CN105693425A - Fertilizer applicable to saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer applicable to saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105693425A CN105693425A CN201610041707.6A CN201610041707A CN105693425A CN 105693425 A CN105693425 A CN 105693425A CN 201610041707 A CN201610041707 A CN 201610041707A CN 105693425 A CN105693425 A CN 105693425A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention relates to a fertilizer applicable to saline-alkali soil. The fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from zeolite, weathered coal, a microbial agent, excrements of livestock, edible mushroom dregs, a water-retaining agent, turf, kitchen waste products and inorganic fertilizers. A preparation method of the fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1, mixing crushed edible mushroom dregs and excrements of livestock, adjusting a carbon nitrogen ratio of the mixture to be 25/1 to 30/1, and then adding the microbial agent for fertilizing; S2, adding the weathered coal, the zeolite, the turf and the kitchen waste products to the fertilized mixture in step S1, and then mixing and granulating to obtain fertilizer particles; S3, mixing the particles obtained in the step S2 and the water-retaining agent, and then uniformly stirring to obtain the fertilizer applicable to the saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Agricultural Fertilizer in agricultural production, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof。
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is the general designation of solonchak and alkaline earth。9.5 × 10 have been reached according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics whole world saline-alkali soil area8hm2And it is annual with 1.0 × 106~1.5 × 106hm2Speed increment。China's saline-alkali soil area is 3.7 × 107hm2Almost spread over the whole nation。The salinization of soil not only results in soil productivity and reduces, and causes many ecological environment problems。
Salt-soda soil is important land resource, and a kind of land type being widely distributed on the earth accounts for the 25% of the land gross area, amounts to about 1,000,000,000 hectares, is distributed in arid area, each continent。China there are about 0.27 hundred million hectares of wherein 0.06 hundred million hectares of arable lands, 0.21 hundred million hectares of wastelands are mainly distributed on northeast, North China, Northwest inland area and North of Yangtze River coastal area, are mainly distributed on Delta Region of The Yellow River and area, the ancient riverbed of the Yellow River and have the trend increased year by year。
Saline Land not only causes the destruction of resource, the massive losses of agricultural production, but also biosphere and ecological environment are constituted a threat to, and shows environment and the harm of economic two aspects。The appearance of some environmental problems also causes with development or has increased the weight of salinization of soil problem, the wherein comparatively prominent Global climate change being greenhouse effect and causing, causing the signs of drought to increase, sea level rise, exacerbates salification process and the threat of potential salinization of soil directly or indirectly。It addition, salination process often with Desertification Process phase association, conversion mutually of even mutually promoting。
The area of salt-soda soil distribution broadly falls into Plain and basin, and landform is smooth, soil layer is deep, suitable tractor-ploughing, have soil fertility, one improved be exactly an appreciable land resource。Produce huge economic benefit and social benefit。
A resource being regarded as in salt-soda soil, is used, it is not just a burden。National agricultural, in development, will ensure arable land and grain security, and administering salt-soda soil is the effective way turned waste into wealth, and is the big problem that must solve。
In order to improve salt-soda soil, Appropriate application work, agricultural wastes resource, develop and a kind of become particularly important with agriculture and industry waste for the fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land that primary raw material is made。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof, to reach effectively to improve the effect in salt-soda soil。
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil, described fertilizer is made up of zeolite, weathered coal, microbial bacterial agent, feces of livestock and poultry, edible fungi residues, water-retaining agent, the peat composed of rotten mosses, changing food waste output object and inorganic fertilizer。
Further, in described fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 7~16 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 5~10 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.5~1 part, feces of livestock and poultry 28~31 parts, edible fungi residues 16~19 parts, water-retaining agent 0.5~1 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10~20 parts, changing food waste output object 5~10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 8~11 parts。
Further, in described fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 10~13 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 6~9 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.6~0.9 part, feces of livestock and poultry 29~30 parts, edible fungi residues 17~18 parts, water-retaining agent 0.6~0.9 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 13~17 parts, changing food waste output object 6~9 parts, inorganic fertilizer 9~11 parts。
Further, described weathered coal is containing the acid weathered coal that humic acid 60% and pH value are 4.7。
Further, described microbial bacterial agent is EM composite bacteria agent capable。
Further, described feces of livestock and poultry is pig manure and/or chicken manure。
Further, described water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide or ammonium polyacrylate。
Further, described edible fungi residues is at least one in Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii dreg。
Further, described changing food waste output object is the changing food waste output object containing organic more than 70%。
The preparation method of a kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil, weighs various raw material in proportion, and prepares described fertilizer according to the following steps:
S1: mixing with feces of livestock and poultry after being pulverized by edible fungi residues, the carbon-nitrogen ratio regulating described mixture is 25/1~30/1, then adds microbial bacterial agent and ferment;
S2: add weathered coal, zeolite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and changing food waste output object in the mixture after fermenting in step S1, granulating after mixing obtains fertiliser granulates;
S3: stir after being mixed with inorganic fertilizer and water-retaining agent by the granule of step S2 gained, obtains the described fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil。
The invention provides a kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil and preparation method thereof, it mainly has the beneficial effect that
1. zeolite wide material sources, cheap and nontoxic。Na in zeolite+、K+、Ca2+Be combined etc. cation other particle in lattice and be not as tight, it is possible to carrying out reversible exchange with other cation in solution, this alkali exchange capacity can be used to improve saline-alkali soil。Zeolite has stronger absorption property and ion-exchange capacity, it is possible to play the effect of fertilizer conservation, fertilizer。Zeolite can chesson, zeolite itself also contains the micro-nutrient of crop needs。
2. the activity of Soil Microorganism is had facilitation by weathered coal humic acid。It is that soil azotobacter is significantly increased on the one hand, makes the content of nitrate significantly increase, enrich the nitrogen nutrition of soil, improve the nutritional condition of crop root;On the other hand, use humic acid and make the quantity increase of aerophile bacterium, actinomycetes, cellulose-decomposing bacteria, be conducive to accelerating organic mineralising, promote the release of nutrient;Weathered coal humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate;Hydroxyl in weathered coal humic acid, the carboxyl calcium ion generation aggregation easily and in soil, is the formation of the crumb structure of soil again through the physiological action of root system of plant。When the crumb structure of soil improves, its unit weight reduces, voidage increases, thus possessing good permeability。Owing to humic acid is the acidic materials of a kind of macromole, it is possible to reduced the pH value of saline-alkali soil by acid-base neutralization and exchange interaction, reduce exchangeable sodium ion, reach to administer the effect in salt-soda soil。
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil described in the embodiment of the present invention and preparation method thereof, for specific experiment case, detailed description of the invention is described below, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention。
Embodiment 1
Fertilizer formula suitable in salt-soda soil of the present invention: 7 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 5 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.5 part, feces of livestock and poultry 28 parts, edible fungi residues 16 parts, water-retaining agent 0.5 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10 parts, changing food waste output object 5 parts, inorganic fertilizer 8 parts, wherein 4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 2 parts of potash fertilizer。Described weathered coal is containing the acid weathered coal that humic acid 60% and pH value are 4.7, described microbial bacterial agent is EM microbial inoculum, described farm manure is pig manure and chicken manure, described water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide or ammonium polyacrylate, described edible fungi residues is at least one in Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii dreg, described changing food waste output object is the changing food waste output object containing organic 80%, and described nitrogenous fertilizer is granular urea;Described phosphate fertilizer is bone meal, MAP and Diammonium phosphate (DAP);Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, can supplement the nitrogen in soil, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, etc. multiple element。
Described in the embodiment of the present invention 1, the preparation method of fertilizer comprises the following steps:
S1: mixing with feces of livestock and poultry after being pulverized by edible fungi residues, the carbon-nitrogen ratio regulating described mixture is 25/1~30/1, then adds microbial bacterial agent and ferment;
S2: add weathered coal, zeolite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and changing food waste output object in the mixture after fermenting in step S1, granulating after mixing obtains fertiliser granulates;
S3: stir after being mixed with inorganic fertilizer and water-retaining agent by the granule of step S2 gained, obtains the described fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil。
Embodiment 2
Fertilizer formula suitable in salt-soda soil of the present invention: 16 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 10 parts, microbial bacterial agent 1 part, feces of livestock and poultry 31 parts, edible fungi residues 19 parts, water-retaining agent 1 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 20 parts, changing food waste output object 10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 11 parts, wherein 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 3 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 3 parts of potash fertilizer。Described weathered coal is containing the acid weathered coal that humic acid 60% and pH value are 4.7, described microbial bacterial agent is EM microbial inoculum, described farm manure is pig manure and chicken manure, described water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide or ammonium polyacrylate, described edible fungi residues is at least one in Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii dreg, described changing food waste output object is the changing food waste output object containing organic 70%, and described nitrogenous fertilizer is granular urea;Described phosphate fertilizer is bone meal, MAP and Diammonium phosphate (DAP);Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, can supplement the nitrogen in soil, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, etc. multiple element。
Its preparation method and Term Fertilization method are identical with embodiment 1。
Embodiment 3
Fertilizer formula suitable in salt-soda soil of the present invention: 12 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 8 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.8 part, feces of livestock and poultry 30 parts, edible fungi residues 18 parts, water-retaining agent 0.8 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 15 parts, changing food waste output object 8 parts, inorganic fertilizer 9 parts, wherein 4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2.5 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 2.5 parts of potash fertilizer。Described weathered coal is containing the acid weathered coal that humic acid 60% and pH value are 4.7, described microbial bacterial agent is EM microbial inoculum, described farm manure is pig manure and chicken manure, described water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide or ammonium polyacrylate, described edible fungi residues is at least one in Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii dreg, described changing food waste output object is the changing food waste output object containing organic 75%, and described nitrogenous fertilizer is granular urea;Described phosphate fertilizer is bone meal, MAP and Diammonium phosphate (DAP);Described potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, can supplement the nitrogen in soil, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, etc. multiple element。
Its preparation method and Term Fertilization method are identical with embodiment 1。
Fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land described in embodiment 1~3 is applied in the salt-soda soil of Wudi County, Accessories during Binzhou, Shandong Province to test, this experimental field edaphic condition be: soil salt content 4 ‰, soil pH is 8.6, and soil organic matter content is 6.3g/kg。Rate of fertilizer is 95kg/ mu, turns over rotary cultivator, makes improvement fertilizer and treats that improvement alkaline land soil is fully contacted。Pour water after fertilising, and water yield infiltration should be greater than the deep soil layer of 20cm。Measuring 0~20cm soil layer after 1 year, soil pH content all has reduction in various degree, and the content of organic matter increases, and concrete data are in Table 1。
Table 1
Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
pH | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8.5 |
Organic (g/kg) | 6.8 | 7.6 | 7.2 |
Na in the present invention, in zeolite+、K+、Ca2+Be combined etc. cation other particle in lattice and be not as tight, it is possible to carrying out reversible exchange with other cation in solution, this alkali exchange capacity can be used to improve saline-alkali soil。Water-retaining agent can be released water in soil for thousands of times repeatedly and shrink and imbibition, substantial amounts of hole is caused to soil, improve the breathability of soil, water penetration, improve rhizospheric environment, also enhance the activity of rhizosphere microorganism simultaneously, accelerate the decomposition of organic mineral substance around rhizosphere and be conducive to Root Absorption, promoted the growth promoter of root system and plant, improved soil matrix。Feces of livestock and poultry can play chesson and increase the effect of water retention, makes soil be unlikely to harden, and promotes the formation of soil aggregate。The peat composed of rotten mosses, containing various elements such as abundant nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, is the organic substance of pure natural, and it is the green matter of a kind of aseptic, nontoxic, nuisanceless, pollution-free, noresidue。And can recover and improve the ability of the water holding of soil, ventilation and fertilizer conservation, can have additional nutrients again composition。After edible fungi residues is manured into soil; the physicochemical property of soil can also be improved further, increase soil organic matter content, promote formation and the conversion of agron and granule group; strengthen the growth of retention ability and permeability and stimulation rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing microorganism, improve soil water-retaining performance and soil fertility。Microorganism can produce glucide, and with plant mucilage, mineral idiosome and organic colloid combine, it is possible to improves soil aggregate, strengthens the physical property of soil and reduces the loss of soil particle, promoting soil and store fertile, water holding capacity。Under certain conditions, moreover it is possible to participate in the formation of humus。The activity of Soil Microorganism is had facilitation by weathered coal humic acid。It is that soil azotobacter is significantly increased on the one hand, makes the content of nitrate significantly increase, enrich the nitrogen nutrition of soil, improve the nutritional condition of crop root;On the other hand, use humic acid and make the quantity increase of aerophile bacterium, actinomycetes, cellulose-decomposing bacteria, be conducive to accelerating organic mineralising, promote the release of nutrient。Weathered coal humic acid can promote the formation of soil aggregate。Hydroxyl in humic acid, the carboxyl calcium ion generation aggregation easily and in soil, is the formation of the crumb structure of soil again through the physiological action of root system of plant。When the crumb structure of soil improves, its unit weight reduces, voidage increases, thus possessing good permeability。Owing to humic acid is the acidic materials of a kind of macromole, it is possible to reduced the pH value of saline-alkali soil by acid-base neutralization and exchange interaction, reduce exchangeable sodium ion, reach to administer the effect in salt-soda soil。
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone for the present invention any modification made under the enlightenment of the present invention or change, every have same or like with the application like technical scheme, all fall within protection scope of the present invention。
Claims (10)
1. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that: described fertilizer is made up of zeolite, weathered coal, microbial bacterial agent, feces of livestock and poultry, edible fungi residues, water-retaining agent, the peat composed of rotten mosses, changing food waste output object and inorganic fertilizer。
2. the fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 7~16 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 5~10 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.5~1 part, feces of livestock and poultry 28~31 parts, edible fungi residues 16~19 parts, water-retaining agent 0.5~1 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10~20 parts, changing food waste output object 5~10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 8~11 parts。
3. the fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 10~13 parts of zeolite, weathered coal 6~9 parts, microbial bacterial agent 0.6~0.9 part, feces of livestock and poultry 29~30 parts, edible fungi residues 17~18 parts, water-retaining agent 0.6~0.9 part, the peat composed of rotten mosses 13~17 parts, changing food waste output object 6~9 parts, inorganic fertilizer 9~11 parts。
4. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described weathered coal is containing the acid weathered coal that humic acid 60% and pH value are 4.7。
5. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described microbial bacterial agent is EM composite bacteria agent capable。
6. the fertilizer dedicated to alkaline land according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described feces of livestock and poultry is pig manure and/or chicken manure。
7. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described water-retaining agent is polyacrylamide or ammonium polyacrylate。
8. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described edible fungi residues is at least one in Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii dreg。
9. the fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described changing food waste output object is the changing food waste output object containing organic more than 70%。
10. the preparation method of a kind of fertilizer suitable in salt-soda soil according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: weigh various raw material in proportion, and prepare described fertilizer according to the following steps:
S1: mixing with feces of livestock and poultry after being pulverized by edible fungi residues, the carbon-nitrogen ratio regulating described mixture is 25/1~30/1, then adds microbial bacterial agent and ferment;
S2: add weathered coal, zeolite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and changing food waste output object in the mixture after fermenting in step S1, granulating after mixing obtains fertiliser granulates;
S3: stir after being mixed with inorganic fertilizer and water-retaining agent by the granule of step S2 gained, obtains the described fertilizer being applicable to salt-soda soil。
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CN106085438A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner improving Soil structure and preparation method |
CN106116968A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-16 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of containing acid soil conditioner and preparation method |
CN106147782A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner keeping soil moisture and preparation method |
CN106187406A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner prevented erosion and preparation method |
CN106187405A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of humic acid soil conditioner and preparation method |
CN106242892A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
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CN106187405A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of humic acid soil conditioner and preparation method |
CN106085438A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner improving Soil structure and preparation method |
CN106242892A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and preparation method thereof |
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