CN1041818C - Bio-fertilizer and its producing process - Google Patents
Bio-fertilizer and its producing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1041818C CN1041818C CN96120083A CN96120083A CN1041818C CN 1041818 C CN1041818 C CN 1041818C CN 96120083 A CN96120083 A CN 96120083A CN 96120083 A CN96120083 A CN 96120083A CN 1041818 C CN1041818 C CN 1041818C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses new multifunctional biological fertilizer, namely Lvkang biological fertilizer, and a manufacturing method thereof. The Lvkang biological fertilizer is new biological compound fertilizer prepared by means of the procedures of respectively preparing fertilizer and a biological active agent, respectively granulating and mixing the granules according to certain proportions, wherein fertilizer in the biological fertilizer can be one or more kinds of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and the biological active agent is a multifunctional active microbial bacterium which has the advantages of phosphorus decomposition, potassium decomposition, growth promotion, disease prevention and strong stress resistance. The new biological fertilizer not only can supply fertility to crops but also can introduce dominant beneficial microbial bacteria to soil at the rhizosphere of drops, the production purposes of field fertility improvement, seedling strengthening, growth promotion, disease prevention, good quality and hilg yield are achieved. The present invention has the advantages of reasonable process flow and suitability for scale production. Field experiments on fertility show that compared with the same amount of substrate, the biological fertilizer can increase yield by more than 10% and is suitable for various kinds of soil and different kinds of crops.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of bio-feritlizer and manufacture method thereof, specifically the present invention relates to a kind of new bio formula fertilizer and manufacture method thereof that integrates multifunction special effect microbiobacterial agent, quick-acting inorganic fertilizer and hold the effect fertilizer.
Fertilizer is the grain of crop, is the basic substance of volume increase.Modern agriculture practice clearly illustrates that more and more the volume increase of farm crop not only depends on fertilizer, and the more important thing is depend on apply fertilizers scientifically, rational application of fertilizers.It is inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, microbial fertilizer that the fertilizer that uses in the agriculture production is broadly divided into three major types.The inorganic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is fast, rationally uses obvious effect of increasing production under the sufficient situation of soil fertility; The fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is slow, but helps the benign cycle of Soil structure, comes farming but the agriculture production of China is difficult to depend merely on fertilizer; Microbial fertilizer has special-effect, can increase beneficial microorganism colony in the soil, reach the micro-flora of improving the soil, increase soil fertility, promote plant root growth, suppress multiple effects such as Plant diseases, but use single culture or some bacterial classification for a long time separately, not only use inconvenience, but also DeGrain, effect is unstable.This shows the different characteristics according to all kinds of fertilizer, by the innovation of fertilizer secondary processing technology, it is reasonable to develop a kind of prescription, and the Multifunction fertilizer that integrates above-mentioned three kinds of functions is optimal selection.
On the other hand in China because long-term a large amount of applied nitrogens, ignored the compounding application of phosphorus potash fertilizer, fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, cause soil to pull a series of problems such as knot, soil fertility decline, environmental pollution.Particularly the beginning of the nineties, the balance that can not get plant nutrient was replenished in the continuous high-level output in soil, and most of soil generally lacks the phosphorus potassium deficiency, and the obvious effect of increasing production of nitrogenous fertilizer descends, so balance fertilizing, rational application of fertilizers have been very urgent.If can on the composition of fertilizer, work hard, develop a kind of nutritive element balance, quick-acting inorganic fertilizers can be provided, it will be the optimal path that solves above-mentioned serious problems in the agriculture production that the fertilizer of holding effect and the novel source of manure of beneficial microorganism colony can be provided again.
In order to address the above problem, some collection mineral manure have appearred in recent years, and organism and microbiobacterial agent are in the biological compound fertilizer of one.Applicants in 1992 take the lead in having announced a kind of bioactive P-K composite fertilizer (92105447.5) that integrates phosphorus potash fertilizer, organism and microbiobacterial agent on the Chinese invention patent bulletin, and then Chinese patent CN10224131C has also announced a kind of microbial inoculum of anti-ammonia and improved ammonium fertilizer blended triplex strong fertilizer mutually.The feature of these two kinds of biological compound fertilizers is that all used living microorganism is the genus bacillus of strong stress resistance, this has guaranteed the viability of microorganism in complex body in theory, but particularly with under the mixed situation of pulvis state homogeneous phase, how long living microorganism actually but all is not illustrated if being survived in chemical fertilizer.Chemical fertilizer is a kind of severe environment for the existence of microorganism, how to be reformed on the fertilizer processing technology, guarantees that living microorganism is a a great problem in the fertilizer secondary processing technology in the medium-term and long-term survival of complex body.
The objective of the invention is to filter out short sick press down and multi-functional bacterium strong stress resistance of efficient P and K decomposing, and the technology of mixing mutually of microbiobacterial agent and fertilizer reformed, on this basis by scientific formula, make a kind of biological activity height, nutritive element is complete, physical behavior good, steady quality; Can in the farm crop rhizosphere soil, introduce beneficial microorganism colony again for fertilizer to farm crop, play the short sick biological formula fertilizer of Multifunction that presses down effects such as good quality and high output that fertilizes the soil strong sprout.
The present invention achieves the above object like this.Utilize biotechnology to filter out on the one hand and have the short sick special efficacy bacterium that presses down of P and K decomposing respectively, after selecting for use the tankage of agricultural byproducts to be made into multifunction special effect microorganism and organic mixture as sorbent material, make the particulate state bio-active agent through granulation as substratum or with the medium carrier such as the peat composed of rotten mosses; Adopt scientific formula that nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, compound manure, organic fertilizer and trace element fertilizer are mixed with multicomponent mixture by a certain percentage on the other hand, make particulate state fertilizer through granulation equally.With above-mentioned two kinds of saccharoids uniform mixing by a certain percentage, make a kind of green health bio-feritlizer that the multiple source of manure is organically combined at last, realized purpose of the present invention.
Green health bio-feritlizer of the present invention is made up of particulate state fertilizer and granular biological activator.Described particulate state fertilizer can be that one of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound manure, organic fertilizer are planted fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures; In particulate state fertilizer gross weight, a kind of fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures are that nitrogenous fertilizer 0～60% (weight), phosphate fertilizer 0～80% (weight), potash fertilizer 0～30% (weight), trace element fertilizer 0～5% (weight), fertilizer 0～70% (weight), stopping composition 0～70% (weight) and tackiness agent are less than 1% (weight).Described particulate state bio-active agent is that efficient phosphorus bacteria Bacillussp.A1 (CGMCCNO.0275), efficient potassium bacterium Bacillus sp.A2 (CGMCC NO.0275) and the short fermented liquid that presses down germ Bacillus sp.A3 (CGMCC NO.0275) of giving birth to are adsorbed by medium carrier after the solid particulate that granulation is made; Or described fermented liquid is inoculated in after the solid medium that is mixed with the agricultural byproducts tankage carries out solid fermentation the solid particulate of making through granulation.Effective bacterial content 〉=100,000,000 of particulate state bio-active agent viable bacteria/gram, and the effective bacterial content of bio-feritlizer is about 1 * 10
7～9 * 10
8Individual viable bacteria/gram.Described bio-feritlizer is in the bio-feritlizer gross weight, particulate state fertilizer is 10～90% (weight), the particulate state bio-active agent is 90～10% (weight), and the preferred proportion of high yield type is a particulate state fertilizer is 80-90% (weight), the particulate state bio-active agent is 10-20% (weight), the preferred proportion of high-quality type is that particulate state fertilizer is 10-40% (weight), and the particulate state bio-active agent is 60-90% (weight).
Except that containing above-mentioned component, green health bio-feritlizer of the present invention can also comprise other composition useful to crop growth well known in the art: as the vehicle of plant-growth regulator, soil improvement agent, fertilizer synergist, weedicide, agrochemical and improvement fertilizer physicochemical character, coating agent, solubilizing agent etc.Total weight percentage of these materials generally is not more than 5%.Most typical bio-feritlizer is that the active flora of high-efficiency multi-function, azophoska, organism and trace element fertilizer are formed, and its proportion of composing is above-mentioned content range.Each component content can be prepared the granular compound fertilizer that contains different nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratios according to different soils type, Different Crop in actual applications; Also can require to prepare the prescription fertilizer of different fertilizer and bio-active agent ratio according to difference.As seen bio-feritlizer of the present invention has comprised the serial fertilizer that are applicable to the different requirements of different soils Different Crop.
The present invention is to have the short sick microorganism that presses down of efficient P and K decomposing as function yeast, and the wide spectrum vinelandii with strong stress resistance also are the preferred microorganisms of the present invention.The used best bacterial strain of the present invention is that efficient phosphorus bacteria Bacillus sp.A1, efficient potassium bacterium Bacillus sp.A2 and multi-functional short life press down germ Bacillussp.A3.This three strains bacterium is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center on September 26th, 1996, and preserving number is (CGMCC NO.0275).Be biological characteristics and the major function thereof of this three strains bacterium below.Biological characteristics and the function thereof of efficient phosphorus bacteria Bacillus sp.A1
Thalline is shaft-like, and size is 0.6～0.8 * 2～3 microns, Gram-positive, and the cellular plasm even dyeing, motion, the flagellum adnation is given birth in the gemma or middle partially giving birth to, and shape cylindricality or ellipse garden shape do not make volumination.Bacterium colony oyster white on beef-protein medium, garden shape, the edge is irregular outstanding like the hair shape, 1～2 millimeter of diameter.This bacterium is less demanding to substratum, can utilize multiple nitrogenous source or carbon source, particularly can utilize Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) and potassium felspar sand or silicate minerals to be phosphorus potassium source.The growth temperature range of this bacterium is 20～55 ℃, and optimum growth temperature is 25～32 ℃, can grow on the substratum of pH5.7, and optimal pH is 7.0～7.4.Under bad condition, the chlamydospore that thalline changes into cylindricality or ellipse garden shape is a gemma, and gemma is extremely strong to the resistance of poor environment, can tolerate severe environmental conditions such as high temperature up to 100 ℃ and drying.
This bacterium is well-grown in the substratum that with Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) is unique phosphorus source, and the water-soluble phosphorus of increase is nearly 30 times of blank; To contain well-grown in the substratum that potassium felspar sand and mica are unique potassium source, can increase water-soluble potassium 270%, these performances all are higher than the phosphorus bacteria (Bacillus megatherium) and the potassium bacterium (Bacillus mucilaginosus) of once promoting in China's big area the fifties, this bacterium also has faint spontaneous nitrogenase activity in addition, and every 1 gram sugar that utilizes can be fixed 0.9 milligram of nitrogen.Biological characteristics and the function thereof of efficient potassium bacterium Bacillus sp.A2
Thalline is shaft-like, is generally 1～1.2 * 2～5 microns, Gram-positive, and motion, cell has volutin granules and poly-.Gemma is given birth in central authorities or inferior end, and ellipse garden shape does not make volumination.Shaft-like thalline has the trend of chaining, and the stability of chain is determining the form of bacterium colony.The most gardens of colonial morphology shape on beef extract-peptone nutrient agar flat board, oyster white, the surface is slightly coarse, and the edge is irregular, and pigment is not produced in tarnish, 2～6 millimeters of diameters.This bacterium can utilize multiple nitrogenous source and carbon source well.Facultative good gas, growth temperature range is 20～55 ℃, and optimum growth temperature is 25～30 ℃, and optimal pH is 6.8～7.2.
Well growth in the substratum that this bacterium can be unique potassium source at feldspar and the mica with potassium can increase water-soluble potassium and be 3.7 times of blank.Than the fifties bacillusmusilaginosiengineering 301 that big area is promoted raising nearly 40%.This bacterium can also produce multiple hormone (Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, zeatin etc.), multivitamin (as VITMAIN B1, B2, B6 etc.), multiple organic acid (as oxaloacetic acid, oxysuccinic acid, citric acid etc.) and amylase, alkaline phosphatase, dormin etc. simultaneously.Multi-functional short life presses down biological characteristics and the function thereof of germ Bacillus sp.A3
Thalline is shaft-like, and general size is 0.6～0.8 * 2～3 microns, Gram-positive, and motion, the cellular plasm even dyeing is given birth in the gemma or middle partially giving birth to, and is column or ellipse garden shape.The most gardens of bacterium colony shape on beef-protein medium, the edge is irregular, and central recessed is ivory white, and non-pigment produces, 1～2 millimeter of diameter, this bacterium is facultative aerobic organism.Growth temperature range is that 20～50 ℃ of optimum temperutures are 28～32 ℃, and optimal pH is 6.8～7.2.
This bacterium can secrete a large amount of antibacterial albumen and polypeptide, wherein has 2 albumen and 1 polypeptide to be identified all or part of aminoacid sequence.These antibacterial proteins or polypeptide have very strong fungistatic effect to the plant pathogenetic bacteria in Xanthomonas, Pseudomonas and the Erwinia genus, and to many plant pathogenic fungis such as Pyricularia oryzae, gibberellic hypha and phytophthora also have the better prevention effect.Simultaneously this bacterium can be on the substratum that with Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) and potassium-bearing mineral is phosphorus potassium source well-grown.This bacterium can also secrete tethelin in addition, pass through this mycetocyte of growing on the liquid nutrient medium centrifugal, getting high performance liquid chromatograph on the supernatant liquor (HPLC) measures, compare with the chromatographic peak of multiple hormone sample, the result shows the composition that contains similar Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and phytokinin (zeatin) in this bacterium metabolite, with 10
8The bacterial concentration of cfu/ml calculates, and the content of two kinds of hormones all is between several ppm to tens ppm.This bacterium also secretes superoxide-dismutase relevant with crop resistance and peroxidase etc. in addition, and amylase, proteolytic enzyme, dormin etc.
Above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium are the genus bacillus of strong stress resistance, are the beneficial microorganisms that has very strong competitive power in plant rhizosphere soil, all can form gemma under bad condition, in order to resist such as high temperature severe environment such as drying.These three kinds of bacterium not only have very strong resistance, and have the short sick biological activity that presses down of P and K decomposing efficiently.They are drawn plant in crop rhizosphere soils, not only have much competitive power and vigorous growth, the phosphorus potassium that can transform insoluble simultaneously is for plant absorbing, can also produce plant growth hormones, antimicrobial substances etc. play the promotion crop root and grow, and suppress the effect of soil disease.They are the desirable strain that are applied at present in the bio-feritlizer.
Particulate state bio-active agent of the present invention is meant the fermented liquid with above-mentioned three bacterial strains, all 5% is inoculated in the solid medium made from the tankage of agricultural byproducts and carries out solid fermentation by weight percentage, and bacterial count reaches 10
9Behind the cfu/ gram, mixed mutually after the solid particulate product that granulation forms with 5～9 times aseptic substrate carrier.Wherein the tankage of agricultural byproducts mainly refer to one or more in wheat bran, rice bran, corn cob, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake, sugared slag, schlempe, straw, fowl domestic animals, mud and the cinder etc.; Or with the fermented liquid of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterial strains by 1: 1: 1: part by weight mixes, after fully adsorbing with medium carrier again, the granular product that forms through granulation, its viable count is greater than 10
8The cfu/ gram.Medium carrier wherein is meant carrier such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, light calcium carbonate, wilkinite, peat etc. in order to absorption bacterium liquid well known in the art.The method that the present invention preferably prepares the particulate state bio-active agent is a peat composed of rotten mosses absorption method.Concrete preparation method is as follows: used substratum is that (contain yeast extract paste 5 grams in every liter, peptone 10 restrains LB substratum well known in the art, and sodium-chlor 10 gram pH7.0 are if solid adds agar 15 grams.1.1 kilograms per centimeter
2Sterilized 20 minutes).At first inoculate above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium respectively with LB solid slant culture base, put 30 ℃ of constant temperature culture and inoculate the LB liquid nutrient medium after 24～36 hours respectively and carry out the liquid amplification culture, enter the final stage shake flask fermentation of three grades of cultivations after 24 hours 30 ℃ of following shaking culture.When viable count reaches every milliliter greater than 10
9After individual, above-mentioned three kinds of fermented liquids with 1: 1: 1 uniform mixing, with the aseptic substrate carrier absorption of 5～9 times of amounts (weight), are made the particulate state bio-active agent through granulation again.This granular bio-active agent also contains living microorganism produces in culturing process meta-bolites such as hormone, VITAMIN, proteolytic enzyme and antibacterial protein etc. except that containing living microorganism, medium carrier.This particulate state bio-active agent both can directly be used as microbial-bacterial fertilizer (green health biological active fertilizer) separately, can be used as bio-active agent (green health bio-active agent) again, as the biotic additives that improves chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and soil fertility.
Particulate state fertilizer of the present invention is meant one of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, composite fertilizer, organic fertilizer kind fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures, and available following method makes.
In particulate state fertilizer gross weight, required fertilizer is mixed equably by following weight percent:
Nitrogenous fertilizer 0～60% (weight)
Phosphate fertilizer 0～80% (weight)
Potash fertilizer 0～30% (weight)
Fertilizer 0～90% (weight)
Trace element fertilizer 0～5% (weight)
Stopping composition 0～70% (weight)
The weight percent of the required various fertilizer of particulate state fertilizer that it is preferably prepared is as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer 0-60
Phosphate fertilizer 10-80
Potash fertilizer 5-30
Fertilizer 0-90
Trace element fertilizer 0-5
Stopping composition 0-70
Behind above-mentioned fertilizer uniform mixing, add an amount of tackiness agent well known in the art (＜1%, weight) again after, form granular product through granulation.Be used for nitrogenous fertilizer of the present invention and be one or more of ammonia liquor, bicarbonate of ammonia, diammonium phosphate, urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate etc.; Phosphate fertilizer is one or more in calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, the ground phosphate rock etc.; Potash fertilizer is one or more in Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, saltpetre, the potassium primary phosphate etc.; Trace element fertilizer is meant one or more in the element compounds such as boron, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, magnesium, chlorine, sulphur, selenium and rare earth element, can directly add these trace compounds for example borax, boric acid, boron mud, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, Sodium orthomolybdate, manganous sulfate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulphate, copper sulfate, cupric slag, sal epsom, rare earth chloride, rare earth oxide etc. before granulation; Fertilizer be fowl and animal excrement, cottonseed cake etc. with corn cob, straw etc. and the peat composed of rotten mosses, mud, cinder etc. by 0.5～1.0: mutually mix at 0.5～1.0: 1.0～2.0, the mixture behind the complete ripeness of banking up; Stopping composition is meant one or more in manure of livestock and poultry, the peat composed of rotten mosses, soya-bean cake, straw, light calcium carbonate, bentonite, mud, the peat etc.Select which kind of straight fertilizer for use, select several straight fertilizers and consumption thereof for use, will decide according to the Different Crop different soils; But also can adjust the ratio of particulate state fertilizer and particulate state bio-active agent, so present invention includes the serial fertilizer that are applicable to the different requirements of the multiple soil of various crops according to the different demands of Different Crop different soils.
Above-mentioned particulate state fertilizer and particulate state bio-active agent are mixed equably by aforementioned ratio, just made the biological formula fertilizer that integrates chemical fertilizer, fertilizer and multifunction activity microbial-bacterial fertilizer.This bio-feritlizer not only biological activity high resistance to cold and diseases of contained multifunctional microbial is strong, and the present invention has guaranteed that by the processing technology innovation multifunctional microbial can be in the medium-term and long-term survival of bio-feritlizer from the manufacturing processed to the final product form.Many measured datas show that this product deposited 1 year in cool place ventilation place, its living microorganism survival rate is declined by less than 35%, and this is unique a kind of product that can be able to long-term surviving from manufacturing process, the final living microorganism of assurance in form Trinitarian complex body in the present bio-fertilizer.
Mixed fertilizer and the microbial fertilizer applied on green health bio-feritlizer of the present invention and the present agricultural are completely different, are the multifunctional fertilizers that integrates chemical fertilizer, fertilizer and microorganism fertilizer and trace element fertilizer; It is also different fully with some biological compound fertilizers of promoting both at home and abroad at present; it is innovation by the fertilizer secondary processing process; dexterously chemical mixing fertilizer is mixed after the granulation respectively mutually with the organism medium carrier that contains living microorganism; greatly reduced the contact surface of living microorganism and chemical fertilizer; reached the purpose of guaranteeing the living microorganism long-term surviving; making both mixing be tending towards scientific and reasonable more, is unique in a biological compound fertilizer distinguished product innovation.Bio-feritlizer of the present invention had both contained chemical fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, fertilizer, containing the multifunction activity microorganism again, is the novel source of manure of the wholesomeness of unique synergy that integrates the quick-acting of chemical fertilizer, organic long-lasting, trace element fertilizer and microorganism fertilizer.It can supply with nutritive element equilibrated fertilizer to crop, organism, beneficial microorganism colony can be drawn again and plant in crop rhizosphere soils, to promote the conversion of insoluble phosphorus potassium, produce the material that stimulates plant growth, secretion suppresses the material of soil-borne plant pathogen, thereby has improved soil fertility, promoted crop root to grow, suppress soil disease, improved the crop growth environment condition, reached the short sick production purpose that presses down good quality and high output in the strong sprout of fertilizing the soil.Simultaneously because the nutritive element balance of this multifunction biofertilizer; quick-actingly imitate special efficacy synergy and complement each other with holding; thereby brought into play its production-increasing function to greatest extent; improved the economic benefit of fertilising; reduced fertilizer amount; reduced the nutriment in a fertilizer loss, played the benign cycle that promotes Soil structure, the effect of protection agroecological environment.
Green health bio-feritlizer of the present invention is uniform granule shape particle, and physical behavior is good, and the prolonged preservation deliquescence that do not lump is convenient to transportation and is used, and not only can make base fertilizer but also can topdress.In Beijing, ground such as Hebei, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hunan, various crop (wheat, paddy rice, corn, cotton, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, pear tree, apple tree, grape etc.) is carried out the field fertilizer efficiency comparative test result show the bright outstanding increase yield significantly of fertilizer efficiency, compare with equivalent matrix fertilizer (except that the living microorganism component), generally increase production more than 10%, it is remarkable especially particularly to use fertilizer efficiency on booth vegetable, amount of increase in production is up to 20～35%, and as seen this fertilizer is applicable to all kinds of crops of different soils.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but do not limit the present invention (the following stated umber is parts by weight).Embodiment 1 one. preparation particulate state fertilizer
Get 40 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 15 parts of Repone K, 24 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, the mixture of 1 part of trace compound (zinc sulfate: borax: ammonium molybdate: rare earth oxide=1: 0.5: 0.5: 0.01) uniform mixing, make the single-size of diameter 2～4mm through granulation.Two. preparation particulate state bio-active agent
1. slant strains activation culture: the test tube specification is 16 * 120mm, adorn 5 milliliters of LB solid mediums, inoculate Bacillus sp.A1 behind the bevel respectively, Bacillus sp.A2 and Bacillus sp.A3 put in 30 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivated 24～36 hours.
2. bacterial classification liquid amplification culture: with the triangular flask of 500ml, every bottled 100 milliliters of LB liquid mediums, with the thalline inoculation of above-mentioned slant activation, every inclined-plane is inoculated one bottle.(standby after 180～200rpm) 24 hours 30 ℃ of following shaking culture.
3. shake flask fermentation: with 3 liters trilateral, every bottled 1 liter of LB liquid nutrient medium by the bacterium liquid of inoculating above-mentioned shaking culture greater than 5% inoculum size, was cultivated 24～36 hours by above-mentioned condition, treated that used bacterium breeds to greater than 10
9Be used for next step activator preparation during cfu/ml.
4. the preparation of particulate state bio-active agent: with the fermented liquid of above-mentioned three kinds of bacterium, behind the abundant mixing of 1: 1: 1 ratio, with the aseptic hay charcoal absorption mixed fermentation liquid of 5 times of amounts, add the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution that contains tackiness agent 0.1% in right amount after, make particulate state bio-active agent (diameter 2～4mm) through granulation.Three. the preparation bio-feritlizer
Get 90 parts of particulate state fertilizer, get 10 parts of particulate state bio-active agent homogeneous phases and mix the back pack, make the green health bio-feritlizer of typical high yield type.Embodiment 2
Method by embodiment 1 prepares particulate state fertilizer and granular bio-active agent, gets 10 parts of particulate state fertilizer, gets 90 parts of particulate state bio-active agents and mixes the back pack, makes the green health bio-feritlizer of typical high-quality type.Embodiment 3 one. preparation particulate state fertilizer
Method by embodiment 1 prepares particulate state fertilizer.Two. preparation particulate state bio-active agent
1. slant strains activation culture: with embodiment 1.
2. bacterial classification liquid amplification culture: with embodiment 1.
3. solid fermentation: make solid medium with the agricultural byproducts tankage, specifically be with wheat bran, pulverize sufficient corn cob and mixed by 4: 4: 2, use 1.1 kilograms per centimeter with the sufficient cotton seed cake of pulverizing
2Sterilize and made solid medium in 20 minutes.Then by the inoculation of 5% inoculum size, 30 ℃ of solid fermentations 36～48 hours treat that the fermented product viable count increases to greater than 10
9Cfu/ gram back is standby.
4. the preparation of particulate state bio-active agent mixes above-mentioned solid fermentation thing mutually with the aseptic hay charcoal of 5 times of amounts, after adding contains tackiness agent 0.1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution in right amount, forms the particulate state bio-active agent through granulation.Three. the preparation bio-feritlizer
Method by embodiment 1 prepares the green health bio-feritlizer of high yield type.Embodiment 4 one. preparation particulate state fertilizer
Mix with 1: 2: 3 (weight) homogeneous phase with the corn cob of chicken manure, pulverizing and cinder, it is about 30% to adjust water content, and the integral temperature of banking up is 200 to subsist, and promptly banks up about 7 days when 30 ℃ of temperature, and complete ripeness is after granular organic fertilizer is made in granulation.Two. preparation particulate state bio-active agent
Method by embodiment 3 prepares the particulate state bio-active agent.Three. the preparation bio-feritlizer
Method by embodiment 2 prepares the green health bio-feritlizer of high-quality type.Embodiment 5
Method by embodiment 1 prepares particulate state fertilizer; Method by embodiment 1 prepares the particulate state bio-active agent; Get the pack of 90 parts of particulate state fertilizer then, after seal on the upper strata that another pouch that 10 parts of particulate state bio-active agents are housed is rested 90 parts of granular compound fertilizer, make the green health bio-feritlizer of high yield type of packing, use behind the time spent uniform mixing.Embodiment 6
The powdery composite fertilizer for preparing not granulation by the method for embodiment 1; Prepare the powdery bio-active agent of not granulation by the method for implementing 3, prepare the green health bio-feritlizer of high yield type of packing then by the method for embodiment 5, use again behind the uniform mixing when to be administered.Embodiment 7 one. preparation particulate state compound fertilizer
Get 75 parts of calcium superphosphate (P
2O
5＞16%), 13.5 parts of Repone K behind 11.5 parts of abundant mixings of the peat composed of rotten mosses, are made the single-size of diameter 2～4mm through granulation.Two. preparation particulate state bio-active agent
Method by embodiment 3 prepares the particulate state bio-active agent.Three. prepare biological formula fertilizer
1. the method by embodiment 1 is made into the green health biological phosphorus of typical high yield type potash fertilizer, when using and the nitrogenous fertilizer compounding application.
2. be made into the green health biological phosphorus of the high yield type potash fertilizer of packing by the method for embodiment 5, when using and the nitrogenous fertilizer compounding application.Embodiment 8 (survival rate mensuration)
In order to hold the survival rate of living microorganism in complex body exactly, it number is 1 that the green health bio-feritlizer of the high yield type that makes by embodiment 1 method is replaced, it number is 2 that the green health bio-feritlizer of the high-quality type that makes by embodiment 2 replaces, it number is 3 that the green health bio-feritlizer of the high yield type that makes by embodiment 3 replaces, it number is 4 that the green health bio-feritlizer of the high-quality type that makes by embodiment 4 replaces, replacing by the green health bio-feritlizer of the 5 high yield types that make of implementing number is 5, and it number is 6 and to replace by the green health biological phosphorus potash fertilizer that embodiment 7 makes number be 7 that the green health bio-feritlizer of high yield type that makes by embodiment 6 replaces.Each product is got two standard bag (50 kilograms of dresses) respectively and is left the shady and cool ventilation place in, takes a sample at quarterly intervals, measures the viable count of its living microorganism, and viable count was 2.5 * 10 when for example No. 1 product was finished
7Individual/gram is deposited and surveyed after 1 year is 1.65 * 10
7Individual/gram viable count reduced rate is 4.0%; And No. 2 products when finishing viable count be 2.25 * 10
8Individual/gram.Deposit that real side viable count is about 1.68 * 10 after 1 year
8Individual/gram, the viable count reduced rate is 25.3%.The reduced rate of the viable count of all the other products this shows between 2, can be controlled in 35% by the reduced rate of inventing the bio-feritlizer viable count of making.But the result shows the equal safe storage of various products 1 year.Embodiment 9 (fertilizer efficiency embodiment)
1～No. 7 green health bio-feritlizer by the method for all the foregoing descriptions 1～7 makes all once at different soils, carried out sub-district manure trial fertile with matrix and that conventional fertilizer of equal value is compared on the Different Crop.0.16 mu of sub-district area, the biological prescription of high yield type is executed 100 jin for fertile every mu, and the biological prescription of high-quality type is executed 25 jin for fertile every mu, and 3 repetitions are established in test.Matrix fertilizer is meant the above-mentioned fertilizer of removing living microorganism, and consumption is identical with the fertile consumption of above-mentioned each biological prescription respectively.The conventional fertile diammonium phosphate of generally using of equal value, urea and Repone K, every mu of consumption is respectively (fertile with respect to the biological prescription of high yield type) 40 jin (for example can be 15 jin of diammonium phosphate, 15 jin of urea and 10 jin of Repone K), or is 10 jin of diammonium phosphate with respect to the fertile consumption of the biological prescription of high-quality type.Excuting a law of high-yield field is 75% as base manure, and 25% as topdressing, the high-quality type then as base manure, once executed.
Test-results shows the volume increase 5～10% of high-quality type, and the fertile amount of increase in production of the biology prescription of high yield type generally is higher than 10%, and vegetables even up to more than 30%, details sees Table 1 and table 2.
The investigation statistics result shows that the fertilizer efficiency of green health bio-feritlizer is higher than matrix fertilizer, and this obviously is the result who plays a role and produce owing to beneficial microorganism, and the quality of crop is better, and resistance is stronger, and sickness rate is low; The biology prescription fertilizer of high-quality type is applicable to middle fertility field piece on the upper side, and amount of increase in production does not have the big of high yield type, but crop particularly the looks gorgeous of vegetables, mouthfeel, taste significantly better than single contrast to fertilize.The reserve strength of granular fertilizer is than the fertile foot of powdery in addition, and No. 7 fertilizer has been executed nitrogenous fertilizer owing to joining, and total effective N-P-K content is higher, so amount of increase in production is bigger.
The field fertilizer efficiency of the green health bio-feritlizer of table 1 high yield type relatively
*No. 1 18.5 33.0 39.0 17.5 17.5 19.1 15.0 20.1 21.4 matrix of tomato French dressing cucumber wheat and corn paddy rice cotton sugarcane grape fertile 9.2 16.4 22.1 6.5 8.2 8.7 7.1 10.1 12.3 fertile 8.0 16.3 16.3 5.1 6.0 4.3 5.8 7.8 9.8* data of equal value are the percentage than the blank volume increase
The field fertilizer efficiency of the green health bio-feritlizer of table 2 relatively
*No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 No. 6 No. 7
*Fertile 9.4 23.1 12.5 16.0 17.0 21.9 matrix fertile 0.5 12.2 3.2 6.0 6.8 9.1 fertile 2.3 9.8 4.3 6.1 6.0 8.8* of equal value of the biological prescription of romaine lettuce tomato tomato wheat wheat wheat are with table 1; * joins and executes 35 jin every mu in urea
Claims (8)
1. bio-feritlizer is characterized in that described fertilizer is made up of particulate state fertilizer and 90-10% (in the bio-feritlizer gross weight) the particulate state bio-active agent of 10-90% (in the bio-feritlizer gross weight); Described particulate state fertilizer can be that one of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, compound manure, organic fertilizer are planted fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures; Described particulate state bio-active agent is efficient phosphorus bacteria Bacillus sp.A1 (CGMeeBo.0275), efficient potassium bacterium Bacillus sp.A2 (CGMee Bo.0275) and the short fermented liquid that presses down germ Bacillus sp.A3 (CGMee Bo.0275) of giving birth to are adsorbed by the aseptic substrate carrier after the solid particulate that granulation is made, or described fermented liquid is inoculated in after the solid medium that is mixed with the agricultural byproducts tankage carries out solid fermentation, again with the mixed mutually solid particulate of making through granulation of 5～9 times aseptic substrate carrier, effective bacterial content＞100,000,000 of particulate state bio-active agent viable bacteria/gram, the effective bacterial content of bio-feritlizer is 1 * 10
7～9 * 10
8Individual viable bacteria/gram.
2. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described particulate state fertilizer in its gross weight, a kind of fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures are that nitrogenous fertilizer 0～60% (weight), phosphate fertilizer 0～80% (weight), potash fertilizer 0～30% (weight), fertilizer 0～90% (weight), trace element fertilizer 0～5% (weight), stopping composition are that 0～70% (weight) and tackiness agent are less than 1% (weight).
3. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the bio-feritlizer gross weight, and particulate state fertilizer is 80～90% (weight), and the particulate state bio-active agent is 10～20% (weight).
4. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the bio-feritlizer gross weight, and particulate state fertilizer is 10～40% (weight), and the particulate state bio-active agent is 60～90% (weight).
5. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stopping composition and medium carrier are meant one or more in the peat composed of rotten mosses, light calcium carbonate, wilkinite, mud, the peat; Described agricultural byproducts tankage are meant one or more in wheat bran, rice bran, cottonseed cake, soya-bean cake, corn cob, sugared slag, schlempe, cinder, straw, the manure of livestock and poultry; Described nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonia liquor, bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate.In urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, the ammonium nitrate one or more; Described phosphate fertilizer is one or more in calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ground phosphate rock, diammonium phosphate, the monoammonium phosphate; Described potash fertilizer is one or more in Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, potassium primary phosphate, the saltpetre; Described trace element fertilizer is one or more in boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, chlorine, sulphur, magnesium, selenium and the rare-earth compound.
6. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described granulated fertilizer counts nitrogenous fertilizer 0～60% (weight), phosphate fertilizer 10～80% (weight), potash fertilizer 5～30% (weight), fertilizer 0～90% (weight), trace element fertilizer 0～5% (weight), stopping composition 0～70% (weight) and tackiness agent＜1% (weight) with its particulate state fertilizer gross weight.
7. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fertilizer be fowl and animal excrement, cottonseed cake with corn cob, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses, mud, cinder by 0.5～1.0: mutually mix mixture bank up complete ripeness after at 0.5～1.0: 1.0～2.0.
8. manufacture method according to the described bio-feritlizer of claim 1～7 is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A, with nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, composite fertilizer, fertilizer, a kind of fertilizer in the trace element fertilizer or more than one fertiliser mixtures and one or more stopping composition mixture, adding is made particulate state fertilizer less than the granulation of 1% (weight) tackiness agent, is nitrogenous fertilizer 0～60% (weight) in a kind of fertilizer of particulate state fertilizer gross weight or more than one fertiliser mixtures, phosphate fertilizer 0～80% (weight), potash fertilizer 0～30% (weight), trace element fertilizer 0～5% (weight), fertilizer 0～70% (weight), stopping composition 0～70% (weight) and tackiness agent are less than 1% (weight).
B, efficient phosphorus bacteria Bacillus sp.A1, efficient potassium bacterium Bacillus sp.A2 and short giving birth to are pressed down Bacillus sp.A3 through slant activation, liquid amplification culture, shake flask fermentation, and viable count reaches 10
9Behind the cfu/ml,, make the particulate state bio-active agent through granulation with above-mentioned one or more fermented liquids of aseptic substrate carrier absorption; Or above-mentioned one or more fermented liquids are inoculated in the solid medium made from the agricultural byproducts tankage by 5% (weight) fix fermentation, viable count reaches 10
9Make the particulate state bio-active agent with 5～9 times aseptic substrate carrier mixing granulation again behind the cfu/ gram.
C, step (a) and (b) prepared particulate state fertilizer and particulate state bio-active agent uniform mixing are obtained its product, its ratio of mixture is 10～90% (weight) in bio-feritlizer gross weight particulate state fertilizer, and the particulate state bio-active agent is 90～10% (weight).
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| CN96120083A CN1041818C (en) | 1996-10-15 | 1996-10-15 | Bio-fertilizer and its producing process |
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| CN96120083A CN1041818C (en) | 1996-10-15 | 1996-10-15 | Bio-fertilizer and its producing process |
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| CN1041818C true CN1041818C (en) | 1999-01-27 |
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| CN1156712A (en) | 1997-08-13 |
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