CN104396881A - Propylaea japonica artificial breeding, breed conservation and propagation production method - Google Patents
Propylaea japonica artificial breeding, breed conservation and propagation production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104396881A CN104396881A CN201410482538.0A CN201410482538A CN104396881A CN 104396881 A CN104396881 A CN 104396881A CN 201410482538 A CN201410482538 A CN 201410482538A CN 104396881 A CN104396881 A CN 104396881A
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- 241000042120 Propylea japonica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000255749 Coccinellidae Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000006677 Vicia faba Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010749 Vicia faba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002098 Vicia faba var. major Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000339445 Amblypneustes ovum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001294750 Pediobius foveolatus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001414720 Cicadellidae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001466042 Fulgoromorpha Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000266 injurious effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001498622 Cixius wagneri Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011981 development test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a propylaea japonica artificial breeding, breed conservation and propagation production method. According to the invention, a host plant species and an aphid large-amount breeding technology which are used in high-efficiency host aphid propagation are selected; propylaea japonica are bred according to four development stages which are an egg stage, a larva stage, a pupa stage and an adult stage; an appropriate breeding technology is adopted according to biological and ecological characteristics of propylaea japonica; breeding equipment is tested and developed, such that propagation efficiency is improved; propylaea japonica is trapped for spawning with physical and chemical methods, such that centralized collection and breeding is facilitated; breeding and storing conditions are determined through tests; and box packages are adopted for adults and paper bag packages are adopted for larvas and eggs, such that field release and popularization are facilitated. According to the invention, a key technology for propylaea japonica large-scale propagation by using live aphids is explored, and high-quality, high-efficiency and large scale propagation of propylaea japonica is realized. The propylaea japonica is used for controlling agricultural and forestry pests such as aphids, plant hoppers and leafhoppers, such that production needs can be satisfied.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to natural enemy insect artificial feeding field, be specifically related to a kind of Propylaea japonica artificial feeding, conservation and breeding production method.
Background technology:
Species of ladybirds is various, and mostly as the outstanding predator of agriculture and forestry injurious insect, the superiority of conservation and utilization natural enemy insect, controls agriculture and forestry injurious insect and caused concern that is ecological and Agricultural Scientist, more existing successful examples at home and abroad.In recent years, about the artificial feed of ladybug and make significant progress about the research of the aspect such as ecology, biological characteristic.But its scale and standardization breeding technology need perfect; larger problem is all there is in breeding facility, production in enormous quantities technological standards, packing and storing technology etc.; because which limit, outstanding natural enemy insect is in good time, a large amount of supply, can not meet the needs produced at present.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of high-quality, efficient, produce Propylaea japonica in enormous quantities, meet agricultural and to be correlated with the Propylaea japonica artificial feeding of needs of control of insect, conservation and breeding production method.
Propylaea japonica artificial feeding of the present invention, conservation and breeding production method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), aphid cultivating: raise aphid using bean plant as aphid host plant, choose full Broad Bean Seeds, plant in the soil of pallet, after bean plant germinates, move in dependent insect cage, the environment of dependent insect cage is: temperature 24-28 DEG C, relative moisture 50-75%, illumination 14 hours/day, when bean plant growing way is better, the plant of clip one containing aphid puts into the bean plant newly grown, inoculum concentration is the bean plant inoculation aphid of 1/10 quantity, when aphid covers with covering Fresh Plants 1/4, just can be used for raising Pediobius foveolatus and adult, period aphid too much or bean plant is withered time, timely cleaning aphid and replacing plant,
(2), ladybug is cultivated:
A. ovum period management: put into the bean plant blade with aphid in glass tube, be placed in the ladybug environment of sprouting wings containing mating again, on the blade that ladybug lays eggs in glass tube, collect the blade and vial of laying eggs, the vial of collection is placed in 24-28 DEG C, in the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 50-75%;
B. larva is raised in cages: 24-28 DEG C, in the insectary of relative moisture 50-75%, when aphid in dependent insect cage is covered with and covers Fresh Plants 1/4, be placed in pallet by adherent to the vial and blade that are loaded with Ladybird egg, after larvae hatch, the Aphed population on bean plant also increases gradually, and ladybug of leaving takes food growth, until aphid is taken food totally soon or bean plant is withered, then put into the bean plant of new inoculation aphid;
C. in pupa time: during ladybug 4 instar larvae, it is chosen in dependent insect cage and is placed in culture dish, and put into aphid and ensure that its foodstuff is abundant;
D. the emergence of adult: ladybug pupa is put into 24-28 DEG C, grows under the condition of relative moisture 50-75%, raises after emergence, and during raising, female-male proportion is 1:1, provides aphid to supplement the nutrients simultaneously, to guarantee that adult can normal growth and breeding, makes it lay eggs.
In whole artificial propagation process, can obtain the ovum of ladybug, larva and adult, adult can adopt box-packaged, larva, ovum paper bag type packaging.The refrigeration of Ladybird egg grain 14-17 DEG C, under relative moisture 55-75% condition, can the incubation period be extended.Grandis adults emergence refrigerated after 7-10 days under temperature 10 DEG C, relative moisture 55-75% condition, every 4 days of period feed hydromel supplement the nutrients, guarantee eclosion rate and survival rate.
Ladybug of the present invention is Propylaea japonica, and aphid is pea tail reparing aphid.
The present invention has the following advantages: host plant kind and the aphid of selecting efficient host egg aphid obtain technology in a large number; Propylaea japonica was raised by its ovum, larva, pupa and four developmental stage of adult by stages, ecological characteristics biological according to it and adopt suitable breeding technology; Development test breeding utensil, improves reproductive efficiency; Utilize physics and chemical method to lure collection ladybug to lay eggs, be convenient to centralized collection and cultivate; Test determines raising and condition of storage; Adult is box-packaged, and larva, ovum paper bag type packaging, be convenient to field adaptability and apply.Explore the key technology utilizing live body aphid to breed ladybug in enormous quantities, achieve high-quality, efficiently, in enormous quantities breed ladybug, for anti-to eliminate aphis, plant hopper closes the agriculture and forestry injurious insects such as leafhopper class, meets the needs of production.
The present invention utilizes artificial feeding and propagation technique to achieve natural enemy insect indoor feeding, conservation and breeding, can the outstanding natural enemy insect-Propylaea japonica of real-time, a large amount of supply, thus the weak point effectively made up in current natural enemy insect breeding production, provide theoretical foundation and technical support for China's biological control cause develops better.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of Propylaea japonica artificial feeding of the present invention, conservation and breeding production method.
Embodiment:
Following examples further illustrate of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
See Fig. 1, the step that Propylaea japonica is produced in the artificial feeding of the present embodiment, conservation and breeding is as follows:
The aphid of the present embodiment is pea tail reparing aphid, and ladybug is Propylaea japonica.
(1), aphid cultivating: raise aphid using bean plant as aphid host plant, choose full Broad Bean Seeds, plant in the soil of pallet, after bean plant germinates, move in aluminium alloy net dependent insect cage (55 × 40 × 40cm), the environment of dependent insect cage is: temperature 24-28 DEG C, relative moisture 50-75%, illumination 14 hours/day, when bean plant growing way is better, the plant of clip one containing aphid puts into the bean plant newly grown, aphid crawl on new host so that can shift, inoculum concentration is the bean plant of 1/10 quantity, the time of about 5-7 days, when aphid is covered with and covers Fresh Plants 1/4, just can be used for raising Pediobius foveolatus and adult, period aphid too much or bean plant is withered time, aphid to be cleared up in time and change plant,
(2), ladybug is cultivated:
A. ovum period management: ladybug pupa is put into 24-28 DEG C, grows under the condition of relative moisture 50-75%, raises after emergence, during raising, female-male proportion is 1:1, allow male and female ladybug have sufficient Mating opportunity, provide aphid to supplement the nutrients, to guarantee that adult can normal growth and breeding simultaneously.Then in glass tube, put into the bean plant blade with inoculation aphid, be placed in the above-mentioned ladybug environment containing sprouting wings again, ladybug starts to lay eggs after sprouting wings for 5-7 days, on the blade that ladybug lays eggs in glass tube, collect the blade and vial of laying eggs, the vial that every day collects is placed in 24-28 DEG C, in the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 50-75%;
B. larva is raised in cages: 24-28 DEG C, in the insectary of relative moisture 50-75%, when aphid in dependent insect cage is covered with and covers Fresh Plants 1/4, be placed in pallet by adherent to the vial and blade that are loaded with Ladybird egg, put 6 vials in general each pallet, after larvae hatch, Aphed population on bean plant also increases gradually, ladybug of leaving takes food growth, until aphid is taken food totally soon or bean plant is withered, then puts into the bean plant of new inoculation aphid;
C. pupa time: during ladybug 4 instar larvae (general transfixion is rolled up together), it is chosen in dependent insect cage and is placed in large plastic culture dish (15 × 150mm), approximately every 20, ware, and put into a small amount of aphid and ensure that its foodstuff is abundant.
D. the emergence of adult: ladybug pupa is put into 24-28 DEG C, grow under the condition of relative moisture 50-75%, raise after emergence, during raising, female-male proportion is 1:1, there is provided aphid to supplement the nutrients simultaneously, to guarantee that adult can normal growth and breeding, make it lay eggs, the collection of ovum can with reference to the ovum period management in step a.
(3), the refrigeration of product:
Ladybug emergence refrigerated after 10-12 days under temperature 10 DEG C, relative moisture 55-75% condition, every 4 days of period a feed hydromel or aphid supplement the nutrients, to guarantee survival rate.The refrigeration of Ladybird egg grain 14-17 DEG C, under relative moisture 55-75% condition, can the incubation period be extended.
(4), pack: the box-packaged release application of adult; Larva, ovum paper bag type packaging.
Realize the object of high-quality, breeding Propylaea japonica efficient, in enormous quantities thus.
Test executes 1: growing of Propylaea japonica
Individual each 10 of Propylaea japonica male and female are chosen in the dependent insect cage of the raising adult of embodiment 1, the glass tube that inoculation has the Broad Bean Leaves of aphid is put into by after male and female 1:1 pairing, with being positioned over climatic cabinate after the gauze seal glass mouth of pipe, (temperature is 25 ± 1 DEG C, humidity is 75% ± 5%, and illumination is L:D=14:10h) middle mate and oviposit.General Propylaea japonica mating started to lay eggs after 24 hours, now collect the glass tube producing and have ovum, record quantity of laying eggs, after random selecting 300 egg hatching, be divided into 15 groups, often organize 20 Propylaea japonica larvas, provide every day enough pea tail reparing aphid to ensure that ladybug has sufficient nutrition afterwards, then record growth and development state, follow the trail of development duration.
Table 1: Propylaea japonica development duration
Utilize statistical analysis software SPSS 21 to analyze experiment the data obtained, obtain mean value and standard error.Result shows (table 1), Propylaea japonica can be met with pea tail reparing aphid and complete development duration, and adult survival rate can ensure more than 90%, illustrate that this aphid is suitable for, the experimental technique adopted is fairly perfect, can carry out the artificial propagation of Propylaea japonica in conjunction with correlation technique of the present invention in indoor.
Test executes 2: the predation effect of male and female Propylaea japonica.
According to the Propylaea japonica that the method for embodiment 1 obtains, each 5 of male and female Propylaea japonica, carries out 24 hours Nature enemy, respectively by 10,20,30,50,80 pea tail reparing aphids that size is basically identical and 1 Propylaea japonica combination, put into culture dish (15 × 90mm).Put one deck filter paper in culture dish and connect two panels bean plant blade, culture dish being positioned in climatic cabinate (temperature is 25 ± 1 DEG C, and humidity is 75% ± 5%, and illumination is L:D=14:10h) simultaneously and testing.After process 24h, record examination worm death condition takes food situation, each process 10 repetition.
Table 2: the predatory number of Propylaea japonica under different aphid density
Utilize statistical analysis software SPSS 21 to analyze experiment the data obtained, obtain mean value and standard error.Table 2 result shows, male and female Propylaea japonica has good feeding effect to pea tail reparing aphid, but the predatory number between male and female does not have difference.As species of ladybirds euryphagous, biological control Propylaea japonica being applied to agricultural phytophthira pest has good effect.
Test executes 3: population fecundity measures
The new emergence obtained according to the method for embodiment 1, sexual maturity, without each 10 of the female individuals of mating, the culture dish (15 × 90mm) that inoculation has enough aphid Broad Bean Leaves is put into by after male and female 1:1 pairing, culture dish is positioned over and culture dish is positioned over climatic cabinate simultaneously (temperature is 25 ± 1, humidity is 75% ± 5%, and illumination is L:D=14:10h) in test.Culture dish residue carries out clearing up and changing food by every day.After mate and oviposit, every 8 hours (8:00,15:00 and 22:00) records situation of once laying eggs, and an every 24 hours statistics egg laying amount, records egg hatching rate simultaneously.
Table 3: the female worm oviposition behavior of Propylaea japonica and fertility
Utilize statistical analysis software SPSS 21 to analyze experiment the data obtained, obtain mean value and standard error.Result display (table 3), pea tail reparing aphid raises Propylaea japonica, makes it have higher egg laying amount and incubation rate.Individuality total amount of laying eggs reaches more than 900, and incubation rate remains on more than 90, illustrates and use the inventive method to raise prolificacy that Propylaea japonica can realize Propylaea japonica provides correlation theory and technical support for producing Propylaea japonica in a large number.
Test executes 4: the cold resistance of adult
Propylaea japonica in the emergence obtained according to the method for embodiment 1 24 hours is placed in culture dish (15 × 150mm) and raises, 20, every ware, every day, fresh aphid was changed in timing, (temperature is 10 ± 1 DEG C within 7th, to be placed on climatic cabinate, humidity is 75% ± 5%, and illumination is L:D=14:10h) climatic cabinate in preserve.Within every 72 hours later, take out the culture dish that Propylaea japonica is housed and be placed in room temperature (25 ± 1 DEG C) improvements, and observe the survival condition of ladybug in ware, until the 21st day.Result of the test is as table 4:
Table 4: the survival rate of Propylaea japonica Adults cryopreservation
Utilize statistical analysis software SPSS 21 to analyze experiment the data obtained, obtain mean value and standard error.Result in table 4 shows, Propylaea japonica is 10 DEG C of refrigerations after 6 days, and survival rate still up to 90%, but just can drop to 72% to the 9th day survival rate, afterwards along with the increase survival rate of refrigeration number of days reduces gradually.So for the storage of Propylaea japonica Adults with 10 DEG C, within 6 days, be that a cycle is proper, after refrigerating 6 days, fresh aphid to be provided to allow it take food, with makeup energy, proceed refrigeration afterwards again, reached and refrigerated and possess the requirement compared with high viability for a long time.
Claims (2)
1. Propylaea japonica artificial feeding, conservation and a breeding production method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), aphid cultivating: raise pea tail reparing aphid worm using bean plant as aphid host plant;
(2), ladybug is cultivated:
A. ovum period management: put into the bean plant blade with aphid in glass tube, be placed in the Propylaea japonica environment of sprouting wings containing mating again, on the blade that Propylaea japonica lays eggs in glass tube, collect the blade and vial of laying eggs, the vial of collection is placed in 24-28 DEG C, in the climatic cabinate of relative moisture 50-75%;
B. larva is raised in cages: 24-28 DEG C, in the insectary of relative moisture 50-75%, when aphid in dependent insect cage is covered with and covers Fresh Plants 1/4, be placed in pallet by adherent to the vial and blade that are loaded with Ladybird egg, after larvae hatch, the Aphed population on bean plant also increases gradually, and ladybug of leaving takes food growth, until aphid is taken food totally soon or bean plant is withered, then put into the bean plant of new inoculation aphid;
C. in pupa time: during ladybug 4 instar larvae, it is chosen in dependent insect cage and is placed in culture dish, and put into aphid and ensure that its foodstuff is abundant;
D. the emergence of adult: ladybug pupa is put into 24-28 DEG C, grows under the condition of relative moisture 50-75%, raises after emergence, and during raising, female-male proportion is 1:1, provides aphid to supplement the nutrients simultaneously, to guarantee that adult can normal growth and breeding, makes it lay eggs.
2. Propylaea japonica artificial feeding according to claim 1, conservation and breeding production method, it is characterized in that, described pea tail reparing aphid worm concrete steps of raising using bean plant as aphid host plant are: choose full Broad Bean Seeds, plant in the soil of pallet, after bean plant germinates, move in dependent insect cage, the environment of dependent insect cage is: temperature 24-28 DEG C, relative moisture 50-75%, illumination 14 hours/day, when bean plant growing way is better, the plant of clip one containing aphid puts into the bean plant newly grown, inoculum concentration is the bean plant inoculation aphid of 1/10 quantity, when aphid covers with covering Fresh Plants 1/4, just can be used for raising Pediobius foveolatus and adult, period aphid too much or bean plant is withered time, timely cleaning aphid and replacing plant.
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| CN104957107A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-10-07 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for propylea japonica indoor raising |
| CN105994182A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-12 | 溧阳市金泉生态科技园有限公司 | Artificial breeding method and trapping device of ladybirds |
| CN106973865A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-25 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of Propylaea japonica purifying and expanding propagation method |
| CN110367205A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-25 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A method of beautiful Chrysopa is raised using pea tail reparing aphid |
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| CN104770339A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Method for artificially breeding alesia discolor fabricius |
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| CN105994182B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2021-05-18 | 溧阳市金泉生态科技园有限公司 | Artificial breeding method and trapping device for ladybug |
| CN106973865A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-25 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of Propylaea japonica purifying and expanding propagation method |
| CN106973865B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-01-01 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for purifying and propagating propylaea japonica |
| CN110367205B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2022-02-01 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for feeding chrysopa perla by using pea aphid for tailbiting |
| CN110367205A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-25 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A method of beautiful Chrysopa is raised using pea tail reparing aphid |
| CN111264476A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-12 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Predatory ladybug egg mass collecting and collecting method and device |
| CN111264476B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2024-06-07 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Predatory ladybug egg block collecting method and device |
| CN112868604A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-06-01 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for controlling egg laying of propylaea japonica |
| CN114081018A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Breeding method of ten-spotted ladybug |
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