Whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer and preparation method thereof
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of method and application that utilizes organic liquid waste and bacteria agent to prepare liquid organic fertilization fertilizer material belongs to biotype mixed organic fertilizer technical field.
(2) background technology
At present, chemical fertilizer still generally uses in the agriculture production of China, because single growth needs that can not reach crop has to fertilize limited further developing of agricultural, and long-term a large amount of chemical fertilizer that uses can cause soil compaction, soil property constantly worsens, and soil fertility descends, and quality of agricultural product descends, simultaneously, using in a large number of fertilizer and pesticide also causes severe contamination to soil and water source, and the harm people are healthy, destroys existent environment of people.In recent years, in order to satisfy the needs of crop growth, topdress more and more important to dash the method for executing, traditional fertilising overwhelming majority that dashes adopts inorganic chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium formulated, its available nutrient content height, poorly soluble, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and when using a large amount of waters, unemployed chemical fertilizer is seeped into soil layer or leaching in underground water thereupon, causes soil compaction, and disease and pest is serious, even cause water pollution, thereby cause problems such as environmental pollution.
The existing effect that can not play full nutrient fertilization towards fertilising patent documentation and other correlation techniques well, as the disclosed biological impact fertilizing and mode of production of CN1186300C is that a kind of traditional inorganic fertilization has been added microbiobacterial agent, and nutrient chemical content height, microbiobacterial agent living bacteria count content is low, the production cost height, application effect is not obvious; The disclosed biological defense fertilization of CN1252001C be a kind of be the fertilising of dashing of main raw material with the Sodium salts humic acids, living bacteria count content is low, salt damage takes place in sodium ions content height easily, be difficult for using on vegetables, and cost high being difficult for extensively promotes.The technology that analysis-by-synthesis is present, the full nutrition flushing and spreading fertilizer that utilizes organic liquid waste, probiotics content height, organic-inorganic to combine that can effectively be applied to crop does not appear in the newspapers as yet.
(3) summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer and preparation method thereof, a kind of organic content height, biological activity height, nutrient is complete, cost is low, utilization rate of fertilizer is high novel flushing and spreading fertilizer are provided.
Whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention comprises organic liquid waste, urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, middle trace element, microbiobacterial agent, promoter, chaotropic agent, wherein,
Organic liquid waste 20~50%, urea 10~30%, diammonium phosphate 8~15%, vitriolate of tartar 10~25%, middle micro-5~20%, microbiobacterial agent 1~5%, promoter 0~0.2%, chaotropic agent 0~2% all is weight percentage, wherein,
Living bacteria count content 〉=1,000,000,000 of described microbiobacterial agent/gram are the complex micro organism fungicides that vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and diseases prevention fermented liquid mix.
Above-mentioned microbiobacterial agent is that secondary of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and anti-germ or three grade fermemtation liquid are mixed into composite fermentation liquid, the solid fungicide that composite fermentation liquid and absorption carrier make by weight 1: 2~3 absorption ageings by weight 1: 1~2: 1~2: 1~3.Preferably, absorption carrier is one of the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids or diatomite or combination.
Preferably, above-mentioned vinelandii are azotobacter chroococcums, and phosphate solubilizing bacteria is a bacillus megaterium, and potassium solubilizing bacteria is a silicate bacteria, and anti-germ is the Jingyang streptomycete.
Preferably, organic liquid waste is selected from monosodium glutamate waste liquid, starch waste liquor or alcohol slops.The implication of the monosodium glutamate waste liquid here, starch waste liquor or alcohol slops is meant: produce the first time of monosodium glutamate, starch or alcohol or concentrating spent liquor for the second time, the requirement of its physical and chemical index: solid substance is more than 50%, and is organic more than 30%.
Trace element is one or more in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and the boron in described, specifically is selected from nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate and the boric acid one or more.
Preferably, promoter weight is 0.05~0.1% of fertilizer gross weight.
Preferably, chaotropic agent weight is 1.5~2% of fertilizer gross weight.
Preferably, described promoter is the mixture of naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls and vitamins B.Its weight ratio is 1: 0.5~5: 0.02~1: 0.5~3.
Preferably, described chaotropic agent is the mixture of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid.Wherein, the weight ratio of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid is preferred 1: 1.
The preparation method of whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer provided by the invention, step is as follows:
A, urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, chaotropic agent are added in the organic liquid waste, mixing and stirring, stand-by;
B, with middle trace element, promoter mixing and stirring, stand-by;
C, the mixture of above-mentioned a and b is mixed again, stand-by behind the mixing;
D, microbiobacterial agent is added in the mixed solution of above-mentioned c, stir, promptly make whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer.
The preparation of mentioned microorganism microbial inoculum gets final product by prior art, and the preparation method of operational microbiobacterial agent provided by the invention sees embodiment for details.
The present invention has solved not only that existing flushing and spreading fertilizer nutrient is single, poorly soluble, fertilizer efficiency is short, utilization ratio is low, cause problems such as soil compaction, polluted underground water, contaminate environment easily, and the big area of being convenient to flushing and spreading fertilizer is promoted, reduce working strength, increase crop yield, improve crop quality, reduce agriculture production cost.Compared with prior art the present invention has following excellent results:
1. complete, the reasonable ratio of whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer nutrient of the present invention absorbs and the utilization ratio height.
Except that the NPK nutrient of routine, other contains multiple middle trace element, organic matter, active bacterium and promoter, nutrient is complete, the proportioning science, can improve the absorption and conversion capability of crop comprehensively, can effectively prevent crop nutritional deficiency disease, improve utilization rate of fertilizer nutritive element, increase crop yield, improve crop quality.
2. whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention is nuisanceless, pollution-free, increases soil fertility, and increases crop resistance.
The combination of this fertilizer organic-inorganic, and contain a large amount of profitable strains, can increase soil organic matter content, increase soil fertility, reduce nutrient to phreatic leaching loss, keep soil from packing together and secondary salinization.Can promote crop to microbial growth in nutrient absorbing and the soil again, anti-continuous cropping, the resistance of increase crop has obvious effects to suppressing diseases such as root nematode.Can significantly reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, nuisanceless, pollution-free, be the best fertilizer that green agriculture is produced.
3. whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention is with low cost, produces flexibly, and is easy to use.
The present invention utilizes some organic liquid waste productions to dash fertilising, is changing rejected material to useful resource, has reduced the cost of product, the protection environment of can turning waste into wealth; Add that preparation technology is simple, energy consumption is low, and is easy to operate, produces flexibly, easy to use, is easy to the big area promotion and application; And in actual use; can be according to the soil property and the fertility of different soils; the regulation of fertilizer requirement of Different Crop is adjusted fertilizer formula at any time to satisfy actual needs when producing, can avoid unified large chemical fertilizer to use the superfluous or insufficient phenomenon that causes in different areas.
In sum, whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer fertilizer provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, scientific strong, with high content of technology, nutrient is complete, and energy consumption is low, and required equipment is simple, and cost is low, uses conveniently, reduces and pollutes, and is easy to apply in fertilizer industry; Promoter among the present invention and bacteria agent can effectively promote plant root growth, improve the autonomous receptivity of plant to nutrient, the disease and pest that effectively suppresses crop, reduce production costs, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing crop yield, improve crop quality, is the novel product that the modern agriculture big area is promoted.
(4) embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.Raw material service condition wherein is as follows:
1, monosodium glutamate waste liquid, the waste liquid that the abundant rich Gourmet Powder Factory in Junan produces, physical and chemical index: full nitrogen phosphorus potassium 10%, organic matter 47%, solid substance 65%, amino acid/11 8%.
2, starch waste liquor, the waste liquid that Chengwu China rich starch limited liability company produces, physical and chemical index: full nitrogen phosphorus potassium 3%, organic matter 45%, solid substance 52%.
3, alcohol slops, the waste liquid that Shandong China letter alcohol industry company limited produces, physical and chemical index: full nitrogen phosphorus potassium 6%, organic matter 42%, solid substance 55%.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of microbiobacterial agent
(1) strain fermentating liquid
Buy azotobacter chroococcum by DSMZ, bacillus megaterium, silicate bacteria behind the streptomyces species of Jingyang, adopts ordinary method to azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium, silicate bacteria, Jingyang streptomycete fermentation separately make each bacterial classification three grade fermemtation liquid.
(2) composite bacteria liquid
The three grade fermemtation liquid of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the anti-germ that step (1) is made was by weight 1: 1.5: 1.5: 2 mix, and make composite bacteria liquid.
(3) absorption of bacterium liquid
200 kilograms of peats composed of rotten mosses and 100 kilograms of humic acid adsorb the composite bacteria liquid of 100 kilograms of steps (2) through after sterilizing, and ageing makes solid microbial.
Embodiment 2:
The weight part of monosodium glutamate waste liquid, urea, diammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 37 parts, and 22 parts, 12 parts, 20 parts, middle trace element is 1 part of 2 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part in ferrous sulfate and a boric acid, and its weight accounts for 5% of fertilizer gross weight; Microbiobacterial agent is the composite fungus agent of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the anti-germ of embodiment 1 preparation, and its weight is 2% of fertilizer gross weight; Promoter is that naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls and vitamins B weight ratio are 1: 2: 0.5: 2 mixture, its weight are 0.1% of fertilizer gross weight; Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 1.9% of fertilizer gross weight.
Urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid are added in the organic liquid waste, and mixed dissolution stirs; Again nitrocalcite, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls, vitamins B are mixed by weight; Complex micro organism fungicide and the above-mentioned two groups of mixing of materials of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, anti-germ are even, make whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer.
Embodiment 3:
The weight part proportioning of starch waste liquor, urea, diammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 36 parts, 20 parts, 10 parts, 24 parts, in trace element be selected from 1 part of 2 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom, 1 part in ferrous sulfate, 1 part in zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate, its weight accounts for 6% of fertilizer gross weight; Microbiobacterial agent is the composite fungus agent of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the anti-germ of embodiment 1 preparation, and its weight is 2% of fertilizer gross weight; Promoter is that naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls and vitamins B weight ratio are 1: 1.5: 0.05: 1 mixture, its weight are 0.08% of fertilizer gross weight; Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 1.92% of fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 4:
The weight part proportioning of alcohol slops, urea, diammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 38 parts, and 30 parts, 10 parts, 14 parts, middle trace element is selected from 1 part in 2 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom and zinc sulfate, and its weight accounts for 4% of fertilizer gross weight; Microbiobacterial agent is the composite fungus agent of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the anti-germ of embodiment 1 preparation, and its weight is 2% of fertilizer gross weight; Promoter is that naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls and vitamins B weight ratio are 1: 4: 1: 3 mixture, its weight are 0.09% of fertilizer gross weight; Chaotropic agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and 1: 1 mixture of citric acid weight, and its weight is 1.91% of fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5:
The weight part proportioning of monosodium glutamate waste liquid, urea, diammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar is 41 parts, and 30 parts, 10 parts, 10 parts, middle trace element is selected from 1 part in 3 parts in nitrocalcite, 1 part in sal epsom and zinc sulfate, and its weight accounts for 5% of fertilizer gross weight; Microbiobacterial agent is the composite fungus agent of vinelandii, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and the anti-germ of embodiment 1 preparation, and its weight is 2% of fertilizer gross weight; Promoter is that naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, the fast cry of certain animals of six benzyls and vitamins B weight ratio are 1: 0.5: 0.02: 0.5 mixture, its weight are 0.06% of fertilizer gross weight; Chaotropic agent is the mixture of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) ferrous salt and citric acid weight 1:1, and its weight is 1.94% of fertilizer gross weight.The preparation method is with embodiment 2.
Be the field experiment embodiment of whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention below.
The whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer using method is as follows:
Whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer dashes with crop irrigation and executes, and according to crop nutrient absorbing rule and growing way is determined towards the amount of executing with towards executing number of times.
Embodiment 6: whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out cucumber test in vegetables demonstration garden, Shouguang, adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of equal consumption and peasant's conventional fertilizer application to carry out cucumber yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N 800kg/hm
2, P
2O
5500kg/hm
2, K
2O 800kg/hm
2Handle 2 for using whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 1.
Table 1 flushing and spreading fertilizer is to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
Handle | Output kg/hm
2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 2 flushing and spreading fertilizers | 68423.6 89341.4 | —— 30.57 | 10.63 12.28 | —— 15.52 | 556.95 444.20 | —— -20.24 | 1.24 1.38 | —— 11.29 |
As can be seen from Table 1: adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer processing of present embodiment to compare with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, cucumber yield improves 30.57%, Vitamin C content improves 15.52%, and nitrate content reduces by 20.24%, and total sugar content improves 11.29%.The cucumber production promoting effect is remarkable, and quality is obviously improved.
Embodiment 7: whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out the tomato test in vegetables demonstration garden, Shouguang, adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of equal consumption and peasant's conventional fertilizer application to carry out tomato yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N 900kg/hm
2, P
2O
5600kg/hm
2, K
2O 1000kg/hm
2Handle 2 for using whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 2.
Table 2 flushing and spreading fertilizer is to the influence of tomato yield and quality
Handle | Output kg/hm
2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % | Total reducing sugar % | Increase and decrease ± % |
Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 3 flushing and spreading fertilizers | 69026.4 95346.4 | —— 38.13 | 14.37 15.86 | —— 10.36 | 88.62 76.53 | —— -13.64 | 0.73 0.82 | —— 12.33 |
As can be seen from Table 2: adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer processing of embodiment to compare with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, tomato yield improves 38.13%, and Vitamin C content improves 15.86%, and nitrate content reduces by 13.64%, and total sugar content improves 12.33%.The tomato production promoting effect is remarkable, and quality is obviously improved.
Embodiment 8: whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention is to the influence of shallot yield and quality
This fertilizer has carried out the shallot test in shallot demonstration garden, Zhangqiu, adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of equal consumption and peasant's conventional fertilizer application to carry out shallot yield and quality simultaneous test; Handle 1 and organize in contrast for peasant's conventional fertilizer application, peasant's conventional fertilizer application is N 360kg/hm
2, P
2O
5100kg/hm
2, K
2O 200kg/hm
2Handle 2 for using whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer of the present invention; Its test-results sees Table 2.
Table 3 flushing and spreading fertilizer is to the influence of shallot yield and quality
Handle | Output kg/hm
2 | Stimulation ratio % | Vitamins C mg/100g | Increase and decrease ± % | Nitrate mg/kg | Increase and decrease ± % |
Conventional fertilizer application embodiment 4 flushing and spreading fertilizers | 65790.2 84310.1 | —— 28.15 | 15.32 17.54 | —— 14.49 | 13.24 11.09 | —— -16.24 |
As can be seen from Table 3: adopt the whole-nutrition biological flushing and spreading fertilizer processing of embodiment to compare with peasant's conventional fertilizer application, tomato yield improves 28.15%, and Vitamin C content improves 14.49%, and nitrate content reduces by 16.24%.The shallot obvious effect of increasing production, quality is obviously improved.