CN104446708A - Microbial fertilizer as well as preparation method and purpose thereof - Google Patents
Microbial fertilizer as well as preparation method and purpose thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446708A CN104446708A CN201410735385.6A CN201410735385A CN104446708A CN 104446708 A CN104446708 A CN 104446708A CN 201410735385 A CN201410735385 A CN 201410735385A CN 104446708 A CN104446708 A CN 104446708A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a microbial fertilizer as well as a preparation method and a purpose thereof and belongs to the field of fertilizers. The microbial fertilizer is prepared from the following strains, additive and carrier according to the following weight ratio, wherein the strains are at least three of 0.5-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.3-4 parts of bacillus megaterium, 0.5-3 parts of silicate bacterium, 0.2-3 parts of streptomyces, 0.3-5 parts of aeruginosa and 0.1-3 parts of Escherichia; the additive is one of brown sugar, molasses and sucrose, accounting for 0.2-5 parts; the carrier is an organic matter carrier or an aqueous solvent carrier, accounting for 72-97.9 parts. The microbial fertilizer is capable of increasing the utilization ratio of soil nutrient, improving the disease resistance of crops, reducing occurrence of diseases, increasing the yield of the crops and lowering the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial-bacterial fertilizer and its production and use, belong to Crop fertilizer field.
Background technology
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer is developed according to soil micro-ecosystem principle, Plant Nutrition principle and the key concept in modern times " Organic farming ".Microbial fertilizer causes crop to obtain a kind of goods of specific fertilizer effect with the vital movement of microorganism, is the one using fertilizer in agriculture production.
Soil forms primarily of mineral substance, organic matter and microorganism three parts, and the microbic activity size of soil micro-ecosystem fauna is extremely important to plant root nutrition, because the beneficial microorganism in soil participates in the formation of soil fertility directly.Comprise the formation Sum decomposition, the release of nutrient, the fixing of nitrogen etc. of the conversion of matter and energy in soil, humic acid, under simple state of nature, quantity of useful microbe is inadequate, and reactive force is also limited.Just there is the concept of microbial-bacterial fertilizer in this.
In microbial-bacterial fertilizer, microorganism is containing a large amount of vinelandii after breeding again, greatly can improve the medium trace element content in soil, reduces the amount of application of N P and K and other medium trace element; Simultaneously containing multiple high-efficiency activated beneficial microorganism bacterium, increase the soil organism, accelerate organic matter degradation and be converted into the absorbent nutritive substance of crop, greatly increase soil fertility, reduce fertilizer amount.Adopt microbial-bacterial fertilizer not only just to reduce fertilizer amount, and microbial-bacterial fertilizer effect of increasing production is obvious, the soil that reconstruct is healthy, improve crop opposing disease and pest, Promoting plant growth is grown, and improves anti-adversity ability, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, reduce greenhouse gas emission.So become a new trend to the research of microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and its production and use.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The invention provides a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, it is prepared from by the bacterial classification of following weight parts proportioning, auxiliary agent and carrier:
Described bacterial classification is selected from least three kinds in following bacterial classification: subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part, silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part, streptomycete 0.2 ~ 3 weight part, pseudomonas 0.3 ~ 5 weight part or Escherichia 0.1 ~ 3 weight part;
Described auxiliary agent is the one in brown sugar, molasses or sucrose, accounts for 0.2 ~ 5 weight part;
Described carrier is organic matter carrier or aqueous solution type carrier, account for 72 ~ 97.9 weight parts, described organic matter carrier is at least two kinds in humic acid (potassium, sodium), xanthohumic acid, aminoacids complex, activated carbon, careless carbon, vegetable polysaccharides, vegetable-protein, the bacterium slag become thoroughly decomposed or the organic materials become thoroughly decomposed; Described aqueous solution type carrier is the mixture of xanthohumic acid and water, and the weight ratio of xanthohumic acid and water is: 1 ︰ 4 ~ 5.
Further, preferred described bacterial classification is at least three kinds in subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part and silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part, streptomycete 0.2 ~ 3 weight part, pseudomonas 0.3 ~ 5 weight part.
Preferred, described bacterial classification is subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part and silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part.
Preferably, described auxiliary agent is brown sugar or molasses.
Preferably, described carrier is organic matter carrier, and it consists of: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 10 ~ 20 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 20 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed.
Preferred, consisting of of described organic matter carrier: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 12 ~ 15 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 15 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed.
The described organic materials become thoroughly decomposed is the one in the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed, the soybean cake dregs become thoroughly decomposed or sugared slag.Generally.
Preferably, in microbial-bacterial fertilizer, described bacterial classification is for getting subtilis 2 weight part, bacillus megaterium 1 weight part, silicate bacteria 0.5 weight part; Described auxiliary agent is brown sugar 3 weight part; Described carrier is xanthohumic acid 15 weight part, aminoacids complex 10 weight part and humus organic material material 78.5 weight part, and wherein, described humus organic material material is the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed.
In the present invention, described silicate bacteria comprises bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus circulans; Preferred bacillusmusilaginosiengineering.Described streptomycete comprises streptomyces microflavus, white yellow streptomycete; Preferred streptomyces microflavus.Described pseudomonas comprises fluorescent pseudomonas, green pin pseudomonas; Preferred fluorescent pseudomonas.
The preparation method of microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention is as follows: measure bacterial classification, auxiliary agent and carrier by above-mentioned weight proportion, mixes, and place cultivation 12 ~ 48h, period suitably turns over and pushes away 1-2 time, preferably places and cultivates 30h, then sieve, just obtain powdery microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
The application of microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention on farm crop, using method is as follows: when microbial-bacterial fertilizer is solid preparation, adopts base to execute or the method for spreading manuer in holes is used, and when base is executed, consumption is 20 ~ 50Kg/ mu, and the amount of spreading manuer in holes is 20 ~ 40Kg/ mu; When microbial-bacterial fertilizer is liquid preparation, adopt the method spraying or irrigate to use, the amount sprayed is 0.2 ~ 0.5Kg/ mu, and the amount of irrigation is 2 ~ 5Kg/ mu.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has:
1, microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention can phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, fixed nitrogen, improve the utilization ratio of soil nutrient, increase the fertility of soil.
2, microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention can improve the disease resistance of farm crop, reduces the generation of disease, improves the output of farm crop, reduces production cost.
3, the production method of microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention is simple, easy to operate.
Gained microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention can adapt to general field crop and use, also the feature of booth vegetable height salt, acidity, high temperature is applicable to, active strong, effectively can improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, reduce organic pesticide to the pollution of soil, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote plant growth, save fertilizer application amount.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, it is prepared from by the bacterial classification of following weight parts proportioning, auxiliary agent and carrier:
Described bacterial classification is selected from least three kinds in following bacterial classification: subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part, silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part, streptomycete 0.2 ~ 3 weight part, pseudomonas 0.3 ~ 5 weight part or Escherichia 0.1 ~ 3 weight part;
Described auxiliary agent is the one in brown sugar, molasses or sucrose, accounts for 0.2 ~ 5 weight part;
Described carrier is organic matter carrier or aqueous solution type carrier, account for 72 ~ 97.9 weight parts, described organic matter carrier is at least two kinds in humic acid (potassium, sodium), xanthohumic acid, aminoacids complex, activated carbon, careless carbon, vegetable polysaccharides, vegetable-protein, the bacterium slag become thoroughly decomposed or the organic materials become thoroughly decomposed; Described aqueous solution type carrier is the mixture of xanthohumic acid and water, and the weight ratio of xanthohumic acid and water is: 1 ︰ 4 ~ 5.In the present invention, when taking organic substance as carrier, gained microbial-bacterial fertilizer is solid powder, with aqueous solution type carrier for during carrier for aqua..
Preferably, described carrier is organic matter carrier, and it consists of: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 10 ~ 20 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 20 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed; This carrier is as the carrier of solid dosage.
Preferred, consisting of of described organic matter carrier: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 12 ~ 15 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 15 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed; This carrier also can be used as the carrier of solid dosage.
The described organic materials become thoroughly decomposed is the one in the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed, the soybean cake dregs become thoroughly decomposed or sugared slag.Generally.
In the present invention, described in the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed refer to it is animal, plant, microorganism become thoroughly decomposed thing and the secretory product thereof of residual body, these organic substances, generally all contain abundant carbon, and itself is also one of the energy derive of animal, plant, microorganism.The difficult decomposing organic matters such as referring to stem, leaf, stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed rots into the process of effective nutriment in a fertilizer and soil ulmin through fermenting, not labile organism (as fecaluria, stalk, fallen leaves, weeds) decomposes through the fermentation of microorganism, produce effective nutriment in a fertilizer, also form soil ulmin simultaneously.
In the present invention, aminoacids complex has broad variety, and raw material mainly divides plant type and animal-type, and plant type aminoacids complex, extracts from plant for raw material with natural high-protein plant, and separation multiple amino acids is refining to be formed; Animal-type aminoacids complex is with various high protein animal body for raw material, and after fermentable, acid and alkali hydrolysis process, spraying dry processes; The main formulation of aminoacids complex has the formulations such as 8 seed amino acid compounds, 18 seed amino acid compounds, 22 seed amino acid compounds.In the present invention, aminoacids complex preferably adopts commercially available aminoacids complex, or adopt prior art to ferment to amino acid, the product obtained, such as can adopt with the following method: after utilizing peat, brown coal etc. to be separated, produce after fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed again, rich amino acids, containing aminoacids complexs such as Gelucystine, tyrosine, Serines.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described, does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
The preparation of embodiment 1 microbial-bacterial fertilizer
Get subtilis 2g, bacillus megaterium 1g, silicate bacteria 0.5g forms composite bacteria, mix with 3 grams of brown sugar, 15g xanthohumic acid, 10g aminoacids complexs, then mix with the chicken manure 68.5g become thoroughly decomposed, place cultivation after 30 hours, obtain microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Three bacterial classifications in microbial-bacterial fertilizer after measured, living bacteria count 3.1 hundred million/gram, organic matter reaches more than 45%, and moisture content is 25.5%.
The preparation of embodiment 2 microbial-bacterial fertilizer
Get subtilis 0.5g, bacillus megaterium 4g, silicate bacteria 0.5g forms composite bacteria, mix with 2 grams of sucrose, 10g xanthohumic acid, 15g aminoacids complexs, then mix with the stalk 68g become thoroughly decomposed, place cultivation after 30 hours, obtain microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Three bacterial classifications in microbial-bacterial fertilizer after measured, living bacteria count 3.0 hundred million/gram, organic matter reaches more than 46%, and moisture content is 22.3%.
The preparation of embodiment 3 microbial-bacterial fertilizer
Get subtilis 5g, bacillus megaterium 0.3g, silicate bacteria 3g forms composite bacteria, with 2.5 grams of molasses, 10g xanthohumic acid, mix with the grouts powder 79.2g become thoroughly decomposed again, place cultivation after 30 hours, obtain microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
Three bacterial classifications in microbial-bacterial fertilizer after measured, living bacteria count 3.8 hundred million/gram, organic matter reaches more than 48.2%, and moisture content is 25.7%.
The preparation of embodiment 4 ~ 12 microbial-bacterial fertilizer
With reference to the method for embodiment 1, implement embodiment 4 ~ 12; Each parameter of embodiment 4 ~ 12 is in table 1:
Each parameter in table 1 embodiment 4 ~ 12
The source of aminoacids complex is in table 2:
The source of table 2 aminoacids complex
Table 3 biological bacteria and other material sources
Test of pesticide effectiveness part:
The test of pesticide effectiveness-celery
Select a celery planting base, its soil is in acid, application of organic fertilizers every year, but output is not obvious, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer, conventional fertilizer and the clear water that now use the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 to prepare are tested as blank group, this booth is divided into 11 deciles, namely 11 communities are set, label is 1 ~ 11 respectively, and each plot area is 30 square metres, and microbial-bacterial fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 is used in community 1 ~ 9, each community label is corresponding with embodiment numbering, conventional fertilizer is used in community 10, and community 11 is blank group, uses clear water.Except blank, every community consumption is by 20 kilograms every mu, and 1000 grams, every community, uses before planting.
Testing soil fertility after 1 month, the test result of soil fertility is in table 4.
The test result of table 4 soil fertility
As can be seen from Table 4, the more conventional fertilizer of microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention, blank group soil fertility improve a lot.Each parameter lowest percentage that blank group improves compared with 11: organic matter 47.43%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 60.13%, soil available phosphorus 43.14%, available potassium in soils 42.07%; The lowest percentage that each parameter improves compared with 10 control groups: organic matter 23.66%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 35.29%, soil available phosphorus 26.80%, available potassium in soils 30.38%; Diseased plant rate comparatively No. 10 Routine control groups at least reduces by 43.2%, and comparatively 11 blanks reduce by 43.8%.
The test of pesticide effectiveness-oranges and tangerines
Select an oranges and tangerines planting base, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer, conventional fertilizer and the clear water that now use the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 to prepare are tested as blank group, this planting base is divided into 11 deciles, namely arranges 11 each communities, label is 1 ~ 9 respectively, microbial-bacterial fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 9 is used in community 1 ~ 9, each community label is corresponding with embodiment numbering, and conventional fertilizer is used in community 10, and community 11 is blank group, use clear water, 5 trees are selected in each community.No. 1-9 of fertilising, consumption uses 0.8 kilogram by every, ditches and use before oranges and tangerines flowering period, then blinding.
When oranges and tangerines are gathered, measure the weight of oranges and tangerines in table 5.
The weight of table 5 each community oranges and tangerines
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention has outstanding effect on raising product production as can be seen from Table 5.
Claims (10)
1. microbial-bacterial fertilizer, is characterized in that: it is prepared from by the bacterial classification of following weight parts proportioning, auxiliary agent and carrier:
Described bacterial classification is selected from least three kinds in following bacterial classification: subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part, silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part, streptomycete 0.2 ~ 3 weight part, pseudomonas 0.3 ~ 5 weight part or Escherichia 0.1 ~ 3 weight part;
Described auxiliary agent is the one in brown sugar, molasses or sucrose, accounts for 0.2 ~ 5 weight part;
Described carrier is organic matter carrier or aqueous solution type carrier, account for 72 ~ 97.9 weight parts, described organic matter carrier be humic acid, xanthohumic acid, aminoacids complex, activated carbon, the peat composed of rotten mosses, the bacterium slag become thoroughly decomposed, vegetable polysaccharides, in the organic materials become thoroughly decomposed or vegetable-protein at least two kinds; Described aqueous solution type carrier is the mixture of xanthohumic acid and water, and the weight ratio of xanthohumic acid and water is: 1 ︰ 4 ~ 5.
2. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bacterial classification is subtilis 0.5 ~ 5 weight part, bacillus megaterium 0.3 ~ 4 weight part and silicate bacteria 0.5 ~ 3 weight part.
3. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described auxiliary agent is brown sugar or molasses.
4. the microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described carrier is organic matter carrier, and it consists of: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 10 ~ 20 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 20 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed.
5. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: consisting of of described carrier: the organic materials that 5 ~ 30 weight part xanthohumic acids, 12 ~ 15 weight part humic acid, 10 ~ 15 weight part aminoacids complexs and 45 ~ 80 weight parts become thoroughly decomposed.
6. the microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described in the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed be one in the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk become thoroughly decomposed, the soybean cake dregs become thoroughly decomposed or sugared slag.
7. microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in microbial-bacterial fertilizer, and described bacterial classification is subtilis 2 weight part, bacillus megaterium 1 weight part, silicate bacteria 0.5 weight part; Described auxiliary agent is brown sugar 3 weight part; Organic materials 78.5 weight part that described carrier is xanthohumic acid 15 weight part, aminoacids complex 10 weight part and becomes thoroughly decomposed, wherein, described in the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed be the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed.
8. the microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that: described silicate bacteria comprises bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, Bacillus circulans, is preferably bacillusmusilaginosiengineering; Described streptomycete comprises streptomyces microflavus, white yellow streptomycete, is preferably streptomyces microflavus; Described pseudomonas comprises fluorescent pseudomonas, green pin pseudomonas, is preferably fluorescent pseudomonas.
9. the preparation method of the microbial-bacterial fertilizer described in any one of claim 1 ~ 8, is characterized in that: measure bacterial classification, auxiliary agent and carrier by weight ratio, mixing, places cultivation 12 ~ 48h and makes its moisture content 20 ~ 30%; 30h is cultivated in preferred placement.
10. the application of microbial-bacterial fertilizer on farm crop, is characterized in that, using method is: when microbial-bacterial fertilizer is solid preparation, adopts base to execute or the method for spreading manuer in holes is used, and when base is executed, amount of application is 20 ~ 50Kg/ mu, and when spreading manuer in holes, amount of application is 20 ~ 40Kg/ mu; When microbial-bacterial fertilizer is liquid preparation, adopt the method spraying or irrigate to use, when spraying, amount of application is 0.2 ~ 0.5Kg/ mu, and during irrigation, amount of application is 2 ~ 5Kg/ mu; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is the microbial-bacterial fertilizer described in any one of claim 1 ~ 8, or for adopting the microbial-bacterial fertilizer that described in claim 9, method is obtained.
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| CN105218254A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-06 | 广西多得乐生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Microbial and ecological organic fertilizers material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105237133A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-01-13 | 安徽丰原马鞍山生物化学有限公司 | Amino acid organic/inorganic mixed fertilizer |
| CN105272769A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-01-27 | 潍坊泽宇生物科技有限公司 | Composite microbial straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105294345A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 山东郁茏生物科技有限公司 | Method for adjusting soil ecological validity |
| CN105347861A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-02-24 | 黑龙江棵乐农业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using industrial fermentation waste |
| CN106007824A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南泰谷生物科技股份有限公司 | Compound bacterial fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106995328A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-08-01 | 王锦雪 | For the happiness oxygen bacterial manure and its manufacture method of economic class crop |
| CN107556093A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-01-09 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of special hybrid bacterial strain microbial manure of solanaceous vegetables and preparation method thereof |
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