CN110073900B - Flammulina velutipes culture medium containing chicken feather degradation product and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flammulina velutipes culture medium containing chicken feather degradation product and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus production, and discloses a needle mushroom culture medium containing chicken feather degradation products, and a preparation method and application thereof. Aims to synthesize ergothioneine with strong oxidation resistance by utilizing the efficient biosynthesis of the flammulina velutipes. The needle mushroom culture medium comprises the following components: 28.5 to 51.5 percent of miscellaneous wood chips, 5 to 30 percent of chicken feather degradation products, 10 to 20 percent of cottonseed hulls, 10 to 20 percent of corncobs, 4 to 8 percent of wheat, 1 to 5 percent of beanstalks, 2 to 12 percent of rice bran, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of lime, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of gypsum and 1 to 5 percent of soybean hulls. The treatment conditions of the chicken feather degradation product are as follows: 70-90% of chicken feather powder, 5-12h of illumination, 5-15d of reaction time, 5.0-6.0 of reaction pH and 10-30% of strain amount. The bacterial species is one or more of bacillus. The chicken feather powder is obtained by processing the chicken feather through steam, weak base, drying, crushing and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus production, and particularly relates to a needle mushroom culture medium containing chicken feather degradation products, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Golden mushroom: flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing.is classified as a plant belonging to the phylum Eumycota, the class Basidiomycetes, the order Agaricales, the family Tricholomataceae, the genus Pleurotus. Flammulina velutipes has high edible and medicinal values, the flammulina velutipes is rich in flammulina velutipes essence (also called as "flammulina velutipes essence", Flammulin ", a basic protein), flammulina velutipes immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve), flammulina velutipes polysaccharide and the like, has a good anticancer effect, nucleotides in the flammulina velutipes, such as 5 ' -GMP, 5 ' -AMP, 5 ' -UMP and the like, has a cholesterol-reducing effect, and the flammulina velutipes contains phenols, ergothioneine and polysaccharide and has a good antioxidant activity, wherein the ergothioneine is more and more concerned with functions of high-efficiency antioxidation, free radical elimination, metal ion chelation, ultraviolet radiation resistance, fresh-keeping and color protection, and the like, and gradually becomes a research hotspot. Ergothioneine is distributed in certain tissues, organs of mammals, mainly in erythrocytes (about 1-2mmol/L) and in the semen of certain animals. Ergothioneine has a very low content in most organisms, but is rich in certain mushroom varieties, black beans, red meat, livers, kidneys and grains, and particularly rich in flammulina velutipes. The research of the inventor shows that the content of the ergothioneine in the dried flammulina velutipes fruiting body (3.213 +/-0.624 g/kg) is the organism which is found to contain the most ergothioneine at present. Therefore, the flammulina velutipes is the most suitable material for biosynthesis of ergothioneine at present.
On 13.7.2017, regulation No. (EU)2017/1281 was issued by the european commission, and L-ergothioneine (L-ergothionine) was licensed as a new food ingredient to market according to regulation No. 258/97 of the european parliament and council (EC), and named L-ergothioneine. Ergothioneine is an effective natural antioxidant, and the antioxidant capacity of the ergothioneine is equivalent to that of the conventional antioxidants, namely glutathione, vitamin C and the like. The oxidation resistance of ergothioneine in vitro is mainly embodied in that the ergothioneine can be combined with free electrons of hydroxyl free radical, hypochlorous acid, singlet oxygen, peroxynitrite and the like in tissues; compared with antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamin C and the like, the ergothioneine can more effectively prevent the nitration of tyrosine and the passivation of alpha-1-antitrypsin; ergothioneine also protects DNA from damage and arachidonic acid peroxidation caused by hydrogen peroxide and a mixture of hydrogen peroxide heme proteins; ergothioneine is also used to maintain color stability of fish and livestock meat because it prevents the reaction of hemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide and discoloration of meat is caused by the reaction between myoglobin and lipid peroxidation. The methods for extracting, preparing and synthesizing ergothioneine mainly comprise chemical methods, such as the methods disclosed as CN107848984A, CN107108520A and CN102686568A, the synthetic methods all relate to substrates of chemical reaction, such as betaine, histidine, cysteine and the like, related technologies are not mature so far, the cost of raw materials required by synthesis is high, and no ergothioneine sold in the market at present is a product from chemical synthesis. The ergothioneine is biosynthesized by using fungi, such as patents with publication numbers of CN106831596A, CN106831597A, CN103734022A and CN102978121A, which not only need to add substrates such as betaine, histidine and cysteine, but report that the content of the ergothioneine is not improved in a breakthrough manner, and the efficiency of extracting the ergothioneine from the liquid submerged fermentation flammulina velutipes mycelium is not greatly different from that of the inventor which does not add substrates such as betaine, histidine and cysteine. In addition, the patent uses methods of in vitro enzymatic transformation or metabolic engineering (CN104854245A), transgenosis (CN107250347A) and the like to produce ergothioneine, but the method is only in the concept stage and cannot be industrialized at present. Therefore, substrates such as betaine, histidine, cysteine and the like have important significance for chemical synthesis or biosynthesis of ergothioneine.
The high content of cystine is mainly keratin (containing cystine 14-15%), and keratin contains high content of nitrogen (21-24.5%). The protein in the feather of poultry mainly comprises keratin, the content of which exceeds 80 percent, the feather protein is insoluble protein, the amino acid composition of the feather protein is stable, more than 20 amino acids such as cystine and the like are combined together by peptide bond, and the feather protein has higher content of essential amino acids of other animals except lysine and methionine. China is rich in feather resources, the yield of feathers is the first country, and at present, the feathers are produced millions of tons every year, and the quantity is huge. Some feathers in poultry are used for producing feather products, leftover feather stalks are simply processed to prepare feather powder which is added into feed to improve the content of crude protein in the feed, but due to the technology and cost, the yield of the feather powder is very low, most of the feathers are not fully utilized, so that resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted. Therefore, the chicken feather keratin can be utilized at low cost to provide a large amount of substrates such as histidine, cysteine and the like for the biosynthesis of ergothioneine by the flammulina velutipes.
However, the chicken feather keratin has a stable structure, and keratin is not dissolved under common conditions, and even protease of animal origin such as casein, pepsin and trypsin can not degrade keratin. Many microorganisms in nature can utilize self-secreted keratinase to decompose keratin for use as a carbon source and a nitrogen source required for growth. Bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive rod-shaped well-maintained bacterium widely distributed in various living environments, can generate endospores, has strong heat resistance and stress resistance, is ubiquitous on the surfaces of soil and plants, is a common endophyte in plant bodies, is nontoxic and harmless to people and livestock, and does not pollute the environment. The bacillus subtilis has the advantages of high growth speed, simple nutritional requirement, easy survival, colonization and reproduction, no pathogenicity, and capability of producing more than ten enzymes such as protease, alpha-amylase, cellulase, beta-glucanase, phytase, pectinase, xylanase and the like. Therefore, the enzymes of the bacillus subtilis have the characteristic of degrading chicken feather keratin well. In view of the above, the method provided by the invention utilizes the characteristics of microorganisms, designs a proper fermentation process to degrade feather keratin, uses the degraded substrate as a component of the ergothioneine biosynthesis of flammulina velutipes, fully utilizes keratin resources and has great economic and social values for the current situation that a large amount of soybean and feed protein resources need to be imported in China and are extremely lack.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a golden mushroom culture medium containing a chicken feather degradation product, which can promote the golden mushroom to biosynthesize a functional component ergothioneine.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the flammulina velutipes culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product.
The invention also aims to provide application of the golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product.
The method utilizes the low-cost microorganisms such as bacillus subtilis and the like to degrade the waste chicken feathers containing substrates such as histidine, cysteine and the like required by the ergothioneine biosynthesis, and the chicken feathers are used as the culture medium of the edible fungus flammulina velutipes most suitable for the ergothioneine biosynthesis, so that the flammulina velutipes rich in the ergothioneine and high in oxidation resistance are cultured.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a needle mushroom culture medium containing chicken feather degradation products comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28.5 to 51.5 percent of miscellaneous wood chips, 5 to 30 percent of chicken feather degradation products, 10 to 20 percent of cottonseed hulls, 10 to 20 percent of corncobs, 4 to 8 percent of wheat, 1 to 5 percent of beanstalks, 2 to 12 percent of rice bran, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of lime, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of gypsum and 1 to 5 percent of soybean hulls.
The chicken feather degradation product is prepared by the following method:
(1) collecting chicken feather, canning, sealing, introducing steam, adjusting pressure to 1.0-3.0MPa, treating for 0.5-3.0min, exhausting, turning over while spraying 0.05-0.5% potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution, centrifuging, recovering potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, oven drying, sorting, and pulverizing to obtain chicken feather powder;
(2) activating the strains in a slant culture medium, and selecting the activated strains to be placed in a shake flask for liquid culture amplification to obtain a bacillus liquid; the strain is more than one of thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), pseudobacillus pseudodurans (Bacillus pseudobacterius), alkalophilic Bacillus (Bacillus pseudobacterius), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) and Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus);
the slant culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0gNaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO310-18.0g agar and 1.0L distilled water, mixing the above components, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;
the liquid culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5gMgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0g NaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO3And 1.0L of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min.
(3) Adding chicken feather powder into the bacillus liquid, uniformly mixing, controlling the mass percentages of the chicken feather powder and the bacterial liquid to be 70-90% and 10-30%, controlling the pH to be 5.0-6.0, illuminating for 5-12h every day, and reacting for 5-15d to obtain the chicken feather degradation product.
The preparation method of the flammulina velutipes culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation products comprises the following operation steps: uniformly mixing the mixed wood chips, the chicken feather degradation products, the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat, the beanstalk, the rice bran, the lime, the gypsum and the soybean hulls to obtain the needle mushroom culture medium.
The application of the flammulina velutipes culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product in the production of the flammulina velutipes with high ergothioneine content.
The application comprises the following steps: bagging a golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product, sterilizing, and then sequentially carrying out inoculation of golden mushroom strains, fungus treatment, fungus scratching, mushroom fruiting management, harvesting, fungus cultivation, fungus scratching and repeated mushroom fruiting management.
The yield of the ergothioneine produced by the high-content ergothioneine needle mushroom is more than 0.6 percent of the mass fraction.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the implementation mode of the invention utilizes the characteristics of high protein of poultry feather which is the waste of livestock and poultry, wherein the content of the poultry feather protein exceeds 80 percent, the chicken feather protein resource is very rich, the chicken feather protein is insoluble protein, the composition of amino acid is stable, more than 20 amino acids such as cystine and the like are mainly combined together by peptide bond action, the content of cysteine residue of alpha-keratin is higher, and the beta-keratin is rich in alanine, serine and small side chain residue of glycine.
(2) The embodiment of the invention adopts a steam high-temperature high-pressure mode to partially degrade the feather protein of the poultry, the degradation products mainly comprise amino acids such as cysteine, glutamic acid, methionine, histidine and the like, and the content of the cysteine is used as a main parameter for parameter optimization.
(3) The embodiment of the invention aims to improve the formula of the flammulina velutipes culture medium for improving the characteristic of the ergothioneine which is a functional component synthesized by the flammulina velutipes. The flammulina velutipes has stronger capability of biosynthesizing ergothioneine, and is an organism with the highest content of the ergothioneine found at present. However, the inventor researches and discovers that a common needle mushroom culture medium mainly comprises sawdust, cottonseed hulls, corncobs, wheat, beanstalks, rice bran, lime, gypsum, soybean hulls and the like, wherein the protein content is only 9%, and the contents of main substrates for the needle mushroom to biosynthesize ergothioneine, such as amino acid and other components, are far from sufficient, so that the protein content in the needle mushroom culture medium is improved, namely the content of the substrate raw materials for the needle mushroom to biosynthesize the ergothioneine is improved, and the capability of the needle mushroom to biosynthesize the ergothioneine is improved.
(4) The embodiment of the invention utilizes high-temperature high-pressure steam treatment and microorganism to degrade feather protein of poultry waste. The feather resources of poultry are abundant, the protein content is over 80 percent, and the feather is rich in cysteine and other amino acids needed by biosynthesis of ergothioneine, but the chicken feather protein is a scleroprotein which is not easily utilized by other organisms.
(5) According to the method, the chicken feather is treated at a proper high temperature and a proper high pressure, so that the cost can be reduced, and an optimal substrate for the biosynthesis of ergothioneine by the edible fungi and the needle mushrooms can be provided. At present, the chicken feather protein degradation technology adopts a non-targeted degradation mode, but completely degrades the chicken feather protein, completely destroys disulfide bonds in the chicken feather protein, and simultaneously completely destroys substrate cysteine and the like required by synthesis of ergothioneine. The invention provides an optimized condition for biosynthesis of ergothioneine by fermentation of edible fungus flammulina velutipes by using cysteine as a main parameter and designing a technology for properly controlling high-temperature high-pressure steam to degrade the chicken feather protein.
(6) According to the embodiment of the invention, the disulfide bonds with very firm stereochemical structures of the chicken feather keratin are destroyed by utilizing the denaturation of microorganisms and the like, and then the keratin is gradually degraded into polypeptide, oligopeptide and free amino acid by the microbial polypeptide enzyme, so that the flammulina velutipes can be supplied as a raw material for synthesizing ergothioneine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the implementation of the invention is to degrade the chicken feather protein to be utilized by the organisms such as edible fungi, needle mushrooms and the like. Millions of tons of chicken feathers are generated from the livestock and poultry waste every year, the chicken feathers are rich in keratin, the content is more than 80 percent, but the structure of the chicken feather keratin is very stable.
(2) The implementation of the invention is realized by modifying the formula of the flammulina velutipes culture medium by using the feather degradation products, and the capability of promoting the biosynthesis of the ergothioneine serving as a functional component of the flammulina velutipes is provided, so that the effect of improving the edible and medicinal values of the flammulina velutipes is achieved.
Industrial applicability:
the invention provides the process conditions for producing the chicken feather degradation product by carrying out large-scale drying treatment on the livestock and poultry waste chicken feather to produce the chicken feather powder, carrying out degradation treatment on the chicken feather powder by using microorganisms such as bacillus and the like to produce the chicken feather degradation product, is suitable for the culture medium formula for industrial production of the flammulina velutipes, improves the edible and medicinal values of the flammulina velutipes by utilizing a large amount of biosynthesis functional components of ergothioneine from the flammulina velutipes, creates conditions for large-scale preparation of the ergothioneine, and has good application prospect and economic value.
The advantages of the invention in industrial applicability are: 1) the ergothioneine is produced by directly utilizing the conversion action of the edible mushrooms of the needle mushrooms, and no chemical reagent is needed, so that the cost is saved, and the environmental protection is facilitated. 2) The conversion efficiency of the flammulina velutipes edible fungi is high, the specificity is strong, and the yield of the generated ergothioneine is greater than 0.6 percent by mass; 3) the process is simple, and the production cost is reduced; 4) comprehensively utilizing livestock and poultry chicken feather waste; 5) the edible and medicinal value of the needle mushrooms is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The bacterial solutions used in the following examples were prepared as follows: activating the strains in a slant culture medium, and selecting the activated strains to be placed in a shake flask for liquid culture amplification to obtain a bacillus liquid;
the strain is Bacillus, and comprises more than one of thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), pseudobacillus pseudodurans (Bacillus pseudobacterius), alkalophilic Bacillus (Bacillus pseudobacterius), Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) and Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus).
The slant culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0gNaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO310-18.0g agar and 1.0L distilled water, mixing the above components, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;
the liquid culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5gMgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0g NaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO3And 1.0L of distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min.
Example 1
(1) Preparing chicken feather powder: collecting chicken feather, canning, sealing, introducing steam, adjusting pressure to 1.0MPa, treating for 3.0min, exhausting, turning over while spraying potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution with mass percentage concentration of 0.05-0.5%, centrifuging, recovering potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, oven drying, sorting, and pulverizing to obtain chicken feather powder;
(2) preparing chicken feather degradation products: adding the chicken feather powder into a bacillus liquid, uniformly mixing, controlling the pH to be 5.0, irradiating for 12 hours every day, and reacting for 12 days to obtain a chicken feather degradation product, wherein the mass percentages of the chicken feather powder and the bacterial liquid are 80% and 20%, respectively;
(3) preparing a needle mushroom culture medium: uniformly mixing the mixed wood chips, the chicken feather degradation products, the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat, the beanstalk, the rice bran, the lime, the gypsum and the soybean hulls to obtain a needle mushroom culture medium; the raw materials are as follows by mass percent: 51.5% of miscellaneous wood dust, 20% of chicken feather degradation product, 10% of cottonseed hull, 10% of corn cob, 4% of wheat, 1% of beanstalk, 2% of rice bran, 0.25% of lime, 0.25% of gypsum and 1% of soybean hull;
(4) bagging a golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product, sterilizing, and then sequentially carrying out inoculation of golden mushroom strains, fungus treatment, fungus scratching, mushroom fruiting management, harvesting, fungus cultivation, fungus scratching and repeated mushroom fruiting management. And (3) carrying out content determination on the obtained flammulina velutipes, wherein the yield of the ergothioneine reaches 0.6 percent by mass.
Example 2
(1) Preparing chicken feather powder: collecting chicken feather, canning, sealing, introducing steam, adjusting pressure to 1.5MPa, treating for 1.0min, exhausting, turning over while spraying potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution with mass percentage concentration of 0.05-0.5%, centrifuging, recovering potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, oven drying, sorting, and pulverizing to obtain chicken feather powder;
(2) preparing chicken feather degradation products: adding the chicken feather powder into a bacillus liquid, uniformly mixing, controlling the mass percentages of the chicken feather powder and the bacterial amount in the bacillus liquid to be 80% and 20%, controlling the pH value to be 5.5, illuminating for 10 hours every day, and reacting for 15 days to obtain a chicken feather degradation product;
(3) preparing a needle mushroom culture medium: uniformly mixing the mixed wood chips, the chicken feather degradation products, the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat, the beanstalk, the rice bran, the lime, the gypsum and the soybean hulls to obtain a needle mushroom culture medium; the raw materials are as follows by mass percent: 41.3 percent of miscellaneous wood chips, 10 percent of chicken feather degradation products, 15 percent of cottonseed hulls, 15 percent of corncobs, 7 percent of wheat, 3 percent of beanstalks, 5 percent of rice bran, 0.3 percent of lime, 0.4 percent of gypsum and 3 percent of soybean hulls;
(4) bagging a golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product, sterilizing, and then sequentially carrying out inoculation of golden mushroom strains, fungus treatment, fungus scratching, mushroom fruiting management, harvesting, fungus cultivation, fungus scratching and repeated mushroom fruiting management. And (3) carrying out content determination on the obtained flammulina velutipes, wherein the yield of the ergothioneine reaches 0.65 percent by mass.
Example 3
(1) Preparing chicken feather powder: collecting chicken feather, canning, sealing, introducing steam, adjusting pressure to 2.0MPa, treating for 1.5min, exhausting, turning over while spraying potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution with mass percentage concentration of 0.05-0.5%, centrifuging, recovering potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, oven drying, sorting, and pulverizing to obtain chicken feather powder;
(2) preparing chicken feather degradation products: adding the chicken feather powder into a bacillus liquid, uniformly mixing, controlling the mass percentages of the chicken feather powder and the bacterial liquid to be 90% and 10%, respectively, controlling the pH to be 6.0, illuminating for 10 hours every day, and reacting for 13 days to obtain a chicken feather degradation product;
(3) preparing a needle mushroom culture medium: uniformly mixing the mixed wood chips, the chicken feather degradation products, the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat, the beanstalk, the rice bran, the lime, the gypsum and the soybean hulls to obtain a needle mushroom culture medium; the raw materials are as follows by mass percent: 25% of miscellaneous wood chips, 30% of chicken feather degradation products, 10% of cottonseed hulls, 10% of corn cobs, 5% of wheat, 5% of beanstalk, 10% of rice bran, 0.5% of lime, 0.5% of gypsum and 4% of soybean hulls;
(4) bagging a golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product, sterilizing, and then sequentially carrying out inoculation of golden mushroom strains, fungus treatment, fungus scratching, mushroom fruiting management, harvesting, fungus cultivation, fungus scratching and repeated mushroom fruiting management. And (3) carrying out content determination on the obtained flammulina velutipes, wherein the yield of the ergothioneine reaches 0.7 percent by mass.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A needle mushroom culture medium containing chicken feather degradation products is characterized in that: the needle mushroom culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28.5 to 51.5 percent of miscellaneous wood chips, 5 to 30 percent of chicken feather degradation products, 10 to 20 percent of cottonseed hulls, 10 to 20 percent of corncobs, 4 to 8 percent of wheat, 1 to 5 percent of beanstalks, 2 to 12 percent of rice bran, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of lime, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of gypsum and 1 to 5 percent of soybean hulls;
the chicken feather degradation product is prepared by the following method:
(1) collecting chicken feather, canning, sealing, introducing steam, adjusting pressure to 1.0-3.0MPa, treating for 0.5-3.0min, exhausting, turning over while spraying 0.05-0.5% potassium hydroxide solution or sodium hydroxide solution, centrifuging, recovering potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, oven drying, sorting, and pulverizing to obtain chicken feather powder;
(2) activating the strains in a slant culture medium, and selecting the activated strains to be placed in a shake flask for liquid culture amplification to obtain a bacillus liquid; the strain is more than one of thermophilic bacillus licheniformis, pseudobacillus firmus, alkalophilic bacillus, bacillus subtilis and bacillus pumilus;
the slant culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0g NaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO310-18.0g agar and 1.0L distilled water, mixing the above components, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;
the liquid culture medium comprises soybean peptone 5.0-7.0g, yeast extract 5.0-7.0g, glucose 8-10.0g, and glucose 0.5-2.0g K2HPO4、0.01-0.5g MgSO4·7H2O、0.5-7.0g NaCl、5-13.0g Na2CO3And 1.0L of distilled water, mixing the above components, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;
(3) adding the chicken feather powder into the bacillus liquid, uniformly mixing, controlling the mass percentages of the chicken feather powder and the bacterial liquid to be 70-90% and 10-30%, respectively, controlling the pH value to be 5.0-6.0, illuminating for 5-12h every day, and reacting for 5-15d to obtain the chicken feather degradation product.
2. The method for preparing needle mushroom culture medium containing chicken feather degradation products as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the mixed wood chips, the chicken feather degradation products, the cottonseed hulls, the corncobs, the wheat, the beanstalk, the rice bran, the lime, the gypsum and the soybean hulls to obtain the needle mushroom culture medium.
3. Use of a needle mushroom culture medium containing a feather degradation product of claim 1 for the production of needle mushrooms with high ergothioneine content.
4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the application comprises the following steps: bagging a golden mushroom culture medium containing the chicken feather degradation product, sterilizing, and then sequentially carrying out inoculation of golden mushroom strains, fungus treatment, fungus scratching, mushroom fruiting management, harvesting, fungus cultivation, fungus scratching and repeated mushroom fruiting management.
5. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the yield of the ergothioneine produced by the high-content ergothioneine needle mushroom is more than 0.6 percent of the mass fraction.
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| CN104871824A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-02 | 电白中茂生物科技有限公司 | Industrial needle mushroom cultivation method |
| CN106116765A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 泰山医学院 | A kind of method utilizing fermentable poultry feather to produce liquid organic fertilizer |
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| CN108633614A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-10-12 | 新平源健农业开发有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom |
| CN109554414A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-02 | 华南农业大学 | Application of needle mushroom gene Fvegt1, Fvegt2 and the Fvegt3 in synthesis erythrothioneine |
| CN109628534A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | A kind of method of bacterium enzyme Combined Treatment degradation cyokeratin waste resource |
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2019
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| CN102668878A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-09-19 | 东莞香市菌业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating flammulina velutipes by using aquilaria-sinensis-chip edible mushroom culture medium |
| CN103896653A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-07-02 | 苏州承泰能生物质工程技术有限公司 | Preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN104871824A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-02 | 电白中茂生物科技有限公司 | Industrial needle mushroom cultivation method |
| CN106116765A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 泰山医学院 | A kind of method utilizing fermentable poultry feather to produce liquid organic fertilizer |
| CN106278669A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-01-04 | 广西顺帆投资有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285815A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-24 | 广东省微生物研究所（广东省微生物分析检测中心） | A kind of compound amino acid fertilizer and its production method |
| CN108130295A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-06-08 | 柳州市宏华生物肥有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer fermenting agent |
| CN108633614A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-10-12 | 新平源健农业开发有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of oyster mushroom |
| CN109554414A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-02 | 华南农业大学 | Application of needle mushroom gene Fvegt1, Fvegt2 and the Fvegt3 in synthesis erythrothioneine |
| CN109628534A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | A kind of method of bacterium enzyme Combined Treatment degradation cyokeratin waste resource |
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