CN101747103B - Dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101747103B CN101747103B CN200810229869A CN200810229869A CN101747103B CN 101747103 B CN101747103 B CN 101747103B CN 200810229869 A CN200810229869 A CN 200810229869A CN 200810229869 A CN200810229869 A CN 200810229869A CN 101747103 B CN101747103 B CN 101747103B
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Abstract
The invention relates to nanguo pear cultivation, in particular to a dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and a preparation and an application method thereof.The fertilizer is composed of urine-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, medium elements and trace elements; in the preparation method, the urea-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer with a grain size of 1.5-4.5mm serve as solid raw materials; then the medium elements are added to humic acid or humic acid salt accounting for 60-100% of the mass percent of the medium elements to be mixed; afterwards, trace elements are added and mixed with the mixture, cementing agent is used for pelleting and producing solid raw materials with a grain size of 1.5-4.5mm for standby use; finally, the medium elements and trace elements mixed for pelleting are uniformly mixed with the urine-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.The dedicated fertilizer is applied to the nanguo pear trees as spring base fertilizer at one time and no after manuring is not needed.The nitrogenous fertilizer use level in the fertilizer of the invention and different number of nanguo pear fruit indexes with proportion fully following nanguo pear of different tree ages form five-level supply speed of fertilizer nitrogen, thus remarkably controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Nanguo Pear cultivation, specifically a kind of dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application process.
Background technology
Nanguo Pear is one of Chinese distinctive pears kind, and Nanguo Pear belongs to the Ussurian pear system, originates in Anshan, Liaoning, belongs to the natural hybridization offspring of growing directly from seeds.This kind is bright-coloured with its fruit colour, pulp is soft, sour and sweet palatability, thick-flavor, give off a strong fragrance and be celebrated, enjoy great prestige at home and abroad, more and more receive the favor of world market.Nanguo Pear is the local characteristic kind in Liaoning Province, and all there is commerial growing in each pears producing region in Liaoning Province, and also there is certain cultivation scale in Jilin, Heilungkiang, and is the sustainable development impetus.The main common fertilizer that adopts in Nanguo Pear cultivation process does not have dedicated fertilizer at present.The common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, the nutrient proportioning is unreasonable, and nutrient supply is science not, and is more unbalanced, and particularly nitrogenous fertilizer contradiction is more outstanding.The overall utilization ratio of fertilizer nitrogen has only 30～35% at present; Loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash is more; The economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower, causes the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, produces the pollution in underground water and soil face source simultaneously; Cause the eutrophication of greenhouse gases effect and water body, make the deterioration of the ecological environment.Fertilizer use in a large number and low utilization ratio descends the fruit quality.Concerning Nanguo Pear production cultivation, the common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, and nutrient, particularly nitrogen nutrient discharge and can not satisfy the demand of Nanguo Pear tree growth to nitrogenous fertilizer in the fertilizer; The release of its nutrient and Nanguo Pear tree are inconsistent to nutrient demand, because the release ratio of the concentrated release of nutrient or nutrient is inharmonious, cause utilization rate of fertilizer low; The growth of Nanguo Pear tree is produced the nutrient stress effect; Do not needing to discharge a large amount of nutrients under a large amount of nutrient situation, and when needing nutrient in a large number, do not having enough nutrient supplies, therefore the growth of Nanguo Pear tree is being produced the nutrient stress effect; Thereby have a strong impact on the Nanguo Pear quality, cause orchard environment to pollute.Along with people's increases the attention degree of food safety, and the demand of green agricultural product is constantly increased, and the importance of green Nanguo Pear special fertilizer for cultivating material development that therefore meets the green food requirement is particularly outstanding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and the preparation and application process that can effectively improve Nanguo Pear output and fruit quality.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
1 dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear; Mainly form by N, P, K; Fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element; Wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer; In the urea pure nitrogen level, account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for and 50-80 days of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25% add DCD and NBPT coated carbamides, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas or the 80-90 days resin coated fertilizer urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5-25% and account for 120-180 days resin coated ureas or 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25%; Phosphate fertilizer is the 50-75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 85-100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is to account for the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 5-10%; The trace element for account for urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer in pure nitrogen level with the iron that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 1-3%, the copper of 0.5-2%, the manganese of 0.5-1%, the zinc of 0.1-1%, the boron of 0.5-1%, the molybdenum of 0.1-0.5%.
Said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.Said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.Said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
The preparation method of dedicated fertilizer: at first selecting particle diameter is that urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5-4.5mm is subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60-100 or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with sticker; At last the middle amount after the above-mentioned granulation is promptly got nanguo pear with trace element with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing and produce dedicated fertilizer.
Said humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron; The humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium; Yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
The application process of dedicated fertilizer: with 1 strain output is the Cheng Shuwei example of 25-50kg, is 200-400g with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, and other raw material is by the dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of this benchmark preparation; Do in spring that base manure is disposable to apply, in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising; Trench digging degree of depth 20-25cm; Width 15-20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100-150cm; Open 4-8 bar ditch, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. nitrogen fertilizer amount described in the fertilizer of the present invention and ratio are fully according to the nanguo pear index of different age of tree different quantitiess that Nanguo Pear is produced; Individual plant Nanguo Pear tree is set the ratio that different release periods are urinated basic nitrogenous fertilizer in different growing stages to the nutrient uptake feature of nitrogen; Form the Pyatyi feed speed of fertilizer nitrogen; And the release feature of used slow-release carbamide or peptide urea nitrogen can discharge the nutrient of the coated carbamide part composition of different release periods in advance or lag behind has tangible supplementary function, has significantly controlled the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, is the square measure statistical value with integer mu; Nitrogen utilization efficiency can be brought up to 30-40 percentage point; Significantly improve Nanguo Pear output and improve the nanguo pear quality, compare with common fertilizer, nanguo pear output can increase 10-20%.
2. monoammonium phosphate, the diammonium phosphate in the used phosphate fertilizer raw material among the present invention when the plain nutrition of phosphorus is provided, can be the Nanguo Pear early growth and grows and replenish the essential nitrogen nutrition of a part, makes Nanguo Pear nitrogen in the early stage growth course attain full and complete satisfaction; Used potash fertilizer raw material sulphuric acid potassium satisfy Nanguo Pear grow necessary potassium plain in, the sulfur coated urea fertilizer that provides the necessary element sulphur of growing to adopt simultaneously for Nanguo Pear is that the Nanguo Pear growth provides essential element sulphur; And the nitrogen manure that the present invention sets Nanguo Pear different release periods required in the process of growth mixes with phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other essential nutritive element fertilizer through mechanical workout processes Nanguo Pear tree dedicated fertilizer; Make its nutrient release profiles and Nanguo Pear tree need fertile curve to match; Thereby reaching fertilizer nutrient discharges with the absorption of Nanguo Pear tree synchronous; Make the release of fertilizer nutrient can not coerce effect, reach Nanguo Pear high-yield culture fine effect Nanguo Pear tree growth generation.
3. fertilizer formula comprehensive nutrition of the present invention, the ratio science has realized the required nutrient balance supply of Nanguo Pear tree bulk-growth fully, for significantly improving of nanguo pear quality provides the nutrition assurance, has significantly reduced the environmental pollution because of using fertilizer to cause simultaneously.
4. production cost of the present invention is low, and cost significantly descends for the full nutritious fertilizer of fruit tree, product only on the basis of common fertilizer every mu increase 50-80 yuan.
5. fertiliser prodn equipment of the present invention is simple, less investment, and the preparation method is easy to operate, and application process is identical with common fertilizer.
6. adopt fertilizer of the present invention can promote of the absorption of Nanguo Pear tree to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-element nutrition element; Promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong tree body strengthens resistance; Improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Particularly the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer alleviates the pollution of fertilising to ecotope, and it is fertile to realize that Yi Ji Shi can satisfy the need of Nanguo Pear tree whole growth phase.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 18.75% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas (it is to prepare described in the CN101200399 according to publication number), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas (available from Shanghai Chinese maple) and account for the 120-180 days resin coated ureas (available from big) of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75% in Nintaus;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 50% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, double superhosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element; In simple substance; To account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; 1% Fe, 0.5% Cu, 0.5% Mn, 0.1% Zn, 0.5% B, 0.1% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5mm, subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60 and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5mm with sticker, for use; Middle amount with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with trace element and the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Said humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids.
Purity nitrogen 200g in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis; Wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (with the 8-20 Nanguo Pear age of tree; Every strain expectation index output 25-50kg is (with the age of tree weak point Shaoshi that yields poorly; The long output Gao Duoshi of the age of tree is a principle) (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body; Use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: with 1 strain output is that the sapling of 25kg is an example, and nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring, in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdresses; According to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising; Trench digging degree of depth 20cm, width 15cm is apart from trunk 10cm; Trench digging length 100cm opens 4 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Said spring, sowing amount was that the purity nitrogen meter 200g of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis, urea pure nitrogen level meter wherein, calculate phosphorus in the special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the consumption of amount and trace element.Autumn fertilising common urea N:50g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 2:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days resin coated fertilizer urea of urea pure nitrogen level 25% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 25%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, superphosphate of lime; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element; In simple substance; Accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 3% Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 2% Zn, 1% B, 0.5% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 2mm, subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 2mm with sticker, for use; Middle amount with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with trace element and the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.
Purity nitrogen 400g in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis; Wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body; Use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element; According to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 20 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress for the 50kg/ strain; According to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method; Trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm is apart from trunk 10cm; Trench digging length 150cm opens 8 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:80g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content successively calculate and to apply the common fertilizing method of quantity and get final product.
Embodiment 3:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 20% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 20% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 20%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 60% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 90% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Trace element; In simple substance; To account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; 2% Fe, 1% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.75% Zn, 0.8% B, 0.3% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 4.5mm, subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 70% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 4.5mm with sticker, for use; Middle amount with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with trace element and the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Said humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 300g in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis; Wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter its (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body; Use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element; According to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 15 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress for the 40kg/ strain; According to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method; Trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm is apart from trunk 10cm; Trench digging length 150cm opens 6 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:70g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 4:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 22% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 22% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 22%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 55% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 95% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element is the calcium that accounts for pure nitrogen level 12% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, is selected from the magnesium of calcium sulfate and 8%, is selected from sal epsom; Trace element; In simple substance; To account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; 1.5% Fe, 1.5% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.8% Zn, 0.6% B, 0.2% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 3.5mm, subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 3.5mm with sticker, for use; Middle amount with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with trace element and the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Said humate can be yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, nitro-humic acid ammonium.
Purity nitrogen 250g in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis; Wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter its (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body; Use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element; According to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 10 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress for the 30kg/ strain; According to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method; Trench digging degree of depth 20cm, width 18cm is apart from trunk 10cm; Trench digging length 100cm opens 4 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:60g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 5:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 19% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 15% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 19%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, diammonium phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element is the calcium that accounts for pure nitrogen level 15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, is selected from the magnesium of calcium sulfate and 8%, is selected from sal epsom; Trace element; In simple substance; To account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; 2% Fe, 2% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 0.9% B, 0.5% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 3mm, subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 3mm with sticker, for use; Middle amount with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with trace element and the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Said humate can be yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium.
Purity nitrogen 350g in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis; Wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body; Use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element; According to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 18 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress for the 25kg/ strain; According to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method; Trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm is apart from trunk 10cm; Trench digging length 150cm opens 8 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:80g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Claims (8)
1. dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear; Mainly form by N, P, K; It is characterized in that: fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer and is made up of sulfur-coated urea and 120-180 days release period resin coated ureas of the interpolation DCD of common urea, peptide urea, 30-60 days slow-release carbamide, 50-80 days release period and NBPT coated carbamide, 80-90 days release period; The sulfur-coated urea of said 80-90 days release period is replaced by 80-90 days release period resin coated fertilizer urea; Release period resin coated urea was replaced by 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas in 120-180 days;
Urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer; To urinate pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, account for pure nitrogen level 12.5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine common urea, account for pure nitrogen level 12.5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine peptide urea, account for pure nitrogen level 12.5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for the 50-80 days release periods of pure nitrogen level 18.75-25% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine interpolation DCD and NBPT coated carbamide, account for the sulfur-coated urea or the 80-90 days release period resin coated fertilizer urea of the 80-90 days release periods of pure nitrogen level 12.5-25% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and account for 120-180 days release period resin coated ureas or 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of pure nitrogen level 18.75-25% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Phosphate fertilizer effective constituent is the 50-75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer effective constituent is the 85-100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element effective constituent is to account for the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 5-10%; Trace element effective constituent is the iron that accounts for pure nitrogen level 1-3% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, the copper of 0.5-2%, the manganese of 0.5-1%, the zinc of 0.1-1%, the boron of 0.5-1%, the molybdenum of 0.1-0.5%.
2. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
3. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter is vitriolate of tartar.
4. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
5. by claim 2 or 4 described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear, it is characterized in that: said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
6. preparation method by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1 is characterized in that: at first selecting particle diameter is that urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5-4.5mm is subsequent use; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60-100 or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, process the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with sticker; At last the middle amount after the above-mentioned granulation is promptly got nanguo pear with trace element with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing and produce dedicated fertilizer.
7. by the preparation method of the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 6, it is characterized in that: said humate is a potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate; Zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid; Fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc; Ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
8. application process by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: with 1 strain output is the Cheng Shuwei example of 25-50kg, is 200-400g with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer; Other raw material, no longer topdresses in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth disposable the applying of base manure in spring by the dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of this benchmark preparation, adopts radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising; Trench digging degree of depth 20-25cm; Width 15-20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100-150cm; Open 4-8 bar ditch, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.
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| CN102557795A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Efficient slow-release bulk-blending (BB) fertilizer and preparation and application method thereof |
| CN102363582A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-29 | 山东润银生物化工股份有限公司 | Soluble protein-containing urea and preparation method thereof |
| CN102503724B (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2013-08-28 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Humic acid full-nutrition type fertilizer special for peanuts and preparing method thereof |
| CN102701888A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-03 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Special controlled release blended fertilizer for sisal hemps |
| CN103011932A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-04-03 | 陈卫文 | Compound fertilizer suitable for growing pears in regions with low and medium fertility |
| CN102976870B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-10-15 | 郑州大学 | Method for producing special large-particle slow release fertilizer for oil palm |
| CN103980069B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2015-11-11 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Artocarpi Heterophylli special formula fertilizer |
| ES2978722T3 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2024-09-18 | Basf Se | Use of a cation source to prevent the breakdown of (thio)phosphoric acid triamide urease inhibitors when a phosphorus-containing fertilizer is present |
| CN108383664A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-10 | 王文杰 | A kind of slow-release Radix Astragali mixing fertilizer specially |
| CN111517854A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-11 | 中化农业生态科技(湖北)有限公司 | Citrus microelement core master batch and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1884223A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2006-12-27 | 湖北大学 | Dedicated release-controlled compound fertilizer for double-season early rice and late rice and method for preparing same |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1884223A (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2006-12-27 | 湖北大学 | Dedicated release-controlled compound fertilizer for double-season early rice and late rice and method for preparing same |
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