CN102503731A - Long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer which comprises the following components by mass part: 252 parts of active ingredients of nitrogen, 307-336 parts of bentonite and 7-9 parts of long-acting compound fertilizer additive. The bentonite comprises 85-90% of montmorillonite, and the long-acting compound fertilizer additive comprises the following components by mass part: 2-8 parts of hydroquinone, 3-25 parts of dicyandiamide, 0.1-0.8 part of complex rare earth and 70-95 parts of zeolite powder. The invention further relates to a preparation method of the long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, comprising the following steps: mixing the components of the long-acting compound fertilizer additive according to the proportion, crushing, granulating, drying, cooling, screening and enveloping to obtain the long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer. The long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has long effective period. Due to the application of the long-acting slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, the yield of crops can be improved by 10-20%, the quality of crops can be improved significantly, the nutrient utilization rate of the crops can be increased, the production cost can be lowered, and the content of nitrate in vegetable crops can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer.
Background technology
The average utilization of nitrogenous fertilizer is lower at present, and nutrient loss is serious, and easily underground water and rivers and lakes is polluted; Conventional nitrogenous fertilizer is easy-regulating release rate of nitrogen not generally; So that the progress of rate of release and crop absorption nitrogenous fertilizer is synchronous; So if a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer of applied once cause the burning seedling easily in seedling stage; And, be difficult to again accomplish repeatedly to topdress, thereby cause farm crop owing to fertilizer deficiency and poor growth often owing to receive the restriction of manpower and cultivation condition.At present utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is low except because employed nitrogenous fertilizer uses the bad control of speed in the general chemical fertilizer, moreover is exactly the difference of each different areas soil property, and the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer also is not quite similar.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer, can satisfy the demand of Xinjiang crop to high nitrogen amount; For this reason, the present invention also provides the preparation method of this long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer.
The present invention provides a kind of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer to achieve these goals, and said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer contains the component of following mass fraction: 252 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer effective constituents, wilkinite 307-336 part, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 7-9 part;
Wherein, contain the smectite that mass percent is 85-90% in the said wilkinite, the mass fraction of each component is in the said long-acting complex fertilizer additive: 2-8 part quinhydrones, 3-25 part Dyhard RU 100,0.1-0.8 part complex rare-earth, 70-95 part zeolite powder.
Preferably, said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass fraction: urea 430-435 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 37-50 part, ammonium sulfate 184-200 part, wilkinite 307-336 part, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 7-9 part;
Wherein, in the urea mass percent of N element more than or equal to 46.4%; The mass percent of N element is more than or equal to 17.0% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is more than or equal to 21.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass ratio: urea: bicarbonate of ammonia: ammonium sulfate: wilkinite: long-acting complex fertilizer additive is 435:50:200:307:8;
Wherein, the mass percent of N element is 46.4% in the urea; The mass percent of N element is 17.0% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is 21.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of this long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer, and said preparing method's step is following: each component of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is mixed back fragmentation, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, coating by proportioning, make long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is brought is:
1, contains long-acting complex fertilizer additive in the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention; Make the fertilizer efficiency period of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer extend to 110-130 days, make food crop that Xinjiang is all such as corn, wheat and cash crop such as cotton, processing tomato, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, kind of watermelon etc. can realize that all disposable bulk application exempts to topdress.Use long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention and make crop yield improve 10%-20%, crop quality also is significantly improved.
2, long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention adopts the control technique of nitrogen transformation; The nutrient supply of the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of processing is coordinated with the fertilizer requirement for crop growth rule mutually, improved plant recovery of nutrient, when applying common composite nitrogen fertilizer by the traditional fertilization method; Nitrogen use efficiency is 28.6%-36.37%; Use long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, nitrogen use efficiency is 38.7%-43.7%, has improved 2.33%-15.1%.
3, long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention improves 3%-5% than common composite nitrogen fertilizer cost; Under the situation of identical output; Amount of application is a 20-30kg/ mu, and than the amount of application minimizing about 25% of common composite nitrogen fertilizer, and long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention exempts to topdress, the saving of labor.Take all factors into consideration, long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention has reduced the input cost of producing.
4, long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is to people and animals and farm crop safety, less residue in soil and farm crop, and degradation rate reaches 75% then, residual quantity 0.071mg/kg in the soil, low 1400 times of the 100mg/kg of brake specific exhaust emission level of environment achievement (DMEG) standard.The nitrogen amount of drenching reduces 48% after using long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, reduces N
2O quantity discharged 53% significantly reduces nitrogenous fertilizer and uses the environmental pollution that brings; Simultaneously, reduce nitrate content in the vegetable crop, helped human health.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The composition of raw materials of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass fraction is formed: 2 parts of quinhydrones for 435kg urea, 50kg bicarbonate of ammonia, 200kg ammonium sulfate, 307kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 8kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 12 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.2 part complex rare-earth; 85.8 wherein: the mass percent of N element is 46.4% in the urea part zeolite powder); The mass percent of N element is 17.0% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is 21.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
The preparation method of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 60 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 0.9 meter per second is sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 60 ℃, and drying time is 15 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent in the cooler cooled off; Be cooled to below 25 ℃, through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively; It is sent into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating, and metering packing gets long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
The composition of raw materials of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass fraction is formed: 8 parts of quinhydrones for 433kg urea, 48kg bicarbonate of ammonia, 184kg ammonium sulfate, 326kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 9kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 3 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.8 part complex rare-earth; 95 parts of zeolite powders), wherein: the mass percent of N element is 46.5% in the urea; The mass percent of N element is 17.2% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is 23.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
The preparation method of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 70 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 1.0 meter per seconds are sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 100 ℃, and drying time is 20 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent into cooler cool off; Be cooled to below 25 ℃, through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively; It is sent into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating, and metering packing gets long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
The composition of raw materials of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
(component by following mass fraction is formed: 5 parts of quinhydrones for 430kg urea, 37kg bicarbonate of ammonia, 190kg ammonium sulfate, 336kg wilkinite (contain mass percent be 90% smectite) and 7kg long-acting complex fertilizer additive; 25 parts of Dyhard RU 100s; 0.1 part complex rare-earth; 70 parts of zeolite powders), wherein: the mass percent of N element is 46.5% in the urea; The mass percent of N element is 17.4% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is 24.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
The preparation method of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is following:
Above-mentioned raw materials is thrown to batch bin continuously, broken through being transported in the crusher by rotary conveyor behind the automatic batching system, cross 80 mesh sieves; Send into the granulation of rotary drum granulator spraying steam again, barrel LV 1.1 meter per seconds are sent into the raw material after the granulation in the dryer and to be dried; Bake out temperature is 180 ℃, and drying time is 25 minutes, the raw material after the oven dry is sent into cooler cool off; Be cooled to below 25 ℃, through one-level screening and secondary screening, filter out the long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer particle of diameter between 2.5mm-4.25mm successively; It is sent into the anti-caking of fertilizer coating machine coating, and metering packing gets long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
Below nutrients such as the contrast fertilising described in the experiment be meant contained available nitrogen in the various fertilizer that control experiment uses, available phosphorus and effectively three kinds of nutrients of potassium total content and the contained available nitrogen of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, available phosphorus and effectively the total content of three kinds of nutrients of potassium equate that various fertilizer amounts are complied with the local farm crop traditional habit consumption that applies fertilizer in the control experiment.
1, the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in cotton:
1.1, the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in the sluggard cotton.
30 mu on the cotton ground of the sluggard of selection testing station, academy of agricultural sciences, Xinjiang, Manas County, state, Changji, North SinKiang five teams, soil type is a desert grey soil, a film 4 row plantations; Line-spacing is 30 cm-50 cm-30 cm-55cm, spacing in the rows 10 cm, and be April 26 sowing date; Irrigation method is well water furrow irrigation, irrigates breeding time 9 times.Soil is as shown in table 1 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with ASI method (Agro. Service International, soil nutrient status systems approach to management).
Table 1
Test is established three groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising+long-acting complex fertilizer additive group;
The 3rd group: contain long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention.
All disposable the topdressing of cotton bud stage machinery trench digging, fertilising consumption and pure amount of nutrients are seen table 2 to each group.All the other management processs are all consistent.
Table 2
It is as shown in table 3 to record output of cotton.
Table 3
1.2, the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in Ji 958.
50 mu of the cotton fields in the Da Lete town, Boyue City, Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bortala that selection Xinjiang is northern, soil type is ploughed moisture soil for irritating, and cotton variety is Ji 958; The 4 row plantations of one film; Line-spacing is 30cm-50cm-30cm-55cm, spacing in the rows 10cm, and be April 28 sowing date; Irrigation method is well water furrow irrigation, irrigates breeding time 9 times.Soil is as shown in table 1 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with the ASI method.
Table 4
Test is established two groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: contain long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention.
First group is applied by local peasant habit fertilization time and fertilizing method: two ammoniums apply as base manure, and urea topdresses at twice and applies; Fertilizing method is: plow behind the broadcast application material, fertilizer is translated into underground 15 centimeters to 20 centimeters again.Second group is applied as base manure, and fertilizing method is identical with first group of fertilizing method, and specifically apply fertilizer consumption and pure amount of nutrients are seen table 5, and all the other field cultivation management processs are all consistent.
Table 5
It is as shown in table 6 to record output of cotton.
Table 6
。
1.3, the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in long stapled cotton.
Select 30 mu on the rich company 3 of Awat County Hua Fuheng long stapled cotton ground even, long stapled cotton kind: new sea 28.Great soil group is a meadow soil, and soil property is a silty loam, middle fertility, even, and a film 4 row plantations, line-spacing is 20cm-50cm-20cm-50cm, spacing in the rows 12 cm, 1.67 ten thousand strain/mus are set in theoretical strain, and irrigation method is border irrigation.Fertilising on April 15, fertilizing method is: plow behind the broadcast application material, fertilizer is translated into underground 15 centimeters to 20 centimeters again.Sowing on April 19, April 27 emerged, and watered first water on June 23.Soil is as shown in table 7 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with the ASI method.
Table 7
Test is established four groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising+long-acting complex fertilizer additive group;
The 3rd group: contain long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention;
The 4th group: each component concentration is the 3rd group 80% (mass percent).
Each group fertilising consumption and pure amount of nutrients are seen table 8, wherein in the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer quality percentage composition of available nitrogen be 16%, the effective quality percentage composition 2% of potassium.All the other field cultivation management processs are all consistent.
Table 8
It is as shown in table 9 to record output of cotton.
Table 9
2. the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in tomato:
40 mu on the tomato ground of selection testing station, academy of agricultural sciences, Xinjiang, Manas County, state, Changji, North SinKiang five teams, tomato variety: No. 8, river, precocious type cross-fertilize seed village.Soil type is a desert grey soil, the plantation of monofilm single file, and line-spacing is 65cm-105cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, theoretical strain number is 3130 strain/mus, and nurse young plants in hothouses April, and trench digging transplanting on May 6 is also poured water, and irrigation method is furrow irrigation.Soil is as shown in table 10 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with the ASI method.
Table 10
Test is established four groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention applies as base manure;
The 3rd group: long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention applies as topdressing;
The 4th group: each component concentration is the 3rd group 80% (mass percent), applies as base manure.
Wherein the mode that applies of base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before ploughing; The mode that applies of topdressing is machinery trench digging row replacement before tomato is just spent; Second group is disposable applying to the 4th group; Contrast waits nutrient fertilising group bulk application and the time of topdressing and consumption by local peasant habit, and all the other field cultivation management processs of each group are consistent.Fertilization mode, consumption and pure amount of nutrients are seen table 11.
Table 11
。
It is as shown in table 12 to record tomato yield.
Table 12
3, the application of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention in corn:
45 mu of the corn fields in the Da Lete town, Boyue City, Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bortala of selection North SinKiang, corn variety: S2564.Soil type is ploughed moisture soil for irritating, and quality is husky earth, a film two row plantations, and seeding row spacing is 50cm-24cm, and theoretical strain number is 5555 strain/mus, and irrigation method is border irrigation, and April 22, sowing in the water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles on June 25, was irrigated 8 times breeding time.Soil is as shown in table 13 in the nutrient situation of 0-20cm before the fertilising, and nutrient situation is measured with the ASI method.
Table 13
Test is established two groups:
First group: contrast waits nutrient fertilising group;
Second group: long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer group of the present invention.
First group is applied by local habits fertilization method: two ammoniums apply as base manure, and fertilizing method is: plow behind the broadcast application material, fertilizer is translated into underground 15 centimeters to 20 centimeters again.Urea divides to topdress for 5 times and applies, and topdressing method is executed for dashing with water; Second group is applied as base manure, and fertilizing method spreads fertilizer over the fields disposable applying before ploughing.Concrete fertilising consumption and pure amount of nutrients are seen table 14, and all the other field cultivation management processs are all consistent.
Table 14
It is as shown in Tble 15 to record corn yield.
Table 15
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer contains the component of following mass fraction: 252 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer effective constituents, wilkinite 307-336 part, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 7-9 part;
Wherein, contain the smectite that mass percent is 85-90% in the said wilkinite, the mass fraction of each component is in the said long-acting complex fertilizer additive: 2-8 part quinhydrones, 3-25 part Dyhard RU 100,0.1-0.8 part complex rare-earth, 70-95 part zeolite powder.
2. long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass fraction: urea 430-435 part, bicarbonate of ammonia 37-50 part, ammonium sulfate 184-200 part; Wilkinite 307-336 part, long-acting complex fertilizer additive 7-9 part;
Wherein, in the urea mass percent of N element more than or equal to 46.4%; The mass percent of N element is more than or equal to 17.0% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is more than or equal to 21.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
3. long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is made up of each component of following mass ratio: urea: bicarbonate of ammonia: ammonium sulfate: wilkinite: long-acting complex fertilizer additive is 435:50:200:307:8;
Wherein, the mass percent of N element is 46.4% in the urea; The mass percent of N element is 17.0% in the bicarbonate of ammonia, and the mass percent of N element is 21.0% in the ammonium sulfate.
4. the preparation method of the arbitrary described long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer of claim 1-3; It is characterized in that: said preparing method's step is following: each component of long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer is mixed back fragmentation, granulation, oven dry, cooling, screening, coating by proportioning, make long-acting slowly released nitrogen fertilizer.
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103011952A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-concentration biological compound fertilizer |
| CN103396267A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-11-20 | 辽宁绿源生物农业科技有限公司 | Nitrogen stable-release compound additive and application thereof |
| CN103804102A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-21 | 邳州金成肥业有限公司 | Synergic composite nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193536A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Charcoal-based stable compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104671999A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 济南大学 | Reinforced slow-release fertilizer for vegetable concrete |
| CN107522581A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-29 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | It is a kind of effectively to reduce N2The environmentally friendly friendly coated carbamide of O discharges |
| CN107698355A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 常州大学 | A kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
| CN109534911A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-29 | 焦智斌 | Rare earth modified sustained release ammonium sulfate fertilizer of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN111233562A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 武汉工程大学 | Rare earth slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113860961A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江神石矿业有限公司 | Environment-friendly fertilizer containing zeolite powder and ammonium bicarbonate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103804102A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-21 | 邳州金成肥业有限公司 | Synergic composite nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103396267B (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-07-01 | 辽宁绿源生物农业科技有限公司 | Nitrogen stable-release compound additive and application thereof |
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| CN104193536A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Charcoal-based stable compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104671999B (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2017-07-14 | 济南大学 | A kind of enhanced slow-release fertilizer for concrete for plant growth |
| CN104671999A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 济南大学 | Reinforced slow-release fertilizer for vegetable concrete |
| CN107522581A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-29 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | It is a kind of effectively to reduce N2The environmentally friendly friendly coated carbamide of O discharges |
| CN107698355A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 常州大学 | A kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer |
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| CN111233562A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 武汉工程大学 | Rare earth slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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