CN102503676B - Base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer - Google Patents
Base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102503676B CN102503676B CN201110327393.3A CN201110327393A CN102503676B CN 102503676 B CN102503676 B CN 102503676B CN 201110327393 A CN201110327393 A CN 201110327393A CN 102503676 B CN102503676 B CN 102503676B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer, comprising an inorganic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer and a bonder. The effective ingredients of the inorganic fertilizer contains following elements in mass percents of: major elements of 0-7 percent of N, 0-10 percent of P2O5 and 0-4 percent of K; secondary elements of 0.35-9.50 percent of Mg, 0.80-19.00 percent of Ca and 1.85-5.00 percent of S; and trace elements of 0.020-0.05 percent of B, 0.020-0.050 percent of Zn and 0.00-0.05 percent of Cu. The organic fertilizer is prepared from ammonium sulfate type compound amino acid, humic acid and humates or peat soil, and organic materials. According to the base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer disclosed by the invention, the nutrition constituents requested by the eucalyptus young growth are sufficiently met; the soil is improved and the use ratio of a topdressing fertilizer is improved for follow-up application and topdressing; the wastage rate of the fertilizer is decreased; the plant resistance is enhanced, and the growth rate is improved; and the waste of the fertilizer and the environmental area-source pollution are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer.
Background technology
Eucalyptus is the general name that Stenocalyx micheli eucalyptus belongs to seeds, originates in the torrid areas in Australia and Asia, is the leading seeds of global fast-growing, high-yield woods development, and China's Transplanting Eucalyptus has the history of more than 110 year, has now become the strategic seeds of south China fast-growing, high-yield woods.The result of the 7th national forest inventory, our the national artificial forest total area is 6,200 ten thousand hm
2left and right, eucalyptus accounts for national artificial forest cultivated area and only has 4.19%.Eucalyptus accounts for the national forest total area 1.3%, and the eucalyptus of 80% left and right is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, the Fujian of our country, and other are as Yunnan, Sichuan, the Chongqing also distribution of some.By the end of the year 2009, eucalyptus has spread all over 17 600Duo Ge counties of province of south China, total nearly 2,670,000 hm of cultivated area
2:, growing stock amount surpasses 6,000 ten thousand m
3, occupy the 3rd, the world, be only second to Brazil and India.Wherein, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Fujian are the emphasis provinces and regions of Eucalyptus Planting, add up to and exceed 2,000,000 hm
2, account for national Eucalyptus Planting area and the more than 80% of accumulation.Claim according to relevant expert, to the end of the year 2008, the existing eucalyptus plantation area in Guangxi has surpassed 810,000 hm
2, tempo position ranks first in the country, and has basically formed the general layout of diversification investments, also becomes mainstay industry and the forestry economic growth point in Guangxi simultaneously.
Eucalyptus is the chief species of the special woods of south China pulpwood simultaneously, has fast-growing, does the good characteristics such as straight, drought-resistant, barren, generally afforests and within 5～7 years, just can fell utilization.Therefore its timber is widely used in and manufactures slurry paper, wood-based panel industry, building construction, Furniture manufacture, afforestation etc.The economic benefit of eucalyptus is abundant, and the economic rate of return of plantation eucalyptus is one of project the highest at present a lot of industries.
How improving eucalyptus output is one of key factor improving eucalyptus economic benefit, and fertilising is to improve one of requisite important Silvicultural Measures of eucalyptus output.Apply under normal circumstances composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer refers in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrients of potassium to have at least two breedings to divide the fertilizer of being only made up of chemical process of the amount of showing, is the one of composite fertilizer.
Aspect fertilizer, due to various places soil, the each growth phase regulation of fertilizer requirement of eucalyptus (expert's result of study: in Eucalyptus process, average every strain will absorb 36 grams, macroelement nitrogen, 2.8 grams, phosphorus, 20 grams, potassium every year from soil; 31 grams of moderate-element calcium, 8.5 grams, magnesium, 4 grams of sulphur), many-sided difference such as fertilizer variety, raw material sources, fertiliser production producer, caused eucalyptus fertilising also not form unified standard in the fertilizer practice problem of fertilizer nutrient, fertilizer formula, rate of fertilizer application, fertilization time, fertilization mode etc.Fact proved, not scientific and reasonable big area forest fertilization, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and fertilizer loss is large, can bring pollution to soil, water body.Such as the red soil region in Guangxi accounts for very large proportion, Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, potassium nutrition relatively lack, and content of calcium and magnesium is also not enough, and trace element especially copper, zinc, boron contents level are low, the land occupation condition of various places also varies.Thereby cause the fertilising of current eucalyptus more chaotic: to have bulk application, also have bulk application not; Useful phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer when bulk application, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, some has added trace element, and some does not but add.Because nutrient content is incomplete, unbalanced, can not meet the required nutrient of Eucalyptus with apply fertilizer comprehensively, easily cause the generation of physiological disturbance, general yield-increasing efficiency is low.
China Patent No.: ZL200610125356.3, denomination of invention is: in the patent of fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, disclose a kind of fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, contained the effective constituent of following mass percent: N 5%～18%, P in this special fertilizer
2o
57%～15%, K
2o 5%～12%, Cu 0.05%～0.3%, Zn 0.05%～0.4%, B 0.05%～0.2%, although this special fertilizer can improve the stimulation ratio of eucalyptus to a certain extent, but eucalyptus Special basal fertilizer formula does not relate to and will add moderate-element, be not well positioned to meet the fertile requirement of the healthy fast long need of eucalyptus.Therefore develop a kind of new fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, better to adapt to the demand of current eucalyptus plantation volume increase, to realize the Sustainable development of eucalyptus plantation and industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer, its nutrient supply feature and eucalyptus plantation feature that has considered China's eucalyptus growing area soil (is planted a generation, stay and sprouted for two generations) and growth regulation of fertilizer requirement, by reasonably combined macroelement take add organic matter as basis, be equipped with in right amount middle amount and trace element, both met Eucalyptus Seedlings growth nutrient demand, improved Soil structure simultaneously, topdress and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer that topdresses for subsequent applications, reduce fertilizer loss, strengthen plant resistance to environment stress, improve stimulation ratio, reduce fertilizer waste and environment pollution of area source.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer, it comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer and binding agent.In the effective constituent of inorganic fertilizer, contain the element of following mass percent, macroelement: N 0%～7%, P
2o
50%～10%, K
2o 0%～4%; Moderate-element: Mg 0.35%～9.50%, Ca 0.80%～19.00%, S 1.80%～5.00%; Trace element B 0.020%～0.050%, Zn0.020%～0.050%, Cu 0.00%～0.050%.
Described fertilizer is prepared from by sulphur ammonium type aminoacids complex, humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil, organic materials.
The weight percent that the each component of described fertilizer and binding agent account for base manure type Eco-fertilizer is: sulphur ammonium type aminoacids complex 0.5～3%, humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil 15～50%, organic materials 0～20%, binding agent 0～5%.
Described binding agent was the kaolin of 80～100 mesh sieves.
Effective constituent proportioning in described inorganic fertilizer is N: P
2o
5: K
2o: Ca: Mg: S: B: Zn: Cu=6～7: 4～10: 3～4: 1～2: 1～1.5: 1.5～2.0: 0.04～0.05: 0.03～0.05: 0.03～0.05; The weight ratio sulphur ammonium type that preferably feeds intake aminoacids complex between the each component of described fertilizer: humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil: organism material=1～1.5: 25～30: 10～14.
N element in described macroelement in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, nitrocalcite and calcium ammonium nitrate one or more material mix provide; P
2o
5for in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, ground phosphate rock and bone meal one or more material mix provide; K
2the material of one or more that O is Repone K, potassium sulfate, potassium silicate, potassium magnesium sulfate and saltpetre mixes to be provided.
Mg element in described moderate-element is for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, provide as one or more the material in bitter salt and monohydrate acid magnesium, potassium magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesiumcarbonate and magnesium oxide mixes containing the magnesium sulfate of crystal water; Ca element in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, unslaked lime, white lime and carbonic acid lime one or more material mix provide; S element is for anhydrous magnesium sulfate, provide as one or more the material in bitter salt and monohydrate acid magnesium, calcium superphosphate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium sulfate, gypsum, sulfuric acid, manganous sulfate and sulphur mixes containing the magnesium sulfate of crystal water.
B element in described trace element in borax, boric acid and boron mud one or more material mix provide; Zn element is for Zincomed, provide as one or more the material in Zinc vitriol and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, chelating state zinc and zinc oxide mixes containing the zinc sulfate of crystal water; Cu element is for anhydrous cupric sulfate, provide as one or more the material in cupric sulfate pentahydrate and cupric oxide mixes containing the copper sulfate of crystal water.
Described organic materials is that one or more in fowl and animal excrement, manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery, municipal sludge, natural pond slag, paulownia bran and tea bran are mixed with and form by raw material, and wherein fowl and animal excrement comprises cow dung, chicken manure and sheep excrement.
The preparation method of described organic materials is:
(1) mixed material feeding of raw material, in the ratio mixture that is each other 1～3, is then installed on raw material in fermenter by the good material of mixture, piles high being controlled between 70～100cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1～2 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(2) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1～2 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 15～25 days.Fermentation utilizes spontaneous microorganism to ferment, without adding biological bacteria.
The present invention's sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complex, humic acid, humate, peat soil, kaolin used is all directly to buy and obtain, without preparing especially voluntarily.
Base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer of the present invention, can be applied to hillside, paddy field, forest land plantation, comprises in vegetables, banana, mulberry tree, sugarcane, corn, paddy rice, oil tea, eucalyptus plantation.
Base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer of the present invention is to adopt oven drying method granulation to produce, by the solid material of inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer and binding agent through preparing burden, pulverize, mix, stir, granulation, particle sub-sieve, metering packing, obtain after the assay was approved finished product of the present invention.
Application process of the present invention: first about 7～10 days of transplanted seedling tree, in the planting pit having dug, backfill soil is to 1/3 of cave～1/2 o'clock, special fertilizer is applied in cave equably by 0.5～1.0kg/ cave, and mix (while avoiding planting, seedling root directly contacts fertilizer group and burning seedling) thoroughly with soil in cave, return soil and tamp.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1, use base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer of the present invention to meet all sidedly Eucalyptus Seedlings growth nutrient demand, improve eucalyptus resistance, effectively control or avoid Eucalyptus Seedlings disease, reduce to greatest extent the destructive loss that can not save bringing because of nutritional deficiency disease
2, play the effect of improvement soil, improved the ability of soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping, soil protection ecotope, reduces the eutrophication pollution to water body in forest zone.
3, strengthen eucalyptus cold hardiness, to improving manuring late utilization ratio, reduced fertilizer loss and play important connection effect, belonged to Eco-friendly fertilizer.
4, improve stimulation ratio, increase economic efficiency and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 5 (3-2-0), (3-2-0 refers to respectively N, P for 1000 kilograms of organic 30 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers
2o
5, K
2the nutrient content (%) of O, as follows).
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, passes through manioc waste, paulownia bran and chicken manure by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 70cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 2 times; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 15 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 45 kilograms, urea (by containing N46.0%), 40 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 115 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
518.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca28.4% meter), 150 kilograms, gypsum is (by containing S18.6%, Ca14.5% meter), 30 kilograms of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates (by containing Mg16%), 4 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 2 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 30 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 350 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%), 200 kilograms of organic materialss (by containing organic 65%), cross 32 kilograms of the kaolin of 80 mesh sieves.
(3) preparation method of base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer: above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, mixing, granulation (mixture), sub-sieve, metering packing, obtains finished product of the present invention after the assay was approved.
(4) application process: first about 7～10 days of transplanted seedling tree, in the planting pit having dug, backfill soil is to 1/3 of cave～1/2 o'clock, special fertilizer is applied in cave equably by 0.5～1.0kg/ cave, and mix (while avoiding planting, seedling root directly contacts fertilizer group and burning seedling) thoroughly with soil in cave, return soil and tamp.
Embodiment 2
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10 (5-3-2), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, passes through filter mud of sugar refinery, paulownia bran and cow dung by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 80cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 20 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 65 kilograms, urea (by containing N46.3%), 80 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 170 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
519.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), 35 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 100 kilograms, gypsum (by containing S18.6%, Ca14.5%), 20 kilograms of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates (by containing Mg16%), 2 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B10%), 1 kilogram of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate (by containing Zn21%), 0.8 kilogram of cupric sulfate pentahydrate (by containing Cu25%), 30 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 300 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%), 180 kilograms, organic material (by containing organic 65%), 14.2 kilograms of the kaolin of mistake 100 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 15 (7-4-4), 1000 kilograms of organic 20 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by natural pond slag, paulownia bran and sheep excrement by 1～2: 1: 1～2 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 90cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 2 times; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 25 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 50 kilograms, urea (by containing N 46.5%), 190 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 80 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
520.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), 70 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates are (by containing N12.0%, P
2o
544.0%), 74 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 50 kilograms, gypsum (by containing S18.6%, Ca14.5%), 20 kilograms of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates (by containing Mg16%), 4.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 2 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 15 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 300 kilograms of sodium humates (by containing organic 50%), organic material 120 kg (by containing organic 65%), 22.5 kilograms of the kaolin of mistake 90 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 18 (7-8-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by municipal sludge, tea bran by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 75cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 43～58 ℃, when temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 18 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 55 kilograms, urea (by containing N 46.0%), 110 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 40 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
520.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), 165 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates are (by containing N12.0%, P
2o
544.0%), 50 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 70 kilograms, sulphur (by containing S70%), 2.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 1.5 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 1 kilogram of cupric sulfate pentahydrate (by containing Cu25%), 5 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 500 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%).
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 20 (7-10-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 20 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, is installed on manioc waste in fermenter, piles high average control between 80cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 2 times; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 23 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 50 kilograms, urea (by containing N 46.0%), 114 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 40 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
520.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), 206 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates are (by containing N12.0%, P
2o
544.0%), 50 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 100 kilograms, gypsum (by containing S18.6%, Ca14.5%), 30 kilograms of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates (by containing Mg16%), 4.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 2 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 10 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 250 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%), organic material 120 kg (by containing organic 60%), 21.5 kilograms of the kaolin of mistake 80 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10.3 (1.3-6-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by manioc waste, municipal sludge and paulownia bran by 1～2: 1: 1～2 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 95cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 2 times; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 16 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 40 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
520.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), monoammonium phosphate 120 kg is (by containing N12.0%, P
2o
544.0%), 50 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), white lime 360 kilograms of (by containing Ca 50%), 26 kilograms, sulphur (by containing S70%), 4.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 2 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 5 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 250 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 65%), 130 kilograms of organic materialss (by containing organic 70%), 10.5 kilograms of the kaolin of mistake 100 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10 (7-0-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by tea bran, cow dung and manioc waste by 1～2: 1: 1～2 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 75cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 2 times; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 19 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 90 kilograms, urea (by containing N 46.0%), 115 kilograms of ammonium chlorides (by containing N25.0%), 30 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 80 kilograms of potassium magnesium sulfates are (by containing Mg6.7%, containing K
2o15.4%, containing S17.9% meter), 16 kilograms of white limes (by containing Ca 50%), 271.5 kilograms, magnesium oxide (containing Mg33% meter), 6 kilograms, sulphur (by containing S70%), 4.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 2 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 5 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 223 kilograms of peat soils (containing organic by 65%), 150 kilograms of organic materialss (containing organic by 70%), cross 5 kilograms of the kaolin of 80～100 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10 (0-7-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by manioc waste, natural pond slag by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 80cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 20 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 390 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (by containing P
2o
520.0%, containing Mg9%, containing Ca 28.4%), 50 kilograms, Repone K is (by containing K
2o 60.0%), 26 kilograms, sulphur (by containing S70%), 2.5 kilograms of boraxs (by containing B11%), 2 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23%), 1.5 kilograms of cupric sulfate pentahydrates (by containing Cu25%), 10 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 350 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%), 150 kilograms of organic materialss (by containing organic 60%), cross 18 kilograms of 80～90 mesh sieve kaolin.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
Preparation nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 16 (7-5-4), 1000 kilograms of organic 20 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by manioc waste, natural pond slag by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 80cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50～55 ℃, when temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 20 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: containing 206 kilograms, the ammonium nitrate of N 34.0%, containing P
2o
520.0%, containing S12%, containing 250 kilograms of the calcium superphosphate of Ca 20%, containing K
280 kilograms of the potassium sulfate of O 50.0%, containing 20 kilograms, the magnesiumcarbonate of Mg17%, containing 1.5 kilograms of the boric acid of B17%, containing 3 kilograms, the chelating state zinc of Zn14%, containing 1.5 kilograms of the cupric sulfate pentahydrates of Cu25%, 10 kilograms of the sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs containing organic 40%, 300 kilograms of the peat soils containing organic 50%, 100 kilograms of organic materialss containing organic 60%, 28 kilograms of the kaolin of mistake 90～100 mesh sieves.
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 10
Preparation inorganic fertilizer total nutrient 15 (6-6-3), 1000 kilograms of organic 25 base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizers in fertilizer.
(1) preparation of organic materials:
(a) mixed material feeding of raw material, by municipal sludge, tea bran by 1～2: 1 proportioning is carried out mixture, then the good material of mixture is installed in fermenter, piles high average control between 75cm; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 2 times, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(b) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 43～58 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 18 days.
(2) proportioning raw materials: 66 kilograms, urea (by containing N 46.0%),, 100 kilograms, ammonium sulfate (by containing N21.0%, containing S24.0% meter), 275 kilograms of secondary calcium phosphates are (by containing P
2o
522.0%, containing Ca 6%), 70 kilograms, saltpetre is (by containing K
2o44.0%, containing N13.0% meter), 20 kilograms, magnesiumcarbonate (by containing Mg17%), 1.5 kilograms of boric acid (by containing B17%), 1.5 kilograms of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates (by containing Zn23.0%), 1 kilogram of cupric sulfate pentahydrate (by containing Cu25.0%), 15 kilograms of sulphur ammonia type aminoacids complexs (by containing organic 40%), 450 kilograms of peat soils (by containing organic 50%).
Its preparation method and application process are identical with embodiment 1.
Product of the present invention and application process are tried out the eucalyptus of forest farm, peak, Bobai forest farm, forest farm, the Bose City Laoshan, hundred woods forest farms, the state-owned Qin Lianlin in Guangxi.Compared with a kind of fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus fertilizer efficiency of like product, using product ratio of the present invention, to use like product fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus effect remarkable.Standing forest surviving rate is high to be improved more than 7.8%; In the height of tree, use Stands of Eucalyptus after product of the present invention apparently higher than using common fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, two months young growth 1.19m > 0.82m; Half a year young growth 4.3m > 3.8m; Hat width is larger, and biomass is also large.The average amplification of the young growth height of tree is more than 19%, and utilization rate of fertilizer improves more than 15%.
Fertilizer efficiency contrast table is used at a year afforestation station, Baise, state-owned peak, Guangxi in September, in March, 2010-2010:
Illustrate: the fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus formula through license that peak provides for Guangxi forest-science academy, forest farm, peak by formula produce, personal fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus.
's in by the end of June, in by the end of April, 2009-2010 forest farm, the Laoshan, City: A Case Study in Baise use fertilizer efficiency contrast table:
Illustrate: seven slopes are that commercially available fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus (the fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus formula through license that Guangxi forest-science academy provides, produce and sell by formula by seven forest farms, slope.)
Claims (6)
1. a base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer, it comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer and binding agent, it is characterized in that: in the effective constituent of described inorganic fertilizer, contain the element of following mass percent, macroelement: N 0%～7%, P
2o
52%～10%, K
2o 0%～4%; Moderate-element: Mg 0.35%～9.50%, Ca 0.80%～19.00%, S 1.80%～5.00%; Trace element B 0.020%～0.050%, Zn 0.020%～0.050%, Cu 0.00%～0.050%;
Described fertilizer is that one or more in fowl and animal excrement, manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery, municipal sludge, natural pond slag, paulownia bran and tea bran are mixed with the organic materials forming and are mixed with and form by sulphur ammonium type aminoacids complex, humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil, by raw material; Wherein fowl and animal excrement comprises cow dung, chicken manure and sheep excrement;
The weight percent that the each component of described fertilizer and binding agent account for base manure type Eco-fertilizer is: sulphur ammonium type aminoacids complex 0.5～3%, humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil 15～50%, organic materials 12～18%, binding agent 0 ~ 5%;
The preparation method of described organic materials is:
(1) mixed material feeding of raw material, in the ratio mixture that is each other 1 ~ 3, is then installed on raw material in fermenter by the good material of mixture, piles high being controlled between 70 ~ 100 ㎝; Restart fermentation turner and turn in advance, turn back and forth 1 ~ 2 time, make material surfacing in groove, mixture is even, and internal defect is ventilative;
(2) material fermentation turns, and raw material turns according to leavening temperature after completing and feeding intake and turn in advance, in the mid-early stage of fermentation, when temperature is controlled between 50 ~ 55 ℃, in the time that temperature is increased to 60 ℃, turns 1 ~ 2 time; The fermentation middle and later periods, temperature is controlled in 65 ℃, often reaches to control temperature and just turn once, until material internal temperature while dropping to normal temperature, completes fermentation, makes organic materials, whole fermenting process 15～25 days.
2. base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described binding agent is 80 ~ 100 object kaolin.
3. base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the effective constituent proportioning in described inorganic fertilizer is N: P
2o
5: K
2o: Ca: Mg:S: B:Zn:Cu=6 ~ 7: 4 ~ 10: 3 ~ 4: 1 ~ 2: 1 ~ 1.5: 1.5 ~ 2.0: 0.04 ~ 0.05: 0.03 ~ 0.05: 0.03 ~ 0.05; The weight ratio that feeds intake between the each component of described fertilizer is sulphur ammonium type aminoacids complex: humic acid and salt thereof or peat soil: organic materials=1 ~ 1.5: 25 ~ 30: 10 ~ 14.
4. base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the N element in described macroelement in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, nitrocalcite and calcium ammonium nitrate one or more material mix provide; P
2o
5for in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, ground phosphate rock and bone meal one or more material mix provide; K
2the material of one or more that O is Repone K, potassium sulfate, potassium silicate, potassium magnesium sulfate and saltpetre mixes to be provided.
5. base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Mg element in described moderate-element is for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, mix and provide containing one or more the material in magnesium sulfate, potassium magnesium sulfate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesiumcarbonate and the magnesium oxide of crystal water; Ca element in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, unslaked lime, gypsum, white lime and carbonic acid lime one or more material mix provide; S element is for anhydrous magnesium sulfate, mix and provide containing one or more the material in magnesium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium sulfate, gypsum, sulfuric acid, manganous sulfate and the sulphur of crystal water.
6. base fertilizer type eucalyptus ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the B element in described trace element in borax, boric acid and boron mud one or more material mix provide; Zn element is for Zincomed, mix and provide containing one or more the material in zinc sulfate, chelating state zinc and the zinc oxide of crystal water; Cu element is for anhydrous cupric sulfate, mix and provide containing one or more the material in copper sulfate and the cupric oxide of crystal water.
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