CN105294351A - Edible fungus bed cultivation method - Google Patents
Edible fungus bed cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105294351A CN105294351A CN201510838262.XA CN201510838262A CN105294351A CN 105294351 A CN105294351 A CN 105294351A CN 201510838262 A CN201510838262 A CN 201510838262A CN 105294351 A CN105294351 A CN 105294351A
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Abstract
The invention provides an edible fungus bed cultivation method which comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of a cultivation material; (2) spawn running of an edible fungus; (3), building of a fungus bed; (4) planting of the edible fungus; (5) cultivation management; (6) harvesting of the edible fungus. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention takes such measures as the adoption of high-quality raw materials and the optimal formula and the improvement in the conventional cultivation method, so as to further improve the yield and the quality of the edible fungus, shorten the edible fungus cultivation period by 20% or above, and improve the edible fungus fruiting rate by 30% or above; meanwhile, through the bed cultivation, the space utilization ratio is improved, and the purposes of improving the yield and the income, and reducing the production cost are fulfilled. Therefore, the method is an edible fungus cultivation method being simple in process, low in cost and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
Cultivating method planted by the bed that the present invention relates to a kind of edible mushrooms, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Edible mushrooms refers to that sporophore is very large, gill fungus bacterium (macro fungi) that can be edible, is commonly referred to as mushroom.The known edible mushrooms of China has kind more than 350, wherein belongs to Basidiomycotina more, common are: mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake (matsutake), dried mushroom, russule, glossy ganoderma, Chinese caterpillar fungus, truffle, lark and bolete etc.; Minority belongs to Ascomycotina, Qi Zhongyou: morel, saddle fungus, ferfas etc.
Edible mushrooms is not only delicious, and nutritious, is often called heath food by people.The protein content of mushroom class is generally fresh mushroom 1.5-6%, dry mushroom 15-35%, and higher than general vegetables, and its amino acid ratio of components is comparatively comprehensive, and most mushroom class contains eight seed amino acids of needed by human, and wherein in mushroom, straw mushroom, needle mushroom, lysine content enriches.And mushroom class contains multivitamin and the multiple mineral element with physiologically active, as VB1, VB12, Vc, Vk, VD and phosphorus, sodium, potassium, calcium, iron and many trace elements, the deficiency in other food can be supplemented.Edible mushrooms also has good pharmaceutical use simultaneously.In edible mushrooms containing biologically active substance as: macromolecule polysaccharide, β-glucose and RNA complex body, natural organic germanium, nucleic acid degradation product, cAMP and triterpene compound etc. to safeguarding that HUMAN HEALTH has important utility value, now often by businessman with its for raw material production prepare protective foods, nourishing drink, wine and medicine in a large number for medicinal and input health-product market.
The mode of edible fungus culturing is varied.Divide by culture material, have segment wood cultivated and substituting stuff cultivation; Divide by planting type, have ridge cultivation, bed to plant and case cultivation; Divide by cultivation place, have indoor cultivation, outdoor planting etc.Segment wood cultivated fewer and feweri, reason is because destroy forest tree resource.The substituting stuff cultivation of edible mushrooms comprises cultivation in raw material, grog cultivation and fermentation material cultivation.Cultivation in raw material refers to according to the method being directly used in edible fungus culturing after culture material poach of filling a prescription; Grog cultivation refers to according to the method inoculating culturing edible fungus after culture material poach, pack, sterilizing of filling a prescription; Fermentation material cultivation refer to by after culture material poach through fermentation with kill harmful miscellaneous bacteria and worm's ovum, and culture material is become thoroughly decomposed, then for the method for edible fungus culturing.The material such as cotton seed hulls for cultivation in raw material must be fresh, and do not lump, do not go mouldy, temperature is below 15 DEG C.Material for grog and fermentation material cultivation need not be fresh, high temperature, low temperature season.Flat mushroom can use cultivation in raw material; The available fermentation material cultivation such as Twospore Mushroom, Coprinus comatus, Brazilian mushroom, Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing; Glossy ganoderma, mushroom, needle mushroom etc. are cultivated with grog.The Conver-table such as Twospore Mushroom, Brazilian mushroom is planted, and the multiplex bag of other edible mushroomss is planted.
Cultivation matrix is the place of the various nutritive substances that edible mushrooms depends on for existence.When using kind identical with growing environment condition, use different, difference of filling a prescription, matrix the processing mode of matrix different, the difference all to some extent such as output, quality, local flavor of edible mushrooms.
Summary of the invention
The bed of a kind of edible mushrooms is the object of the present invention is to provide to plant cultivating method.
Concrete, cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: the mixing of the component of following parts by weight is prepared cultivation material: hardwood sawdust 8-15 part, wheat bran 3-8 part, rice bran 3-8 part, cotton seed hulls 3-8 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 1-3 part, Semen Maydis powder 1-3 part, calcium superphosphate 0.1-0.5 part, magnesium sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, zinc sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, ferric sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, borax or boric acid 0.01-0.05 part and organic fermentation material 5-10 part; Described organic fermentation material be with feces of livestock and poultry, silkworm excrement, natural pond slag, agricultural crop straw for fermentation raw material, then add fermenting agent, stacking, through spontaneous fermentation 10-15 days preparation and obtain; Described fermenting agent is the Rw organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum that Hebi City Ren Yuan biotech development company limited develops;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, carries out inoculation and send out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 90-110cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 25-30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 60-70cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 80-100cm, the high cultivating soil for 8-15cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1-1.5h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1-2 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, each raw material weight number ratio of described fermentation raw material is: feces of livestock and poultry 2-4 part, silkworm excrement 0.5-1.5 part, natural pond slag 0.5-1.5 part, agricultural crop straw 1-3 part.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, described agricultural crop straw is comprise the one or more than one mixture in maize straw, rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton seed hulls, sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip, and length is 1-3 centimetre.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, You machine matter Han Liang≤30% of described organic fermentation material.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, described edible mushrooms comprises mushroom, bisporous mushroom, needle mushroom, Coprinus comatus, flat mushroom, Agaricus blazei, Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers..
Deciduous tree refers generally to the trees of dicotyledoneae, and have flat, broader blade, vein reticulates, and leaf is evergreen or fall leaves, and general blade face is broad, the leaf perennial woody plant having various shape with seeds difference.What have is evergreen, and fallen leaves class comes off mostly on autumn and winter season Ye Congzhi.The forest be made up of deciduous tree, is called broad-leaf forest.The economic worth of deciduous tree is large, and be much important commerical tree species, wherein some is famous and precious timber, as camphor tree, nanmu etc.Various fruit is all deciduous tree.Deciduous tree is of a great variety, is referred to as hardwood.Hardwood sawdust is wooden softer comparatively speaking, contributes to decomposition and the absorption of mycelia.
The peat composed of rotten mosses has another name called " peat ", is the product in formation process of bog, by the residual body of marsh plant, under the anaerobic condition of many water, can not decompose accumulation completely and form.Containing large quantity of moisture with not by the plant residue, soil ulmin and a part of mineral substance that thoroughly decompose, it is the organic substance of pure natural, also be a kind of green matter of aseptic, nontoxic, nuisanceless, pollution-free, noresidue, there is the effect of improvement soil, be widely used in composting industry.
Silkworm excrement is the solid manure of silkworm worm discharge in sericulture process, containing the nutritive substances such as abundant sugar, protein and mineral element and a small amount of plant growth triumph conditioning agent.If silkworm excrement is directly emitted without process can cause the pollution of environment, according to biofermentation technique, biological organic fertilizer can be prepared by crop fermentation raw material, grow fat as treasured.
In the fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry, silkworm excrement, natural pond slag, agricultural crop straw the like waste material recycling, fermenting agent is most important, decides the efficiency of fermentation and the quality of leavened prod.The fermenting agent that the present invention selects is high-tech microniological proudcts--the Rw organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum developed by Hebi City Ren Yuan biotech development company limited, this microbial inoculum is by multiple bacterial strains such as bacterium, actinomycetes, thread fungus, yeast and relevant enzymes is composite forms, aerobic fermentation, decomposition of cellulose, decomposing protein are very competent, can reach rapidly intensification, deodorizing, effect except disease and pest, weed seed and enrichment nutrient simultaneously.This technical target of the product meets QB/T003-2005, during use, the Rw organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum of 1 part of weight is mixed with the rice chaff of 8 parts of weight or Semen Maydis powder, then evenly mix in fermentation materials, the highest per kilogram Rw organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum can process fermentation materials 8 tons.Company and product information are understood by network address http://www.renyuanshengwu.com/index.html.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by adopting the raw material of high-quality and best formula and to measures such as the improvement of cultivating method, further increase the seed output and quality of edible mushrooms, shorten the edible fungus culturing cycle more than 20%, improve edible mushroom rate more than 30%, adopt bed to carry plantation edible mushrooms simultaneously and improve space availability ratio, reach increasing both production and income, reduce the object of production cost, be that a kind of technique is simple, cost is low, be easy to the cultivating method for edible fungi of popularization.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, the present embodiment is only do clearer explanation to the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all drop within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: cow dung 3 parts, silkworm excrement 1 part, natural pond slag 1 part, agricultural crop straw 2 parts, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 2 centimetres, mix, obtain fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 55%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 20:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:4000, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 12 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 12 parts, 5 parts, wheat bran, 5 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 5 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 2 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2 parts, calcium superphosphate 0.3 part, 0.03 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.03 part, zinc sulfate, 0.03 part, ferric sulfate, borax 0.03 part and organic fermentation material 8 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (mushroom) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 100cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 65cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 90cm, the high cultivating soil for 12cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 23-26 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-85%, and every day carries out ventilation 1h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Embodiment 2
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: chicken manure 2 parts, silkworm excrement 1.5 parts, natural pond slag 1.2 parts, agricultural crop straw 3 parts, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 3 centimetres, mix, fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 60%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 30:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:8000, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 15 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 8 parts, 8 parts, wheat bran, 8 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 3 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 1 part, Semen Maydis powder 3 parts, calcium superphosphate 0.5 part, 0.01 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.05 part, zinc sulfate, 0.05 part, ferric sulfate, boric acid 0.01 part and organic fermentation material 5 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (bisporous mushroom) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 90cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 25cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 60cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 80cm, the high cultivating soil for 8cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1.5h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Embodiment 3
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: pig manure 4 parts, silkworm excrement 0.5 part, natural pond slag 0.5 part, agricultural crop straw 1 part, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 1 centimetre, mix, fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 55%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 25:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:5000, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 12 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 15 parts, 3 parts, wheat bran, 3 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 8 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3 parts, Semen Maydis powder 1 part, calcium superphosphate 0.1 part, 0.05 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.01 part, zinc sulfate, 0.01 part, ferric sulfate, borax 0.05 part and organic fermentation material 10 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (needle mushroom) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 110cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 70cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 100cm, the high cultivating soil for 15cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 2 times;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Embodiment 4
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: chicken manure 3 parts, silkworm excrement 1 part, natural pond slag 1 part, agricultural crop straw 2 parts, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 2 centimetres, mix, obtain fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 45%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 22:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:3000, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 10 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 10 parts, 6 parts, wheat bran, 4 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 6 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 1.5 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2.5 parts, calcium superphosphate 0.2 part, 0.03 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.03 part, zinc sulfate, 0.03 part, ferric sulfate, boric acid 0.03 part and organic fermentation material 8 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (Coprinus comatus) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 100cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 65cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 90cm, the high cultivating soil for 10cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 22-26 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-85%, and every day carries out ventilation 1.5h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Embodiment 5
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: cow dung 4 parts, silkworm excrement 0.5 part, natural pond slag 0.5 part, agricultural crop straw 3 parts, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 1 centimetre, mix, fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 50%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 25:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:6000, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 10 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 12 parts, 4 parts, wheat bran, 6 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 4 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2 parts, calcium superphosphate 0.4 part, 0.04 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.05 part, zinc sulfate, 0.05 part, ferric sulfate, borax 0.03 part and organic fermentation material 8 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (Agaricus blazei) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 110cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 70cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 100cm, the high cultivating soil for 15cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 2 times;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Embodiment 6
Cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: 1) take fermentation raw material by following ratio of weight and number: cow dung 2 parts, silkworm excrement 1.5 parts, natural pond slag 1.5 parts, agricultural crop straw 2 parts, agricultural crop straw hand hay cutter is as short as 2 centimetres, mix, fermentation materials, control fermentation materials water content 55%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is at 20:1; 2) by weight fermenting agent: fermenting agent evenly mixes in fermentation materials by fermentation materials=1:4500, stacking, carries out the spontaneous fermentation of 15 days; After fermentation materials becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out sterilizing, pulverize, sieve, then dehydrate to containing water amount≤10%, machine matter must be had containing organic fermentation material of amount≤30%; 3) feed composition is taken by following ratio of weight and number: hardwood sawdust 10 parts, 6 parts, wheat bran, 6 parts, rice bran, cotton seed hulls 4 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 1.5 parts, Semen Maydis powder 2.5 parts, calcium superphosphate 0.4 part, 0.03 part, magnesium sulfate, 0.03 part, zinc sulfate, 0.02 part, ferric sulfate, boric acid 0.02 part and organic fermentation material 6 parts, mix, obtain cultivating material;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, accesses edible mushrooms (Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers.) bacterial classification and carry out sending out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 90cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 25cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 60cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 80cm, the high cultivating soil for 10cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1.5h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
Claims (5)
1. a cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of material is cultivated: the mixing of the component of following parts by weight is prepared cultivation material: hardwood sawdust 8-15 part, wheat bran 3-8 part, rice bran 3-8 part, cotton seed hulls 3-8 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 1-3 part, Semen Maydis powder 1-3 part, calcium superphosphate 0.1-0.5 part, magnesium sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, zinc sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, ferric sulfate 0.01-0.05 part, borax or boric acid 0.01-0.05 part and organic fermentation material 5-10 part; Described organic fermentation material be with feces of livestock and poultry, silkworm excrement, natural pond slag, agricultural crop straw for fermentation raw material, then add fermenting agent, stacking, through spontaneous fermentation 10-15 days preparation and obtain; Described fermenting agent is the Rw organic fertilizer fermentation microbial inoculum that Hebi City Ren Yuan biotech development company limited develops;
(2) edible mushrooms sends out bacterium: will cultivate material and load in plastics bag, and carry out sterilizing, then takes out and moves into inoculation room, carries out inoculation and send out bacterium after cultivation material is cooled to 25 DEG C;
(3) bacterium bed is built: build the bedstead that width is 90-110cm, and bedstead lowest layer frame overhead high 25-30cm, upwards establishes one deck frame every 60cm, establish the aisle of wide 60-70cm between bedstead and bedstead; Every one deck frame being covered with wide is 80-100cm, the high cultivating soil for 8-15cm, on cultivating soil, then spreads unslaked lime consume;
(4) edible mushrooms plantation: the bacterium rod sending out bacterium good is crossed out 1/3 plastics bag, plants in cultivating soil;
(5) cultivation management: carry out lucifuge management after plantation, control bacterium temperature of shed is 20-28 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is 75-90%, and every day carries out ventilation 1-1.5h, adopts weekly the liming of 5% to carry out disease and pest spray disinfectant 1-2 time;
(6) edible mushroom collection: grow to after collection period until edible mushrooms and gather in time.
2. cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, each raw material weight number ratio of described fermentation raw material is: feces of livestock and poultry 2-4 part, silkworm excrement 0.5-1.5 part, natural pond slag 0.5-1.5 part, agricultural crop straw 1-3 part.
3. cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw is comprise the one or more than one mixture in maize straw, rice straw, wheat stalk, cotton seed hulls, sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip, and length is 1-3 centimetre.
4. cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, You machine matter Han Liang≤30% of described organic fermentation material.
5. cultivating method planted by the bed of edible mushrooms according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, described edible mushrooms comprises mushroom, bisporous mushroom, needle mushroom, Coprinus comatus, flat mushroom, Agaricus blazei, Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers..
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| CN106242687A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-12-21 | 邱文娟 | A kind of method for cultivating mushroom |
| CN106747797A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 上海市农业科学院 | The method and its culture material formula of rice straw factory culture agaricus bisporus |
| CN107047067A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-18 | 贵州鸿霖农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of edible mushroom |
| WO2018049684A1 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-22 | 王亮 | Cultivation substrate and cultivation method for flammulina velutipes |
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