CN103420697A - Direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer - Google Patents

Direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103420697A
CN103420697A CN2012103751997A CN201210375199A CN103420697A CN 103420697 A CN103420697 A CN 103420697A CN 2012103751997 A CN2012103751997 A CN 2012103751997A CN 201210375199 A CN201210375199 A CN 201210375199A CN 103420697 A CN103420697 A CN 103420697A
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rape
direct
fertilizer
special
seeding
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鲁剑巍
李小坤
任涛
王寅
刘波
周鹂
丛日环
刘祖锋
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention relates to direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer. The direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer comprises, by weight, 22.0-15.0% of nitrogen, 8.0-6.0% of phosphoric pentoxide, 10.0-7.0% of potassium oxide, 8.0-3.0% of calcium oxide, 4.0-2.0% of magnesium oxide, 10.0-3.0% of sulfur, 0.5-0.3% of zinc, 0.3-0.1% of boron and 8-11% of humic acid. The direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer is rich in nutrients, has reasonable nutrient distribution, and reasonable nutrient form (nitrogen and phosphor forms), accords with a direct-seeding rape nutrient absorption rule, can be used in a rapeseed direct-seeding period, does not damage the seeds, realizes good seedling integrity and a high emergence rate, obviously promote rape growth, improves a rapeseed yield and satisfies rape whole-growth stage requirements by a fertilization step. Through the direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer, an available rape seedling yield of each hectare of a rape field is improved by 7.98%, a rapeseed yield is increased by 120-352kg, and a fertilizer utilization rate is improved by 11.8-15.3%.

Description

A kind of direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of special formula fertilizer that is applicable to direct-sowing rape.
Background technology
Rape is the traditional main oil crops of China, and it provides China edible vegetable oil over half, is also the large feed protein source that is only second to dregs of beans simultaneously.The degree of self-sufficiency less than 40% of China's edible vegetable oil in recent years, China's edible oil safety has become the significant problem that causes common concern after energy security, grain security.In order to improve the degree of self-sufficiency of China's edible oil, main path one is to improve oil crops yield per unit, the 2nd, expand sown area.In China's main oil plant crop oil dish, peanut, sesame, soybean, flax, Sunflower Receptacle, only having rape is winter crops, its plantation is not competed area with staple food crop paddy rice, corn, and rice producing areas of southern China has big area field in winter slack can develop winter rape production, therefore guaranteeing under certain yield level condition that enlarging the rapeseed cultivation area is to solve the low most important approach of China's edible oil degree of self-sufficiency.
The long-term cultivated area of China's winter rape is about 7,000,000 hectares, and China's field in winter slack area is estimated as more than 1,500 ten thousand hectares, the field area in winter slack that wherein can plant rape can reach 5,000,000 hectares, if can utilize these field plantation in winter slack rapes to produce edible oil, the edible oil degree of self-sufficiency of China at least can improve 15 percentage points.Yet, enlarge the rapeseed cultivation area in China and have very large Difficulty, its basic reason is China's rapeseed cultivation effort of taking a lot of work, at present along with the rural laborer shifts, the rural area recruitment is difficult and problem that cost hand-manipulated is large is more obvious, the fundamental way that therefore, address this problem is carried out the rape production mechanization exactly.
In order to meet the actual needs of rape production development, in recent years, China's rape production mechanization Development Process is rapid, especially along with the research and development of whole ground-trench digging-fertilising-sowing-earthing all-in-one success and application, the direct-sowing rape development of south winter rape district is very fast, the direct-sowing rape area approaches with the transplanting rape area, and further expansion trend is arranged.Developing into China's expansion winter rape cultivated area and improving the rape ultimate production of machinery direct-sowing rape provides technical support.
No matter be transplanting rape or direct-sowing rape, in its cultivation management technology, the rational application of fertilizer is one of important technical links wherein.With manual transplanting rape, compare, the maximum characteristics of direct-sowing rape are to have saved seedbed grow seedlings and transplant link, using generally of its fertilizer synchronizeed and carried out with sowing, this just require institute's suitable rape growth of fertilise required outside, also require that nutrient in fertilizer discharges evenly, the lower and purpose that reaches injuring-free seed, do not burn seedling of nutrient release concentration in early stage.At present, the fertilizer special for cole of selling on market mostly is for transplanting rape to be produced, and is not suitable for direct-sowing rape, these fertilizer special for cole is applied to direct-sowing rape and phenomenon often occurs being short of seedling, has affected the quality of production of direct-sowing rape.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the formula fertilizer that a kind of suitable direct-sowing rape is produced, it considers the nutrient supply characteristics of China's winter rape growing area soil and the direct-sowing rape demand rule to nutrient, the detrimentally affect of simultaneously avoiding fertilizer to emerge to the direct-sowing rape seed, will be a large amount of, middle amount and micronutrient and nutrient slowly-released dose and sorbent material are by suitable ratio cooperation, thereby it is complete to have nutrient, discharge evenly, injuring-free seed, do not burn the characteristics of seedling, can effectively improve the rape quality of emerging, save labor cost, increase output, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and economic benefit.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer, in this fertilizer, to take the weight percent of pure nutrient be nitrogen 22.0-15.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 8.0-6.0 to effective element, potassium oxide 10.0-7.0, calcium oxide 8.0-3.0, magnesium oxide 4.0-2.0, sulphur 10.0-3.0, zinc 0.5-0.3, boron 0.3-0.1; Also contain in addition the nutrient slowly-released and humic acid sorbent material effect in this fertilizer, humic acid is 8-11 by weight percentage.
In above-mentioned fertilizer, effective element is provided by following substances respectively:
Nitrogen: urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and diammonium phosphate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: diammonium phosphate is or/and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium oxide: Repone K, calcium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, sulphur: ammonium sulfate or/and sal epsom or/and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is or/and sal epsom, zinc: Zinc sulfate monohydrate, boron: borax, and humic acid: humic acid.
In fertilizer, to take the optimum weight per-cent of pure nutrient be nitrogen 20.0 to effective element, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 7.0, potassium oxide 8.0, calcium oxide 4.5, magnesium oxide 3.0, sulphur 3.3, zinc 0.4, boron 0.2, and humic acid 9.0.
The quantity of goods produced that above-mentioned optimum formula is amounted to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (to produce 1 ton of direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer, the not Ordinary Wear and Tear of counting yield in the course of processing, if the generation Ordinary Wear and Tear, can synchronously increase in proportion by the ordinary method of this area quantity of goods produced of respectively filling a prescription.Lower same):
Urea 350kg;
Ammonium sulfate 100kg
Diammonium phosphate 100kg;
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 150kg;
Repone K 133kg;
Sal epsom 50kg;
Zinc sulfate 12kg;
Borax 15kg; With
Humic acid 90kg.
Compared with prior art, direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer nutrient content of the present invention is complete, the nutrient reasonable ratio, it is suitable that nutrient form (nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients form) is filled a prescription, contain nutrient slowly-released and sorbent material, meet the absorbing rule of rape to nutrient, and injuring-free seed while using the live same period with rapeseed seeds, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can significantly promote growth of rape, improve Semen Brassicae campestris output, increase economic benefit, there are the characteristics that single fertilization provides rape demand in the time of infertility simultaneously, save labor.Direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of the present invention is applied to Yangtze River in China middle and lower reaches winter rape district, through in Hubei Province, Anhui Province and the live test of Hunan Province's winter rape, apply the rape per hectare of direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of the present invention and save labour 5-8, grain yield of rapeseed increase 120-352kg, increase income Renminbi 564-1654 unit, fertilizer utilization efficiency improves 11.8%-15.3%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The weight percent of the effective element in the special formulation fertilizer for cole in the present embodiment (take pure nutrient) is nitrogen 15.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 6.3, potassium oxide 9.0, calcium oxide 7.5, magnesium oxide 3.2, sulphur 4.0, zinc 0.4, boron 0.3, humic acid 8.0.Active substance in fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen: urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and diammonium phosphate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: diammonium phosphate is or/and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium oxide: Repone K, calcium-fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, sulphur: ammonium sulfate or/and sal epsom or/and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is or/and sal epsom, zinc: Zinc sulfate monohydrate, boron: borax, humic acid: humic acid.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (by 1 ton of live special-purpose rape formula fertilizer metering of every production, the not Ordinary Wear and Tear of counting yield in the course of processing, if the generation Ordinary Wear and Tear, can synchronously increase in proportion by the ordinary method of this area quantity of goods produced of respectively filling a prescription.Lower same):
Urea 250kg;
Ammonium sulfate 125kg
Diammonium phosphate 50kg;
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 250kg;
Repone K 150kg;
Sal epsom 60kg;
Zinc sulfate 10kg;
Borax 25kg; With
Humic acid 80kg.
Above-mentioned commercial fertilizer or commodity preparation are produced into to Chemical Mixed Fertilizer by mechanically mixing or according to prilling process, production method is with reference to Li Chunhua, Liang Guoqing chief editor, compound fertilizer special formulating of recipe and production, Chemical Industry Press, July calendar year 2001, the method for the 1st edition report was carried out.
Direct-sowing rape special fertilizer of the present invention is applied to Hunan China province Lin Xiang city direct-sowing rape, and (kind is No. 15, Hunan oil, by Agricultural University Of Hunan's seed selection and in quality rape new variety of southern china large scale application), per hectare is used direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer 600kg prepared by the present invention, with (the production firm: the Hunan means of agricultural production chain co., ltd that stablizes the country of merchandising fertilizer special for cole on market; Trade name: " stablizing the country " board fertilizer special for cole; Technical indicator: nitrogen, phosphorus, the pure nutrient content of potassium are 25%; The per hectare amount of application is 750kg) to compare, direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer fertilization area Semen Brassicae campestris output of the present invention on average increases 120kg/hm 2, per hectare increases income 564 yuan of Renminbi (by Semen Brassicae campestris price Hunan China in 2012, economizing 4.70 yuan of calculating of every kilogram of Renminbi procurement price of local Semen Brassicae campestris), and per hectare can be saved 200 yuan of fertilizer cost Renminbi simultaneously, and per hectare is total to 768 yuan of cutting down expenditures and increasing income Renminbi.The N,P,K fertilizers utilising efficiency improves respectively 6.7%, 3.2% and 4.1%, and the total utilising efficiency of fertilizer improves 14.0%.
Embodiment 2
The weight percent of the effective element in the direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer in the present embodiment (take pure nutrient) is nitrogen 22.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 6.2, potassium oxide 7.2, calcium oxide 3.0, magnesium oxide 2.4, sulphur 9.5, zinc 0.5, boron 0.1, humic acid 11.0.Active substance in fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen: urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and diammonium phosphate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: diammonium phosphate is or/and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium oxide: Repone K, calcium-fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, sulphur: ammonium sulfate or/and sal epsom or/and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is or/and sal epsom, zinc: Zinc sulfate monohydrate, boron: borax, humic acid: humic acid.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (1 ton of live special-purpose rape formula fertilizer metering of every production, the not Ordinary Wear and Tear of counting yield in the course of processing):
Urea 400kg;
Ammonium sulfate 85kg
Diammonium phosphate 100kg;
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 100kg;
Repone K 120kg;
Sal epsom 60kg;
Zinc sulfate 15kg;
Borax 10kg; With
Humic acid 110kg.
Method preparing product with reference to embodiment 1.
Direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of the present invention is applied to former Chaohu, Chinese Anhui Province direct-sowing rape, and (kind is Zhongyouza 11 number, by Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture's seed selection and in quality rape new variety of large-scale promotion of whole nation application), per hectare is used the present invention and is prepared direct-sowing rape special fertilizer 750kg, commodity " lion horse board " commodity composite fertilizer with the production of import same period Germany sylvite company, content is 45%(nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, the pure nutrient content of potassium oxide is 15% content) at amount of application, under identical prerequisite, compare, the rape seedling rate of direct-sowing rape special fertilizer fertilization area of the present invention and strain rate average mark you can well imagine high 8.1% and 6.4%, the grain yield per hectare improves 352kg, per hectare increases income 1654 yuan of Renminbi (by 4.70 yuan of calculating of every kilogram of Renminbi of local Semen Brassicae campestris purchasing price).N,P,K fertilizers utilization ratio of the present invention improves respectively 6.5%, 3.1% and 5.7%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 15.3%.
Embodiment 3
Select in the present embodiment Hubei Province's winter rape in Yangtze River in China basin to concentrate Dangyang City, Shayang County, Jingzhou City, the Wuxue City in producing region to carry out manurial experiment.Effective element formula in the direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of each test point is undertaken by best proportioning, and the weight percent of pure nutrient of take is nitrogen 20.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 7.0, potassium oxide 8.0, calcium oxide 4.5, magnesium oxide 3.0, sulphur 3.3, zinc 0.4, boron 0.2 and humic acid 9.0.Active substance in fertilizer is provided by following substances respectively: nitrogen: urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and diammonium phosphate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: diammonium phosphate is or/and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium oxide: Repone K, calcium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, sulphur: ammonium sulfate or/and sal epsom or/and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is or/and sal epsom, zinc: Zinc sulfate monohydrate, boron: borax and humic acid: humic acid.
The quantity of goods produced of amounting to into commodity chemical fertilizer or commodity preparation is selected from following material (1 ton of dedicated fertilizer of every production, the not Ordinary Wear and Tear of counting yield in the course of processing):
Urea 350kg;
Ammonium sulfate 100kg
Diammonium phosphate 100kg;
Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 150kg;
Repone K 133kg;
Sal epsom 50kg;
Zinc sulfate 12kg;
Borax 15kg; With
Humic acid 90kg.
Method preparing product with reference to embodiment 1.
Direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of the present invention is applied to Hubei Province's Dangyang City, Shayang County, Jingzhou City, (kind is assorted No. 11 of China's oil to winter rape main product county (city) direct-sowing rapes such as Wuxue City, by Hua Zhong Agriculture University's seed selection and in a quality rape kind of Yangtze valley winter rape district large scale application), per hectare is used the present invention and is prepared direct-sowing rape special fertilizer 600kg, " the rich next ground " fertilizer special for cole (the commodity composite fertilizer that Hubei Province agricultural means of production corporation produces) that is 35% with the npk nutrient content of using equivalent is compared, implement effect of the present invention as table 1.
Direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer prepared by the table 1 the present invention effect to the rape Major Economic
Figure BDA00002224403900061
Illustrate: process the direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer that in hurdle prepared for the present invention by " the present invention " in table; " conventional fertile " is commercially available common special-purpose rape composite fertilizer (trade name: " rich next ground " rape is fertile special-purpose, and Hubei Province agricultural means of production corporation produces and sells)
Direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer of the present invention is applied to Hubei Province when sun, Shayang County, Jing Zhou, winter rape main product county, Hubei Province (city) direct-sowing rapes such as Wuxue City, with " rich come ground " common special-purpose rape that to use equivalent npk nutrient content be 35%, fertile (Hubei Province agricultural means of production corporation produces, sell) compare, direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer application zone rape strain of the present invention is counted per hectare increases by 1.9 ten thousand strains, effectively the strain number increases by 7.98% relatively, individual plant effective angle fruit number and every seed number per pod increase by 9 and 2, average per hectare increases income Semen Brassicae campestris 244kg, increase by 1146 yuan of economic benefit Renminbi (by 4.70 yuan of calculating of every kilogram of Renminbi of local Semen Brassicae campestris purchasing price), nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassic fertilizer utilization ratio improves respectively 5.2%, 2.8% and 3.8%, the fertilizer overall utilization improves 11.8%.

Claims (3)

1. a direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer, it is characterized in that, in fertilizer, to take the weight percent of pure nutrient be nitrogen 22.0-15.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 8.0-6.0, potassium oxide 10.0-7.0 to effective element, calcium oxide 8.0-3.0, magnesium oxide 4.0-2.0, sulphur 10.0-3.0, zinc 0.5-0.3, boron 0.3-0.1, and humic acid 8-11.
2. direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in fertilizer, effective element is provided by following substances respectively:
Nitrogen: urea or/and ammonium sulfate or/and diammonium phosphate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: diammonium phosphate is or/and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potassium oxide: Repone K, calcium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, sulphur: ammonium sulfate or/and sal epsom or/and Zinc sulfate monohydrate, magnesium: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is or/and sal epsom, zinc: Zinc sulfate monohydrate, boron: borax, and humic acid: humic acid.
3. direct-sowing rape special formula fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in fertilizer, to take the weight percent of pure nutrient be nitrogen 20.0, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 7.0 to effective element, potassium oxide 8.0, calcium oxide 4.5, magnesium oxide 3.0, sulphur 3.3, zinc 0.4, boron 0.2 and humic acid 9.0.
CN2012103751997A 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 Direct-seeding rape special-purpose formulated fertilizer Pending CN103420697A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103626562A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-03-12 江西省棉花研究所 Widely applicable crop formula fertilizer
CN103755421A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 王平生 Special compound fertilizer for humic-acid spring rape
CN103864490A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-06-18 华南农业大学 Special composite fertilizer for catalpa bungei seedling, and applications thereof
CN104402556A (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-03-11 溧阳市作物栽培技术指导站 Dedicated fertilizer for high-yield (250 kg per mu or more) rape transplanting and culture, formula, and production method thereof
CN105541435A (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-05-04 芜湖润蓝生物科技有限公司 Chitosan oligosaccharide modified antifreeze protein added efficient cultivation fertilizer for winter rape and preparation method of chitosan oligosaccharide modified antifreeze protein added efficient cultivation fertilizer
CN108668585A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-19 天水市农业科学研究所 A kind of fertilizing method of Winter Cole-wort
CN109293454A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-02-01 贺金钟 A kind of rape fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109867566A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-11 华中农业大学 A kind of spring rape dedicated fertilizer and preparation method

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CN101774839A (en) * 2010-01-20 2010-07-14 南京信息工程大学 Phosphogypsum-contained rape growth promoting agent and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103626562A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-03-12 江西省棉花研究所 Widely applicable crop formula fertilizer
CN103755421A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 王平生 Special compound fertilizer for humic-acid spring rape
CN103755421B (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-09-16 王平生 Humic acid type spring rape is compound fertilizer dedicated
CN103864490A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-06-18 华南农业大学 Special composite fertilizer for catalpa bungei seedling, and applications thereof
CN103864490B (en) * 2014-02-20 2015-12-09 华南农业大学 A kind of Chinese catalpa nursery composite fertilizer special and application thereof
CN104402556A (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-03-11 溧阳市作物栽培技术指导站 Dedicated fertilizer for high-yield (250 kg per mu or more) rape transplanting and culture, formula, and production method thereof
CN105541435A (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-05-04 芜湖润蓝生物科技有限公司 Chitosan oligosaccharide modified antifreeze protein added efficient cultivation fertilizer for winter rape and preparation method of chitosan oligosaccharide modified antifreeze protein added efficient cultivation fertilizer
CN108668585A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-10-19 天水市农业科学研究所 A kind of fertilizing method of Winter Cole-wort
CN109293454A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-02-01 贺金钟 A kind of rape fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109867566A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-11 华中农业大学 A kind of spring rape dedicated fertilizer and preparation method

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Application publication date: 20131204