yeast agent, agent of lactic acid bacteria and vinasse
It is uniformly mixed.
Embodiment 2
As different from Example 1,40 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of Soybean Meal, 10 parts of wheat stalk, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, raw stone
0.9 part of ash, 1.3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.1 part of urea, 1 part of multi-vitamins, 3 parts of complex enzyme, 3 parts of yeast agent, agent of lactic acid bacteria 2
Part, 8 parts of vinasse；Oyster mushroom nutrient solution is made of following parts by weight material：10 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of humic acid, feather extracting solution 2
Part, 2 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, 0.5 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, 1 part of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 0.1 part of matrine, multidimensional
0.1 part of element, 1 part of negative ion powder, 1 part of EM bacterium leavening agents, 700 parts of pure water.
Embodiment 3
As different from Example 1,50 parts of corn flour, 25 parts of Soybean Meal, 25 parts of wheat stalk, 15 parts of cotton seed hulls, raw stone
1.5 parts of ash, 1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.2 part of urea, 2 parts of multi-vitamins, 5 parts of complex enzyme, 10 parts of yeast agent, agent of lactic acid bacteria
5 parts, 15 parts of vinasse；Oyster mushroom nutrient solution is made of following parts by weight material：25 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of humic acid, feather extracting solution 6
Part, 5 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, 1 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, 4 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 0.3 part of matrine, multiannensional-sine
0.5 part, 1.5 parts of negative ion powder, 3 parts of EM bacterium leavening agents, 1000 parts of pure water.
The cultural method of the present invention can not only promote the robust growth of mycelia, and effectively improve the nutritional quality of oyster mushroom
And mouthfeel, keep it more smooth fresh and tender.The culture of bacteria developing period and fruiting phase effectively facilitates the quick formation of fructification, effectively promotees
Into the bioconversion in cultivation matrix so that biological transformation ratio improves 15%~17%, effectively facilitates the conversion of each nutritional ingredient
And synthesis, oyster mushroom is big and strong, has higher nutritive value, and effectively avoids the generation of the mildew and rot phenomenon of oyster mushroom, to effectively
Production cost is reduced, yield is improved.The culture medium of preparation provides mushroom growth institute using corn flour, cotton seed hulls, wheat stalk etc.
The carbon source and nitrogen source needed, to keep mycelia growth dense, fruit-body formation is early, is formed conducive to button, while increasing mushroom growth
Required cellulose and lignin.Complex enzyme, yeast agent and agent of lactic acid bacteria are conducive to the fermentation maturity of windrow.Using the culture medium
Oyster mushroom is planted, oyster mushroom fruiting is stablized, and yield is high, and at low cost.It is periodically sprinkled by oyster mushroom nutrient solution, wherein containing abundant ammonia
The nutritional ingredients such as base acid, carbohydrate, minerals, it is possible to provide nutrition supply needed for mushroom growth.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) place is selected：
Greenhouse mushroom cultivation place is far from pollution sources, and surrounding is without chemical plant or smokestack, poultry field, rubbish heap etc., traffic convenience,
Drain unimpeded, water source cleaning abundance；Mushroom shed width is 8~10 meters, 40 meters long, and summer places 8000 bacterium bags, and winter places
10000 bacterium bags stay before mushroom shed certain vacant lot as stock ground, are used for the composting of culture medium, and mushroom shed is 3 with stock ground area ratio
∶1；
(2) canopy body sterilizes:
Greenhouse oyster mushroom will sterilize to canopy body before production every time, be fumigated frequently with sterilization ling smoke agent, per canopy every time one
As with 5 boxes, be uniformly placed in canopy, light rear closed greenhouse 2 hours, interval is sterilized 1 time after 1 day with identical method again, is reached
Safely without miscellaneous bacteria in canopy body；
(3) preparation of culture medium:
Cultivation matrix includes the following raw material counted in parts by weight：40~50 parts of corn flour, 20~25 parts of Soybean Meal, wheat stalk
10~25 parts, it is 10~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 0.9~1.5 part of quick lime, 1.3~1.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.1~0.2 part of urea, multiple
Close 1~2 part of vitamin, 3~5 parts of complex enzyme, 3~10 parts of yeast agent, 2~5 parts of agent of lactic acid bacteria, 8~15 parts of vinasse；It modulates
Compost acid-base value be maintained at pH 7.5~7.8, appropriate aqueous amount is 60%~65%, then with 100 DEG C or more of high temperature
It persistently fumigates 12 hours, midway does not allow to cool down, and is inoculated with after natural cooling；
(4) it is inoculated with:
Aseptically, the good high-quality three-class strain inoculation cultivation of activity is selected, when inoculation first unlocks bacterium bag mouth, uses alcohol
Sterilized spoon takes rapidly 10~15 grams of strain and is uniformly put on culture medium, the plastic hoop card of 5~6 centimetres of diameter of sack
Firmly, it is used in combination newspaper to seal, rubber band on bundle, then the other side with identical method inoculum bag；
(5) management in canopy:
Quick lime is spilt on inner greenhouse ground face to carry out disinfection sterilizing, then the bacterium bag being inoculated with is moved into canopy in time discharge it is whole
Together；When the bacterium germination stage keep canopy temperature at 25 DEG C, must reinforce when temperature is more than 30 DEG C it is aeration-cooling, once temperature decline after want
It closes the doors and windows rapidly, humid control is 80%；When the fruiting stage：After oyster mushroom shows button, it should be noted that ventilation, humidification, water management
The few and diligent principle of to master, keep canopy in optimum temperature at 14~18 DEG C, relative humidity is between 85%~90%；
(6) management of producing mushroom:
Illumination：Fruiting phase should take the paper in fungus block off, keep mycelia light-exposed, every on greenhouse plastic foil to accelerate the formation of former base
One wide 1 meter of high straw screen or mat is taken every 0.5 meter, avoids that light is too strong and noon temperature is excessively high；
Temperature：16~18 DEG C of fruiting phase temperature, if noon temperature it is excessively high answer it is aeration-cooling, if night should heat less than 5 DEG C
Heating；
Humidity：Mushroom carpophore growth phase is very high to humidity requirement, and relative air humidity will often be kept 85%~95%
Ground moistens, and need to sprinkle water daily 2~3 times, spray form water；
Ventilation：Fructification stage oxygen demand increased, and to increase ventilation rate, thoroughly be changed when temperature is high at noon
Gas；Hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus has thorough grasp compost, and former base can quickly form, and can be harvested after 5~6 days；
(7) it harvests:
It to be sufficiently spread out in mushroom lid, be harvested before not launching spore, when harvesting wants large and small and all takes off, and not leave injured small
Mushroom body, wraps plastic foil after having adopted again, covers paper bacteria silk again, and general 7 days start former base occur again, can harvest 5 in this way
~6 damp mushrooms.
2. the greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cultivation matrix includes pressing below
The raw material of parts by weight meter：45 parts of corn flour, 22 parts of Soybean Meal, 15 parts of wheat stalk, 13 parts of cotton seed hulls, 1.2 parts of quick lime, mistake
1.4 parts of calcium phosphate, 0.15 part of urea, 1.3 parts of multi-vitamins, 4 parts of complex enzyme, 8 parts of yeast agent, 4 parts of agent of lactic acid bacteria, vinasse
12 parts.
3. the greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The processing method of the cultivation matrix
For：Each raw material is weighed by the parts by weight, by 150 after corn flour, Soybean Meal, wheat stalk and cotton seed hulls and wheat bran are crushed
The mixed-powder that~200 the polished standard screens are screened is given birth to by mixed-powder and quick lime, calcium superphosphate, urea, compound dimension
Plain part, complex enzyme, yeast agent, agent of lactic acid bacteria and vinasse are being uniformly mixed.
4. the greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include making in the step (5)
With persistently being cultivated under the conditions of the intensity of illumination of 500~600lux, oxygen volumetric concentration 24~28%, and every 2~3 days use oyster mushroom
Nutrient solution sprays a fungus block.
5. the greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The oyster mushroom nutrient solution is by following heavy
Amount part material is made：10~25 parts of humic acid, 15~20 parts of humic acid, 2~6 parts of feather extracting solution, selenium-rich green tea extracting solution 2~
5 parts, 0.5~1 part of aminoacid chelating microelement, 1~4 part of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 0.1~0.3 part of matrine, multiannensional-sine 0.1
~0.5 part, 1~1.5 part of negative ion powder, 1~3 part of EM bacterium leavening agents, 700~1000 parts of pure water.
6. the greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The oyster mushroom nutrient solution is by following heavy
Amount part material is made：15 parts of humic acid, 18 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of feather extracting solution, 3 parts of selenium-rich green tea extracting solution, chelating amino acids
0.8 part of trace element, 3 parts of Flos Lonicerae extractive solution, 0.2 part of matrine, 0.3 part of multiannensional-sine, 1.3 parts of negative ion powder, the fermentation of EM bacterium
2 parts of agent, 850 parts of pure water.
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| CN110622776A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Cultivation method for reducing heavy metal content of oyster mushrooms |
| CN111742782A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-09 | 徐立 | Black fungus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN113396775A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-17 | 茅台学院 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom by utilizing Maotai-flavor vinasse and formula for cultivating vinasse oyster mushroom |
| CN116491363A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-07-28 | 云南真诚农产品开发有限公司 | Oyster mushroom planting method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110622776A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Cultivation method for reducing heavy metal content of oyster mushrooms |
| CN113396775A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-17 | 茅台学院 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom by utilizing Maotai-flavor vinasse and formula for cultivating vinasse oyster mushroom |
| CN116491363A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-07-28 | 云南真诚农产品开发有限公司 | Oyster mushroom planting method |
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