CN109042542B - Method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed - Google Patents
Method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed, which adopts a mode of jointly feeding artificial feed and aphids, wherein the artificial feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of armyworm powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder, 1-3 parts of honey, 1-2 parts of aphid powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of cane sugar, 0.2-0.4 part of agar, 0.02-0.06 part of olive oil, 0.02-0.06 part of ascorbic acid, 0.02-0.04 part of methylparaben, 0.02-0.04 part of potassium sorbate, 0.04-0.06 part of webster salt and 0.005-0.015 part of vitamin B complex. By adopting the method, the normal growth, development and propagation of the propylaea japonica can be realized under the condition of saving 71.3 percent of natural bait, so that the production cost is reduced, and the large-scale propagation of the propylaea japonica is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of natural enemy insects, in particular to a method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed.
Background
The Propylaea japonica (Propylaea japonica Thunberg) belongs to the family of Coleoptera (Coleoptera) and Propylaea (Coccinellidae), and is widely distributed in most of China, Japan, Russia, Korea, Vietnam, Plumbum preparatium, India and other countries. The propylaea japonica can prey on various aphids on various crops, vegetables, fruit trees and forest trees, eggs and young larvae (nymphs) of certain lepidoptera and homoptera insects, cotton red spiders, adult psyllids, dry aphids of black pine and the like, wherein the propylaea japonica is most favored to prey on the aphids (Song Huiying et al, 1988; Poong, 1991; great waves et al, 2000; Wang Shu et al, 2014; late family et al, 2017), and the propylaea japonica has the characteristics of large food intake, more egg laying, strong adaptability, high temperature resistance, more annual generations and the like (Wei Jianhua et al, 1983; Song Huiying et al, 1988), so the propylaea japonica is an important predatory natural enemy insect in agricultural production in China.
After 21 st century, pollution-free and ecological agriculture becomes the mainstream of world agriculture development, and natural enemy control of agricultural pests is an effective way for realizing green agriculture and ensuring sustainable development. If mature artificial feed or a breeding and propagation method is available, the large-scale breeding of the propylaea japonica can be better realized, and the propylaea japonica can be further used for biological control. However, in the propagation method of the ladybug, the natural preys such as aphids are mainly bred, the production period is long, the space occupation is large, the breeding cost is high, and the influence of seasonal environment conditions is large. The artificial feed is only limited to the feeding in the larval stage, and the situation that the egg laying amount is small or the eggs do not lay exists in the artificial feed feeding process in the adult stage, and the like, restricts the large-scale propagation of the propylaea japonica.
Artificial feed research on feed for propylaea japonica mainly uses animal livers (Liu Tong Xian et al, 2017; IntazarAli et al, 2016), drone pupas (Shenshicheng et al, 1989), trichogramma pupas (Cao Aihua et al, 1994; Guojiangying et al, 2001), rice moth eggs (Guojiangying et al, 2001), Mediterranean pink moth eggs (Kenji et al, 2006), housefly larvae, yellow mealworm pupae powder (Wang Lina et al, 2008), lepidoptera larvae (Wang Hongtao et al, 2009) as a generation feed, and propylaea japonica is bred under laboratory conditions. Researches find that the insect source feed in the artificial feed for the propylaea japonica is superior to non-insect source feed, and the feeding effect of hymenoptera and lepidoptera insects in the insect source feed is better than that of coleoptera insects. In the existing more insect source feeds, the powder meditation eggs, the drone pupae and the trichogramma pupae are not easy to obtain, the lepidoptera low-age larvae are small in size and need a large amount of insect sources, the labor capacity is large, the ladybug low-age larvae are not easy to prey, the mortality rate of the low-age larvae is high, and the ladybug bred by the existing artificial feed does not lay eggs or has less egg laying amount in the adult period. Under the current situation, an aphid freezing storage method is urgently needed to reduce the influence of seasonal environment; and the artificial propagation of the propylaea japonica is realized by improving the feed formula and combining natural bait.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide an artificial feed which has relatively simple components and easily available raw materials and is suitable for the growth and development of the propylaea japonica.
A second object of the invention is to provide a method of refrigerating aphids to provide natural enemies with access to food in the summer, winter or when aphids are reduced.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a method for breeding the propylaea japonica by using the semi-artificial feed, which adopts a mode of jointly feeding the artificial feed and the aphids, saves a large amount of natural baits, and can realize large-scale, long-term and subculture feeding of the test insects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an artificial feed which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of armyworm powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder, 1-3 parts of honey, 1-2 parts of aphid powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of cane sugar, 0.2-0.4 part of agar, 0.02-0.06 part of olive oil, 0.02-0.06 part of ascorbic acid, 0.02-0.04 part of methylparaben, 0.02-0.04 part of potassium sorbate, 0.04-0.06 part of webster salt and 0.005-0.015 part of vitamin B complex.
Preferably, the artificial feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of water, 4 parts of armyworm powder, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of honey, 1.25 parts of aphid powder, 1 part of cane sugar, 0.37 part of agar, 0.04 part of olive oil, 0.04 part of ascorbic acid, 0.03 part of methyl paraben, 0.03 part of potassium sorbate, 0.05 part of webster salt and 0.01 part of vitamin B complex.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the artificial feed, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking five to six-year-old armyworms, freezing at low temperature, crushing, freezing again at low temperature, adding aphids, and crushing again to obtain armyworm powder and aphid powder;
(2) mixing agar and water, heating, mixing, cooling, adding armyworm powder, aphid powder, yeast powder, honey, sucrose, olive oil, ascorbic acid, methyl hydroxybenzoate, potassium sorbate, Weishi salt and vitamin B complex, and stirring.
Preferably, in step (1), the aphids are frozen aphids. Since aphids are themselves small, it is difficult to break aphids alone. The armyworm powder is obtained by firstly smashing armyworm and then adding aphid for smashing. Therefore, the aphid is favorably smashed; secondly, the armyworm and the aphid are mixed more uniformly; in addition, the armyworm can be broken twice to make the texture soft and fine, and is more suitable for the insect to eat.
Preferably, in step (1), the low-temperature freezing temperature is-20 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), agar and water are mixed, and then the mixture is uniformly heated by microwave.
The application of the artificial feed in the artificial propagation of the propylaea japonica is also the protection scope of the invention.
In a third aspect of the invention, a chilled aphid treatment method is provided, which comprises the following steps: collecting aphids, placing the aphids in a water bath at 50-60 ℃ for 6-10 minutes, drying the water in the air, and refrigerating.
Preferably, the aphids are bathed for 8 minutes at 55 ℃.
The method can effectively prevent the hemolymph of the aphids from blackening, thereby improving the preservation quality.
The fourth aspect of the invention provides a method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding enough artificial feed, cotton balls dipped with glucose water, refrigerated aphids at two ends or living aphids at two ends every day at the first-age and second-age stages of the larvae of the propylaea japonica;
(2) adding enough artificial feed and cotton balls dipped with glucose water into the feed every day at the three-year and four-year stages;
(3) in the adult stage of the propylaea japonica, enough artificial feed, cotton balls dipped with glucose water and eight living aphids are added into each head every day.
Preferably, in step (1), the chilled aphids are obtained by the following method:
collecting live aphids in the aphid high-incidence period, drying in air after water bath at 55 ℃ for 8 minutes, and refrigerating at minus 20 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the artificial feed is prepared by selecting armyworm as a basic feed and mixing the armyworm with yeast powder, honey, aphid powder, sucrose, agar and the like. Wherein, the armyworm is easy to be raised, other components are easy to be purchased, and the preparation method of the artificial feed is simple. The artificial feed disclosed by the invention is matched with a small amount of aphids, can meet the nutrient substances required by development of the propylaea japonica in the feeding process, can enable the survival rate of larvae (80.8%) to reach a level close to that of a control (82.5%), is a solid dosage form, and is suitable for feeding propylaea japonica larvae. In the adult stage, artificial feed and aphids are adopted for feeding, so that a large amount of eggs can be laid, and the purpose of expanding the breeding population is achieved.
(2) The invention also designs a method for treating refrigerated aphids, solves the problem that the consumption of ladybug is influenced due to the blackening of insect hemolymph in the traditional refrigeration process, and can continuously supply natural enemies to consume in summer, winter or when the aphids are reduced.
(3) By adopting a mode of jointly feeding artificial feed and aphids, a large amount of natural bait is saved (the average consumption of the aphids of each ladybug is reduced from about 1000 to about 290), and large-scale, long-term and subculture of test insects can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1: feeding and collecting armyworm.
FIG. 2: preparing the feed by utilizing the armyworm and a food processor.
FIG. 3: frozen aphids after different treatments; wherein, A is the frozen pea aphid of tailbiting after the water bath, B is the pea aphid of tailbiting directly without the water bath, C is the radish aphid after the water bath is frozen.
FIG. 4: the adult propylaea japonica consumes the aphid everyday.
FIG. 5: aphid feeding and semi-artificial feed feeding of egg laying situation of the propylaea japonica.
FIG. 6: and taking the artificial feed from the propylaea japonica.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
As introduced in the background art, in the propagation method of the ladybug, the prior art still mainly feeds natural preys such as aphids, and has long production period, large space occupation, high feeding cost and great influence by seasonal environment conditions. The artificial feed is only limited to the feeding in the larval stage, and the situation that the egg laying amount is small or the eggs do not lay exists in the artificial feed feeding process in the adult stage, and the like, restricts the large-scale propagation of the propylaea japonica. Based on the above, the invention aims to provide the artificial feed for propagation of the propylaea japonica, the refrigeration treatment method of the aphids and the method for breeding the propylaea japonica by using the semi-artificial feed, which can ensure that the propylaea japonica can normally grow, develop and breed under the condition of saving 71.3 percent of natural bait, thereby reducing the production cost and realizing large-scale propagation of the propylaea japonica.
In one embodiment of the invention, the artificial feed which is relatively simple in components, easy in raw material obtaining and suitable for growth and development of the propylaea japonica is provided and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of armyworm powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder, 1-3 parts of honey, 1-2 parts of aphid powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of cane sugar, 0.2-0.4 part of agar, 0.02-0.06 part of olive oil, 0.02-0.06 part of ascorbic acid, 0.02-0.04 part of methylparaben, 0.02-0.04 part of potassium sorbate, 0.04-0.06 part of webster salt and 0.005-0.015 part of vitamin B complex.
The artificial feed is prepared by the following method:
(1) feeding armyworm with artificial feed or corn seedling, taking five to six years old armyworm, and freezing at-20 deg.C.
(2) Placing the frozen armyworm into a Sunyang food processor, and crushing. Freezing again at-20 deg.C, adding aphid, and crushing again.
(3) Weighing armyworm powder, aphid powder, sucrose, yeast powder, honey, olive oil, methyl paraben, potassium sorbate, ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex and Weishi salt as A group of substances;
(4) mixing water and agar, heating in microwave oven for 40s, shaking, and heating for 40 s.
(5) Shaking agar water, cooling to about 60 deg.C, mixing group A materials, and heating and stirring with a stirrer.
(6) Pouring the prepared feed into a plurality of small boxes, cooling, and putting into a refrigerator for freezing and storing.
The artificial feed disclosed by the invention is based on lepidoptera larvae, the armyworm is selected as the basic feed of the ladybug, various gramineae plants can be eaten due to the feeding habit of the armyworm, and the artificial feed is mature in formula and large in size; compared with other lepidoptera insects such as cotton bollworms, asparagus caterpillars and the like, the armyworms have no self-residue and can propagate in a large amount in a small space. The armyworm is fed by using artificial feed to 5-6 th instar larvae, is ground into powder and then added with yeast powder, cane sugar, honey, olive oil, preservative and other materials to prepare the armyworm breeding powder, and the armyworm breeding powder is matched with aphid feeding to obtain a good propagation expanding effect.
The artificial feed disclosed by the invention is matched with a small amount of aphids, nutrient substances required by development of the propylaea japonica can be met in the feeding process, the survival rate of larvae (80.8%) can reach a level close to that of a control (82.5%), the solid dosage form is suitable for feeding the propylaea japonica, and the larval stage is longer than that of an aphid feeding group.
In the artificial feed, the armyworms are easy to feed, the artificial feed is mature, other components are easy to purchase, the preparation method is simple, the growth and development requirements of the propylaea japonica larvae can be met by adding a small amount of aphids, and a large amount of eggs can be laid by feeding the artificial feed and the aphids in the adult stage, so that the purpose of expanding the breeding population is achieved.
Since aphids are greatly influenced by time and environment and are not easily obtained in summer and winter, the eating of the ladybug is influenced by the blackening of insect hemolymph in ordinary refrigeration. Thus, in another embodiment of the present invention, a method for treating chilled aphids is provided, comprising the steps of:
when a large amount of aphids occur, collecting the aphids, carrying out water bath at 55 ℃ for 8 minutes, airing water, and storing in a refrigerator freezing chamber.
The study of the invention finds that the aphid can effectively prevent the hemolymph from blackening after being subjected to water bath, thereby improving the preservation quality and providing the aphid for the natural enemy to eat at the festival of summer and winter or when the aphid is reduced.
In another embodiment of the invention, a method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) transferring hatched first-instar larvae into a glass tube with the diameter of 1cm and the height of 10cm, blocking the opening of the glass tube by using cotton plugs to prevent the larvae from climbing out, putting the glass tube into an artificial climate box with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity of 70 +/-10% and the L: D (14: 10), adding cotton balls dipped with 5% of glucose into artificial feed, adding two frozen aphids into each artificial feed every day in the first-instar second-instar period, and feeding the larvae with the artificial feed and the glucose in the third-instar and fourth-instar periods.
(2) After eclosion, each head of the seedlings was added with sufficient artificial feed, cotton balls dipped with glucose water, and eight heads of pea tailed aphids every day.
(3) And observing the egg laying condition, and taking eggs every day.
(4) After the eggs are hatched, subculturing is carried out.
The artificial feed and the aphids are jointly fed, a large amount of natural baits are saved (the average consumption of the aphids of each ladybug is reduced from about 1000 to about 290), and the large-scale, long-term and subculture of the test insects can be realized.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional in the art and commercially available.
Example 1: preparation of artificial feed for propylaea japonica
1. The formula of the artificial feed is shown in table 1.
Table 1: artificial feed formula for propylaea japonica
2. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding armyworm with young corn, collecting five to six-year-old armyworm, and freezing at-20 deg.C.
(2) Placing the frozen armyworm into a Sunyang food processor, and crushing. Freezing again at-20 deg.C, adding aphid, and crushing again.
(3) Weighing smashed armyworm powder, aphid powder, sucrose, yeast powder, honey, olive oil, methyl paraben, potassium sorbate, ascorbic acid, vitamin B complex and Weishi salt as A group of substances;
(4) add 0.37 g agar to 25ml of water, microwave heat for 40 seconds, shake up and continue heating for 40 seconds.
(5) Shaking agar water, cooling to about 60 deg.C, mixing group A materials, and heating and stirring with a stirrer.
(6) Pouring the prepared feed into a plurality of small boxes, cooling, and putting into a refrigerator for freezing and storing.
The feeding and collecting process of armyworm is shown in figure 1; the process of preparing the feed by using the armyworm and the food processor is shown in figure 2.
Example 2: cold storage treatment method for aphids
The cold storage treatment method of aphids comprises collecting aphids, carrying out water bath at 55 deg.C for 8 min, air drying, and storing at-20 deg.C. The aphid can effectively prevent the hemolymph from blackening after being subjected to water bath, thereby improving the preservation quality.
The water bath treatment of aphids before cold storage treatment is very critical, therefore, the invention carries out comparison tests, and the results are shown in figure 3, wherein A in figure 3 is the frozen pea aphid tailed after water bath, B is the pea aphid tailed without direct freezing of water bath, and C is the radish aphid frozen after water bath. As can be seen from figure 3, the blackening reaction of the hemolymph of the aphids can be effectively prevented after the water bath, the preservation is facilitated, and the ladybug eating method is more suitable for ladybug eating.
The temperature of the water bath is very critical, and the development period of the ladybug larvae fed by the method can be influenced, the influence of the development period of the ladybug larvae fed by the chilled aphids in the water baths with different temperatures is considered, and the result is shown in table 2.
Table 2: feeding ladybug larva after aphid freezing in water baths with different temperatures in development period
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, freezing after water bath is beneficial to keeping aphids fresh. When the water bath temperature is 55 ℃, the development process of the larval stage fed by the frozen aphids after the water bath is shortest, the effect is optimal, the frozen aphids after the water bath can completely meet the development requirements of the larvas, but after the propylaea japonica eclosion becomes adults, the eggs of the propylaea japonica are rarely produced by feeding the frozen aphids. Therefore, in the experiment, aphids which are subjected to water bath at 55 ℃ for 8 minutes are frozen and are matched with artificial feed to feed the propylaea japonica at the larval stage for observation and recording the growth process.
Example 3: semi-artificial feed breeding of propylaea japonica
In the embodiment, an artificial feed and aphid co-feeding mode is adopted, and the breeding condition of larvae fed by adding frozen aphids at different instars, the survival rate of the harmonia axyridis fed by adding aphids at different instars at each instar, and the daily average aphid eating amount and total amount of the harmonia axyridis at the larval stage are examined. The results are shown in tables 3, 4 and 5, respectively.
Table 3: growth condition of larva fed by adding frozen aphids at different instars
Table 4: survival rate of harmonia axyridis fed with aphids at different ages at each age
Table 5: average aphid eating amount and total amount of the armyworm in larval stage of the propylaea japonica every day
The results show that the development period is obviously shortened and the survival rate is improved compared with the development period of the single artificial feed feeding after the frozen aphids are added in the larval stage; the survival rate can reach the control level by adding 2 frozen aphids every day for the second year of the first year, so the method of adding two frozen aphids every day for the second year of the first year is adopted to achieve the effect of breeding natural enemies by using a small amount of natural bait.
The breeding effect of the artificial feed for the propylaea japonica larvae prepared in example 1 was compared with that of the pea aphid tailorae. Transferring hatched first-instar larvae into a glass tube with the diameter of 1cm and the height of 10cm, blocking the tube opening by using cotton plugs to prevent the larvae from climbing out, putting the larvae into an artificial climate box with the temperature of 26 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity of 70 +/-10% and the L: D of 14:10, adding cotton balls dipped with 5% of glucose into artificial feed, adding two frozen aphids every day in the first-instar second-instar period, and repeating the treatment for 3 times and 30 larvae for each repetition. Observing development and survival conditions once a day, and counting development periods of various insect states until eclosion. After eclosion, the ladybug is raised by aphids to observe the egg laying amount in the early egg laying period. The analysis shows that the main life table parameters (table 6) of the larvae of the propylaea japonica fed by the artificial feed are all longer than the natural feed pea aphid tailorae, and the survival rate, the emergence rate and the contrast difference of the adults at the early stage are not obvious.
In the larval stage, the aphids and the artificial feed are adopted for feeding, and under the condition of saving 85% of natural baits (the average consumption of the larval stage is about 67 times, and the consumption of the artificial feed is about 10 times), the larval stage duration is obviously shortened compared with the larval stage duration fed by the artificial feed only and is longer than the larval stage duration fed by the pure aphids, but the survival rate is not obviously different from the contrast.
In the adult stage, 8 live aphids are added into the artificial feed and the cotton balls dipped with 5% of glucose water every day, and under the condition of saving 70% of natural bait (the daily consumption of aphids by female adults is 26.2, see figure 4), the egg laying amount (205 eggs laid by single female on average) is close to the level of a control (226 eggs laid by single female on average) (see figure 5). The average life of the female insects and the average life of the male insects are not obviously different from the average life of the natural feed, and the problems that the eggs are not laid by using the artificial feed only and the breeding cost is high by using the aphids are effectively solved. The process of eating the artificial feed by the propylaea japonica is shown in figure 6.
In conclusion, the artificial feed can meet the requirements of growth, development and propagation of the propylaea japonica by adding a small amount of aphids, is a feasible scheme, can save a large amount of natural baits, and has the effects of reducing the labor amount and lowering the feeding cost.
Table 6: life list parameter for breeding propylaea japonica by using artificial feed and natural feed
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The artificial feed is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of armyworm powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder, 1-3 parts of honey, 1-2 parts of aphid powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of cane sugar, 0.2-0.4 part of agar, 0.02-0.06 part of olive oil, 0.02-0.06 part of ascorbic acid, 0.02-0.04 part of methylparaben, 0.02-0.04 part of potassium sorbate, 0.04-0.06 part of webster salt and 0.005-0.015 part of vitamin B complex.
2. The artificial feed according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of water, 4 parts of armyworm powder, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of honey, 1.25 parts of aphid powder, 1 part of cane sugar, 0.37 part of agar, 0.04 part of olive oil, 0.04 part of ascorbic acid, 0.03 part of methyl paraben, 0.03 part of potassium sorbate, 0.05 part of webster salt and 0.01 part of vitamin B complex.
3. The method for preparing artificial feed according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking five to six-year-old armyworms, freezing at low temperature, crushing, freezing again at low temperature, adding aphids, and crushing again to obtain armyworm powder and aphid powder;
(2) mixing agar and water, heating, mixing, cooling, adding armyworm powder, aphid powder, yeast powder, honey, sucrose, olive oil, ascorbic acid, methyl hydroxybenzoate, potassium sorbate, Weishi salt and vitamin B complex, and stirring.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the low-temperature freezing temperature in the step (1) is-20 ℃.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the agar and the water are mixed and then uniformly mixed by microwave heating.
6. Use of the artificial feed of claim 1 or 2 for artificial propagation of propylaea japonica.
7. A method for breeding propylaea japonica by using semi-artificial feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding the artificial feed of claim 1 or 2, cotton balls dipped with glucose water, refrigerated aphids at two ends or living aphids at the first age and the second age of the larvae of the propylaea japonica every day;
(2) adding the artificial feed of claim 1 or 2 and cotton balls dipped with glucose water every day in the three-year and four-year age stages;
(3) the artificial feed of claim 1 or 2, cotton balls dipped with glucose water and eight living aphids are added every day in the adult stage of the propylaea japonica.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said chilled aphids are obtained by the steps of: collecting aphids, placing the aphids in a water bath at 50-60 ℃ for 6-10 minutes, drying the water in the air, and refrigerating.
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| CN111528370A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-14 | 海南大学 | Artificial feed for adult ladybug in Juniperus siyagi |
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