CN102108032B - Special fertilizer for production of soybean and preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for production of soybean and preparation method and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102108032B CN102108032B CN 200910248771 CN200910248771A CN102108032B CN 102108032 B CN102108032 B CN 102108032B CN 200910248771 CN200910248771 CN 200910248771 CN 200910248771 A CN200910248771 A CN 200910248771A CN 102108032 B CN102108032 B CN 102108032B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the special fertilizer for soybean, in particular to a special fertilizer for the production of soybean and a preparation method and application method thereof. The fertilizer consists of urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, potassic fertilizer, medium elements and trace elements. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting 1.5-4.5mm of urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, potassic fertilizer and solid raw material for standby; secondly, adding medium elements in humic acid or humic acid salt which accounts for 60-100wt% of medium elements to mix, then adding trace elements to mix, using binder to prepare 1.5-4.5mm of particles for standby; and finally, mixing the mixed and granulated medium and trace elements with urea-based nitrogen fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and potassic fertilizer to obtain the special fertilizer for the production of soybean. The dosage of the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer of the invention and the ratios of the urea-based nitrogen fertilizer in different release stages are set according to the needs of nitrogen in different growing periods of soybean to obtain four stages of supply speeds for the nitrogen of fertilizer, thus remarkably increasing the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to for fertilizer special for soybeans, specifically a kind of soybean produces dedicated fertilizer and preparation and application process.
Background technology
The common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, the nutrient unreasonable distribution, supplies with not science, more can not need fertile characteristic curve to supply with nutrient by crop, and particularly nitrogenous fertilizer supply contradiction is more outstanding, and preceding heavy back is light, has a strong impact on crop yield and quality.Crop has only 30～35% to the overall utilization ratio of nitrogen at present, loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash is more, the economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower, cause the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, produce the pollution in underground water and soil face source simultaneously, cause the eutrophication of greenhouse gases effect and water body, make the deterioration of the ecological environment.Concerning Three River Plain soybean produces cultivation, the common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, nutrient in the fertilizer, particularly nitrogen nutrient discharges with the soybean different growth stage inconsistent to nutrient demand, because the concentrated release of nutrient or the release ratio of nutrient are inharmonious, cause utilization rate of fertilizer low, the soybeans they grow environment is produced the nutrient stress effect, do not need to discharge under a large amount of nutrient situations a large amount of nutrients in soil soybean, and when needing nutrient in a large number, soybean do not have enough nutrient supplies, therefore soybeans they grow is produced the nutrient stress effect, thereby have a strong impact on the raising of soybean yields and the improvement of grain quality, pollute agroecological environment simultaneously.Along with people increase the attention degree that improves soybean yields, demand to the soybean agricultural-food constantly increases, therefore press for the soybean that can improve soybean yields, quality and raising utilization rate of fertilizer and produce dedicated fertilizer, the present invention develops under this background just.Significantly improve particularly utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of utilization rate of fertilizer.The long-acting special fertilizer material of the suitable soybean production in Three River Plain soybean gold producing region has for a long time been filled up in the invention of this kind dedicated fertilizer, will greatly promote the high yield of soybean High-efficient Production cultivation of soybean producing region, the Three River Plain, produces high-quality soybean prod.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soybean that can effectively improve soybean yields and quality to produce dedicated fertilizer and preparation and application process.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of soybean produces dedicated fertilizer, mainly formed by N, P, K, fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level, by the urea of the common granular urea that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 3-5%, the slow-release carbamide or the peptide urea that account for urea pure nitrogen level 7-10%, the high molecular polymer of 60-70 days release periods that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 60-80% or sulphur dressing (film) with account for the polymkeric substance of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 10-30% or the urea of sulphur dressing (film) is formed; Phosphate fertilizer is the 80-260% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 60-200% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is to account for the calcium of pure nitrogen level 2-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 1-10%; Trace element is for accounting for manganese, the zinc of 0.05-0.20%, the boron of 0-0.05% and the molybdenum of 0-0.05% of pure nitrogen level 0.01-0.2% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.
Described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter, can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more, if be the phosphate fertilizer raw material with monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, in its consumption nitrogenous total amount should not be higher than the 3-5% that accounts for the fertilizer pure nitrogen level, common granular urea consumption in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer is urinated in corresponding minimizing simultaneously, nitrogen in monoammonium phosphate, the diammonium phosphate replaces the share of common granular urea in dedicated fertilizer, and rest part is then selected double superhosphate for use.Described potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O counts, and can be in vitriolate of tartar, the Repone K one or both.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element; Magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
The preparation method: at first selecting particle diameter for use is urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 1.5-4.5mm, and solid material is standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 60-100% or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, make the particle that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last the middle amount behind the above-mentioned mixing granulation and micro-the mixing with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are namely got soybean production dedicated fertilizer.
Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
Application process: be as the criterion with soybean field, 1 hectare of Three River Plain, be 45kg-75kg with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, other raw material is produced by the soybean of this benchmark preparation and is special-purposely fertilely done when soybean is sowed in spring that base manure is disposable to apply, and no longer topdresses in the soybeans they grow process; Execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm is arranged or adopt the seeding machinery that special-purpose fertilizer is separated with kind to sow with soybean seeds.
The advantage that the present invention has:
1. the present invention is according to soybean producing region, Three River Plain soil in early spring low temperature cold, the designed dedicated fertilizer for soybean material formula of regional climate characteristics that autumn air temperature decline is fast, nitrogen fertilizer amount described in the fertilizer is set the ratio that different release periods are urinated basic nitrogenous fertilizer according to the soybean different growing stage to the nutrient uptake feature of nitrogen fully, form the level Four feed speed of fertilizer nitrogen, and the release feature of used slow-release carbamide or peptide urea nitrogen can discharge the nutrient of the coated carbamide part composition of different release periods in advance or lag behind tangible supplementary function, significantly controlled the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, be that square measure statistical value nitrogen utilization efficiency can improve 40-50 percentage point with the hectare, significantly improve soybean yields and improve grain quality, compare with common fertilizer, soybean yields can increase 15-25%.
2. monoammonium phosphate, the diammonium phosphate in the phosphate fertilizer raw material in the fertilizer of the present invention, when the plain nutrition of phosphorus is provided, can be the growth of soybean seedling to three slice compound leaf phase and replenish the essential nitrogen nutrition of a part, make soybean nitrogen in the early stage growth course attain full and complete satisfaction; Vitriolate of tartar in the potash fertilizer raw material is when satisfying the necessary potassium element of soybeans they grow, for soybean provides growth necessary element sulphur; Repone K provides soybeans they grow necessary chlorine element simultaneously; Sulfur coated urea fertilizer provides essential element sulphur for soybeans they grow, promote plant to the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-element nutrition element simultaneously, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong plant, strengthen resistance, improve the utilization ratio of utilization rate of fertilizer, particularly nitrogenous fertilizer, alleviate fertilising to the pollution of ecotope, it is fertile to realize that Yi Ji Shi can satisfy soybean whole growth phase need.
3. formula nutritional of the present invention is comprehensive, and the ratio science has realized the required nutrient balance supply of soybean fully, for significantly improving of soybean quality provides the nutrition assurance, has significantly reduced the environmental pollution because using fertilizer to cause simultaneously.
4. fertiliser production equipment of the present invention is simple, the preparation method is easy to operate, the nitrogen manure of different release periods required in the soybeans they grow process mixed by mechanical workout with phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other essential nutritive element fertilizer make fertilizer special for soybeans, make its nutrient release profiles and soybean need fertile curve to match, thereby reaching fertilizer nutrient discharges with the soybean plant strain absorption synchronous, make the release of fertilizer nutrient can not coerce effect to soybean plant strain growth generation, reach the high-quality and efficient effect of high yield of soybean; And application process is simple.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 3% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 70% polymer capsule urea (production of Shandong major company of Nintaus), account for the polymer capsule urea (production of Shandong major company of Nintaus) of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 17%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 80% double superhosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for 60% the potash fertilizer of urinating pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.01% Mn, 0.05% Zn, 0.05% B, 0.05% Mo, wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 1.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids.
Purity nitrogen 45kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3375-3750kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Embodiment 2:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 5% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 70% polymer capsule urea, account for the polymkeric substance urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 15%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 260% calcium superphosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 200% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.2% Mn, 0.2% Zn, 0.002% B, 0.002% Mo, wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 2.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 70% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.
Purity nitrogen 50kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3750-4500kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Embodiment 3:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 9% peptide urea, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 60% polymer capsule urea, account for the polymkeric substance urea of 75-110 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 27%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is selected monoammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate for use; Wherein monoammonium phosphate (available nutrient 55%, wherein nitrogenous 11%, contain P
2O
544%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 3%) can only use 54kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 100% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom, 15% Ca, calcium is selected from calcium sulfate; Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.1% Mn, 0.1% Zn, 0.01% B, 0.02% Mo, wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 3mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 3mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium.
Purity nitrogen 60kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3600-4200kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Embodiment 4:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 7% slow-release carbamide, account for urea pure nitrogen level 80% 60-70 days release period sulphur dressing (film) urea, account for the polymkeric substance urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 10%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter, for urinating 200% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate, wherein diammonium phosphate (available nutrient 64%, nitrogenous 18%, contain P
2O
546%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 5%) can only use 61kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 200% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom, and 10%Ca is selected from calcium sulfate; Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.02% Mn, 0.08% Zn, 0.04% B, 0.05% Mo, wherein, manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 4mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 4mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 75kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3750-4500kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, with soybean seeds the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm is arranged or adopt the special-purpose fertile seeding machinery that separates with kind is sowed
Embodiment 5:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 3% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 7% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 60% polymer capsule urea, account for 80-100 days release period sulphur dressing (film) urea (available from Shanghai Chinese maple) of urea pure nitrogen level 30%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 150% calcium magnesium phosphorus of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 200% Repone K of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.03% Mn, 0.2% Zn, 0.02% B, 0.02% Mo, wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 4.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 4.5mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 75kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3900-4500kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Embodiment 6:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 0% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 7% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 70% polymer capsule urea, account for sulphur dressing (film) urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 20%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter, for urinating 220% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate, wherein diammonium phosphate (available nutrient 64%, nitrogenous 18%, contain P
2O
546%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 4%) can only use 49kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 180% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.2% Mn, 0.2% Zn, 0.05% B, 0.05% Mo, wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 2.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2.5mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 75kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3600-4125kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Embodiment 7:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 5% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm), account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 60% polymer capsule urea, account for sulphur dressing (film) urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 25%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter, 200% phosphate fertilizer of pure nitrogen level is diammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer in order to urinate, wherein diammonium phosphate (available nutrient 64%, nitrogenous 18%, contain P
2O
546%, can replace common granular urea nitrogen in purity nitrogen 5%) can only use 61kg, all the other use calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 150% vitriolate of tartar of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element in simple substance, is urinated pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer to account for, 0.2% Mn, 0.2% Zn, and wherein manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc is selected from zinc sulfate.
The preparation method: at first select for use particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 2.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation with binding agent, cause particle diameter to be the fertilizer of 2.5mm, stand-by; At last above-mentioned mixing is namely got soybean and produce dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be nitro humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 55kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 hectare of soybean field, big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3375-3600kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Application examples 1
Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 3% common big urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 10% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 70% polymer capsule urea, account for the polymer capsule urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 17%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 80% double superhosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 60% potash fertilizer of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Moderate-element is in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Trace element is in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.01% Mn, 0.05% Zn, 0.05% B, 0.05% Mo.
Purity nitrogen 45kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter (to use 1 hectare of soybean field) calculates the proportioning quantity of phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various middle amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3375-3750kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Contrast common fertilizer: the purity nitrogen meter 45kg/hm that uses the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine
2Be the applied based common urea, the phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 80% double superhosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 60% potash fertilizer of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Application result is as follows:
No. 1 ground, three another arenaes, the 853 farms test-results in the Heilongjiang Province
| Handle | Output | Units increased in production % |
| Use contrast fertilizer | 3201.3kg/hm 2 | 0 |
| Use fertilizer of the present invention | 3713.8kg/hm 2 | 16.0 |
Application examples 2
The present invention urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 3% common big urea, account for urea pure nitrogen level 7% slow-release carbamide, account for 60-70 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 70% polymer capsule urea, account for sulphur dressing (film) urea of 80-100 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 20%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 220% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 180% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Trace element is in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 0.2% Mn, 0.2% Zn, 0.05% B, 0.05% Mo.
Purity nitrogen 75kg based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter (to use 1 hectare of soybean field) calculates the proportioning quantity of phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various middle amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: be 3600-4125kg/hm with the yield target
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, have the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm at least with soybean seeds.
Contrast common fertilizer: the purity nitrogen meter 45kg/hm that uses the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine
2Be the applied based common urea, the phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 80% double superhosphate of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is for urinating 60% potash fertilizer of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer.Application result is as follows:
No. 3 ground, two another arenaes, the 853 farms test-results in the Heilongjiang Province
| Handle | Output | Units increased in production % |
| Use contrast fertilizer | 3421.1kg/hm 2 | 0 |
| Use fertilizer of the present invention | 4036.9kg/hm 2 | 18.0 |
Claims (8)
1. a soybean produces dedicated fertilizer, mainly by N, P, K forms, it is characterized in that: fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer to urinate the pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, by the common granular urea that accounts for pure nitrogen level 3-5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, account for slow-release carbamide or the peptide urea of pure nitrogen level 7-10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, accounting for the high molecular polymer of the 60-70 days release periods of pure nitrogen level 60-80% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine or the urea of sulphur dressing (film) forms with the urea of the polymkeric substance that accounts for the 80-100 days release periods of pure nitrogen level 10-30% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine or sulphur dressing (film); The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating the 80-260% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter is for urinating the 60-200% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer; Moderate-element is in simple substance, is the calcium that accounts for pure nitrogen level 2-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 1-10%; Trace element is in simple substance, for accounting for manganese, the zinc of 0.05-0.20%, the boron of 0-0.05% and the molybdenum of 0-0.05% of pure nitrogen level 0.01-0.2% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine.
2. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described soybean of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
3. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described soybean of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer be monoammonium phosphate or/and diammonium phosphate is the phosphate fertilizer raw material, its consumption is the 3-5% that accounts for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, surplus is selected double superhosphate for use.
4. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described soybean of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter is in vitriolate of tartar, the Repone K one or both.
5. produce dedicated fertilizer by the described soybean of claim 1, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element; Magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Manganese is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
6. press the preparation method that the described soybean of claim 1 produces dedicated fertilizer for one kind, it is characterized in that: at first selecting particle diameter for use is urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of 1.5-4.5mm, and solid material is standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 60-100% or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, make the particle that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; At last the middle amount behind the above-mentioned mixing granulation and micro-the mixing with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are namely got soybean production dedicated fertilizer.
7. by the preparation method of the described soybean production of claim 6 dedicated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described humic acids or humate are potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
8. press the application process that the described soybean of claim 1 produces dedicated fertilizer for one kind, it is characterized in that: be as the criterion with soybean field, 1 hectare of Three River Plain, pure nitrogen level in the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer is 45kg-75kg, other raw material is produced by the soybean of this benchmark preparation and is special-purposely fertilely done when soybean is sowed in spring that base manure is disposable to apply, and no longer topdresses in the soybeans they grow process; Execute during fertilising in the seed bottom, the isolation soil layer of 5-8cm is arranged or adopt the seeding machinery that special-purpose fertilizer is separated with kind to sow with soybean seeds.
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| CN107043278A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-15 | 江西省红壤研究所 | A kind of fertile formula fertilizer special of semilate rice regeneration spike of rice bud |
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Effective date of registration: 20200907 Address after: 110000 No. 19A-1 Wuai Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: SHENYANG ZHONGKE NEW FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Liaoning, Shenyang Patentee before: SHENYANG INSTITUTE OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |