CN104126414A - Black fungus artificial cultivation method - Google Patents
Black fungus artificial cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126414A CN104126414A CN201410400460.3A CN201410400460A CN104126414A CN 104126414 A CN104126414 A CN 104126414A CN 201410400460 A CN201410400460 A CN 201410400460A CN 104126414 A CN104126414 A CN 104126414A
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Abstract
The invention provides a black fungus artificial cultivation method, and relates to the technology of crop cultivation, in particular to the black fungus artificial cultivation method. The method includes the steps of strain culture, production strain preparation and planting, and is characterized by including culturing mother strains, culturing original strains, inoculating the original strains obtained after propagation culture on production bags for spawn running, and the production bags are transferred to fields or forest land for planting management, wherein culture media of the original strains and the production bags include mulberry wood dust, bran, land plaster, sugar and water. By means of the method, the yield and the flavor of black fungi are guaranteed, and meanwhile sustainable development of black fungus planting can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the culture technique of crops, especially a kind of artificial cultivation technique of woodear.
Background technology
Woodear is a kind of nutritious edible mushroom, is again the traditional health food of China and exporting, and it is because growing on rotten wood, and it is similar to people's ear, therefore named auricularia auriculajudae.It is a kind of saprophytic fungus, there is no chlorophyll, and oneself can not manufacture food, mainly relies on organic substance in other biological body as nutriment.Seek saprophytic work simultaneously, must on organism in the dust, just can grow.Its mycelia is very strong to the capacity of decomposition of the cellulose in organism, hemicellulose, can make organism finally pulverize.Woodear is in growth and development process, and needed external condition is mainly nutrition, temperature, moisture, illumination, air and acid-base value, and affecting larger factor is moisture and illumination.
Traditional fungus cultivation adopts segment wood cultivated, and its cultivation flow process mainly comprises, the preparation of place selection, bacterial classification, preparation Duan Mu, inoculation and field planting management step.This segment wood cultivated yielding poorly, cannot meet the need of market.Along with popularization and the development of artificial cultivation technique, further promote the experimental study of substitute fungus cultivation new technology, mainly taking plastic bag cultivation as main, various places adopt wood chip, straw, cotton seed hulls, bagasse, corncob etc. in recent years, mix respectively with auxiliary materials such as wheat skins, carry out bag and plant and bottle cultivation auricularia auriculajudae.Wherein, the wood chip of woodear is cultivated in processing, mainly with Fagaceae and Betulaceae seeds for well, pine tree, eucalyptus and other broad-leaved tree next.Due to the restriction of wood chip material, auricularia auriculajudae plantation in the past concentrates on the North China of China substantially, and other local plantations are less.Secondly, consider from the angle of protection forest, adopt the mode of falling trees to carry out cultivating black fungus and be also subject to suitable limitation.Therefore, only have the income that adopts convenient available cultivation sill guarantee auricularia auriculajudae plantation, be also the basis of this industry sustainable development simultaneously.
Current cultivating black fungus, a most outstanding problem is that ear rod miscellaneous bacteria is many, and auricularia auriculajudae insect is many, and bacterium processed and substituting stuff cultivation pollute many, often cause larger loss to production.Therefore, need to be prevented, be reduced the loss.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula technique, when ensureing output and its local flavor, can make auricularia auriculajudae plantation sustainable development.
The artificial cultivation method of a kind of woodear of the present invention, has comprised the cultivation of bacterial classification, preparation and the planting process that production is planted, and it is characterized in that concrete cultivation method comprises the steps:
(1) female cultivation of planting, female wild kind of selecting on mountain of planting is carried out cultural hypha in medium;
(2) cultivation of original seed, female kind expanded numerous cultivation acquisition original seed on medium;
(3) original seed of the numerous cultivation of process expansion is inoculated in to produce to wrap and sends out bacterium;
(4) producing bag moves on to and under land for growing field crops or in forest land, carries out Cultivate administration;
Wherein, the medium of original seed and production bag comprises mulberry tree wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sugar and water.
Woodear growth taking carbohydrate and nitrogen substance as main, also needs a small amount of inorganic salts to the requirement of nutrient.The mycelium of woodear, in growth and development process, itself constantly secretes multiple ferment (enzyme), thereby firewood or composts or fertilisers of cultivating are had to very strong capacity of decomposition.Select cultivation on sawdust auricularia auriculajudae, can not consider nutrient problem, because the nutrient in trees is generally all more sufficient, can meet the needs of auricularia auriculajudae growth completely.If but while selecting the cultivation of sawdust or other substitutes, be to add a small amount of gypsum, sucrose and phosphoric acid dioxy potassium etc., to meet needs that woodear grows to nutrition.
The medium of original seed of the present invention and production bag has adopted mulberry tree wood chip, and do not adopt Fagaceae and Betulaceae seeds, mulberry tree wood chip is higher with respect to the content of Fagaceae and its protein and sugar of Betulaceae seeds on the one hand, be that its nutrient component is higher than the wood chip content of these two kinds of trees, therefore can effectively promote the production of woodear mycelia.In southern area, there is the industry of sericulture in a lot of places in Yunnan on the other hand, and mulberry tree all needs to prune every year, can utilize the branch after abundant pruning to be ground into mulberry tree wood chip, realizes the secondary utilization of resource.
In addition, production bag of the present invention adopts the mode of land for growing field crops or underwood planting, has cancelled original greenhouse gardening, has saved the cost of booth, also can ensure the quality of product simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of artificial cultivation method of woodear, comprises following step:
(1) female cultivation of planting, female wild kind of selecting on mountain of planting is carried out cultural hypha in medium, and it is PAD medium that medium adopts potato dextrose agar.Concrete steps comprise the preparation of medium, female test tube packing, the autoclaving of mother culture media and cultivation operation of bacterial classification of planting.
(2) cultivation of original seed, female kind expanded numerous cultivation acquisition original seed on packed medium.The medium adopting is mulberry tree wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, sugar 1% and water by weight, and the content of water is 60%.In Primary spawn process, temperature is most important factor, and the temperature of culturing room remains on 25-28 DEG C in 7 days, and 7-40 days, remains on 18-22 DEG C; Relative moisture is at 50-70%.Temperature is too high, in bag, there will be ponding, easily impels mycotic infection.Humidity is too low, and the moisture loss in culture bag is many, and medium is dry, and it is unfavorable that mycelia is produced, and humidity is too high, president's miscellaneous bacteria.Therefore in incubation, need strictly to control the temperature and humidity in culturing room.In addition, packed medium also be should be noted that its sterilization that carries out disinfection.
(3) original seed of cultivating through breeding is inoculated in to produce to wrap sends out bacterium.Inoculation is that artificial cultured original seed dibbling is wrapped to producing, and makes it in production bag, grow field planting.In this process, should be noted that the sterilization to producing bag, and in dibbling operating process the sterilization of inoculating hood, transfer room, prevent that miscellaneous bacteria from infecting, and affects the production of auricularia auriculajudae.Produce the medium of bag with the medium of original seed.
(4) producing bag moves on to and under land for growing field crops or in forest land, carries out Cultivate administration.Field planting will grow the production bag built of fruit body, general " people " font method that adopts, produce bag at a distance of 7cm for two, approximately 45 ° of angles are advisable, set in brickwork both sides, towards east-west direction, can make like this to produce bag and accept sufficient solar radiation, place mat pine tag or straw under production bag, muddy water splashes and produces after bag when preventing from raining, affect the growth of auricularia auriculajudae and its cleannes.In management process, place will keep relative moisture in 90%～95% left and right.Water spraying time should be carried out with the dusk in the morning.
Plantation also can be planted at woodland, will produce bag rope and hang in the tree, overhead the place of 70cm left and right.In forest land, humidity is higher, has the growth that utilizes auricularia auriculajudae.
Pedigree seed culture medium and produce the mode sterilization that carries out disinfection that the medium in bag adopts high-temperature steam to steam.
Claims (3)
1. an artificial cultivation method for woodear, has comprised the cultivation of bacterial classification, preparation and the planting process that production is planted, and it is characterized in that concrete cultivation method comprises the steps:
(1) female cultivation of planting, female wild kind of selecting on mountain of planting is carried out cultural hypha in medium;
(2) cultivation of original seed, female kind expanded numerous cultivation acquisition original seed on medium;
(3) original seed of the numerous cultivation of process expansion is inoculated in to produce to wrap and sends out bacterium;
(4) producing bag moves on to and under land for growing field crops or in forest land, carries out Cultivate administration;
Wherein, the medium of original seed and production bag comprises mulberry tree wood chip, wheat bran, land plaster, sugar and water.
2. the artificial cultivation method of a kind of woodear as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the medium that original seed and production bag adopt is mulberry tree wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, land plaster 1%, sugar 1% and water by weight, and the content of water is 60%.
3. the artificial cultivation method of a kind of woodear as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the temperature of Primary spawn chamber remains on 25-28 DEG C in 7 days, and 7-40 days, remains on 18-22 DEG C; Relative moisture is at 50-70%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410400460.3A CN104126414B (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | The artificial cultivation method of Auricularia |
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| CN201410400460.3A CN104126414B (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | The artificial cultivation method of Auricularia |
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| CN104126414A true CN104126414A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104126414B CN104126414B (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105009942A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 兴安县铭晖食用菌种植有限公司 | Method for planting black fungus |
| CN105248147A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2016-01-20 | 尚志市珍奇中药材科技有限公司 | Needle-leaved tree agaric cultivation method |
| CN108293602A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-07-20 | 什邡昊阳农业发展有限公司 | A kind of agaric compost and agaric cultural method |
| CN108633618A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-12 | 务川自治县惠农现代农业开发有限公司 | A kind of culture substrate and the method using its cultivating black fungus |
| CN109042085A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 望谟县郊纳八步农业综合投资开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of fungus cultivation original seed |
| CN109479623A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-19 | 施甸康宏农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of culture material and its cultural method using paper mulberry cultivating black fungus |
| CN110115199A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | A method of production cloud ear strain is considered to be worth doing with Eucalyptus |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009942A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 兴安县铭晖食用菌种植有限公司 | Method for planting black fungus |
| CN105248147A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2016-01-20 | 尚志市珍奇中药材科技有限公司 | Needle-leaved tree agaric cultivation method |
| CN108293602A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-07-20 | 什邡昊阳农业发展有限公司 | A kind of agaric compost and agaric cultural method |
| CN108633618A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-12 | 务川自治县惠农现代农业开发有限公司 | A kind of culture substrate and the method using its cultivating black fungus |
| CN109042085A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 望谟县郊纳八步农业综合投资开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of fungus cultivation original seed |
| CN109479623A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-19 | 施甸康宏农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of culture material and its cultural method using paper mulberry cultivating black fungus |
| CN110115199A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | A method of production cloud ear strain is considered to be worth doing with Eucalyptus |
| CN110115199B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-03-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Method for preparing black fungus strain from eucalyptus wood chips |
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