CN103102214A - Preparation method of long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer specially used for soybeans - Google Patents

Preparation method of long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer specially used for soybeans Download PDF

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CN103102214A
CN103102214A CN2012105832077A CN201210583207A CN103102214A CN 103102214 A CN103102214 A CN 103102214A CN 2012105832077 A CN2012105832077 A CN 2012105832077A CN 201210583207 A CN201210583207 A CN 201210583207A CN 103102214 A CN103102214 A CN 103102214A
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fertilizer
preparation
phosphate
floats
powder
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吕瑞新
邵明升
吕庆淮
解永军
吕瑞卿
刘靖
杨建武
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Shikefeng Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Shikefeng Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer specially used for soybeans, and belongs to the preparation of a mixture of a great quantity of fertilizer containing substances influencing the nitrification of urea in soil and components without special fertilizer effects. The compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 40 parts of the urea, 7 to 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10 to 35 parts of potassium sulfate, 25 to 30 parts of mixed phosphorus fertilizer, 0.1 to 0.5 part of zinc, iron and molybdenum additive, 7 to 10 parts of granulating agents and proper amount of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a compound of potash fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer; (2) preparing a mixed phosphorus fertilizer; (3) preparing the mixed particles of all components in the compound fertilizer; (4) coating a stearic acid film; (5) applying a modified zeolite powder material; and (6) screening. According to the method, the prepared long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer which are specially used for soybeans has the advantages that the nutrition is complete; the slow release performance is excellent; the requirement of the soybeans to nutrition is fully satisfied; the fertilizer utilization rate is high; the soybean yield and the soybean quality are improved; the source is saved; and environment-friendly effect is realized.

Description

The preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of preparation method of sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use.The multiple fertilizer that belongs to the material that contains influential urea nitrification in soil and preparation without the mixture of special fertilizer efficiency component.
Background technology
Soybean is important food crop and cash crop, and its output and cultivated area are only second to paddy rice, wheat, and corn occupies the 4th, the world.Occupy critical role in the people's livelihood and national economy.In recent years, the develop rapidly of livestock and poultry breeding industry, corresponding feed industry is in to the demand of dregs of beans that supply falls short of demand, short state.Effectively utilize the Limited Land resource, the yield and quality that improves soybean crops is the direction that people make great efforts.
The needed nitrogen of soybeans they grow unit have quite a few by with the fixed nitrogen mechanism supply of the rihizobium japonicum of its symbiosis.Demand percentage to NPK fertilizers is obviously different from other conducts.In addition, Tie, ?and molybdenum element be the requisite trace element of Soybean production.
Due to the nitrogen fixation of rihizobium japonicum, people have produced a kind of prejudice, cause laying particular stress on using phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.In fact, the growth of soybean is the more crop of demand nitrogen element, and after fertility early stage and the decline of late growth stage root nodule, all needing has sufficient nitrogen element supply, must realize by fertilising.
The high-quality nitrogenous fertilizer that urea is nitrogenous height, fertilizer efficiency is fast, consumption is large.But, urea in use, easily run off by approach such as volatilization, leaching, decomposition and runoffs, cause the fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio not high, according to statistics, the this season utilization ratio only has 30% left and right, and this has not only caused the waste of chemical fertilizer, and the environment of depending on for existence for mankind such as atmosphere, water body soil.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, at present, sulphur and the various macromolecule resins of adopting carry out the coating processing to urea more both at home and abroad.Perhaps add uric acid inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor; Utilize the high molecular polymers such as cyclochloride resin, acrylic resin material coated even multilayer coating or severally comprise that fertiliser granulates mixing etc. forms sustained-release and controlled release fertilizer; Coated fertilizer is difficult in degraded in soil, edatope be worked the mischief.And complex process, manufacturing cost is high, contaminate environment.
Chinese patent application number 201110021688.8 " biodegradable coated ureas " of Shikefeng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.'s application have successfully solved the above problem that urea nitrogenous fertilizer exists, the stearic acid that utilization can be degraded under the soil microorganisms effect is as the coated fertilizer of nitrogenous fertilizer urea, provide a kind of coated fertilizer biodegradable, pollution-free, can improve again the biodegradable coated urea product of the utilization ratio of fertilizer.But it is a kind of high-quality nitrogenous fertilizer, and nutritive ingredient is single, can not be as the slow release fertilizer that is suitable for soybean planting and uses.
Phosphorus is the important composition element of cytoplasmic biomolecule, is also the requisite a kind of element of plant-growth.Phosphatic rock is the main raw mineral materials of making phosphate fertilizer and extracting phosphorus and compound thereof; But make phosphate fertilizer and require phosphatic rock P 2O 5〉=28%; Extract the phosphatic rock P that phosphorus and compound thereof require 2O 5Content higher.
And along with the development of phosphorus chemical product and Phosphate Fertilizer Industry, the ground phosphate rock requirement increases sharply, and the higher-grade phosphate rock resource is deficient.The mode of production that only depends on rich phosphorus ore can not meet the demands.In this case, the exploitation of the phosphatic rock resource that grade is not high, no matter for economizing on resources, or protection of the environment is all significant.
In sum, there is following deficiency in fertilizer special for soybeans of the prior art:
1.. the multilayer coating, complex manufacturing, investment is large, production cost is high.
2. coated fertilizer hard degradation, life-time service can bring negative impact to soil; Even soil is polluted, affect the quality of agricultural-food.
3. the main nutrient elements proportioning in fertilizer is not mated for the demand in each stage of soybeans they grow, and the fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio is low.
4. lack necessary trace element, the hypotrophy face affects output and improves.
5. can improve simultaneously the preparation method of sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of the soybean special use of soybean yields and quality, also rare.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art; overcome traditional prejudice, reduce production costs, excellent environment protection; and provide a kind of comprehensive nutrition; sustained release performance is excellent; can fully satisfy soybean to the demand of nutrient; bring into play to greatest extent the effect of fertilizer, that can improve that soybean yields can improve again its quality is suitable for the multiple and fertilizer of slowly-releasing that soybean planting uses.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
The preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of a kind of soybean special use of the present invention is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure BDA00002658965300021
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate % 35~60
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate % 10~25
Floats % 30~40
Described floats are P 2O 5The low grade rock phosphate of content between 10%~20%;
Described zinc, iron, molybdenum additives are the water-soluble salts of zinc, iron, molybdenum;
Described granulation aid is comprised of the wilkinite of 70%-85% and the bauxitic clay powder mixing of 30%-15%;
Its preparation method comprises the steps:
1.. the preparation of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture
At first after urea 20~40 weight part heating and meltings, add ammonium sulfate 7~20 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 10~35 weight parts to mix, make the potash fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer mixture that contain potassium, sulphur, ammonium, standby;
2.. the mixed phosphorus fertilizer preparation
A. the preparation of floats
To contain P 2O 510%~20% phosphatic rock grinds, the fineness of floats is controlled 100 orders ± 10, and is standby;
B. mix
With floats 30~40 weight part mixings of diammonium phosphate 35~60 weight parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10~25 weight parts and step a preparation, standby;
3.. the preparation of each component composite grain of compound manure
Mixed phosphorus fertilizer 25~30 weight parts that 2. potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture and the step that 1. step is prepared prepare, zinc, iron, molybdenum additives 0.1~0.5 weight part and granulation aid 7~10 weight parts are evenly mixed, add suitable quantity of water, utilize traditional tablets press with each component mixing granulation of described compound manure, standby;
4.. stearic acid is filmed
Stearic consumption is 0.5%~3.0% of each component composite grain quality of compound manure of 3. preparing of step, and coating method is as follows:
A.. the stearic preparation of melting
Coating after according to the formula accurate-metering, in input stearic acid fusion tank, is heated to molten state with stearic acid, and is standby;
B.. coating
3. each component composite grain of compound manure for preparing according to formula accurate-metering step, melting stearic acid with step a preparation carries out spraying outside particle in drum-type mixing granulation machine, makes the composite grain outside surface form coating as far as possible uniformly, warm air drying, room temperature wind are cooling, standby; Processing condition are as follows:
The warm air drying temperature is not higher than 80 ℃
The cooling draught temperature is not higher than 50 ℃;
5.. modified zeolite powder powder body material face powder
A. the face powder preparation of mixed powder
According to Magnesium Stearate 1.2%~2.7%, the proportioning raw materials of zeolite powder 97.3%~98.8% accurately takes respectively each component of raw material, mixes, and grinding flour is controlled powder fineness and crossed 120 mesh sieves, and is standby;
B. the coating of applying powder
The mixed powder consumption of step a preparation is controlled at each component composite grain face powder of compound manure 10~15kg that 3. every 1000kg step prepares;
6.. screening, metering, quality test, qualified rear packing makes the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use; The products obtained therefrom particle appearance is mellow and full, the product free from extraneous odour.
Crop growth is except demand N, P, K nutritive element, and S, Ca are also that demand is large and are that plant generates indispensable nutritive element.Sulphur is the important composition that consists of protein, and calcium is being brought into play irreplaceable vital role to the rudiment of plant seed and the growth of organ.S, Ca element enter the compound manure component, all can produce positively effect at plant growth, prevention and elimination of disease and pests and improvement soil aspect many.
Element sulphur in composition of raw materials of the present invention adds with the form of soluble sulphate, and large percentage, and the fourth-largest nutritive element that plant growth is necessary directly provides the sulphur nutrient for soybean grows up.Phosphatic rock component in the formula mixed phosphorus fertilizer provides calcium constituent simultaneously except containing phosphoric, with other components in composition of raw materials, compatibility is good, is fit to soybeans they grow.To improving output and the quality of soybean.Made contribution.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure:
The preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure BDA00002658965300041
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate 35~45
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 20~25
Floats 35~40.
It is preferred technical scheme.
The preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure BDA00002658965300051
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate 35
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 25
Floats 40.
It is optimum technical scheme.
The fertilizer of preparation method's preparation of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention is characterized in that quality product reaches following technical indicator:
Figure BDA00002658965300052
The application process of the compound manure of the preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention preparation, it is characterized in that disposable employed, 45~50Kg/ mu.
The preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention, compared to existing technology by following positively effect:
1. a kind of comprehensive nutrition is provided; sustained release performance is excellent, can fully satisfy soybean to the demand of nutrient, brings into play to greatest extent the effect of fertilizer; can improve soybean yields and can improve again its quality, namely economize on resources, again the preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of the soybean special use of protection of the environment.
2. individual layer coating, generating process is simple, low equipment investment, production cost is low.
3. coated fertilizer can be degraded under the soil microorganisms effect, has avoided the pollution of coated fertilizer to edatope.
4. the main nutrient elements reasonable ratio in fertilizer, the element sulphur in composition of raw materials adds with the form of soluble sulphate, and large percentage, and the fourth-largest nutritive element that plant growth is necessary is for soybean directly provides the sulphur nutrient.The fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio is high, improves output and the quality of soybean.
5. adopt the raw material of low grade as fertilizer sources.The higher-grade phosphate rock resource of saves valuable.The while protection of the environment.
6. because of chloride ion-containing not, be used for fertilizer special for soybeans, have the effect of increasing production and improying productivity.Average mu volume increase 4.7%-12.3%.
7. overcome soybean crops is laid particular stress on and used phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the prejudice of ignorance applied nitrogen.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be further detailed embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer for preparing soybean special use of the present invention according to the following step
1.. the preparation of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture
At first after urea 35 weight part heating and meltings, add ammonium sulfate 15 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 22 weight parts to mix, make the potash fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer mixture that contain potassium, sulphur, ammonium, standby;
2.. the mixed phosphorus fertilizer preparation
A. the preparation of floats
To contain P 2O 510%~20% phosphatic rock grinds, the fineness of floats is controlled 100 orders ± 10, and is standby;
B. mix
With the floats 40 weight part mixings of diammonium phosphate 35 weight parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 25 weight parts and step a preparation, standby;
3.. the preparation of each component composite grain of compound manure
Mixed phosphorus fertilizer 20 weight parts that 2. potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture and the step that 1. step is prepared prepare, zinc, iron, molybdenum additives 0.5 weight part and granulation aid 7~10 weight parts are evenly mixed, add suitable quantity of water, utilize traditional tablets press with each component mixing granulation of described compound manure, standby;
4.. stearic acid is filmed
Stearic consumption is 0.5%~3.0% of each component composite grain quality of compound manure of 3. preparing of step, and coating method is as follows:
A.. the stearic preparation of melting
Coating after according to the formula accurate-metering, in input stearic acid fusion tank, is heated to molten state with stearic acid, and is standby;
B.. coating
3. each component composite grain of compound manure for preparing according to formula accurate-metering step, melting stearic acid with step a preparation carries out spraying outside particle in drum-type mixing granulation machine, makes the composite grain outside surface form coating as far as possible uniformly, warm air drying, room temperature wind are cooling, standby; Processing condition are as follows:
The warm air drying temperature is not higher than 80 ℃
The cooling draught temperature is not higher than 50 ℃;
5.. modified zeolite powder powder body material face powder
A. the face powder preparation of mixed powder
According to Magnesium Stearate 1.2%~2.7%, the proportioning raw materials of zeolite powder 97.3%~98.8% accurately takes respectively each component of raw material, mixes, and grinding flour is controlled powder fineness and crossed 120 mesh sieves, and is standby;
B. the coating of applying powder
The mixed powder consumption of step a preparation is controlled at each component composite grain face powder of compound manure 10~15kg that 3. every 1000kg step prepares;
6.. screening, metering, quality test, qualified rear packing makes the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use; The products obtained therefrom particle appearance is mellow and full, the product free from extraneous odour;
Quality product reaches following technical indicator:
N constituent content % 〉=15
P 2O 5Content % 〉=6
K 2O content % 〉=10
Grain graininess mm2~4.75mm
Moisture content wt%≤2.0.
Embodiment 2~embodiment 7
Method and step according to embodiment 1 prepare the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use of the present invention according to the composition of raw materials of table 1
Table 1
Figure BDA00002658965300081
The sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer product particle outward appearance that makes the soybean special use is mellow and full, the product free from extraneous odour;
Quality product reaches following technical indicator:
Figure BDA00002658965300082
Through using evidence, improve the output 5.3%~13.7% of soybean.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of a soybean special use is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure FDA00002658965200011
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate % 35~60
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate % 10~25
Floats % 30~40
Described floats are P 2O 5The low grade rock phosphate of content between 10%~20%;
Described zinc, iron, molybdenum additives are the water-soluble salts of zinc, iron, molybdenum;
Described granulation aid granulating agent is comprised of the wilkinite of 70%-85% and the bauxitic clay powder mixing of 30%-25%;
Described preparation method comprises the steps:
1.. the preparation of potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture
At first after urea 20~40 weight part heating and meltings, add ammonium sulfate 7~20 weight parts and vitriolate of tartar 10~35 weight parts to mix, make the potash fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer mixture that contain potassium, sulphur, ammonium, standby;
2.. the mixed phosphorus fertilizer preparation
A. the preparation of floats
To contain P 2O 510%~20% phosphatic rock grinds, the fineness of floats is controlled 100 orders ± 10, and is standby;
B. mix
With floats 30~40 weight part mixings of diammonium phosphate 35~60 weight parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10~25 weight parts and step a preparation, standby;
3.. the preparation of each component composite grain of compound manure
The floats that 2. potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer mixture and the step that 1. step is prepared prepare are evenly mixed, utilize traditional tablets press with each component mixing granulation of described compound manure, and are standby;
4.. stearic acid is filmed
Stearic consumption is 1.0%~3.0% of each component composite grain quality of compound manure of 3. preparing of step, and coating method is as follows:
A.. the stearic preparation of melting
Coating after according to the formula accurate-metering, in input stearic acid fusion tank, is heated to molten state with stearic acid, and is standby;
B.. coating
3. each component composite grain of compound manure for preparing according to formula accurate-metering step, melting stearic acid with step a preparation carries out spraying outside particle in drum-type mixing granulation machine, makes the composite grain outside surface form coating as far as possible uniformly, warm air drying, room temperature wind are cooling, standby; Processing condition are as follows:
The warm air drying temperature is not higher than 80 ℃
The cooling draught temperature is not higher than 50 ℃;
5.. modified zeolite powder powder body material face powder
A. the face powder preparation of mixed powder
According to Magnesium Stearate 1.2%~2.7%, the proportioning raw materials of zeolite powder 97.3%~98.8% accurately takes respectively each component of raw material, mixes, and grinding flour is controlled powder fineness and crossed 120 mesh sieves, and is standby;
B. the coating of applying powder
The mixed powder consumption of step a preparation is controlled at each component composite grain face powder of compound manure 10~15kg that 3. every 1000kg step prepares;
6.. screening, metering, quality test, qualified rear packing makes the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use; The products obtained therefrom particle appearance is mellow and full, the product free from extraneous odour.
2. according to claim 1 the preparation method of sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure FDA00002658965200021
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate 35~45
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 20~25
Floats 35~40.
3. according to claim 1 the preparation method of sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of soybean special use is characterized in that being made by following raw material according to the mass fraction meter:
Figure FDA00002658965200031
Wherein:
Described mixed phosphorus fertilizer is composited by diammonium phosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and floats, its mass percent for example under:
Diammonium phosphate 35
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 25
Floats 40.
4. according to the fertilizer of preparation method's preparation of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of the soybean special use of claim 1, it is characterized in that quality product reaches following technical indicator:
5. according to the application process of the compound manure of preparation method's preparation of the sustained-release long-acting compound fertilizer of the soybean special use of claim 1, it is characterized in that disposable employed, 45~50Kg/ mu.
CN2012105832077A 2012-12-26 2012-12-26 Preparation method of long-acting slow-release compound fertilizer specially used for soybeans Pending CN103102214A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103553813A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-05 苏州市相城区渭塘凤凰泾农业发展有限公司 Special-purpose nano fertilizer for preventing asparagus downy mildew as well as preparation method thereof
WO2017100507A1 (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Koch Agromonic Services, Llc Acid resistant urease inhibitor containing fertilizer compositions
CN110386841A (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-29 联发生物科技股份有限公司 Slow-release compound fertilizer and its method of administration

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CN1524833A (en) * 2003-03-02 2004-09-01 吴永常 Organic chemic blended slow release (slow effect) fertilizer
CN201678608U (en) * 2010-05-04 2010-12-22 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 Special composite particle slow release fertilizer for soybean
CN102060594A (en) * 2009-05-22 2011-05-18 武汉思迈拓科技有限公司 Composite slow release fertilizer
CN102093144A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-06-15 施可丰化工股份有限公司 Biodegradable coated urea
CN102108032A (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-06-29 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Special fertilizer for production of soybean and preparation method and application method thereof
CN102815993A (en) * 2012-07-31 2012-12-12 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 Special fertilizer for soybeans

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1524833A (en) * 2003-03-02 2004-09-01 吴永常 Organic chemic blended slow release (slow effect) fertilizer
CN102060594A (en) * 2009-05-22 2011-05-18 武汉思迈拓科技有限公司 Composite slow release fertilizer
CN102108032A (en) * 2009-12-25 2011-06-29 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Special fertilizer for production of soybean and preparation method and application method thereof
CN201678608U (en) * 2010-05-04 2010-12-22 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 Special composite particle slow release fertilizer for soybean
CN102093144A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-06-15 施可丰化工股份有限公司 Biodegradable coated urea
CN102815993A (en) * 2012-07-31 2012-12-12 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 Special fertilizer for soybeans

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103553813A (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-02-05 苏州市相城区渭塘凤凰泾农业发展有限公司 Special-purpose nano fertilizer for preventing asparagus downy mildew as well as preparation method thereof
WO2017100507A1 (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 Koch Agromonic Services, Llc Acid resistant urease inhibitor containing fertilizer compositions
CN110386841A (en) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-29 联发生物科技股份有限公司 Slow-release compound fertilizer and its method of administration

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Application publication date: 20130515