CN105229852A - 用于圆柱形主体的全向天线 - Google Patents

用于圆柱形主体的全向天线 Download PDF

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CN105229852A
CN105229852A CN201480029038.XA CN201480029038A CN105229852A CN 105229852 A CN105229852 A CN 105229852A CN 201480029038 A CN201480029038 A CN 201480029038A CN 105229852 A CN105229852 A CN 105229852A
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antenna
cylinder
shaped body
battery
integrated circuit
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CN105229852B (zh
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J·T·伯里科夫
S·科罗纳多霍特尔
W·莫里斯
S·J·斯佩希特
C·C·贾尔斯
K·D·斯蒂凡诺夫
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Duracell US Operations Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/20—Resilient mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
    • H01Q7/08—Ferrite rod or like elongated core
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于圆柱形主体的天线，该天线可包括其上带有天线的挠性基底，该天线带有电连接到集成电路的第一端子和第二端子，挠性基底联接到圆柱形主体。

Description

用于圆柱形主体的全向天线
技术领域
本公开整体涉及用于圆柱形主体的天线装置。
背景技术
射频识别(RFID)正日益普及地用于诸如保安、库存管理、入口控制等之类的应用。作为一个子类别，使用与RFID相同的高频(HF)范围(13.56MHz)内的载波频率的近场通信(NFC)被用于诸如无线传感器之类的应用。能够使用NFC的智能电话的数目正在增长，并且无源转发器或有源转发器(RFID标签/NFC标签)的所述各种应用也在增长。当前的用于RFID/NFC标签的RFID/NFC环形天线在所述13.56MHz范围内谐振，并且通常为带有矩形或圆形形状的偶极子天线。偶极子天线的空间响应在两个方向上，当阅读器的天线和标签天线平行时最大，并且当它们垂直时为零。
如果需要3维(3D)响应，例如，当承载了RFID/NFC标签的物体放置在任意位置或在任意方向上移动时，就需要基本上彼此正交的两个天线。此类组合难以制造、调谐和匹配于RFID/NFC芯片，并且将很可能需要定制的“专用集成电路”(ASIC)。由于典型的电池为圆柱形的，因此如果需要将所述天线放置在圆柱体上，则所述组合将更为复杂。
因此，需要一种用于RFID和/或NFC应用中所用的圆柱形主体的单一全向天线。
发明内容
在一个实施例中，一种用于圆柱形主体的天线装置可包括联接到圆柱形主体的挠性基底。挠性基底在其上可具有天线，所述天线带有联接到集成电路的第一端子和第二端子。集成电路可包括模数转换器和通信电路，并且被构造成感测电池的状况并发信号传达所述电池的状况。
在另一个实施例中，一种用于圆柱形主体的折叠天线装置可包括挠性基底，所述挠性基底联接到圆柱形主体并包括设置在挠性基底内的孔，并且被构造成允许圆柱形主体在所述孔内穿过并围绕圆柱形主体包裹挠性基底。带有第一端子和第二端子的天线可连同集成电路一起联接到挠性基底。集成电路可包括模数转换器和通信电路，并且被构造成感测电池的状况并给阅读器发信号传达所述电池的状况。
在另一个实施例中，一种用于电池上的电池状态指示电路的装置可包括联接到圆柱形电池的挠性铁氧体屏蔽罩。一种带有第一端子和第二端子的连续环形天线可印刷在所述铁氧体屏蔽罩上。集成电路可电联接到天线的第一端子和第二端子，并且可包括模数转换器和通信电路，所述通信电路被构造成感测电池的状况并给阅读器发信号传达所述状况。集成电路可通过电联接到电池的阳极的第一引线和电联接到电池的阴极的第二引线电联接到所述电池。
根据以下发明详述并结合附图，将会更充分地理解由本文所述的实施例所提供的这些和附加特征。
附图说明
附图所示的实施例在性质上为例证性和示例性的，而并不旨在限制由权利要求所限定的主题。当结合以下附图阅读时，能够理解对以下例证性实施例的详细描述，其中用类似的附图标号表示类似的结构，并且其中：
图1示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的圆柱形主体上的印刷的全向天线；
图2A和图2B示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的异相构型的两对称环形全向天线；
图3A、图3B、图3C和图3D示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的同相构型的所述两对称环形全向天线；
图4示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的折叠的天线；
图5A，图5B和图5C示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例所示的用以围绕圆柱形主体包裹折叠的天线的步骤；
图6示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的围绕其弯曲表面的中心旋转的折叠的天线的读取范围；
图7示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的围绕其长轴旋转的折叠的天线的读取范围；
图8示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的同相构型的两对称环形全向天线；并且
图9示出了根据本文所示和所述的一个或多个实施例的若干全向天线实施例的读取范围。
具体实施方式
图1大致示出了单一全向天线的一个实施例，其可放置或印刷在圆柱形主体53上，并且提供通过使用RFID/NFC技术读取的3D能力(全向天线的任何取向)。本文将更详细地描述全向天线的各种实施例和所述全向天线的操作。
现在参见图1，示出了可被定位在圆柱形主体53上的全向天线40。全向天线40可包括多个天线迹线45，所述多个天线迹线可限定多个天线或限定一个或多个连续环形天线。每个环可具有所述多个天线迹线45的一个或多个线匝或卷绕。在一个实施例中，全向天线40被直接印刷在圆柱形主体53上。在另一个实施例中，全向天线40被直接印刷在挠性基底50上。挠性基底50可为例如通过粘合剂放置在圆柱形主体53上的保护层、挠性的多层印刷电路板、和/或可收缩材料，所述可收缩材料允许挠性基底50联接到圆柱形主体53。所述可收缩材料可放置在圆柱形主体53上并被热活化或光活化从而收缩并使挠性基底50适形于圆柱形主体53。
在一些实施例中，如果例如圆柱形主体53由如下任何材料制成，则挠性基底50可为可用在圆柱形主体53上的电磁场(EMF)偏转器，所述材料由于暴露于磁场诸如随时间变化的磁场而可传导或循环电流(涡电流)。在暴露于磁场时可传导或循环电流的材料可包括任何亚铁金属和/或非亚铁金属或具有传导有限量电子的能力的任何材料。EMF偏转器可涂刷、印刷或胶粘到圆柱形主体53，并且可用来阻挡或减弱由全向天线40感生的和/或由环境或感生的任何磁场在圆柱形主体53中产生的涡电流。EMF偏转器可为挠性铁氧体屏蔽罩，所述铁氧体屏蔽罩联接到圆柱形主体53或者由在指定频率下具有高磁导率的任何其它材料制成。EMF偏转器的另一个名称可为“磁转向器”，如美国临时申请61/746,265所示和所述的，该文献全文以引用方式并入本文。EMF偏转器不应当为导电的以防止涡电流形成并使围绕天线的所述场塌缩。其它材料可用作提供高磁导率的电绝缘的铁氧体屏蔽罩，诸如，铁、镍、或钴和它们的不导电的对应的合金。EMF偏转器可允许RFID/NFC技术在圆柱形主体53上起作用，所述偏转器可由于暴露于磁场而传导或循环电流。
参见图1、图6和图7，沿圆柱形主体53的中心的长度示出了长轴710。当沿长轴710观察圆柱形主体53时，可见到圆形端视图83，如图7所示。当垂直于长轴710观察圆柱形主体53时，可见到纵向视图82，如图6所示。
在另一个实施例中，EMF偏转器可被插置或定位在圆柱形主体53和挠性基底50之间。EMF偏转器可涂刷、印刷或胶粘到圆柱形主体53，并且挠性基底50可收缩或附着到EMF偏转器。
芯片位置55可被定位在挠性基底50的任何部位，但其优选地靠近天线迹线45的第一端子60和第二端子65。第一端子60和第二端子65可提供用于焊料焊接、导电粘合剂焊接、超声焊接或压接集成电路(IC)的接头连接部。所述IC可包括电联接在一起的通信电路和/或模数(ADC)芯片以执行某种功能。所述IC可包括其它电路以包括但不限于指示电路、电源电路、RFID芯片、NFC芯片、输入/输出电路或端口等。所述IC可物理地将通信电路和ADC并列地协同定位在一起或物理地将它们集成在一起。所述IC可联接到挠性基底50，或者其可直接联接到圆柱形主体53。所述IC也可包括专用集成电路，所述专用集成电路是经专门制造的以涵盖所需功能的性能。所述功能可为测定电池的指定状况，并将所述信息以功能信息的形式中继给阅读器。所述功能也可为发信号传达对电池具体状况的通知，或者所述功能可为提供对电池的指定状况的指示，所述指示可包括听觉指示、视觉指示或振动觉指示。振动觉为感测振动的能力，因而振动觉指示为提供振动感的机械手段或机电手段。电池的指定状况可包括电池的功率输出、当电池的使用寿命将要结束时的放电速率，并且提供指示以表明需要使用电池或更换电池、或指示电池的充电状态。所述功能可为提供关于以下方面的功能信息：过放电保护；过充电保护；剩余容量测定；电压测定；循环寿命测定；和功率管理。功率管理功能可包括电池识别；电池健康状态；电池保护；电池平衡；剩余电量指示；充电控制；电压转换；负载调控；接通电池/关断电池；功率设定调节；允许或防止再充电；电池旁路；温度监测；和充电速率调节。功能信息也可包括如下所述的识别信息。
第一引线70和第二引线75可用来联接到圆柱形主体53的端部。第一引线70和第二引线75可不与天线迹线45相交，并且可直接印刷在圆柱形主体53或挠性基底50上。第一引线70和/或第二引线75可与圆柱形主体53电隔离。如果例如圆柱形主体53为电池，则第一引线70可从芯片位置55延伸至电池上端(阳极)，并保持与电池电隔离，直到其电联接到电池上端。第二引线75也可从芯片位置55延伸至电池下端(阴极)，或者第二引线75可在芯片位置55终止于圆柱形主体53上。第一引线70和第二引线75可由导电粘合剂诸如银环氧树脂或通过超声焊接联接到圆柱形主体53的端部。
例如，所述IC可为物理地集成的，并且将RFID芯片和/或NFC芯片、ADC、第一端子60、第二端子65、第一引线70和第二引线75电联接在一起。所述IC也可被构造成带有唯一标识符(RFID标签等同物)，所述唯一标识符指示唯一序列的数字/符号或信息，诸如，制造日期、批号、序列号、和其它可识别信息。所述IC可被构造成用电联接到电池的阳极的第一引线和电联接到电池的阴极的第二引线感测电池的电压。所述IC可感测电池的阳极和阴极之间的电压，并且发信号报告所述电压给阅读器。
图2A和图2B示出了异相构型200的两对称环形全向天线。图3A、图3B、图3C和图3D示出了带有两个对称环的同相构型300的全向天线。图2A和图3A示出了所述两对称环形全向天线，为清楚地示出所述不重叠的两个对称环，它们为平坦的。在一个实施例中，所述两对称环形全向天线可被直接印刷在圆柱形主体上。在另一个实施例中，所述两对称环形全向天线可如上所述印刷在挠性基底50上。挠性基底50可具有第一边缘205和第二边缘210。所述两对称环形全向天线的每个对称环可包括天线迹线45的一个，两个，或更多个线匝。
所述两对称环形全向天线在图2A和图2B中被示出为处于异相构型200，并且在图3A、图3B、图3C和图3D中被示出为处于同相构型300。当所述两对称环形全向天线联接到圆柱形主体时，所述两对称环形全向天线的所述两个环彼此间隔开约180度(圆柱形主体的相对侧)，这可允许在所述两对称环形全向天线和阅读器(未示出)之间进行更好的信号通信。异相构型200在圆柱形主体的圆柱形端部(顶部和底部)提供增大的信号保真性，在那里沿圆柱形主体的顶部节段和底部节段的天线迹线45的圆形节段彼此同相，并且天线迹线45的长轴节段相互抵消。术语“同相”可包括如下情况：其中波形为同步的，或者其中两个或更多个波形的频率为相同的，并且它们的正峰和负峰同时发生。术语“相互抵消”可包括如下情况：其中两个或更多个波形异相约180度，并具有相同的频率和振幅。
图2B和图3B示出了分别出自图2A和图3B的挠性基底50上的所述两对称环形全向天线，它们可围绕圆柱形主体(未示出)被包裹。在第一边缘205和第二边缘210之间不存在重叠。芯片位置55以及第一端子60和第二端子65如上所述被示出和起作用。在该例示性实施例中，当挠性基底50围绕圆柱形物体被包裹时、第一边缘205和第二边缘210彼此基本上平行。在另一个实施例中，所述两对称环形全向天线可不限于具有第一边缘205和第二边缘210，并且可印刷在圆柱形形状的挠性基底50上，如图1所示。圆柱形形状的挠性基底50可在圆柱形主体上滑动，并且可不被围绕地包裹，如图2B所示。
图3A、图3B、图3C和图3D示出了同相构型300的所述两对称环形全向天线，其中每个对称环具有两个线匝。所述两对称环形全向天线可如上所述被直接印刷在圆柱形主体上或印刷到挠性基底50上。在同相构型300中，天线迹线45与芯片位置55的连接与图2A和图2B的异相连接所示的相反。同相构型300沿圆柱形主体的长轴增大信号保真性，在那里天线迹线45的圆形节段彼此异相并相互抵消，并且天线迹线45的长轴节段为同相的。
在一些实施例中，挠性基底50可为多层印刷电路板(PCB)。第一端子60可在芯片位置55上经由所述多层PCB上的与天线迹线45不同的层电联接到所述IC。这可允许如图3A和图B所示的迹线重叠，而不将所述迹线电联接在一起。此外、第一引线70和第二引线75也可位于所述多层PCB的独立层上以有利于第一引线70和第二引线75与天线迹线45相交。如图3C和图3D所示，桥接器63可能是需要的以允许将所述IC电联接到第一端子60和第二端子65，如下文所更详述。
参见图3C，挠性基底50可为凹陷的或切除的以减小电池标签的厚度。挠性基底50的第一突片310可提供用于第一引线70的结构，并且可被折叠以将第一引线70柔性地联接到圆柱形主体的顶部。挠性基底50的第二突片311可提供用于第二引线75的结构，并且可被折叠以将第二引线75柔性地联接到圆柱形主体的底部。
图4示出了挠性基底50上的折叠的天线400。折叠的天线400可具有产生至少一个连续环的天线迹线45。在一个实施例中，天线迹线45产生带有至少三个线匝或更多个线匝，优选地至少五个线匝的连续环形天线。孔405设置在挠性基底50内。挠性基底可具有三个延伸的节段，即第一延伸的节段410、第二延伸的节段411、和第三延伸的节段412。所述三个延伸的节段(410，411和412)用来提供用于折叠的天线400的部件的安装表面。例如：第一延伸的节段410可用来将第一引线70柔性地联接到圆柱形主体；第二延伸的节段411可用来将第二引线75柔性地联接到圆柱形主体；并且第三延伸的节段412可用来将芯片位置55柔性地联接到折叠的天线400。
图5A，图5B和图5C示出了用于围绕圆柱形主体包裹出自图4的折叠的天线400的步骤。在图5A中，折叠的天线400的孔405被拉开。箭头O1指示孔405下方的下节段被牵拉远离由箭头O2所示的上节段，从而导致图5B中所见的形状。然后“折叠”第一翼片510和第二翼片515而使它们平坦放置并适形于圆柱形主体。图5C示出了折叠的天线400的最终形式。第二翼片515被示出为抵靠折叠的天线400。
图6示出了使用折叠的天线400时的读取范围，这时圆柱形主体600在阅读器(未示出)前面围绕其弯曲表面的中心610旋转360度。与圆柱形主体600的中心相距的距离以毫米测量。围绕电池的阳极和阴极的读取范围可为从电池的中心610算起约25至约35mm。读取范围可为沿电池的长轴从电池的中心610算起约30mm。
图7示出了使用折叠的天线400时的读取范围，这时圆柱形主体700在阅读器(未示出)前面围绕其长轴710旋转360度。与圆柱形主体700的中心相距的距离以毫米测量。当电池围绕其长轴710旋转时的读取范围可为约20mm至约28mm。当电池围绕其长轴710旋转时，折叠的天线400的读取范围可提供更一致的读取范围。
图8示出了处于同相构型的两对称环形全向天线800，其中每个对称环带有三个线匝。所述两对称环形全向天线800可如上所述被直接印刷在圆柱形主体上或印刷到挠性基底50上。同相构型沿圆柱形主体的长轴增大信号保真性，在那里天线迹线45的圆形节段彼此异相因而相互抵消，并且天线迹线45的长轴节段为同相的。
挠性基底50的第一突片310可提供用于第一引线70的结构，并且可被折叠以将第一引线70柔性地联接到圆柱形主体的顶部。挠性基底50的第二突片311可提供用于第二引线75的结构，并且可被折叠以将第二引线75柔性地联接到圆柱形主体的底部。
应当理解，本公开不限于最多三个对称环，而是可为任何所需数目的对称环以实现所期望的读取范围。如下文关于通信电路所述，可使用低频(约125kHz至约134.2kHz以及约140kHz至约148.5kHz)、高频(约13.56MHz)或超高频(约868MHz至约928MHz)以符合全世界已经使用的RFID标准。在决定可使用多少对称环和/或每个对称环的多少线匝来提供LC(电感和电容)谐振电路时，必须考虑对应的IC输入电容和天线电感，所述谐振电路带有可调谐性范围以符合RFID芯片和RFID芯片阅读器的谐振频率。
图9示出了用于圆柱形主体的所述两个对称的全向天线的若干实施例的以毫米(mm)计的读取范围。示出了每个对称环形(圆形)全向天线的所述两个线匝、每个对称环形(正方形)全向天线的三个线匝、和所述五线匝折叠的(X)全向天线，它们处于同相构型以供比较。所述两对称环形(圆形)全向天线可具有约18mm至约30mm的读取范围。每个对称环形(正方形)全向天线的所述三个线匝可具有约22mm至约33mm的读取范围。所述五线匝折叠的(X)全向天线可具有约22mm至约25mm的读取范围。
参见图1-图4和图8，印刷所述天线或挠性基底50可包括机器或被施加到受试表面的热活化或光活化材料，所述机器通过如下方式限定所述天线或挠性基底50：使用筛网印刷、凹版印刷或喷墨印刷将所述材料施加到受试表面(圆柱形主体或挠性基底)上，诸如RF溅射技术(施加冲击或压力以限定受试表面上的材料)、金属箔掩蔽和蚀刻技术。
天线迹线45、第一端子60、第二端子65、第一引线70、和第二引线75可由铜、铝、银、金、或其它导电金属制成。其它示例包括导电聚合物、导电胶、和导电碳诸如石墨。在一个实施例中，天线迹线45、第一端子60、第二端子65、第一引线70、和第二引线75可如上所述为印刷的。在另一个实施例中，天线迹线45、第一端子60、第二端子65、第一引线70、和第二引线75可为预成形的绝缘线或裸线。如果所述预成形的线为裸线，则其可由非导电片、非导电带、非导电挠性基底、或非导电收缩包裹物覆盖。例如，所述非导电片或收缩包裹物可为产品标签。
在一个实施例中，所述IC可由电池10供电(有源的)。在另一个实施例中，所述IC可仅在检测到10阅读器时由电池供电(电池辅助无源的)，并且在另一个实施例中，所述IC可不由电池供电(无源的)，例如，通过从外部功率源采集能量来供电。
通信电路可使用任何合适的通信协议，诸如但不限于如包括在例如ISO/IEC14223，14443，15693，15961，15962，15963，18000，18092和21481通信标准内的射频识别(RFID)电路(RFID标签)和/或近场通信(NFC)电路(NFC标签)；如包括在例如IEEE802.15.1通信标准内的蓝牙电路；如包括在例如IEEE802.11通信标准内的WiFi电路；如包括在例如IEEE802通信标准内的Zigbee电路；和任何合适的固定无线通信电路。通信电路可利用任何合适的频带，诸如高频(HF)，超高频(UHF)、或微波频率。
应当理解，本公开不限于单电池，并且可应用于任何圆柱形主体或如下物体，所述物体使用RFID标签(芯片)或NFC标签(芯片)以监测其状态。例如，圆柱形主体可为可再充电电池、燃料电池、硬币电池叠堆、或圆柱形电池叠堆。圆柱形电池可包括例如AAAA电池、AAA电池、AA电池、C电池、D电池、CR2电池、A123电池、和具有圆柱形形状的其它电池。
阅读器可为能够读取RFID标签或NFC标签的任何装置。具体示例可包括智能电话、平板电脑、个人计算机(PC)、专用RFID标签阅读器、专用NFC标签阅读器、手持式计算装置、或电联接到计算装置的杆式天线。阅读器可用来通过发送询问信号激励所述IC，或者可发送“唤醒”信号给所述IC。所述询问信号可为预定频率的RF脉冲，所述脉冲用来对所述IC中的电路增能并向所述IC提供功率以发送其功能信息。所述“唤醒”信号也可为RF脉冲，但所述IC可使用来自另一个来源的功率以为所述IC供电并发送其功能信息。阅读器可包括用以可见地呈现所述功能信息的显示器或能够可听地呈现所述功能信息的听觉装置。阅读器也可包括算法以在进行呈现之前解释和/或修改所述功能信息。
注意本文可使用术语“基本上”和“约”来表示可属于任何定量比较、值、量度或其它表示的不确定性的内在程度。本文也使用这些术语来表示定量表示可不同于所述参考值而不造成在讨论中受试主体的基本功能有变化的程度。
将某些术语用于本公开仅仅是为了便利而非是限制性的。字词“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“顶部”、“底部”、“上部”和“下部”命名所参考的附图中的方向。所述术语包括上述字词以及它们的衍生词和类似含义的字词。
应当了解，本文所公开的量纲和值不旨在严格限于所引用的精确值。相反，除非另外指明，否则每个这样的量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如，公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或限制，将本文引用的每篇文献，包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请，全文以引用方式并入本文。任何文献的引用不是对其作为本文所公开的或受权利要求书保护的任何发明的现有技术，或其单独地或与任何其它参考文献的任何组合，或者参考、提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外，如果此文献中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入本文的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义相冲突，将以此文献中赋予该术语的含义或定义为准。
虽然已经举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施例，但对于本领域的技术人员来讲显而易见的是，在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出各种其它变化和修改。因此，本文旨在所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类改变和修改。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于圆柱形主体的天线，包括：
联接到圆柱形主体的挠性基底；
天线，所述天线包括至少一个天线迹线，所述至少一个天线迹线带有联接到所述挠性基底的第一端子和第二端子；和
集成电路，所述集成电路电联接到所述第一端子和所述第二端子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天线，其中所述挠性基底为电磁场偏转器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的天线，其中所述挠性基底选自由以下项组成的组：通过粘合剂放置在所述圆柱形主体上的保护层、挠性的多层印刷电路板、和可收缩材料，所述可收缩材料放置在所述圆柱形主体上并被热活化或光活化以收缩并使所述挠性基底适形于所述圆柱形主体。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的天线，其中所述圆柱形主体为电池。
5.根据权利要求4所述的天线，还包括：
电联接在所述电池的阴极和所述集成电路之间的第一引线；和
电联接在所述电池的阳极和所述集成电路之间的第二引线。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的天线，其中所述集成电路还包括模数转换器和通信电路，所述集成电路被构造成感测所述电池的状况并发信号传达所述电池的状况。
7.根据权利要求6所述的天线，其中所述电池的状况选自由以下项组成的组：过放电保护、过充电保护、剩余容量测定、电压测定、循环寿命测定、和功率管理。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的天线，其中所述集成电路为射频识别芯片或近场通信芯片。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的天线，其中所述天线为同相的两对称环形天线。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的天线，其中所述天线为异相的两对称环形天线。
11.一种用于圆柱形主体的折叠天线，包括：
联接到圆柱形主体的挠性基底，所述挠性基底包括设置在所述挠性基底内的孔并被构造成允许所述圆柱形主体在所述孔内穿过并围绕所述圆柱形主体包裹所述挠性基底；
天线，所述天线带有联接到所述挠性基底的第一端子和第二端子；和
集成电路，所述集成电路联接到所述第一端子和所述第二端子。
12.根据权利要求11所述的天线，其中所述圆柱形主体为电池。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的天线，其中所述集成电路为射频识别芯片或近场通信芯片。
14.根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的天线，其中所述集成电路还包括模数转换器和通信电路，所述集成电路被构造成利用电联接到所述电池的阳极的第一引线和电联接到所述电池的阴极的第二引线来感测电池的状况，并发信号传达所述电池的状况。
15.根据权利要求14所述的天线，其中所述集成电路发信号传达所述电池的状况给阅读器，所述阅读器选自由以下项组成的组：智能电话、平板电脑、个人计算机、专用射频识别标签阅读器、专用近场通信标签阅读器、手持式计算装置、和电联接到计算装置的杆式天线。
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US9887463B2 (en) 2018-02-06
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US20180159225A1 (en) 2018-06-07
US10916850B2 (en) 2021-02-09
CN110165363A (zh) 2019-08-23
WO2014189831A3 (en) 2015-01-22
US20140347249A1 (en) 2014-11-27
CN110165363B (zh) 2021-02-19
US9478850B2 (en) 2016-10-25
CN105229852B (zh) 2019-05-17
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JP2016530742A (ja) 2016-09-29
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