CN109438121A - A kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109438121A CN109438121A CN201811481565.0A CN201811481565A CN109438121A CN 109438121 A CN109438121 A CN 109438121A CN 201811481565 A CN201811481565 A CN 201811481565A CN 109438121 A CN109438121 A CN 109438121A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops and the preparation method and application thereof; protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention includes basis fertilizer, middle microelement and soil conditioner, the soil conditioner include loosen the soil essence, marine algae extract and humic acid mixture and selected from one of fulvic acid, Xanthohumate；The essence of loosening the soil is 1:4~9:5 with marine algae extract weight ratio.Special fertilizer provided by the invention can dramatically increase the soil porosity of Greenhouse, reduce the soil weight, improve soil texture, while improve the content of nutriment in the yield and vegetables of vegetables, promote the quality of victual.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special fertilizer for crops technical fields, and in particular to a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field economy
Crop specific fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
In agricultural production, the production of vegetable at protected field belongs to high investment output, and fast crop rotation, mostly prevention and treatment disease pest are diligent
The fast pace production process of soil fertility is adjusted, the quality and fertility level of soil are to determine that can vegetable at protected field production be realized and can hold
Key that is continuous and reaching desirable.However, peasant is limited by self-condition in the production process of current economic crop, such as: fertilizer
Material application knowledge is deficient, does not focus on applying fertilizers scientifically or fertilizing method is improper, is ignorant of scientific production management, although causing investment
Fund is many, but without obtaining ideal economic benefit, also results in soil texture on the contrary and severe exacerbation, vegetable growth occurs
It is bad, it further reduced economic benefit.
The specific manifestation of soil texture and deterioration is as follows:
1, soil becomes hardened: due to largely applying chemical fertilizer, ignoring the application of organic fertilizer, soil fertility fails, organic
Matter is deficient, and gas permeability reduces, and the decline of aerobe activity, soil-ripening is slow, causes soil hardening, causes the root system of vegetables raw
Long depauperation, influences plant growth.
2, salination aggravates: after excessive application chemical fertilizer, salt ion increases in soil, and pH value increases, and adds the soil salinization
Weight interferes root system normally to absorb water, influences plant strain growth.
3, microelement deficiencies: the crop of many years continuous cropping absorbs the micro members such as iron, zinc, boron, molybdenum, copper, the manganese in soil
Element, and the micro- fertilizer of application is not replenished in time, cause soil seriously to lack microelement, influences the growth and development of crop.
4, active soil stratum shoals: the production method of stubble stubble phase intercropping and interplanting, mostly people are carried out in the plantation of the various crops such as vegetables more
Work, which is ploughed, plants, and is not available big machinery and ploughs deeply, active soil stratum is caused to shoal.
5, pest and disease damage accumulates: continuous cropping accumulate germ insect pest in the soil to increase, and harm aggravates, root system thus aggrieved corruption
Rotten or even complete stool is withered.Since pest and disease damage is serious, Pesticide use amount increases, and causes the pollution of crop, reduces value of the product.
The deterioration of soil texture causes soil quality and fertility level to decline, to seriously affect protecting field economy work
The production of object.In order to realize the sustainable development of protecting field, it is necessary to improve soil texture, increase soil porosity, improve soil
Hardened situation；Increase the application of organic fertilizer, mitigates soil salinization level；Middle microelement is replenished in time, realizes balance fertilizing；
The gap of shift of crops carries out deep ploughing and digs, and increases active soil stratum depth；The crop varieties of different habits are planted at interval, mitigate disease pest
Harmful generation.
Although more for the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops of protecting field exploitation at present, generally existing improvement soil texture delays
Ineffective, fertilizer the unbalanced nutrition that soil texture deteriorates is solved, Single fertilizer does not focus on the problems such as application of organic matter.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type economy works
Object special fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof improves protecting field soil fertility to improve protecting field soil texture, realizes that balance is applied
Fertilizer improves the yield and quality of protecting field industrial crops, realizes the sustainable development of Greenhouse.
Because Greenhouse environment temperature is generally high compared with high and multiple crop index, dose is big, compared with crop field, protecting field
The organic matter mineralization rate of soil is higher, and soil is easier to stiff, hardened, the salt content of the repeated protecting field soil repeatedly planted
It is the decades of times in crop field, nutrient preserving capability is low, soil nutrient numerous imbalances, uses traditional soil conditioner (such as zeolite, titanium dioxide
Silicon, nano material, straw powder etc.) it is unsatisfactory for the improving effect of protecting field soil.Therefore, the soil of efficient protecting field
Conditioning and the exploitation of crop fertilizer are always the technical problem of this field.
Loosen the soil the macromolecule highly reactive polymer that essence is the compoundings such as polyacrylamide, polyvinyl lactam, polypropylene therein
The high molecular materials such as amide, polyvinyl lactam can adsorb soil particle, increase the intergranular cohesiveness of upper soll layer, but by
In the protecting field soil environment the characteristics of, inventor's discovery be administered alone loosens the soil essence for protecting field soil texture improving effect simultaneously
It is not significant, but will loosen the soil essence, marine algae extract, humic acid and fulvic acid or its salt is used in compounding, especially when pine therein
When native essence compounds at a specific ratio with marine algae extract, the soil improvement action of each component mutually cooperates with promotion, obtains significant
It is promoted.And its main component polyacrylamide is replaced with compared to the essence that will loosen the soil, uses essence and the other three kinds of components of loosening the soil
The significant effect of compounding is superior, it is seen then that the space structure that the macromolecules such as polyacrylamide, polyvinyl lactam are jointly formed is more advantageous
Alginic acid, mannitol isoreactivity ingredient in the absorption of protecting field soil particle, synergy marine algae extract are preferably sent out
Collaboration facilitation is waved, the mating reaction of the organic matter of the different molecular weight in fulvic acid and humic acid is aided with, can have been played
The protecting field soil improvement action of effect.
Firstly, the present invention provides a kind of protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops include basis fertilizer,
Middle microelement and soil conditioner, the soil conditioner include loosen the soil essence, marine algae extract and humic acid mixture with
And it is selected from one of fulvic acid, Xanthohumate；
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:4~9:5 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
Further, inventors have found that the organic matter of the small molecule of high-content makes when fulvic acid is mineral sources fulvic acid
Its with essence of loosening the soil, the compounded combination of marine algae extract, humic acid for soil texture opsonic action more preferably.
Specifically, in the present invention, the soil conditioner is grouped as by following group:
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:3~1:1 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
In the present invention, loosen the soil essence, marine algae extract, fulvic acid, Xanthohumate, the humic acid be it is commercially available or
It is prepared using conventional method in that art.
To realize more preferably compounding synergistic effect, the content of alginic acid is 30~50g/L in the marine algae extract；It is red mould
The content of element is 0.15~0.30mg/g；Indoleacetic acid content is 0.28~0.47mg/g.
In the present invention, the marine algae extract is one of kelp, opotism, extra large capsule algae, sargassum, bulk kelp, yellow tang
Or a variety of extract.
The marine algae extract can be one or more seaweed bios such as kelp, yellow tang, sargassum, Enteromorpha through hydrolyzing
The active material that method, enzymatic isolation method or zymotechnique are extracted, prepared.
When the marine algae extract is Thallus Laminariae (Thallus Eckloniae) extract, can be played more with other soil conditioning ingredients in special fertilizer
Good compounding facilitation.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the marine algae extract is to be prepared by raw material of kelp.
To realize more preferably compounding synergistic effect, in the present invention, the content of organic matter in the mineral sources potassium fulvate >=
50%, full potassium content >=11%.
Activated humic acid content >=60% of the humic acid.
Further, to cooperate with soil conditioner, while meeting the nutritional need of protecting field industrial crops, the present invention
In, the middle microelement includes the mixture of magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc and manganese, and is selected from one of copper, boron, molybdenum or a variety of.
Preferably, the middle microelement includes magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron and molybdenum.
In the present invention, the basis fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer；
Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer includes urea and/or ammonium salt；The phosphate fertilizer includes phosphate；The potash fertilizer includes sylvite.
Further, for inventor by largely studying and comparing discovery, the nutrient of low-phosphorous-high potassium of high nitrogen-is multiple
With mode, it is more advantageous to the growth of protecting field industrial crops, while can more effectively be cooperated with soil conditioner, soil is improved
Nutrient and fertility.
Specifically, the active constituent of speciality fertilizers on commercial crops of the present invention is grouped as by following group:
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:2~7:10 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
For the property stability for guaranteeing fertilizer product, further, in the present invention, the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops further includes
Auxiliary material.
Preferably, the formula of the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops is as follows:
Second aspect, the present invention provide the preparation method of the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) material mixes: middle microelement and soil conditioning component being mixed, after nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and clay is added
It mixes；
(2) by the material granulation of mixing；
(3) drying, cooling screening, anti-compaction processing.
At 50 DEG C -70 DEG C, moisture content is controlled in 4.0%-6.5% for temperature of charge control in the granulation process.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) by middle microelement with soil conditioning component in being uniformly mixed in double-spiral conical mixer, by belt transport
To Horizontal type helical ribbon mixer；
(2) part nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is added to be uniformly mixed in Horizontal type helical ribbon mixer；
(3) remaining nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and clay filled object is added, rotary drum granulator is sent by measuring belt.
(4) it is passed through water and steam appropriate in rotary drum granulator, makes temperature of charge control at 50 DEG C -70 DEG C, moisture contains
Amount control is granulated in 4.0%-6.5%.
(5) after drum granulating, by drying, cooling screening, anti-compaction, metering, packaging etc. to get for multi-functional conditioning soil
Earth type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops.
The third aspect, the present invention also provides the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops in soil conditioning or industrial crops plantation
Using.
Preferably, the industrial crops plantation is that vegetable at protected field is planted.
Multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention has the advantage that
1, improve soil aggregate structure, repair hardened soil, increase soil organic matter content
With essence of loosening the soil, marine algae extract, mineral sources potassium fulvate in protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention
It is soil conditioner with humic acid, which designs for the characteristics of protecting field soil, can be effectively improved guarantor
The soil texture and quality of shield ground plantation.Wherein, loosen the soil essence be macromolecule high active substance, stability is strong, can arbitrary proportion it is molten
Yu Shui is adapted to the various protecting field soil such as acidity, neutrality, alkalinity, viscosity, sand, can be with the seaweed in marine algae extract
Acid, the collaboration of mannitol isoreactivity substance promote, and are aided with the effect of mineral sources potassium fulvate and humic acid, improve soil granular knot
Structure eliminates soil hardening, enhances soil penetrability；The cushion performance of soil is improved, soil caused by alleviating because of excessive fertilization
The harm of secondary salinization and continuous cropping to protecting field crop.
Small molecule organic matter in mineral sources potassium fulvate and the medium and macromolecular organic matter in humic acid cooperate
Effect can be acted on improved soil nodule structure with soil particle, make the granule that Zinc fractions are not of uniform size, stable structure is dredged
Mellow soil improves the retain water and nutrients ability of soil, can also adjust pH value, reduces the content of heavy metal in soil, reduce salt from
Harm of the son to seed and seedling.
2, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved
In the present invention, essence of loosening the soil can also promote beneficial microorganism growth and development in soil, improve utilization rate of fertilizer；Mine
Material resource potassium fulvate also has the function of fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, activation potassium, especially particularly evident to the synergy of potash fertilizer.
3, nutrition is comprehensively, formula is scientific and reasonable, promotes plant growth, improves product quality
Multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention is that low-phosphorous-high potassium type of high nitrogen-is matched
Side, consistent with the regulation of fertilizer requirement of industrial crops, which is also added to magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc, violent, copper, boron, molybdenum comprehensively
The microelement in, to meet the needs of industrial crops centering microelement, in addition, marine algae extract, mineral sources potassium fulvate
Also have the function of stimulating plant growth with the organic matter in humic acid, improve product quality.
4, fertiliser granulates character is stablized, and product quality is high
The organic components such as essence, marine algae extract, mineral sources potassium fulvate and humic acid that loosen the soil are added, so that fertilizer is being granulated
In the process, the viscosity of whole material reduces, and fertilizer product is easy to harden, and the present invention has been obtained by optimizing preparation process for this hair
The preparation method of the bright special fertilizer, has obtained the stable fertilizer product of property.
Experiment proves that multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention, it can be significant
Increase the porosity of greenhouse gardening soil, reduce the soil weight, improves soil texture；Further increase the list of greenhouse gardening vegetables
Fruit weight, single plant connect fruit number, and then improve the yield of vegetables, while improving nutrients in the vigor and vegetables of the root system of vegetables
The content of matter promotes the quality of victual.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.It will be appreciated that following real
Providing merely to play the purpose of explanation for example is applied, is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.The skill of this field
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and purpose of the present invention, can carry out various modifications and replace to the present invention.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified, wherein pine
Native essence is purchased from Henan Xu Yang agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd, and marine algae extract is purchased from Jinan Hang Chen Biotechnology Co., Ltd, mineral
Source potassium fulvate innovates humic acid Science and Technology Ltd. purchased from Shandong.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, component is as follows: urea
30 parts, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, one
0.3 part of water zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations,
It loosens the soil 0.5 part, 0.8 part of marine algae extract, 0.8 part of mineral sources potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of humic acid, 7 parts of clay smart.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of preparation method for above-mentioned fertilizer, specific as follows:
Step 1: according to parts by weight, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3 part of monohydrate zinc sulphate,
0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations, 0.5 part of essence of loosening the soil, sea
0.8 part of algae extract, 0.8 part of mineral sources potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of humic acid, in double-spiral conical mixer be uniformly mixed, by
Belt transport is to Horizontal type helical ribbon mixer.
Step 2: according to parts by weight, 7 parts of urea, 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 4.5 parts of sulphur being added in the mixture of step 1
Sour potassium is uniformly mixed in Horizontal type helical ribbon mixer.
Step 3: according to parts by weight, 23 parts of urea, 15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30.5 parts of sulphur are added in the mixture of step 2
Sour potassium, 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 7 parts of clay filled objects, are sent into rotary drum granulator by measuring belt.
Step 4: being passed through water and steam appropriate in rotary drum granulator, make temperature of charge control at 50 DEG C -70 DEG C, moisture
Content controls between 4.0%-6.5%.
Step 5: after drum granulating, material passes through the links such as drying, cooling screening, anti-compaction, metering, packaging, as more
Function improves soil type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops.
Obtained product specification is that microelement+0.5% loosens the soil smart+0.8% marine algae extract+0.8% in 16-9-18+
+ 0.8% humic acid of mineral sources potassium fulvate.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, component is as follows: urea
30 parts, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, one
0.3 part of water zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations,
It loosens the soil 0.7 part, 1.1 parts of marine algae extract, 1.1 parts of mineral sources potassium fulvate, 1.1 parts of humic acid, 5.9 parts of clay smart.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned fertilizer.
Obtained product specification is that microelement+0.7% loosens the soil smart+1.1% marine algae extract+1.1% in 16-9-18+
+ 1.1% humic acid of mineral sources potassium fulvate.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, component is as follows: urea
30 parts, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, one
0.3 part of water zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations,
It loosens the soil 0.8 part, 1.5 parts of marine algae extract, 1.5 parts of mineral sources potassium fulvate, 1.5 parts of humic acid, 4.6 parts of clay smart.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned fertilizer.
Obtained product specification is that microelement+0.8% loosens the soil smart+1.5% marine algae extract+1.5% in 16-9-18+
+ 1.5% humic acid of mineral sources potassium fulvate.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of fertilizer, and component is as follows: 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, and 35 parts of potassium sulfate, carbonic acid
3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 12 parts of clay.
Above-mentioned fertilizer the preparation method is as follows:
Step 1: according to parts by weight, 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, clay
12 parts by belt weighing balance measure respectively after be sent into rotary drum granulator.
Step 2: being passed through water and steam appropriate in rotary drum granulator, make temperature of charge control at 50 DEG C -70 DEG C, moisture
Content controls between 4.0%-6.5%.
Step 3: after drum granulating, material passes through the links such as drying, cooling screening, anti-compaction, metering, packaging, as more
Function improves soil type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops.
Obtained product specification is 16-9-18.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of fertilizer, and component is as follows: 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, and 35 parts of potassium sulfate, carbonic acid
3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3 part of monohydrate zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, five
0.3 part of brochanite, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate, 9.9 parts of clay of hydrations.
Above-mentioned method for preparing fertilizer is the same as embodiment 1 (corresponding missing component is not added).
Obtained product specification is microelement in 16-9-18+.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of fertilizer, and component is as follows: 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, and 35 parts of potassium sulfate, carbonic acid
3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 0.7 part, 1.1 parts of marine algae extract, 1.1 parts of mineral sources potassium fulvate, 1.1 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of clay of essence of loosening the soil.
Above-mentioned method for preparing fertilizer is the same as embodiment 1 (corresponding missing component is not added).
Obtained product specification is that 16-9-18+0.7% loosens the soil smart+1.1% mineral sources fulvic acid of+1.1% marine algae extract
+ 1.1% humic acid of potassium.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of fertilizer, and component is as follows: 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, and 35 parts of potassium sulfate, carbonic acid
3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3 part of monohydrate zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, five
0.3 part of brochanite, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations, 1.2 parts of essence of loosening the soil, 2.2 parts of marine algae extract, mineral
2.2 parts of source potassium fulvate, 2.2 parts of humic acid, 2.1 parts of clay.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned fertilizer.
Obtained product specification is that microelement+1.2% loosens the soil smart+2.2% marine algae extract+2.2% in 16-9-18+
+ 2.2% humic acid of mineral sources potassium fulvate.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a kind of fertilizer, and component is as follows: 30 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, and 35 parts of potassium sulfate, carbonic acid
3 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 0.5 part of epsom salt, 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3 part of monohydrate zinc sulphate, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate monohydrate, five
0.3 part of brochanite, 0.3 part of boric acid, four 0.1 part of ammonium heptamolybdate of hydrations, 0.2 part of essence of loosening the soil, 0.3 part of marine algae extract, mineral
0.3 part of source potassium fulvate, 0.3 part of humic acid, 8.8 parts of clay.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for above-mentioned fertilizer.
Obtained product specification is that microelement+0.2% loosens the soil smart+0.3% marine algae extract+0.3% in 16-9-18+
+ 0.3% humic acid of mineral sources potassium fulvate.
1 product testing of experimental example
In rotary drum prilling process, the viscosity of material and water content an important factor for being fertiliser granulates balling ratio, fertilizer contains
Water is an important factor for leading to hardened product, dusting.Character to the fertilizer products of the various embodiments described above and comparative example and steady
Qualitative progress workshop pilot scale comparison test analysis, the results are shown in Table 1, it can be seen from Table 1 that, the balling ratio of comparative example 4 is aobvious
It writes and is lower than other embodiments and comparative example, hardened, pulverization rate in 3 months significantly improve.Show to loosen the soil essence, marine algae extract,
The additive amount of the soil conditionings substance such as mineral sources potassium fulvate and humic acid is unsuitable excessively high, otherwise will reduce whole material and glues
Property, increase granulating system water content, improve the hardened dusting of fertilizer product probability, thus improve the energy consumption of production, increase
Production cost, the stability for reducing product quality.
1 granulation of fertilizer balling ratio of table and hardened, pulverization rate contrast table
The test of 2 Greenhouse of experimental example
For the effect for verifying multifunction soil conditioning-type protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops provided by the invention, greenhouse is chosen
Tomato is to arrange field fertilizer efficiency for studying object.
Test site is selected in the Linyi orchid Ling County town Zhuan Wu green house of vegetables (9m × 100m).
1, test material and design
It is loam, soil nutrient content are as follows: organic matter 1.8%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 134mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 35mg/ for examination soil
Kg, available potassium 125mg/kg, soil pH value 6.8, soil weight 1.65g/cm3, soil porosity 37.66%.
It is tomato for studying object, kind is preferred powder 3.
6 processing are set altogether, and specific processing is shown in Table 2, and every processing is repeated 3 times, random district's groups arrangement, and experimental plot area is
36m2, 9m × 4m rectangle, surrounding, which is set, protects row, and every cell is colonized 90 plants of tomato.All processing doses are 2250Kg/
hm2, every cell dose is 8.10Kg, and equal 2/5 fertilizer is applied for base, and 3/5 fertilizer point, 3 equivalent impose.Tomato is in 2017
Field planting on October 10, in, on January 20th, 2018, harvest finished, and growth period is 102 days total.The fields such as remaining weeding, laxative, irrigation
Management measure is identical.
2 tomato fertilizer treatment of table
2, measurement index and method
(1) soil weight: core cutter method is layouted in field trial cell by serpentine after tomato harvests, and acquires topsoil (0-
20cm) soil sample 4Kg takes back 1Kg mixed soil sample room-dry measurement soil physico-chemical property with quartering.Unit g/cm3。
(2) soil porosity: (soil particle density-soil weight)/soil density × 100, unit: %.
(3) soil pH value: pH meter.
(4) tomato production index:
Tomato production measurement: the total output of each processing, unit K g are measured.
Tomato fruit number: statistics tomato fruit number.
Tomato single fruit weight measures fixed: measuring the weight of tomato, unit K g.
(5) measurement of tomato physical signs
The measurement of tomato root activity: in given interval, tomato root activity is measured with TTC method.
(6) measurement of the tomato index of quality
Soluble sugar: phynol method, measurement when tomato fruit has 60% coloring are utilized.
Vitamin C (hereinafter referred to as VC) content: acidimetry, measurement when tomato fruit has 60% coloring are utilized.
2, test result and analysis
Influence of 3 different fertilization of table to soil physico-chemical property
The soil weight and total porosity can be used as the index for judging soil fertility, and the soil weight is excessive, show soil
Consolidation, be unfavorable for it is permeable, ventilate, take root, and will cause Eh decline and there are various noxious materials and endanger root system of plant；Soil holds
Weight is too small, and organic matter decomposition can be made to overrun, and fasten plant roots and loosely and easily topple over.Therefore, in a certain range, soil
Bulk density is smaller, total porosity is bigger, illustrates the structural better of soil, soil fertility is higher.It can be seen from Table 3 that implementing
Example 1, embodiment 2, the volume to weight ratio comparative example 1 of embodiment 3, comparative example 2, comparative example 5 significantly reduce, and the former is than the soil of the latter
Total porosity significantly improves, and illustrates rationally to add the soil tune such as essence, marine algae extract, mineral sources potassium fulvate, humic acid that loosen the soil
Reason substance (hereinafter referred to as soil conditioning substance) can significantly reduce the soil weight, improve soil porosity, to reach
Conditioning, improvement soil physico-chemical property, improve the effect of soil texture.
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 bulk density successively reduce, total porosity is sequentially increased, illustrate of the invention
In claimed range, with the increase of soil conditioning substance additive amount, the effect of conditioning soil caused by fertilizer is bigger.
Comparative example 4 is to add the soil fertility quality of large dosage of soil conditioning substance, and the processing soil weight is minimum, soil is total
Porosity is maximum, but the quality stability of the granulating situation and product in the comprehensive comparative example production process, adds soil conditioning
The soil treatment effect that the product property of the too high levels of substance, fertilizer is poor and cannot be optimal.
Influence of 4 different fertilization of table to tomato production index
It can be seen from Table 4 that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the single fruit weight of embodiment 3, per plant number are maximum, therefore
Cell production and theoretical yield are also maximum, and theoretical yield is respectively than the volume increase of comparative example 1 50.8%, 51.9%, 52.0%；Compare respectively
The volume increase of comparative example 2 31.8%, 32.8%, 32.9%；Respectively than the volume increase of comparative example 3 29.8%, 30.7%, 30.8%, illustrate same
A certain amount of middle microelement of Shi Tianjia and soil conditioning substance, can effectively increase the single fruit weight and yield of tomato.It is real
It is suitable with 4 yield of comparative example to apply example 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, increases production 42.1%, 43.2%, 43.3% than comparative example 5 respectively,
Illustrate that the additive capacity of soil conditioning substance should can be only achieved optimum efficiency in a certain range.
Influence of 5 different fertilization of table to the tomato index of quality
It can be seen from Table 5 that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, the root activity of embodiment 3, soluble sugar content, vitamin
C content is maximum, and embodiment 2 increases by 35%, 17.8%, 13.9% than comparative example 1 respectively, increase by 17.4% than comparative example 2,
5.3%, 7.8%, than comparative example 3 increase by 12.5%, 6.2%, 11.7%, illustrate at the same add a certain amount of middle microelement with
Soil conditioning substance can be effectively improved the quality of tomato.Embodiment 2 is suitable with 4 index of comparative example, divides than comparative example 5
Not Zeng Jia by 14.9%, 6.5%, 8.8%, illustrate that the additive capacity of soil conditioning substance should can be only achieved in a certain range most
Good effect.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention.When the technology contents using the disclosure above are modified or are modified
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of protecting field speciality fertilizers on commercial crops, which is characterized in that the special fertilizer includes basis fertilizer, middle microelement and soil
Earth conditioner, the soil conditioner include loosen the soil essence, the mixture of marine algae extract and humic acid and selected from fulvic acid, Huang
One of rotten hydrochlorate；
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:4~9:5 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
2. speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil conditioner by organizing grouping as follows
At:
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:3~1:1 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
3. speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that alginic acid in the marine algae extract
Content be 30~50g/L；The content of gibberellin is 0.15~0.3mg/g；The content of heteroauxin is 0.28~0.47mg/g.
4. described in any item speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that the middle microelement packet
Include the mixture of magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc and manganese and selected from one of copper, boron, molybdenum or a variety of；
Preferably, the middle microelement includes magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron and molybdenum.
5. speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the basis fertilizer includes nitrogen
Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer；
The nitrogenous fertilizer includes urea and/or ammonium salt；
The phosphate fertilizer includes phosphate；
The potash fertilizer includes sylvite.
6. described in any item speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to claim 1~5, which is characterized in that its active constituent is by as follows
Group is grouped as:
The essence of loosening the soil is 1:2~7:10 with marine algae extract weight ratio.
7. described in any item speciality fertilizers on commercial crops according to claim 1~6, which is characterized in that the industrial crops are dedicated
Fertilizer further includes auxiliary material；
Preferably, the formula of the speciality fertilizers on commercial crops is as follows:
8. the preparation method of the described in any item speciality fertilizers on commercial crops of claim 1~7, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) material mixes: middle microelement and soil conditioning component being mixed, mixed after nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and clay is added
It is even；
(2) by the material granulation of mixing；
(3) drying, cooling screening, anti-compaction processing.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that temperature of charge control is 50 in the granulation process
DEG C -70 DEG C, moisture content is controlled in 4.0%-6.5%.
10. the described in any item speciality fertilizers on commercial crops of claim 1~7 answering in soil conditioning or industrial crops plantation
With；
Preferably, the industrial crops plantation is that vegetable at protected field is planted.
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Application publication date: 20190308 |