CN1051916A - 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 - Google Patents
可生物降解的共聚物的制备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1051916A CN1051916A CN90109353A CN90109353A CN1051916A CN 1051916 A CN1051916 A CN 1051916A CN 90109353 A CN90109353 A CN 90109353A CN 90109353 A CN90109353 A CN 90109353A CN 1051916 A CN1051916 A CN 1051916A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- multipolymer
- composition
- matrix
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 acryloxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC=C PVEOYINWKBTPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SHGUVJPXKKRMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].CCCC Chemical compound [O].CCCC SHGUVJPXKKRMRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001596 poly (chlorostyrenes) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 79
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 69
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 28
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000004686 pentahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 101100493820 Caenorhabditis elegans best-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000247 postprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000004258 Ethoxyquin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000322338 Loeseliastrum Species 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940093500 ethoxyquin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyquin Chemical compound N1C(C)(C)C=C(C)C2=CC(OCC)=CC=C21 DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVZISJTYELEYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypodiphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)P(O)(O)=O TVZISJTYELEYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YHGPYBQVSJBGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+);trisulfate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YHGPYBQVSJBGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMARGGQEAJXRFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C ZMARGGQEAJXRFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyano-2-nitroacetamide Chemical class NC(=O)C(C#N)[N+]([O-])=O HQWDILUMZXPFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NICLKHGIKDZZGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopentanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(C#N)C(O)=O NICLKHGIKDZZGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYGJTQGGQYPSQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-diacetylhex-3-ene-2,5-dione Chemical group CC(=O)C(C(C)=O)=C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O WYGJTQGGQYPSQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XQRNWHMZFXXZKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)OO.[O] Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)OO.[O] XQRNWHMZFXXZKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100004286 Caenorhabditis elegans best-5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001052209 Cylinder Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005041 Mylar™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012296 anti-solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATSGLBOJGVTHHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(ethane-1,2-diamine)copper(2+) Chemical group [Cu+2].NCCN.NCCN ATSGLBOJGVTHHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071161 dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C=C BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethenyl-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019285 ethoxyquin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexasodium;trioxido(trioxidosilyloxy)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C(C)O VLCAYQIMSMPEBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TTZZRXVYJJWRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TTZZRXVYJJWRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/08—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/12—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3788—Graft polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Silicon Polymers (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一类新的可生物降解的水溶性接枝
共聚物,它具有助洗、抗成膜、分散以及极限晶体抑制
特性,它包括(a)一种酸官能单体,和(b)其它水溶性
单烯属不饱和基体。
Description
本发明涉及新型接枝共聚物。更确切地说,本发明涉及通过将酸官能的单体接枝到生物降解的聚氧化烯和聚烷氧基化基质上制取的接枝共聚物。这些接枝共聚物是可生物降解的,最好,作为聚合物的洗涤剂添加剂用作助洗剂、阻膜剂、分散剂、螯合剂和结垢抑制剂。这里所用的术语洗涤剂涉及织物浆洗用洗涤剂、硬质表面清洗剂(如自动洗盘机用的配方)和其它用作清洗剂的组合物。
在洗涤剂应用中,使用了大量的化学药品。由于这些化学药品可能最终将进入环境中,并驻留在地下水或敞开的地表水源中,因此非常期望这类化学药品是可降解的,以消除任何环境污染问题。洗涤剂和清洗剂传统上会有磷酸盐。这些磷酸盐以洗涤剂助洗剂的形式加入,以螯合碱土金属硬离子,并用作结垢抑制剂和抗再沉积剂。尽管公知的无机磷化合物非常有效且相对无毒,但它们也造成环境问题,如使植物生长过度,由此造成湖泊过肥化。
在过去三十年中,洗涤剂工业已进行了各种尝试,以使过肥多磷酸盐转化为环境上更为接受的物质,如聚羧酸聚合物(如聚丙烯酸)。在类似情况下,普遍存在的支化烷基苯磺酸盐(ABS)(可能是最常见的表面活性剂)已由其可生物降解的线型类似物(LAS)所取代,以消除在地下水和地表水中积累问题。
虽然目前用于洗涤剂和水处理应用的聚羧酸聚合物和共聚物没有含磷无机助洗剂或生泡的ABS表面活性剂所具有的同样缺点,但前面已经叙述过,非常需要进入环境中的大量应用的化学药品可生物降解。令人遗憾的是,用于洗涤剂应用场合或作为分散剂或水处理化学物质用的多数聚羧酸聚合物和共聚物不是高度可生物降解的。
已试图通过使用含两个烯属不饱和双键的共聚物,提供可生物降解的水溶性聚合物。在这方面,已注意到欧洲专利申请291,808(申请日:1988年5月7日,已转让给BASF Aktiengesellschaft)。该专利公开了水溶性共聚物,后者的制备方法是将至少一种单烯键不饱和单羧酸、至少一种含至少两个烯属不饱和非共轭双键和至少一个COOX基的共聚用单体、至少一种单烯键不饱和二元羧酸、单烯键不饱和羧酸的羟基酯和其它水溶性单烯键不饱和单体的单体混合物进行共聚。但是,对这些聚合物的研究已揭示出,它们很难取得或根本达不到良好的功效特性和生物可降解性的综合平衡。
美国专利4,746,456(′456)公开了一种含有聚氧化烯和醋酸乙烯酯的一种接枝共聚物的洗涤剂组合物,其目的是用作污物再沉积抑制剂。′456专利介绍的洗涤剂组合物含有0.1~3%的接枝共聚物,该共聚物是将环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或环氧丁烷接枝到聚氧化烯聚合物上(二者的重量比为1∶0.2~1∶10)而制取的。但是,′456专利的洗涤剂组合物除含有污物再沉积抑制剂之外还含有磷酸盐,且这些接枝共聚物不易被生物降解。
本申请人发现,通过把酸官能的单体接枝到可生物降解的聚氧化烯和聚烷氧基化基质上制得的接枝共聚物形成了可被生物降解和适用作洗涤剂添加剂的接枝共聚物。当这些接枝共聚物是通过一种提供短链接枝单元(利用金属盐,最好是产生铜离子的盐得到)的方法制备时,它们尤其可被生物降解。
本发明的一个目的是提供酸官能单体被接枝到聚氧化烯上得到的新型的水溶性聚合物。本发明的再一个目的是提供新型的可生物降解的接枝共聚物。本发明的又一个目的是提供一种洗涤剂配方和一种使用所述新型的可生物降解的接枝共聚物抑制结垢的方法。
本发明的共聚物是利用水溶液聚合方法,采用水溶性自由基形成引发剂和金属盐,通过将酸官能的单体接枝到聚氧化烯基质上而制取的。这些接枝共聚物是可生物降解的,适用作洗涤剂添加剂和助洗剂、分散剂、螯合剂和结垢抑制剂。
虽然尚未充分认识到上面提到的方法的机理,但据认为本发明接枝反应用的金属盐起着聚合调节剂的作用,也就是说,它们控制了接枝侧链的分子量、链长和支化度。另外,据信聚合调节剂导至形成短的、非支化的接枝链,由此得到更为可生物降解的链。这与上述支化的苯磺酸烷基酯(ABS)被线型类似物(LAS)所取代以改进生物降解性相类似。尽管本发明的共聚物优先选用线型侧链,但具有高支化含量的不可能被生物降解的链也适用于上述用途。这里,提出本发明的理论仅在于说明所得到的令人惊异的结果,而不是以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
可以被接枝酸官能的单体的起始基质是可生物降解的,包括数均分子量(Mn)约为100~100,000、最好约为200~10,000的聚氧化烯和聚烷氧基化物质,並以环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷或其混合物为基础。可生物降解的接枝基质的例子有聚环氧乙烷,聚环氧丙烷,聚环氧丁烷,聚氧化苯乙烯,氧化烯,聚氧化烯的醚和酯的共聚物,以及聚乙氧化蓖麻油。更优选的基质是聚环氧乙烷,烷基和芳基聚乙氧基化物,聚乙氧基化蓖麻油以及环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的共聚物。基质聚合物与酸官能单体的重量比最好为1∶20~5∶1,最佳1∶10~1∶1。
用于形成接枝侧链的单体可含有以下物质作为聚合单元:
(a):酸官能的烯属不饱和单体,例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸、衣康酸、丁烯酸、乙烯基乙酸、丙烯酰氧丙酸、相关单体或其混合物,和以基质的总重计和取决于它们的溶解度限度用量为0~35%的(b):可与(a)共聚的其它水溶性或水不溶性烯属不饱和单体,例如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的烷基酯,如丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸异丁酯;丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的羟烷基酯,如丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯,丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酰胺、N-叔丁基丙烯酰胺,N-甲基丙烯酰胺,N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺;丙烯腈,甲基丙烯腈,烯丙醇,烯丙基磺酸,烯丙基膦酸,乙烯基膦酸,丙烯酸二甲基氨乙基酯,甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨乙基酯,甲基丙烯酸二氧磷基乙酯,N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮,N-乙烯基甲酰胺,N-乙烯基咪唑,乙二醇二丙烯酸酯,三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯,邻苯二甲酸二烯丙基酯,丙烯酸乙烯酯,苯乙烯,乙烯基磺酸及其盐,2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)及其盐或其混合物。
用于本方法的引发剂是公知的水溶性的形成自由基的化合物。可以使用的、优选的水溶性引发剂是过氧、过硫酸盐、过磷酸盐和偶氮引发剂,包括过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化氧、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵、过磷酸钠、过磷酸铵、过磷酸钾、2,2-偶氮双(氰基戊酸)或其混合物。更优选的引发剂是过氧化氢和叔丁基过氧化氢。以单体总重计,引发剂的浓度通常为0.5~25%(重量),最好1~10%。
本发明使用很低用量的水溶性金属盐,例如铜、铁、钴和锰的盐,以酸官能的聚合单体的重量计,每百万份金属离子的金属盐的用量约为1~200份、最好约5~100份(ppm)。更优选的金属离子是铜盐,包括在水溶液中将产生铜离子的所有无机化合物和有机化合物。其中,合适的铜盐是:硫酸铜,硝酸铜和氯化铜。合适的有机铜化合物包括:醋酸铜和惰性、水溶性铜配合物。铜盐可以用作唯一的金属源,也可以与其它过渡族金属盐混用。反应中存在的金属离子的量对本发明的接枝聚合反应很关键。如果金属离子含量过高,则单体的转化率(%)降低到不能接受的低范围;如果金属离子的含量过低,则降低了上述分子量控制效果。
聚合反应最好伴随工艺间部分中和步骤。中和剂的典型用量以单体的酸官能度计为碱的26~95当量%、最好为碱的20~80当量%。工艺间中和剂的例子有氢氧化钠、钾或铵,或胺类如三乙醇胺。这些中和剂是以水溶液的形式加到中和反应中。
接枝聚合反应可以采用批量生产法或连续生产法进行,而且最好在10~90%、最佳35~65%的固含量条件下进行。聚合反应的温度约为60~150℃、最好约为80~130℃。在批量生产法中,将接枝基质的水溶液放入反应器中,并往里加入金属盐。加热溶液,然后在12小时内,往反应器中加入一种或多种单体的水溶液、引发剂溶液和中和液。另一种方法是在加入到反应器之前混合这些溶液中的两种或多种,此外,再一种方法是以单独溶液形式加入共聚用单体。加料速率为1-10小时,最好1~5小时。
在连续生产法中,反应器中一般先只加入水或金属盐的水溶液,并加热到高温。金属盐最理想的是同时共同加到反应器中或包含在初始投料中,也可以综合这两种情况。然后,可将接枝基质、单体、引发剂和中和剂以基本上均匀的速率加入,这种基本上均匀的速率可包括同时、线性添加共同加料液或以稍微不同的速率和时间添加共同进料液。最好,将以下四种溶液共同加入到反应器中:(1)单体溶液;(2)接枝基质溶液;(3)引发剂溶液;和(4)中和剂溶液。一种满意的变通方法是在加入到反应器之前将这四种溶液中的两种或多种进行混合;另一种变通方法是以单独溶液形式加入共聚用单体。可以变化单体和引发剂的加入速率和时间以解决单体的反应性差别,从而最大限度地提高单体的转化率。对于该连续生产法,驻留时间为0.25~5小时,最好0.5~2小时。
以上的共聚物作为洗涤剂和清洗剂添加剂是有效的,并可用作分散剂或水处理化学物质。可以上述方式使用接枝共聚物,也可以根据需要保护聚氧化烯的端基,从而氧化烯的自由的OH基可以被醚化、酯化、缩醛化和/或胺化。本发明的洗涤剂组合物可呈任何普通的物理形式,如粉末、珠粒、薄片状、棒状、片状、条状、液体、膏状等等。这种洗涤剂组合物以普通方式制备和使用,且一般是以表面活性剂为基础,也可根据需要以沉淀剂或结垢助洗剂为基础。
举例来说,合适的表面活性剂是阴离子表面活性剂,例如C8~C12烷基苯磺酸酯、C12~C16烷磺酸酯、C12~C16烷基硫酸酯、C12~C16烷基硫代琥珀酸酯和C12~C16硫酸化乙氧基化烷醇和非离子表面活性剂,如C6~C12烷基酚乙氧化物,C12~C20烷醇烷氧化物和环氧乙烷及环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物。视情况,可将聚氧化烯的端基保护住,从而聚氧化烯的自由OH基可以被醚化、酯化、缩醛化和/或胺化。另一种改型是由聚氧化烯的自由OH基跟异氰酸酯反应组成。非离子表面活性剂还包括C4~C18烷基葡糖甙以及由这种物质烷氧基化反应得到的烷氧基化产物,特别是那些由烷基葡糖甙跟环氧乙烷反应得到的产物。用于洗涤剂的表面活性剂还可具有两性特征,而且它们可以是肥皂类。
一般来说,表面活性剂占洗涤或清洁剂配方重量的2~50、最好5~45wt·%。液体洗涤剂通常含有液体、甚至固体表面活性剂组分,它们可溶于或者至少分散在洗涤剂配方中。适用于此目的的表面活性剂是液态聚氧化烯或可用于粉末洗涤剂的聚烷氧基化化合物产物。
本发明洗涤剂和清洗剂中所含的螯合助洗剂的例子可包括磷酸盐,特别是正磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐,尤其是三聚磷酸钠。另外的例子是沸石、碳酸钠、聚羧酸、氮川三乙酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、上述酸的盐以及膦酸盐单体、低聚物或聚合物。
以洗涤剂配方的总重计,用于制备洗涤剂配方的各物质的量为例如85%以下的碳酸钠,45%以下的磷酸盐,40%以下的沸石,30%以下的氮川三乙酸和膦酸盐以及30%以下的聚羧酸。由于使用磷酸盐造成严重的环境污染,目前正在减少洗涤剂和清洗剂配方的磷酸盐含量,以便使洗涤剂通常含有约30%以下的磷酸盐,或最好无磷酸盐。在某些液体洗涤剂行业,助洗剂的使用通常被限定为柠檬酸及其盐或柠檬酸盐和脂肪酸肥皂的混合物;而在其它行业,液体洗涤剂组合物掺入了一种中等含量的肥皂(约15%)或三聚磷酸盐(约20%),以提高总体清洗效率。
加入到洗涤剂和清洗剂配方中的其它普通添加剂是漂白剂,其用量为30wt.%以下;缓蚀剂,如硅酸盐,其用量为25wt。%以下;以及抗泛灰剂,其用量为5%以下。举例来说,合适的漂白剂是过硼酸盐,过硫酸盐或产生氯的物质,例如氯代异氰尿酸盐;用作缓蚀剂的合适的硅酸盐是硅酸钠二硅酸钠和偏硅酸钠;抗泛灰剂的例子是羧甲基纤维素,甲基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素和分子量为1000~15,000的醋酸乙烯酯和聚氧化烯的接枝共聚物。可选用的其它普通洗涤剂添加剂是荧光增白剂、酶和香料。粉末洗涤剂配方还可含有50wt。%以下的惰性稀释剂,例如硫酸钠、氯化钠、或硼酸钠。洗涤剂配方可以是无水的,也可以含有少量的,例如10wt。%以下的水。液体洗涤剂可含有80%以下的水作为惰性稀释剂。
上述可生物降解的接枝共聚物可加入到所有洗涤剂和清洗剂配方中,以配方的总重计,其用量为0.5~30%、最好1~15wt。%。多数情况下,特别是用作抗污物再沉积剂时,可生物降解的聚合物用量最好为2~10wt。%(以洗涤剂和清洗剂的混合物计)。在无磷酸盐和低磷酸盐洗涤剂和清洗剂中,特别是那些含有沉淀剂组分(如碳酸钠)的洗涤剂和清洗剂中,使用按照本发明的添加剂具有特别重要的意义。低磷酸盐配方含有至多25wt.%三聚磷酸钠或焦磷酸钠。从其生物降解性考虑,本发明的共聚物最好在无磷酸盐配方中的高浓度使用,并用作助洗剂代替磷酸盐。
若需要,本发明的可生物降解共聚物可与非生物降解的丙烯酸和马来酸的共聚物或与丙烯酸均聚物一起用于洗涤剂配方。后面提到的非生物降解的聚合物通常在洗涤剂配方中用作抗污物再沉积剂。除了上述聚合物之外,由C3~C6一元羧酸和二元羧酸或马来酐和C1~C4烷基乙烯基醚构成的共聚物也可用作抗污物再沉积剂。均聚物和共聚物的分子量为1000~100,000。若需要,这些抗污物再沉积剂可与本发明的可生物降解的共聚物一起用于洗涤剂中,其用量为20wt。%以下(以总配方计)。虽然以所述聚合物为基础的公知的抗污物再沉积剂并不是可生物降解的,但在水处理厂中,它们可与吸收了它们的活化污浆一起从废水中排掉。可生物降解的共聚物可以游离酸形式或完全或部分中和形式加到洗涤剂配方中。
本发明的接枝共聚物的其它应用包括水处理。这些共聚物的水处理应用包括分散应用(例如在造纸用粘土水分散体)和抗生核剂,其中微量共聚物可起着晶体形成的极限抑制剂的作用,或在冷却塔或锅炉中起着极限结垢抑制剂的作用。当用于抑制形成晶体或结垢时,水溶性聚合物常与缓蚀剂如无机或有机磷酸盐或膦酸盐或金属盐如锌化合物等等混用。本发明的共聚物可直接加到水系统中,也可以浓缩水组合物的形式加入,其中共聚物在组合物中的含量为20%~60%(重量)。
以下具体实施例旨在说明本发明的具体实施方案,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。除非另外指出,所有百分率均以重量计。
合成接枝共聚物
实施例1
往一个配有机械搅拌器、回流冷凝器和逐渐加入单体、苛性液和引发剂溶液的2升4颈烧瓶中加入250克去离子水、16克0.15%硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物水溶液和100克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)。将该溶液加热回流,然后在2小时内线性和单独加入250克冰丙烯酸、83.3克30%过氧化氢的引发剂溶液以及208克50%氢氧化钠溶液的碱中和剂溶液(75当量%被中和)。一旦加入完毕,将系统再保持回流20分钟。然后,将系统冷却到60℃,并加入49.3克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行后中和。
所得聚合物溶液的pH为7.2,固含量为48.2%。根据凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC),重均分子量(Mw)为4850,数均分子量(Mn)为2060。剩余丙烯酸含量为0.01%。
实施例2
重复实施例1的工序,只是先将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=1000)加到反应器中,并加入46.1克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物溶液的pH为7.0,固含量为46.9%。根据GPC,Mw为5000,Mn为3440。剩余丙烯酸含量为0.3%。
实施例3
重复实施例1的工序,只是先将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=8000)加到反应器中,并加入52.9克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为7.3,固含量为45.2%。根据GPC,Mw为5690,Mn为3650。剩余丙烯酸含量为0.38%。
实施例4
重复实施例1的工序,只是先将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=400)加到反应器中,并加入49.3克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物溶液的pH为7.2,固含量为44.3%。根据GPC,Mw为3430且Mn为2720。剩余丙烯酸含量为<0.01%。
实施例5
重复实施例1的工序,只是先将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)加到反应器中,引发剂共加料为166.6克30%过氧化氢溶液,和加入37.9克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为7.2,固含量为42.6%。根据GPC,Mw为940和Mn为537。剩余丙烯酸含量为<0.01%。
实施例6
重复实施例1的工序,只是将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)和32克0.15%硫酸酮至水合物溶液加到反应器中,并加入45.9克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为7.7,固含量为47.7%。根据GPC,Mw为4750,Mn为3100。剩余丙烯酸含量为0.01%。
实施例7
重复实施例1的工序,只是将100克聚乙二醇(Mw=1000)和32克0.15%硫酸铜五水合物溶液加到反应器中,并加入45.9克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为7.7,固含量为45.6%。根据GPC,Mw为4250,Mn为3000。剩余丙烯酸含量为<0.01%。
实施例8
重复实施例1的工序,只是将200克聚乙二醇(Mw=1000)和400克去离子水加到反应器中,并加入45.9克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为5.7,固含量为45.7%。根据GPC,Mw为4950且Mn为3480。剩余丙烯酸含量为<0.01%。
实施例9
重复实施例1的工序,只是将200克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)、400克去离子水和32克0.15%硫酸铜五水合物溶液加到反应器中,并加入45.0克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH为7.4,固含量为45.1%。根据GPC,Mw为3760,Mn为2420。剩余丙烯酸含量为<0.01%。
实施例10
往一个配有机械搅拌器、回流冷凝器和逐渐加入单体、苛性液和引发剂溶液用的入口的3升4颈烧瓶中加入403克去离子水、26.9克0.15%硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物水溶液和168克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)。将该溶液加热回流,然后在2小时内线性和单独地加入420克冰丙烯酸、140克30%过氧化氢引发剂溶液和349克50%氢氧化钠溶液的碱性中和剂溶液(75当量%被中和)。一旦加入完毕,将系统再保持回流30分钟。然后,将系统冷却到60℃,加入712克50%氢氧化钠溶液进行后中和。
所得聚合物溶液的pH为7.3,固含量为45.4%。根据GPC,Mw为5720,Mn为3510。剩余丙烯酸含量少于0.01%。
实施例11
将50克去离子水和16克0.15%硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物溶液加到容积为2升并装有机械搅拌器、温度计、冷凝器及用于逐渐加入单体、基料、引发剂和中和剂溶液的入口的四颈烧瓶中。制备250克冰丙烯酸单体共加料、83.3克30%过氧化氢的引发剂共加料溶液、聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)在200克去离子水中的共加料溶液以及208克(75%当量中和)50%氢氧化钠溶液的中和剂溶液。首先,将10%的每种共加料溶液加入烧瓶,然后将内容物加热回流,再于2小时内将剩余量的共加料溶液线性地单独加入。投料完毕,将反应于回流状态下维持30分钟。然后将反应冷却至60℃,加入49.3克50%氢氧化钠溶液以作为进行补充反应中和。
所得聚合物的pH值为6.6,固体含量为42.4%,按GPC测得的Mw为8110,Mn为2460,残余丙烯酸的含量小于0.01%。
实施例12
重复实施例11的步骤,只是在开始加料时使用66克去离子水。使用16克0.15%硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物溶液、184克去离子水和100克聚乙二醇(Mw=8000)制备聚乙二醇共加料溶液。
所得聚合物的pH值为7.6,固体含量为45.0%,按GPC测定的Mw为7860,Mn为3560,残余丙烯酸含量低于0.01%。
实施例13
重复实施例1的步骤,只是向烧瓶中加入3.9克1暑的乙二胺四乙酸铁(Ⅲ)单钠盐水溶液取代硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物溶液。
所得聚合物溶液的pH值为6.5,固体含量为48.5%,按GPC测得的Mw为8400,Mn为2880,残余丙烯酸的含量为0.62%。
实施例14
重复实施例1的步骤,只是向烧瓶中加入3.9克1%的乙二胺四乙酸铜(Ⅱ)二钠盐的水溶液以取代硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物溶液。
所得聚合物溶液的pH值为6.8,固体含量为46.4%,按GPC确定的Mw为6840,Mn为1820,残余丙烯酸的含量低于0.01%。
实施例15
所得聚合物溶液的pH值为8.7,固体含量为47.5%,按GPC测得的Mw为6190,Mn为4230。残余丙烯酸的含量低于0.01%。
实施例16
重复实施例1的步骤,只是加入烧瓶中的为50克聚乙二醇(Mw3400)。
所得聚合物的pH值为7.3,固体含量为42.1%,按GPC确定的Mw为5080,Mn为3470,残余丙烯酸的含量为0.05%。
实施例17
重复实施例1的步骤,只是向烧瓶中加入的是16克0.15%硫酸铁(Ⅲ)五水合物溶液而不是硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物溶液。
所得聚合物的pH值为6.7,固体含量为45.9%。按GPC确定的Mw为12600,Mn为2300。残余丙烯酸含量为0.22%。
实施例18
重复实例1的步骤,只是向烧瓶中加入的为450克去离子水和500克聚乙醇(Mw3400)。
所得聚合物的pH值为7.1,固体含量为51.9%,按GPC确定的Mw为3720,Mn为1380,残余丙烯酸的含量为0.06%。
实施例19
重复实施例1的步骤,只是向烧瓶中加入的为250克聚乙二醇(Mw=3400)。
所得聚合物的pH值为6.7,固体含量为53.1%,按GPC确定的Mw=4480,Mn=2110,残余丙烯酸的含量低于0.01%。
实施例20
重复实施例1的步骤,只是单体共加料由200克冰丙烯酸和42.4克马来酐组成。碱性中和剂溶液为218克50%NaOH溶液,补充反应中和溶液为39克50%NaOH溶液。
所得聚合物的pH值为7.9,固体含量为46.5%。按GPC确定的Mw=4880,Mn=1830,残余丙烯酸含量为0.06%,残余马来酸含量为0.33%。
实施例21
向容积为2升、装备有机械搅拌器、回流冷却器以及逐渐加入单体、中和剂和引发剂溶液的入口的四颈烧瓶中加入100克去离子水、16克0.15%硫酸铜(Ⅱ)五水合物水溶液及100克聚乙二醇(Mw1000)。将该溶液回流,然后在2小时内,线性地分别加入200克丙烯酸、50克衣康酸和200克去离子水的单体溶液;228.3克50%氢氧化钠的去离子水溶液的中和剂溶液;和83.3克30%过氧化氢溶液的引发剂溶液。加料完毕后继续回流20分钟,然后将反应冷却至室温。
所得聚合物的pH值为6.1,固体含量为45.6%,按GPC确定的Mw=2850,Mn=2110,残余丙烯酸含量为0.03%,残余衣康酸含量为0.27%。
实施例22
所得聚合物的pH值为7.0,固体含量为46.5%,按GPC确定的Mw=4950,Mn=2940,残余丙烯酸的含量低于0.01%。
实施例23
重复实施例1的步骤,只是单体共加料溶液含有125克冰丙烯酸和125克甲基丙烯酸。碱性中和剂共加料含有191克50%氢氧化钠溶液。补充反应中和溶液为38.8克50%NaOH溶液。
所得聚合物的pH值为7.2,固体含量为46.7%,按GPC确定的Mw=6200,Mn=2030,残余丙烯酸含量为0.56%,残余甲基丙烯酸含量为0.16%。
生物降解试验
上面所述的某些接枝共聚物的生物降解性列于下表,根据BOD(生物氧需要)试验、所产生的CO2以及溶解的有机成分(SCAS)以0-100%的尺度测定聚合物生物降解性,结果列于表Ⅱ和表Ⅲ。BOD方法的Standard Methods for Examination of Water & Wastewater〔Page525,16th edition(1985)〕中所述的方法,SCAS和CO2试验按OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals(modipied stram method,CO2test No.301B,SCAS test No.302A)中所述的方法进行。
所用的BOD试验为密闭容器试验,为此将选用的聚合物和无机盐的溶液接种城市污水细菌,生物降解通过氧气吸收指示,它通过测定溶液中溶解氧含量而确定。
所提供的BOD试验结果是针对于5mg/300ml浓度和所列持续时间。CO2试验结果是针对10mg/300ml,SCAS试验结果是针对20mg/300ml。
粉状洗涤剂配方和性能评估
用约1克50%Skippack粘土的液浆(于水中)沾污一块4″×4″白色棉布块。将布块中心直径为2″的污点过夜空气干燥。清洁布(用于再沉积试验)为未被沾污的4″×4″白棉布。
在Terg-O-Tometer中于下列条件下检测洗涤剂组合物:40℃,100rpm,100ppm硬度(50%城市自来水/50%去离子水),洗涤12分钟,漂洗3分钟,每盆5块布(其中3块被污染)。洗涤水预先加热,加入织布、再加入溶解的洗涤剂(2.6克于100ml水中的50%淤浆)。洗涤之后拧干布块,漂洗,再次拧干,然后空气干燥。在含有聚丙烯酸均聚物的洗涤剂中洗涤布块总是用作对照。
用Pacific Scientific Colorimeter(Colorghrd System1000)测定反射度,并用L、a、b色标记录数据。按下列公式计算污值(E)和白度指数(W。I。):
E=V(Ls-L)2+(as-a)2+(bs-b)2
W.I.=L/100(L-(5.715×b))
其中Ls、as和bs为被污染布块的反射性读数,L、a和b为洗涤布块的反射性读数。
在三个独立的洗涤实验中评估每种聚合物。表1所列的洗涤剂组合物用于上面所述的性能评估,洗涤剂性能评估的结果以及BOD生物降解数据列于表Ⅱ和表Ⅲ。含有本发明聚合物的其它可能的粉状洗涤剂配方示于表Ⅳ,但并不仅限于这些。
表1
用于评估本发明聚合物的粉状剂组合物
洗涤剂成分 含量(%)
碳酸钠 22.0
沸石A 16.0
硅酸钠 2.7
LAS 8.3
硫酸十二烷基酯 8.3
硫酸钠 34.0
聚合物 1.7
水 7.0
表4 粉状组合物
TPPl | PYRO2 | 磷酸盐 | 非磷酸盐 | |
阴离子LAS3硫酸十二烷基酯醇醚硫酸酯PEO4TPPpyro碳酸钠硫酸钠硅酸钠沸石A光增白剂酸NaPAA5皂非离子(EO/PO6)过硼酸盐TAED7抗再沉积剂硫酸盐水 | 5831.538-10156-0.20.5------- | 513-2-3013245-0.20.50.7------ | 6---30-7155-0.20.3-152040.20.5 | 7.5-----7.5201.5250.20.3--522.5-0.20.3 |
粉状组合物
1 三磷酸钠
2 焦磷酸钠
3 线性烷基磺酸盐
4 聚乙氧基化物
5 聚丙烯酸钠盐
6 环氧乙烷/1,2-环氧丙烷
7 四乙酰基乙二胺
液体洗涤剂配方及其性能评估
本发明的液体洗涤剂配方中的聚合物的效力是按照标准美国浆洗参数使用Sears Kenmove Ultra Fabric Care牌洗涤机(Heavy Duty 80 Series型)在商业上可得到的重垢型液体组合物中洗涤棉、聚酯/棉共混物(65/35)以及聚酯被纺织布加以评估。洗涤条件、污垢/织物结合以及聚合物浓度详见于表Ⅴ和表Ⅵ,用于评估本发明共聚物的基本液体洗涤剂配方见例如欧洲专利申请EP-0348183,它也示于表Ⅶ。表Ⅷ显示了用于液体洗涤剂的其它合适配方,它们可能与本发明共聚物一起使用,但并不限于这些。
被污染布料由Scientific Services(Oakland,NJ)制造(除非另外标明),并制成特定大小(3 1/2″×4 1/2″)。用Pacific Scientific Colorimeter(Colorgard System 1000)测定反射度,并用L.a.b色标记录数据。浆洗之前测定被污染布料的反射度(L)以便在试验中仅使用具有相同反射度的布料。然后在浆洗后测定反射度以评估洗涤剂的效力,并用作平均值。为了制造一种在消费者的洗涤物上遇到的实际污物/织物组合,选择以下四类污物:
-颗粒(粘土)
-油/颗粒(衣领污垢)
-可氧化物(污点)
-可酶敏感物(蛋白质的)。
试验中包括未被污染的棉布和未被污染的聚酯布,以便评计各个聚合物的抗再沉积特性。每一污物/织物组合评估四次。将得自被所给污物污染的所有布块的反射度值平均而得到最后数据,示于表Ⅸ。
表Ⅴ
洗涤条件:
装置-Sears Kenmore牌洗衣机
温度-热(95℃)
硬度-常规(120ppm)
搅拌-高
洗涤周期-中等(10分钟)、16.7加仑/载荷
洗涤剂剂量-所建议的水平-1/2杯(130克)
聚合物浓度-5%固体(被中和,pH7)
表Ⅵ
污物种类 污物特性(布织物)
颗粒*大棵树粘土(棉)
*Skippack粘土(棉)
Scientific Services粘土(棉)
油性/颗粒 化妆品成分(棉)
尘埃/皮脂(棉,pE/棉,pE)
可氧化物 葡萄汁(pE/棉)
经酿造的茶(pE/棉)
青草(棉)
酶 CHOC FUDGE PUDD ING(PF/棉)
再沉积 棉
聚酯
*利用中国鬃刷(10)将0.7-0.8克Skippack或Big Oak粘土的25%粘土浆(于水中)涂到一块3 1/2″×4 1/2″白棉布块(棉#405-试验织物)上而制备。在洗涤之前将污物涂到布料上(直径为2″的范围内)并让其过夜空气干燥。
表Ⅶ
碱性液体洗涤剂配方
成分 重量百分数
表面活性剂
线性十二烷基苯磺酸盐 17.00
脂肪醇乙氧基化物(外离子) 7.00
助洗剂
柠檬酸钠 10.00
水溶助长剂/助溶剂
一乙醇胺 2.00
Misc和水 至100%
*Misc包括香料、染料、脂肪酸、增白剂和遮光剂。
污垢抑制
按下列方法评估本发明聚合物作为碳酸钙(CaCO3)抗沉淀的效力:
1.向-四盎司瓶中加入以下物质:
a)5oml以下溶液
600mg/l Na2CO3(以CaCO3表示)
600mg/l NaHCO3(以CaCO3表示)
b)0.7ml重量百分数为0.1%的聚合物固体(pH8.0)
c)50ml以下溶液
1200mg/l CaCl2(以CaCO3表示)
600mg/l MgSO4(以CaCO3表示)
2.将该瓶封口,置于54℃水浴中20小时。
3.通过-0.45微米过滤器过滤热样品。
4.用乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)滴定滤液
CaCO3抑制百分数= (A-C)/(E-C) ×100
其中A是沉淀后滤液中按mg/l计算的Ca2+含量,B是沉淀前按mg/l计算的样品中Ca2+含量,C是沉淀后不含聚合物的样品中Ca2+含量(mg/l)。结果见表Ⅹ。
按下列方法评估本发明多聚物作为磷酸盐抗沉淀剂的效力:
1.向-四盎司瓶中加入以下物质:
a)40ml 500mg/l NaHCO3溶液(以CaCO3表示)
b)20ml 25mg/l Na2HPO4溶液(以PO3+4表示)
c)1.0或1.5ml 0.1%(重量)聚合物固体(pH8.0)
d)40ml以下溶液
1000mg/l CaCl2(以CaCO3表示)
500mg/l MgCl2(以CaCO3表示)
e)0.2ml 250mg/l FeCl3溶液作为Fe3+
2.用稀释的NaOH将pH调至8.5
3.将瓶封口,置于49℃水浴20小时
4.通过0.45微米过滤器过滤热样品。
5.利用抗坏血酸法(APHA standrd 13th edition p532,1971)分析滤液的磷酸盐
PO34抑制百分数= (A-C)/(B-C) ×100
其中A为沉淀后滤液中的PO3+4含量(ky/l),B为沉淀前样品中PO3+4的水平(mg/l),C为沉淀后无多聚物的样品中PO3+4水平(mg/l)
按下方法评估本发明聚合物作为分散剂的效力。
1.向-Cowles混合杯中加入:
320ml 200mg/l CaCl3(以CaCO3表示)
0.32g Hydicte UF高岭土(1000ny/l高岭土)
2.将混合物高速搅拌10分钟。
3.用稀释NaOH将pH值调至7.5。
4.将100ml等份溶液分别置于四盎司瓶中。
5.同每一等份溶液中加入1ml0.1%的聚合物溶液(调至pH8)。
6.将瓶封口,置于振荡器上低速振荡10分钟。
7.将样品转移至量筒中,静置3小时。
8.将每一样品的顶部25ml溶液转移至一盎司管瓶。
9.在Nephelometric Turfidity Units(NTUS)中测定样品的浊度
高岭土分散性百分数= (A-C)/(B-C) ×100
其中A为3小时后NTU′s中样品的浊度,B为搅拌后立即测定的NTU′s中样品的浊度,C为3小时后NTU′s中不含聚合物的对照样品的浊度。结果见表Ⅹ。
硬质表面清洗剂:配制及性能评估
利用A.S.T.M方法D3556-85的改型(Standard Test Method for Deposition on Glasscotre Dwring Mechnical Dishvotshing)进行洗盘试验。该试验方法包括按照玻璃器皿上污点和油雾的组成测定家庭自动洗盘去污剂性能的方法。在食物污垢存在下在洗盘机中多次循环大玻璃杯,通过肉眼比较测试去污剂所容许的成斑和成膜水平。
用Kenmore牌洗盘机进行洗涤试验,将洗盘机的底架上随意装上10-12个餐盘,顶架上随意装上几个烧杯和杯子。将四个新的10盎司大玻璃杯作为试验玻璃随意放在顶架上。试验中所用的污垢为80%人造奶油和20%无脂干乳的混合物。每一完整周期中第一次洗涤中每一试验所用的污垢量为40克。
当试验准备开始时,将污垢涂在底架中四个盘凿上,用于第一次循环的去垢剂放在去垢剂分散器杯中,然后启动机器。洗盘机有一短循环和一长循环。使用三个连续长循环进行实验,即正常洗涤,每一循环包括洗涤、漂洗,第二次洗涤,第二次漂洗以及干燥循环。在正常洗涤过程中,在第二次洗涤(约12分钟进入正常循环)开始时,打开机器,加入第二去垢剂等份试样。当加入第二去垢剂剂量时不再另加污垢。然后让机器进行整个循环周期(包括干燥时间)。
当干燥循环完成后开门取出四个玻璃杯,评估成膜和成斑。将试验玻璃杯置于装有荧光的光箱中进行评估。按照下列尺度对玻璃杯进行评级:
成膜 成斑
0 无膜 0 无斑
1 极轻微 1 偶有
2 轻微的 2 1/4玻璃
3 中等 3 1/2玻璃
4 严重的 4 完全成斑
平均成膜和成斑等级是由每一等级得到的,即将所有每一循环中每一玻璃杯的等级相加,再除以玻璃杯数,然后乘以循环数。这一用数字表示的等级很好地表示了每一被测洗涤剂的整个性能。也应注意到了是否存在品质不均匀或出现钙垢。
为洗盘机供水的水硬度条件为200ppm,供水的温度维持在120°F。
被测洗涤剂是以Vert(Consumer product prom Canada-Loflaws)为基础的,它是无磷酸盐、无氯的配方,包括约12%Na2SO4,16%H2O,低于约40%的Na2CO3,硅酸盐,柠檬酸盐。当用氯进行评估时,加入1%(重量)的NaOCl配方。结果示于表Ⅺ。
Claims (20)
1、具有助洗、分散和极限抑制性的可生物降解的水溶性接枝共聚物,它包括(a)一种酸官能单体和选加的(b)一种或多种可与(a)共聚的其它水溶性单烯属不饱和单体,所说单体或单体类被接枝到可生物降解的基质上,该基质选自聚氧化烯、聚烷氧化物及其混合物,其中所说基质与所说酸官能单体(a)的重量比为1∶20-5∶1,单体(b)的重量为0-30%(以所说基质总重量计),单体(a)和(b)在所说基质上形成侧链,所说共聚物至少25%可被生物降解。
2、如权利要求1所述的接枝共聚物,其中所说的酸官能单体选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、马来酸、衣康酸、巴豆酸、乙烯基乙酸、丙烯酰氧基丙酸及其组合。
3、如权利要求1所述的接枝共聚物,其中所说的可与(a)共聚的单烯属不饱和单体选自丙烯酸烷基酯和甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、丙烯酸羟烷基酯和甲基丙烯酸羟烷基酯、丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺以及N-取代的酰胺、苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯基酯、乙烯基醚、丙烯腈及其组合。
4、如权利要求1所述的接枝共聚物,其中所说的基质选自以环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧氧丁烷或其组合为基础的聚合物。
5、如权利要求1所述的接枝共聚物,其中所说的酸官能单体为丙烯酸。
6、如权利要求1所述的接枝共聚物,其中所说的基质为聚环氧乙烷。
7、一种清洗组合物,它包括权利要求1的共聚物和一种惰性稀释剂,其中所说的共聚物是以有效剂量出现,起着洗涤助洗剂或抗结壳剂的作用。
8、如权利要求7所述的清洗组合物,其中共聚物为洗涤助洗剂,它在组合物中的重量百分数为5-50%。
9、如权利要求7所述的清洗组合物,其中共聚物为抗结壳剂,它在组合物中的重量百分数为1-10%。
10、如权利要求7所述的清洗组合物,其中所述的组合物为一液体,所说的惰性稀释剂为水。
11、如权利要求7所述的清洗组合物,其中所说的组合物为粉末,所说惰性稀释剂选自硫酸钠、氯化钠和硼酸钠。
12、如权利要求1所述的清洗组合物作为洗衣洗涤剂的应用。
13、权利要求7清洗组合物作为硬质表面清洗剂的应用。
14、一种水处理组合物,它包括权利要求1的共聚物和一种惰性稀释剂,其中所说共聚物的浓度为20-60%(按所述组合物的总重量计)。
15、权利要求14的组合物在水系统中作为分散剂的应用。
16、权利要求14组合物作为结壳抑制剂的应用。
17、权利要求14的水处理组合物,其中所说的惰性稀释剂为水。
18、权利要求1的共聚物在水溶性系统中作为分散剂的应用。
19、权利要求1的共聚物作为结壳抑制剂的应用。
20、制造具有助洗、分散和极限抑制性的可生物降解水溶性接枝共聚物的方法,它包括:
将(a)一种酸官能单体和(b)0-35%(按所说基质总重量计)的一种或多种能与所说酸官能单体共聚的水溶性单烯属不饱和单体接枝到一种可生物降解基质,其中所说基质系选自聚氯化烯、聚烷氧基化物及其混合物,所说基质与所说酸官能单体(a)的重量比约为1∶20-5∶1;
在所说基质上形成单体(a)和(b)聚合单元的侧链,其中所说共聚物至少25%可被生物降解。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US441122 | 1982-11-12 | ||
US44112289A | 1989-11-22 | 1989-11-22 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN93106490A Division CN1083492A (zh) | 1989-11-22 | 1993-05-31 | 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1051916A true CN1051916A (zh) | 1991-06-05 |
Family
ID=23751615
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN90109353A Pending CN1051916A (zh) | 1989-11-22 | 1990-11-22 | 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 |
CN93106490A Pending CN1083492A (zh) | 1989-11-22 | 1993-05-31 | 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN93106490A Pending CN1083492A (zh) | 1989-11-22 | 1993-05-31 | 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 |
Country Status (25)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5318719A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0429307B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH03177406A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR910009775A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1051916A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE137774T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU648998B2 (zh) |
BG (1) | BG93297A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9005895A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2029631A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69026908T2 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG19371A (zh) |
FI (1) | FI905754A (zh) |
HU (1) | HU209731B (zh) |
IE (1) | IE904217A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL96410A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX173435B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO905015L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ236171A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL164416B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT95966A (zh) |
TR (1) | TR26387A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW209238B (zh) |
YU (1) | YU222790A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA909329B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (88)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5368766A (en) * | 1989-05-18 | 1994-11-29 | Colgate Palmolive Co. | Linear viscoelastic aqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent composition |
US5217798A (en) * | 1991-05-07 | 1993-06-08 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Water sensitive hot melt adhesives for nonwoven applications |
GB9120653D0 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1991-11-06 | Procter & Gamble | Dispensing agent |
US5254268A (en) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-10-19 | Rohm And Haas Company | Anti-static rinse added fabric softener |
US5268437A (en) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-12-07 | Rohm And Haas Company | High temperature aqueous polymerization process |
WO1994025556A1 (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-11-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid or granular automatic dishwashing detergent compositions |
EP0694059B1 (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1999-01-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid or granular automatic dishwashing detergent compositions |
EP0639592A1 (en) * | 1993-08-18 | 1995-02-22 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble graft polymers and production process thereof |
GB9322806D0 (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1993-12-22 | Dow Europ Sa | Aqueous alkaline composition |
DE4343993A1 (de) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-06-29 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Pfropf-Copolymerisate von ungesättigten Monomeren und Polyhydroxyverbindungen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
US5733856A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1998-03-31 | Basf Corporation | Detergency boosting polymer blends as additives for laundry formulations |
DE4424818A1 (de) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-18 | Basf Ag | Niederviskose Mischungen aus amphiphilen nicht-ionischen Pfropfcopolymeren und viskositätserniedrigenden Zusätzen |
US5574004A (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-11-12 | Church & Dwight Co., Inc. | Carbonate built non-bleaching laundry detergent composition containing a polymeric polycarboxylate and a zinc salt |
JP2918798B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-03 | 1999-07-12 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 水溶性グラフト重合体、その製法および用途 |
EP0754712B1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2002-01-16 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble polymer, process for producing the same, and detergent composition comprising water-soluble polymer |
JP2918799B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-07 | 1999-07-12 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 水溶性グラフト重合体、その製造方法及び用途 |
US5750483A (en) | 1995-12-06 | 1998-05-12 | Basf Corporation | Non-phosphate machine dishwashing compositions containing polycarboxylate polymers and nonionic graft copolymers of vinyl acetate and polyalkylene oxide |
GB9603582D0 (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1996-04-17 | Hewlett Packard Co | Method of accessing service resource items that are for use in a telecommunications system |
US6069890A (en) | 1996-06-26 | 2000-05-30 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Internet telephone service |
US6154445A (en) | 1996-04-18 | 2000-11-28 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Telephony communication via varied redundant networks |
JP3264837B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-23 | 2002-03-11 | 花王株式会社 | 濃厚系液体洗浄剤組成物 |
US6078582A (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2000-06-20 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Internet long distance telephone service |
US6210600B1 (en) | 1996-12-23 | 2001-04-03 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Rinse aid compositions containing scale inhibiting polymers |
JP3980691B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-27 | 2007-09-26 | 株式会社日本触媒 | スケール防止剤およびそれを用いたスケール防止方法 |
US6166149A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 2000-12-26 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Hydrophilic graft polymer, production process therefor, composition containing the polymer, and use thereof |
JP3088085B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-27 | 2000-09-18 | 株式会社日本触媒 | スケール防止剤 |
JPH1180288A (ja) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-26 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 親水性グラフト重合体含有組成物およびその用途 |
US6137869A (en) | 1997-09-16 | 2000-10-24 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Network session management |
US6574216B1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 2003-06-03 | Verizon Services Corp. | Packet data network voice call quality monitoring |
US6292479B1 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2001-09-18 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Transport of caller identification information through diverse communication networks |
US6870827B1 (en) | 1997-03-19 | 2005-03-22 | Verizon Services Corp. | Voice call alternative routing through PSTN and internet networks |
CA2236605A1 (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1998-11-09 | Yves Duccini | Scale inhibitors |
JP4116706B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-01 | 2008-07-09 | 株式会社日本触媒 | セメント添加剤とそれに用いる親水性グラフト重合体の製造方法 |
FR2774694B1 (fr) * | 1998-01-19 | 2003-08-08 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Utilisation de copolymeres a base d'acides insatures ou leurs derives comme agents exhausteurs de mousse |
JP3325830B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-30 | 2002-09-17 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 漂白剤組成物 |
DE19814739A1 (de) * | 1998-04-02 | 1999-10-07 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Polyalkylenoxid-haltigen Pfropfpolymerisaten als Solubilisatoren |
FR2779435B1 (fr) | 1998-06-03 | 2005-03-11 | Atochem Elf Sa | Polyacrylates a biodegradabilite amelioree |
JP3983398B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-09 | 2007-09-26 | 花王株式会社 | 洗浄性向上剤 |
WO2000059958A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-12 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Copolymere reticule d'acide carboxylique insature et son procede de production, copolymere d'acide carboxylique insature, adjuvant biodegradable, et composition detergente |
US6315835B1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-13 | Basf Corporation | Anti-spotting and anti-filming hard surface cleaning formulations and methods |
DE10042815A1 (de) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-14 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von gepfropften Polyalkylenoxiden als Vergrauungsinhibitoren beim Waschen |
DE10050958A1 (de) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-18 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von wasserlöslichen oder wasserdispergierbaren Polyetherblöcken enthaltenden Pfropfpolymerisaten als Beschichtungs- und Verpackungsmittel für Wasch-, Reinigungs- und Wäschebehandlungsmitte |
US6500897B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-12-31 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Modified biodegradable compositions and a reactive-extrusion process to make the same |
US6552124B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2003-04-22 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of making a polymer blend composition by reactive extrusion |
US7053151B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2006-05-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Grafted biodegradable polymer blend compositions |
US6835708B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2004-12-28 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Graft polymer composition and its production process and uses |
US6890989B2 (en) | 2001-03-12 | 2005-05-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Water-responsive biodegradable polymer compositions and method of making same |
KR100566911B1 (ko) * | 2001-06-25 | 2006-04-03 | 주식회사 삼양사 | 약물 전달체용 음이온기-함유 양친성 블록 공중합체 및 그의 양이온성 약물과의 복합체 |
JP4822639B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-26 | 2011-11-24 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 組成物 |
DE10150190A1 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Tr Oil Services Aberdeen | Verfahren zur Verringerung oder zur vollständigen Einstellung von Wasserzuflüssen bei einer unterirdischen Formation, und vernetzbare Copolymere zu dessen Durchführung |
DE10206596A1 (de) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-28 | Basf Ag | Pfropfcopolymere in kosmetischen Formulierungen |
US20030232088A1 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-18 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Materials with both bioadhesive and biodegradable components |
US7037983B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2006-05-02 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Methods of making functional biodegradable polymers |
JP3914513B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-08 | 2007-05-16 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 重合体混合物およびその製造方法 |
DE10342862A1 (de) * | 2003-09-15 | 2005-04-21 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von polyvinylamin- und/oder polyvinylamidhaltigen Polymeren zur Geruchsverhinderung beim maschinellen Geschirrspülen |
CN101084298A (zh) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-12-05 | 宝洁公司 | 用于改善疏水性污垢清洁效果的亲水改性的多羟基化合物 |
CA2590434A1 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hydrophobically modified polyols for improved hydrophobic soil cleaning |
JP5041679B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-06 | 2012-10-03 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 水溶性重合体、その製造方法及び用途 |
DE102005026522B4 (de) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-04-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Verstärkung der Reinigungsleistung von Waschmitteln durch Polymer |
JP5105094B2 (ja) | 2006-05-22 | 2012-12-19 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 分散剤 |
MX2008014819A (es) * | 2006-05-31 | 2008-12-01 | Basf Se | Polimeros de injerto anfifilicos basados en oxidos de polialquileno y esteres de vinilo. |
JP5189982B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-14 | 2013-04-24 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 親水性グラフト重合体 |
EP2014755B1 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2012-03-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of cleaning dishware |
JP5275588B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-01 | 2013-08-28 | 花王株式会社 | 高分子ビルダー |
JP5524077B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-04 | 2014-06-18 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | グリコシル加水分解酵素を含む洗濯洗剤組成物 |
JP5281420B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-20 | 2013-09-04 | 花王株式会社 | 硬質表面用液体洗浄剤組成物 |
EP2228426A1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-15 | Rohm and Haas Company | Scale-reducing additive for automatic dishwashing systems |
US8238538B2 (en) | 2009-05-28 | 2012-08-07 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Stateful home phone service |
US20110049052A1 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2011-03-03 | Hirsch Keith A | Method for inhibiting the deposition of silica and/or silicate compounds in aqueous systems |
US20110126858A1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-02 | Xinbei Song | Method for rinsing cleaned dishware |
JP2015518059A (ja) | 2012-03-09 | 2015-06-25 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブルカンパニー | 広い極性分布を有するグラフトポリマーを含む洗剤組成物 |
US10053597B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2018-08-21 | Basf Se | Acrylic dispersion-based coating compositions |
BR112015032613B1 (pt) * | 2013-07-03 | 2020-11-24 | Basf Se | Uso de uma composiçao de polimero na forma de gel, e, metodo para limpeza de louqa em maquina |
WO2021160795A1 (en) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-08-19 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers |
JP2024523345A (ja) | 2021-06-18 | 2024-06-28 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 生分解性グラフトポリマー |
AU2022327577A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2024-02-22 | Basf Se | Agrochemical composition |
MX2024001854A (es) | 2021-08-12 | 2024-02-29 | Basf Se | Polimeros de injerto biodegradables para la inhibicion de la transferencia de tintura. |
EP4134421A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition comprising detersive surfactant and graft polymer |
MX2024001863A (es) | 2021-08-12 | 2024-03-01 | Basf Se | Polimeros de injerto biodegradables. |
EP4134420A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition comprising detersive surfactant and biodegradable graft polymers |
JP2024531187A (ja) | 2021-08-12 | 2024-08-29 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 生分解性グラフトポリマー |
WO2024017797A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2024-01-25 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers useful for dye transfer inhibition |
WO2024126271A1 (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers, their production, and their use in agrochemical formulations |
WO2024126268A1 (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers for dye transfer inhibition |
WO2024126270A1 (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-20 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers as dye transfer inhibitors |
EP4386020A1 (en) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-19 | Basf Se | Biodegradable graft polymers for dye transfer inhibition |
WO2024177870A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 | 2024-08-29 | Rohm And Haas Company | Detergent formulation |
WO2024177869A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 | 2024-08-29 | Rohm And Haas Company | Dispersant hydrophilic block copolymer |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3546321A (en) * | 1967-02-08 | 1970-12-08 | Hercules Inc | Polyether graft copolymers |
CA932942A (en) * | 1968-11-01 | 1973-09-04 | Oil Base | Noncorroding water base drilling fluids and additive system for making same |
CA1133504A (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1982-10-12 | Robert J. Knopf | Carboxylated polyalkylene oxides |
US4314044A (en) * | 1979-01-22 | 1982-02-02 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for preparing low molecular weight water-soluble polymers |
US4404114A (en) * | 1982-06-17 | 1983-09-13 | Union Carbide Corporation | Acrylate/silicate corrosion inhibitor |
ATE21109T1 (de) * | 1982-07-06 | 1986-08-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Wasserloesliche oder in wasser dispergierbare pfropfpolymerisate, deren herstellung und verwendung. |
US4528324A (en) * | 1982-11-01 | 1985-07-09 | General Electric Company | Process for producing RTV silicone rubber compositions using a devolatilizing extruder |
US4521615A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1985-06-04 | Olin Corporation | Preparation of carboxylic acid-containing monoether and polyether polyol addition products |
US4826618A (en) * | 1984-02-22 | 1989-05-02 | Diversey Corporation | Stable detergent emulsions |
US4705525A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-11-10 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers, process for their preparation and the use thereof |
DE3536530A1 (de) * | 1985-10-12 | 1987-04-23 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von pfropfcopolymerisaten aus polyalkylenoxiden und vinylacetat als vergrauungsinhibitoren beim waschen und nachbehandeln von synthesefasern enthaltendem textilgut |
US4874540A (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1989-10-17 | Ecolab Inc. | Graft copolymers of a polyether moiety on a polycarboxylate backbone |
US4745456A (en) * | 1986-09-11 | 1988-05-17 | Thermalloy Incorporated | Heat sink clip assembly |
DE3711318A1 (de) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-20 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von pfropfpolymerisaten auf basis von polyalkylenoxiden als vergrauungsinhibitoren beim waschen und nachbehandeln von synthesefasern enthaltendem textilgut |
DE3711319A1 (de) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-20 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von pfropfpolymerisaten auf basis von polyalkylenoxiden als vergrauungsinhibitoren beim waschen und nachbehandeln von synthesefasern enthaltendem textilgut |
DE3711296A1 (de) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-13 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von alkoxylierten, carboxylgruppen enthaltenden polymerisaten in waschmitteln |
DE3711298A1 (de) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-13 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von propfpolymerisaten auf basis von polyalkylenoxiden als vergrauungsinhibitoren beim waschen und nachbehandeln von synthesefasern enthaltendem textilgut |
GB8813978D0 (en) * | 1988-06-13 | 1988-07-20 | Unilever Plc | Liquid detergents |
US5049302A (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1991-09-17 | Basf Corporation | Stable liquid detergent compositions with enchanced clay soil detergency and anti-redeposition properties |
US4908150A (en) * | 1989-02-02 | 1990-03-13 | Lever Brothers Company | Stabilized lipolytic enzyme-containing liquid detergent composition |
US4999869A (en) * | 1989-10-05 | 1991-03-19 | Basf Corporation | Pre-treating textiles with dispersions of graft polymers based on polyalkylene oxides to impart soil release properties thereto |
DE3934184A1 (de) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-04-18 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von wasserloeslichen oder in wasser dispergierbaren polymerisaten, die mit einem oxidationsmittel behandelt wurden, als zusatz zu waschmitteln und reinigungsmitteln |
US4970005A (en) * | 1990-06-01 | 1990-11-13 | Arco Chemical Technology, Inc. | Method for treatment of wastewater containing polyether polyols |
-
1990
- 1990-11-09 CA CA002029631A patent/CA2029631A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-11-15 MX MX023353A patent/MX173435B/es unknown
- 1990-11-20 IL IL9641090A patent/IL96410A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-20 NO NO90905015A patent/NO905015L/no unknown
- 1990-11-21 DE DE69026908T patent/DE69026908T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-21 ZA ZA909329A patent/ZA909329B/xx unknown
- 1990-11-21 FI FI905754A patent/FI905754A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-21 IE IE421790A patent/IE904217A1/en unknown
- 1990-11-21 BR BR909005895A patent/BR9005895A/pt unknown
- 1990-11-21 EP EP90312699A patent/EP0429307B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-21 AT AT90312699T patent/ATE137774T1/de active
- 1990-11-21 EG EG69690A patent/EG19371A/xx active
- 1990-11-21 TR TR90/1115A patent/TR26387A/xx unknown
- 1990-11-21 NZ NZ236171A patent/NZ236171A/xx unknown
- 1990-11-21 HU HU907232A patent/HU209731B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-22 JP JP2320595A patent/JPH03177406A/ja active Pending
- 1990-11-22 CN CN90109353A patent/CN1051916A/zh active Pending
- 1990-11-22 PL PL90287877A patent/PL164416B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-22 AU AU66829/90A patent/AU648998B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-11-22 BG BG093297A patent/BG93297A/bg unknown
- 1990-11-22 KR KR1019900018938A patent/KR910009775A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-22 PT PT95966A patent/PT95966A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-22 YU YU222790A patent/YU222790A/sh unknown
- 1990-11-22 TW TW079109872A patent/TW209238B/zh active
-
1991
- 1991-11-12 US US07/790,945 patent/US5318719A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-05-31 CN CN93106490A patent/CN1083492A/zh active Pending
-
1994
- 1994-03-18 US US08/210,524 patent/US5420211A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1051916A (zh) | 可生物降解的共聚物的制备 | |
CN1074772C (zh) | 制备低分子量聚合物的水相法 | |
CN1048259C (zh) | 不饱和单体和糖类的接枝共聚物,它们的生产方法及其应用 | |
CN1048278C (zh) | 可生物降解的共聚物,其生产方法及应用 | |
CN102292428B (zh) | 羟基羧酸铝助洗剂的开发 | |
CN1246353C (zh) | 聚合物组合物和一种从使用该聚合物的织物上促使污渍去除的方法 | |
TW294679B (zh) | ||
CN1197947C (zh) | 碱性固体块组合物 | |
CN1041099C (zh) | 制备氨基酸聚合物的酸催化方法 | |
CN1065276A (zh) | 衣康酸聚合方法 | |
CN87101761A (zh) | 洗涤助洗剂系列 | |
JPH05247143A (ja) | モノエチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸のホモポリマーおよびコポリマーの製造方法およびそれからなる洗剤添加剤および食器用洗剤添加剤 | |
CN1916031A (zh) | 杂化共聚物 | |
MXPA97008558A (en) | Soluble copolymers in water, a process for your production and your | |
JPH04505630A (ja) | ポリアルキレンオキシドブロック含有のモノマーを重合導入して含有するコポリマー、その製造およびその使用 | |
CN1154137A (zh) | 包含用作污垢分散剂的乙氧基化/丙氧基化聚亚烷基胺聚合物的组合物 | |
CN1190408A (zh) | 水溶性共聚物及其生产方法和应用 | |
JP2010132814A (ja) | ポリアルキレングリコール系化合物とその製造方法ならびにその用途 | |
CN1059930A (zh) | 洗涤剂组合物 | |
EP1580201B2 (en) | Aqueous treatment compositions and polymers for use therein | |
US5496495A (en) | Detergent formulations free of phosphates, zeolites and crystalline layered silicates | |
CN1166181A (zh) | 洗涤方法及洗涤剂组合物 | |
CN1950493A (zh) | 具有n-杂环基的共聚物及其作为洗涤剂中添加剂的用途 | |
JP2002060433A (ja) | 新規水溶性共重合体とその製造方法、用途 | |
JP2012057096A (ja) | ポリアルキレングリコール系重合体及びその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |