CN106631362A - Culture medium utilizing needle mushroom residues and application of culture medium in hericium erinaceus cultivation - Google Patents
Culture medium utilizing needle mushroom residues and application of culture medium in hericium erinaceus cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106631362A CN106631362A CN201610966454.3A CN201610966454A CN106631362A CN 106631362 A CN106631362 A CN 106631362A CN 201610966454 A CN201610966454 A CN 201610966454A CN 106631362 A CN106631362 A CN 106631362A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culture medium utilizing needle mushroom residues and application of the culture medium in hericium erinaceus cultivation. The culture medium is prepared from a main material and a plant growth regulator, wherein the main material is prepared from, by weight, 40-60% of needle mushroom residues, 20-30% of corn stalk, 10-20% of wheat bran, 5-15% of corn flour, 0.5-1% of gypsum and 0.5-1% of lime, wherein pH is 5-6. The needle mushroom residues are utilized as a cultivation raw material to plant hericium erinaceus, and the culture medium is a beneficial way of turning waste into wealth. A proper amount of plant growth regulator is added into the hericium erinaceus cultivation material and promotes hypha or sporocarp growth, the hericium erinaceus quality and yield are improved, the blank that factorized needle mushroom residues cannot be utilized to produce wood-destroying fungi at home is filled, the contradiction between wood-destroying fungus development and forestry protection is effectively relieved, and industrial sustainable development is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical, edible bacteria cultivation field, specifically a kind of to cultivate hedgehog hydnum using batch production asparagus mushroom bran
The method of mushroom.
Background technology
With the continuous expansion of batch production golden mushroom plantation scale, waste mushroom leftover is also on the increase.At present, these are without place
The mushroom bran of reason is abandoned everywhere or burnt, and is not received rational application, and not only causes new environmental pollution, and to scale
Bring serious production hidden danger in producing region.In fact the ability for decomposing compost due to asparagus is weaker, batch production acupuncture needle in addition
Mushroom only harvests one damp, and mushroom bran is contained within the small molecule nutriments for having decomposed but not yet having utilized in a large number, causes the waste of resource.If
By these mushroom bran effectively utilizes, then cost can be substantially reduced, be increased economic efficiency.
Edible mushroom can be divided into the species such as domestomycetes and straw rotting fungus by nutritional mode.Straw rotting fungus is a class to absorb dogstail stalk
The edible mushroom that organic matter in (such as straw, wheat straw) rotten grass is originated as Major Nutrient, the main original needed for straw rotting fungus cultivation
Material is crop material, particularly the stalk of grass, during straw rotting fungus artificial cultivation, with straw and corncob etc. as main carbon
Source.In its whole growth and development process, required whole nutrition are therefrom obtained by its own decomposing organic matter.Therefore grass is rotten
The main raw material(s) of bacterium production is the waste material in excrement, grass and agricultural machining.Straw rotting fungus can decompose these agricultural wastes,
It is converted into the nutrient contents such as the mushroom body protein, fat, the carbohydrate that are available for people to eat.Common straw rotting fungus have White mushroom,
Coprinus comatus, flat mushroom, straw mushroom and pleurotus cornucopiae etc..Domestomycetes is mainly grown on withered vertical tree, downtree stake and disconnected branch, and they decompose fiber
The ability of plain, lignin is stronger, it is also possible to which wood chip carries out artificial cultivation as compost.Domestomycetes produces will based on hard wood chip
Raw material, so the consumption to resource is larger, if using excessive, easily producing harmful effect to ecological environment.
Hericium erinaceus (Hericium erinaceus) is also known as monkey bacterium, hedgehog bacterium, genus polyporus Zoopagales tooth bacterium section hedgehog hydnum category.It is a kind of
Food, the medicinal Rare edible fungus having both, its fructification and fermented hypha can be used as medicine.It not only contains abundant nutriment,
And have preferable curative effect to various disease of digestive tracts, especially tumor in digestive tract；The immunization machine of human body can be also improved simultaneously
Can, it is a kind of preferable health food.Hericium erinaceus is typical domestomycetes, and compost commonly uses wood chip, cotton seed hulls and wheat bran etc..From
Since 2008, wood chip, cotton seed hulls price continuous rise remove raw and auxiliary material and labour cost etc., and profit has declined.
What at present the country utilized the cultivation of batch production asparagus mushroom bran is all straw rotting fungus, such as coprinus comatus, White mushroom and major part
The edible mushroom (including flat mushroom, pleurotus cornucopiae, Pleurotus citrinopileatus etc.) of Pleurotus, does not cultivate domestomycetes, and main cause is exactly that yield is few, raw
Thing conversion ratio is relatively low.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem above, the present invention provides a kind of culture medium of utilization asparagus mushroom bran and its in cultivation Hericium erinaceus
In application.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of culture medium of utilization asparagus mushroom bran, described culture medium is by major ingredient
Constitute with plant growth regulator, described major ingredient is consisted of by weight percentage：Asparagus mushroom bran 40-60%, maize straw
20-30%, wheat bran 10-20%, corn flour 5-15%, gypsum 0.5-1%, lime 0.5-1%, pH 5-6.
Preferably, a kind of culture medium of above-mentioned utilization asparagus mushroom bran, described plant growth regulator is α-naphthalene second
Acid, triacontanol, gibberellin or heteroauxin.It is furthermore preferred that described plant growth regulator is triacontanol (TRIA).
A kind of culture medium of above-mentioned utilization asparagus mushroom bran, described asparagus mushroom bran is fresh asparagus mushroom bran, is shone
Li Jing≤0.5cm is crushed to after dry.
A kind of culture medium of above-mentioned utilization asparagus mushroom bran, described corn stalk powder is broken to a footpath≤0.1cm.
Using application of the culture medium of asparagus mushroom bran in cultivation Hericium erinaceus, method is as follows：
1) it is plant growth regulator is soluble in water, Plant growth regulator water solution is made into, it is standby；By above-mentioned proportioning
Standby major ingredient.Preferably, the concentration of described Plant growth regulator water solution is 0.1-1.5mg/L.
2) dispensing and pack：With Plant growth regulator water solution to asparagus mushroom bran, maize straw, wheat bran and corn flour
Prewetted, and mixed thoroughly；After 6h gypsum and lime be sprinkled into wherein again, Plant growth regulator water solution added while stirring,
It is well mixed, makes water content reach 60%～65%, obtains compost；Fed using Polypropylene Bag, obtain bacterium bag.
3) sterilize and be inoculated with：Bacterium bag is sterilized；When bacterium bag temperature is down to 28 DEG C, 4～5 are made a call to the side of bacterium bag is equidistant
Individual hole, aperture 1.5cm, hole depth 2cm, by hedgehog fungus bacterial access aperture, will post adhesive plaster at hole.Preferably, described sterilizing
For autoclaving or normal-pressure sterilization；Described autoclaving is, in high pressure 1.47 × 105Sterilize 1.5h at Pa, 128 DEG C of temperature；
Described normal-pressure sterilization is that sterilize 8～10h at normal pressure, 100 DEG C of temperature.
4) cultural hypha：Bacterium bag is put into into the indoor culture of culture, the layer frame for putting bacterium bag is built by culturing room, and the number of plies is in 5-7
Layer, per layer of first one layer of newspaper of pad, then bacterium bag is lain in layer frame posts the aperture of adhesive plaster and carries out culture down and send out a bacterium；Culture
Room requires relative humidity below 70%, well-ventilated, 22～23 DEG C, dark or have a weaker scattered light.
5) management of producing mushroom：When the mycelium on compost surface starts kink, and white projection is presented, newspaper is removed, torn
Used as fruiting mouth, fruiting mouth makes Hericium erinaceus inversely grow to adhesive plaster towards underground direction, and fruiting temperature is 15～25 DEG C, air phase
To humidity 85%～95%, 60～100lx of illumination.
6) harvest.Preferably, the standard of Hericium erinaceus harvesting is：Bacteria thorn has been stretched out, and within 0.5-1cm, fructification is hard
It is real, do not launch spore.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1. the present invention cultivates Hericium erinaceus using batch production asparagus mushroom bran, has widened Hericium erinaceus raw material channel, substantially reduces
Cost.
2. of the invention, it is appropriate in Hericium erinaceus compost to add plant growth regulator, promote mycelia or fructification life
It is long, Hericium erinaceus quality and yield is improve, the domestic blank that batch production asparagus mushroom bran can not be utilized to produce domestomycetes has been complemented,
Effectively solving domestomycetes is developed and the contradiction between Market Economy, realizes industry sustainable development.
3., because the ability of asparagus decomposition compost is weaker, in addition batch production asparagus only harvests damp a, compost
In nutrition can not make full use of, therefore the waste material directly discarded after needle mushroom fruiting, i.e. mushroom bran is a kind of the very big of biomass
Waste, from the point of view of Hericium erinaceus own situation, the ability that mycelia decomposes nutrition is stronger than asparagus, former as cultivation with asparagus mushroom bran
Material come to plant Hericium erinaceus be a kind of beneficial pathways turned waste into wealth, with significant social benefit.
4. the medium component of the present invention is readily obtained, and prepares convenient, and with low cost, actual operation is simple, it is easy to
Promote, it is adaptable to the large-scale production of Liaoning Province Hericium erinaceus.
5. of the invention, the environmental problem of batch production asparagus mushroom bran bulk deposition generation had both been solved, cultivation is solved again
Cost of material sustainable growth and the difficult problem of Hericium erinaceus culture high cost that causes.
Specific embodiment
The method that embodiment 1 cultivates Hericium erinaceus using asparagus mushroom bran
1. using the culture medium of asparagus mushroom bran：It is made up of major ingredient and triacontanol.
Described major ingredient, consists of by weight percentage：Asparagus mushroom bran 50%, maize straw 26%, wheat bran 15%, jade
Ground rice 8%, gypsum 0.5%, lime 0.5%, pH 5-6.
Asparagus mushroom bran in formula, from fresh batch production asparagus mushroom bran, forbids pollution, without insect, bacterium agllutination
It is real, bag film is taken off, Li Jing≤0.5cm is crushed to after drying.
Maize straw in formula is selected without going mouldy, and is crushed to particle diameter less than 0.1cm.
Triacontanol is soluble in water, the triacontanol aqueous solution that concentration is 1.0mg/L is made into, it is standby.
2. dispensing and pack：Asparagus mushroom bran, maize straw, wheat bran and corn flour are carried out with the triacontanol aqueous solution pre-
It is wet so as to have thorough grasp water, and mix thoroughly.After 6h gypsum and lime be sprinkled into wherein again, the triacontanol aqueous solution is added while stirring, stirred
Mix repeatedly so as to be well mixed, make water content reach 60%～65%, obtain compost；Using 12cm × 55cm × 0.04cm's
Polypropylene knuckle sacked material, charge level is pressed and scraped, and internal slightly pine, sack uses plastic ties tying, obtains bacterium bag.
3. sterilize and be inoculated with：By bacterium bag using high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization.Clean environment, drying are required during inoculation, and is carried out
Disinfect.When material temperature is down to 28 DEG C in bacterium bag, you can bacterium bag and Hericium erinaceus original seed are put into into inoculation interior, the one of bacterium bag
Side is equidistant to make a call to 4～5 holes, aperture 1.5cm, hole depth 2cm, during one spoonful of Hericium erinaceus original seed access aperture is taken from original seeds bottle, by hole
Adhesive plaster is posted at mouthful.
Described autoclaving is, in high pressure 1.47 × 105Sterilize 1.5h at Pa, 128 DEG C of temperature.
Described normal-pressure sterilization is that sterilize 8～10h at normal pressure, 100 DEG C of temperature.
4. cultural hypha：Bacterium bag is put into into the culture interior culture of strict sterilization, the layer frame for putting bacterium bag is built by culturing room,
In 5-7 layers, per layer of first one layer of newspaper of pad, then bacterium bag is kept flat (recumbency) in layer frame makes to post the aperture of adhesive plaster down to the number of plies
Carry out culture and send out bacterium；Culturing room requires relative humidity below 70%, well-ventilated, 22～23 DEG C, dark or have a weaker scattering
Light.
5. management of producing mushroom：When the mycelium on compost surface starts kink, and white projection is presented, i.e., send out into fructification
The raw stage.Newspaper is removed, used as fruiting mouth, fruiting mouth makes Hericium erinaceus inversely grow to adhesive plaster of tearing towards underground direction, fruiting temperature
Spend for 15～25 DEG C, relative air humidity 85%～95%, 60～100lx of illumination, induction former base is formed, keep mushroom house air new
Fresh, door and window hangs straw screen or mat, prevents wind blow-through.
6. harvest.Hericium erinaceus fruiting body will be harvested when ripe very likely.Standard is：When bacteria thorn has been stretched out, in 0.5-1cm
Within, fructification is solid, and it is Harvesting Date not launch before spore.Picking method：Charge level, edge are inserted with cutter from fructification edge
Charge level cut and under, remove impurity after, by specification classify.As a result such as table 1.
The method that embodiment 2 cultivates Hericium erinaceus using asparagus mushroom bran
1. using the culture medium of asparagus mushroom bran：It is made up of major ingredient and triacontanol.
Described major ingredient, consists of by weight percentage：Asparagus mushroom bran 60%, maize straw 23%, wheat bran 10%, jade
Ground rice 5%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, pH 5-6.
Asparagus mushroom bran in formula, from fresh batch production asparagus mushroom bran, forbids pollution, without insect, bacterium agllutination
It is real, bag film is taken off, Li Jing≤0.5cm is crushed to after drying.
Maize straw in formula is selected without going mouldy, and is crushed to particle diameter less than 0.1cm.
Triacontanol is soluble in water, the triacontanol aqueous solution that concentration is 1.0mg/L is made into, it is standby.
2. 2-6 steps, method is with embodiment 1.As a result such as table 1.
The method that embodiment 3 cultivates Hericium erinaceus using asparagus mushroom bran
The proportioning and cultural method of culture medium simply changes plant growth regulator in culture medium and is respectively with embodiment 1
NAA, gibberellin or heteroauxin.As a result such as table 1.
The reference examples of embodiment 4
1. culture medium：Culture medium is consisted of using culture medium conventional in prior art：Cotton seed hulls 80%, wheat bran 10%,
Corn flour 8%, gypsum 1%, lime 1%, pH5-6.
2. dispensing and pack：It is with water that cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, corn flour, gypsum and lime under agitation is multiple so as to which that mixing is equal
It is even, make water content reach 60%～65%, obtain compost；Using the polypropylene knuckle sacked material of 12cm × 55cm × 0.04cm,
Charge level is pressed and scraped, and internal slightly pine, sack uses plastic ties tying, obtains bacterium bag.
3. sterilize and be inoculated with：By bacterium bag using high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization.Clean environment, drying are required during inoculation, and is carried out
Disinfect.When material temperature is down to 28 DEG C in bacterium bag, you can bacterium bag and Hericium erinaceus original seed are put into into inoculation interior, the one of bacterium bag
Side is equidistant to make a call to 4～5 holes, aperture 1.5cm, hole depth 2cm, during one spoonful of Hericium erinaceus original seed access aperture is taken from original seeds bottle, by hole
Place posts adhesive plaster.
Described autoclaving is, in high pressure 1.47 × 105Sterilize 1.5h at Pa, 128 DEG C of temperature.
Described normal-pressure sterilization is that sterilize 8～10h at normal pressure, 100 DEG C of temperature
4. cultural hypha：Bacterium bag is put into into the culture interior culture of strict sterilization, the layer frame for putting bacterium bag is built by culturing room,
The number of plies in 5-7 layers, per layer of first one layer of newspaper of pad, then bacterium bag is kept flat (recumbency) in layer frame, the aperture for posting adhesive plaster is entered down
Bacterium is sent out in row culture；Culturing room requires relative humidity below 70%, well-ventilated, 22～23 DEG C, dark or have a weaker scattered light.
5. management of producing mushroom：When the mycelium on compost surface starts kink, and white projection is presented, i.e., send out into fructification
The raw stage.Newspaper is removed, used as fruiting mouth, fruiting mouth makes Hericium erinaceus inversely grow to adhesive plaster of tearing towards underground direction, fruiting temperature
Spend for 15～25 DEG C, relative air humidity 85%～95%, 60～100lx of illumination, induction former base is formed, keep mushroom house air new
Fresh, door and window hangs straw screen or mat, prevents wind blow-through.
6. harvest.Hericium erinaceus fruiting body will be harvested when ripe very likely.Standard is：When bacteria thorn has been stretched out, in 0.5-1cm
Within, fructification is solid, and it is Harvesting Date not launch before spore.Picking method：Charge level, edge are inserted with cutter from fructification edge
Charge level cut and under, remove impurity after, by specification classify.As a result such as table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, in the embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of addition triacontanol, although major ingredient proportioning is not
Together, but its collecting time is significantly shorter than addition other three plant growth regulators and control；Biological transformation ratio can reach
More than 110%, higher than other three plant growth regulators and control 20%；From the point of view of the Analysis of Nutritive Composition of fructification, egg
White matter, cellulose, the content of vitamin E are all highests, and fat content is minimum, is real high protein, low fat
Fat food.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of culture medium of utilization asparagus mushroom bran, it is characterised in that described culture medium is by major ingredient and plant growth regulating
Agent is constituted, and described major ingredient is consisted of by weight percentage：Asparagus mushroom bran 40-60%, maize straw 20-30%, wheat bran 10-
20%th, corn flour 5-15%, gypsum 0.5-1%, lime 0.5-1%, pH 5-6.
2. a kind of culture medium of utilization asparagus mushroom bran according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plant growth
Conditioning agent is NAA, triacontanol, gibberellin or heteroauxin.
3. a kind of culture medium of utilization asparagus mushroom bran according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described plant growth
Conditioning agent is triacontanol.
4. according to a kind of culture medium of the arbitrary described utilization asparagus mushroom bran of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described gold
Pin mushroom chaff is fresh asparagus mushroom bran, and a footpath≤0.5cm is crushed to after drying.
5. according to a kind of culture medium of the arbitrary described utilization asparagus mushroom bran of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described jade
Rice crushed stalk is to Li Jing≤0.1cm.
6. application of the culture medium of the arbitrary described utilization asparagus mushroom bran of claim 1-3 in cultivation Hericium erinaceus.
7. application according to claim 6, it is characterised in that method is as follows：
1) it is plant growth regulator is soluble in water, Plant growth regulator water solution is made into, it is standby；Appoint by claim 1-3
Proportioning described in one is for major ingredient；
2) dispensing and pack：Asparagus mushroom bran, maize straw, wheat bran and corn flour are carried out with Plant growth regulator water solution
Prewet, and mix thoroughly；After 6h gypsum and lime be sprinkled into wherein again, Plant growth regulator water solution is added while stirring, mixed
Uniformly, make water content reach 60%～65%, obtain compost；Fed using Polypropylene Bag, obtain bacterium bag；
3) sterilize and be inoculated with：Bacterium bag is sterilized；When bacterium bag temperature is down to 28 DEG C, 4～5 are made a call to the side of bacterium bag is equidistant
Hole, aperture 1.5cm, hole depth 2cm, by hedgehog fungus bacterial access aperture, will post adhesive plaster at aperture；
4) cultural hypha：Bacterium bag is put into into the indoor culture of culture, the layer frame for putting bacterium bag is built by culturing room, the number of plies in 5-7 layers, often
First one layer of newspaper of pad of layer, then bacterium bag is lain in layer frame, posts the aperture of adhesive plaster and carries out culture down and send out a bacterium；Culturing room requires
Below relative humidity 70%, well-ventilated is 22～23 DEG C, dark or have a weaker scattered light；
5) management of producing mushroom：When the mycelium on compost surface starts kink, and white projection is presented, newspaper is removed, adhesive plaster of tearing
Used as fruiting mouth, fruiting mouth makes Hericium erinaceus inversely grow towards underground direction, and fruiting temperature is 15～25 DEG C, and air is relatively wet
Degree 85%～95%, 60～100lx of illumination；
6) harvest.
8. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the concentration of described Plant growth regulator water solution is
0.1-1.5mg/L。
9. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step 3) in, described sterilizing is autoclaving or normal pressure
Sterilizing；Described autoclaving is, in high pressure 1.47 × 105Sterilize 1.5h at Pa, 128 DEG C of temperature；Described normal-pressure sterilization is,
Sterilize 8～10h at normal pressure, 100 DEG C of temperature.
10. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described step 6) in, the standard of Hericium erinaceus harvesting is：
Bacteria thorn has been stretched out, and within 0.5-1cm, fructification is solid, does not launch spore.
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| CN109122028A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽神州生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of planting technique of Hericium erinaceus |
| CN110574632A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-17 | 丁志强 | Novel ganoderma lucidum mushroom planting method |
| CN110637675A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 富川生物科技(江苏)有限公司 | Efficient production method of needle mushrooms |
| CN112931050A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 福贡九源农业发展有限责任公司 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109122028A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽神州生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of planting technique of Hericium erinaceus |
| CN110637675A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-03 | 富川生物科技(江苏)有限公司 | Efficient production method of needle mushrooms |
| CN110574632A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-17 | 丁志强 | Novel ganoderma lucidum mushroom planting method |
| CN112931050A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 福贡九源农业发展有限责任公司 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |