CN103172436B - Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172436B CN103172436B CN201210580372.7A CN201210580372A CN103172436B CN 103172436 B CN103172436 B CN 103172436B CN 201210580372 A CN201210580372 A CN 201210580372A CN 103172436 B CN103172436 B CN 103172436B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by compounding ingredients, such as reactive film forming and enveloping urea with enveloping quantity of 4%and enveloping quantity of 5% (at different nutrient release periods), urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and borax. The special nutrition-synchronized controlled-release fertilizer for areca catechu, disclosed by the invention, is compounded according to the characteristics, nutrient demand law and required nutrient elements of the normal growth, development and cultivation of areca catechu, nutrients required by areca catechu can be supplied continuously and synchronously, the needs of three key elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and a nutrient element, namely boron, in a yearly growth period of areca catechu are met, and the fertility is more lasting, so that the plant body resistance is effectively adjusted, the diseases are reduced, the yield is increased, the quality of crops is greatly improved, and the mouth feel of areca catechu is good; the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the controlled-release fertilizer is used alone is solved; and meanwhile, the fertilization times can be decreased by 1-2 times, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers technical field, relate to a kind of Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Betel nut (Areca cathecuL.) belongs to Palmae perennial evergreen arbor, its fruit ovalize, in have large hilum, matter is hard, is one of China four great Nan medicine.In addition, its fresh fruit is a kind of hobby property food, the raw material of pericarp Ye Shi light and textile industries.In recent years, due to betel nut resistance, wide adaptability, extensive management, planting cost is low, good in economic efficiency, and betel nut plant production development is very fast, and cultivated area significantly increases.At present, China is betel nut second producing country in the world, and Hainan betel nut output accounts for 99% of China's Mainland output, and betel nut industry has become in Hainan agriculture the second largest pillar industry being only second to rubber, and development prospect is very wide.
Betelnut tree plant is tall and big, need in an Annual growth cycle to absorb more nutriment, plant in the poor hillside of nutrient condition for a long time simultaneously, along with all the year round to nutrient demand and consumption, fertilizer must be added, to meet plant perennation and to grow required nutrient to during arecaidine.But, what current betel nut fertilising was mainly used is quick-acting fertilizer, there is no dedicated fertilizer, because torrid areas is long for rainy season, rainfall is large, fertilizer nutrient dissolves soon in soil, and easily run off rapidly, not only the utilization rate of fertilizer is low, cause the serious wasting of resources, and need fertilising 3-4 time, the needs of a growth cycle of betel nut could be met, not only increase cost of labor, and poor effect, peasant's decline in benefits, do not reach and promote betel nut growth and the object improving Yield and qualities, this is the fertile urgent problem of betel nut.
Release and release control fertilizer to realize the nutrients release new-type fertilizer synchronous with Crop, can according to the burst size of the growth demand modeling fertilizer nutrient of crop and rate of release, reach the efficient object of volume increase, have once or use the suitable nutrient that can provide needed for the whole growth cycle of crop few time, increase yield, alleviates the features such as nitrogenous fertilizer pollution.If but it is high separately it to be used in betel nut cost, peasant not easily accepts, and is unfavorable for application.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention, its active component is made up of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 100-300 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-200 part;
Potash fertilizer 300-500 part;
Boron fertilizer 1-20 part;
The coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming refers to that the quality of coating layer is described 4% be reacted into 4% of the gross mass of membrane envelope urea;
The coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming refers to that the quality of coating layer is described 5% be reacted into 5% of the gross mass of membrane envelope urea;
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is 1: 0.3 ~ 0.5: 1.2 ~ 1.4.
In above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer, the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming and the coated carbamide of 5% reaction film forming are the coated carbamide of the reaction film forming of heat curing-type, are specifically selected from least one in the coated carbamide of polyurethanes reaction film forming, the coated carbamide of epoxy resin reaction film forming and the coated carbamide of alkyd resins class reaction film forming; The coated carbamide of this reaction film forming all with vegetable oil and curing agent for primary raw material, without the need to adding solvent in film-coated controlled release fertilizer manufacture process, cleanliness without any pollution.
The release period of coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 60-90 days, be specially 60 days 80 days or 60-80 too tender;
The release period 90-150 days of the coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming, is specially 120 days or 150 days or 120-150 days;
Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least one in Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium dihydrogen phosphate and MAP;
Described potash fertilizer is selected from least one in potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate;
Described boron fertilizer is borax.
The concrete kind of described phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer, can need conveniently means to regulate according to zones of different soil and crop change etc.
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the particle diameter of each component is 2-5 millimeter.Usual described granulated fertilizer is spherical and irregular granular.
The quality of described nitrogenous fertilizer is in the nitrogen element in described nitrogenous fertilizer, and the quality of described phosphate fertilizer is in phosphorus pentoxide, and the quality of described potash fertilizer is in potassium oxide.
Concrete, the weight ratio of described nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.2 or 1: 0.5: 1.4 or 1: 0.4-0.5: 1.2-1.4;
In described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its active component is specifically made up of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-100 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 80-120 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 150-250 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-150 part;
Potash fertilizer 350-450 part;
Boron fertilizer 5-20 part.
More specifically, the mass parts of coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 70 or 80 or 70-80 part;
The mass parts of coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming is 100 or 120 or 100-120 part;
The mass parts of described urea is 200 parts;
The mass parts of described phosphate fertilizer is 90 or 100 or 90-100 part;
The mass parts of described potash fertilizer is 400 or 420 or 400-420 part;
The mass parts of described boron fertilizer is 10 or 15 or 10-15 part;
Above-mentioned betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, is specifically made up of the component of following each mass parts:
Release period is the coated carbamide 80 parts of the 4% reaction film forming of 80 days;
Release period is the coated carbamide 100 parts of the 5% reaction film forming of 150 days;
200 parts, urea;
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 90 parts;
Potassium sulfate 400 parts;
Borax 10 parts;
Or, be made up of the component of following each mass parts:
Release period is the coated carbamide 70 parts of the 4% reaction film forming of 60 days;
Release period is the coated carbamide 120 parts of the 5% reaction film forming of 120 days;
200 parts, urea;
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 100 parts;
420 parts, potassium chloride;
Borax 15 parts.
The method of the described Controlled Release Fertilizer of preparation provided by the invention, comprises the steps:, by aforementioned each component mixing, to obtain described Controlled Release Fertilizer.
Present invention also offers a kind of fertilizing method of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the method comprises the steps: described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer to apply at petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase respectively.
The method specifically can be: each component in described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is put into blending machine together by proportioning, fully mixes, and then the metering of mixed fertilizer feeding, packing machine is carried out measuring and packing and obtain.
In above-mentioned fertilizing method, the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer applied at described petal open season and Chinese olive phase is 4: 6-5: 5, is specially 5: 5.
Described petal prepatent period specifically can be the January in Chinese Hainan Province;
The described Chinese olive phase specifically can be the June in Chinese Hainan Province.
Describedly apply in step, fertilizing method: at the soil trench digging that the side lower of tree body is corresponding, after uniform of application, bury soil;
Every strain dose considers according to target output and soil fertility, generally uses 1.4-2 jin, is specially 1.6 jin.
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the synchronous Controlled Release Fertilizer of a kind of betel nut special nutritional, this invention utilizes two kinds of different coating quantities to be reacted into the Nutrient Release of membrane envelope Controlled Release Fertilizer, simultaneously according to the law of nutritive absorption of betel nut by specific coating quantity different release time section single release and release control fertilizer and part quick-acting fertilizer carry out compositely obtaining betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the nutrient of energy continued synchronization supply needed for betel nut, the micronutrient boron added can improve betel nut quality, regulate tree body body defensive ability/resistance ability, alleviate disease, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, turn avoid problem of environmental pollution, improve peasant to be benefited, and carried out a large amount of field experiment, achieve following beneficial effect:
1, fertilizer efficiency is fast, and fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer efficiency is comprehensive.Existing Controlled Release Fertilizer long-lasting, has again the quick-acting of inorganic fertilizer, the wholesomeness of trace element.Nutrient formula science, increases substantially utilization rate and the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer.
2, Controlled Release Fertilizer nutrients release and betel nut growth phase are coincide.Betel nut growth, in the torrid zone, is all being planted, is being grown throughout the year.Winter temperature is low, and growth is slow, absorbs nutrient few.Summer temperature is high, and growth is rapidly, also fast to Nutrient Absorption speed.The main temperature influence of rate of release of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention, during temperature height, the nutrient releasing speed of fertilizer is fast, and when temperature is low, release is slow, and this can obtain synchronous with betel nut absorption.
3, effect of increasing production is obvious, and thoroughly improve crop quality, use this special-purpose control-release fertilizer well developed root system, disease and pest is few, and cauline leaf is strengthened, and percentage of fertile fruit is high, and output is high, can increase production 5-30%.
4, the commodity performance of crop quality crop is good.Improve the photosynthetic performance of crop, significantly promote the transfer of photosynthate, transport, improve crop quality, can recover natural flavor, mouthfeel is good, and quality is high, significantly improves its commodity performance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the nutrient element releasing rule of embodiment 1 gained betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer and the nutrient absorption law curve map of betel nut; Wherein, thick line is Controlled Release Fertilizer nitrogen nutrient release rule line, and fine rule is the Absorption of Nitrogen law curve of betel nut, and abscissa is the bearing time of betel nut, and ordinate is nitrogen nutrient.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is conventional method if no special instructions.Described raw material all can obtain from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
The coated carbamide that the 4% reaction coated carbamide of film forming that following embodiment release period used is 60 days, release period are the 4% reaction film forming of 90 days, release period are the coated carbamide of the 5% reaction film forming of 120 days and release period is that the coated carbamide of the 5% reaction film forming of 150 days is all purchased from China Bluechemical Ltd, production code member is respectively PCU10, PCU11, PCU12 and PCU13, is the coated carbamide of polyurethanes reaction film forming.
The fertilizer releasing period of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer adopts GB/T23348-2009 standard test.
Material requirement selected by the present invention: 1. fertilizer is graininess, and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is within the scope of 2.5 ~ 5 millimeters, and various material can match; More than the nutrient content index that 3. amount of nutrients has provided above should be able to reaching.
Embodiment 1: betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Each raw material particle diameter being 2-5 millimeter mixes by following proportioning, obtains betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
Release period is the coated carbamide 80 parts of the 4% reaction film forming of 80 days;
Release period is the coated carbamide 100 parts of the 5% reaction film forming of 150 days;
200 parts, urea;
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 90 parts;
Potassium sulfate 400 parts;
Borax 10 parts;
In this betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.2.
The nutrient element releasing rule of this Controlled Release Fertilizer and the nutrient absorption law curve map of betel nut are as shown in Figure 1.As seen from the figure, the law curve that the nutrient of controlled release special fertilizer and pineapple absorb is substantially identical, can improve the absorption rate of betel nut to fertilizer.
Embodiment 2: betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Each raw material particle diameter being 2-5 millimeter mixes by following proportioning, obtains betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
Release period is the coated carbamide 70 parts of the 4% reaction film forming of 60 days;
Release period is the coated carbamide 120 parts of the 5% reaction film forming of 120 days;
200 parts, urea;
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 100 parts;
420 parts, potassium chloride;
Borax 15 parts;
In this betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide is 1: 0.5: 1.4.
The nutrient absorption law curve map of this Controlled Release Fertilizer and Fig. 1, without substantive difference, repeat no more herein.
Comparative example: (total nutrient content 48%, wherein the mass percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is 16% to common compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.)
The effect of embodiment 1-2 and comparative example is as follows:
Test site: gantry town, Tunchang County, Hainan Province
Betel nut kind: Hainan endemic species, the age of tree 14 years
For examination soil: basalt-latolol
Testing program:
1) 2 jin of composite fertilizers are applied by every strain in comparative example;
Fertilizing method is used by peasant habit, and concrete application process is: execute short fertilizers for potted flowers in February (petal open season), every strain sealing fertilizer half jin.In June (Chinese olive phase), every strain sealing fertilizer half jin; Fruit picking terminates rear December, composite fertilizer 1 jin.
2) fertilizer amount of embodiment 1 or 2 gained betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer reduces 20% than comparative example, and also namely every strain applies 1.6 jin of fertilizer.
Fertilizing method: at the soil trench digging that the side lower of tree body is corresponding, bury soil after uniform of application;
Fertilization time: respectively execute once in January (petal prepatent period) and June (Chinese olive phase) time respectively, and the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer applied at petal open season and Chinese olive phase is 5: 5;
Gained fertilization effect is in table 1.
The fertilization effect evaluation of table 1, betel nut special fertilizer
As shown in Table 1, use betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention and all significantly improve betel nut output, meanwhile, using betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention can obviously reduce labor of fertilizer application power, and saves recruitment 1 time of topdressing.
Claims (6)
1. a betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its active component is made up of each component of following mass parts:
The coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming refers to that the quality of coating layer is 4% of the gross mass of the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming;
The coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming refers to that the quality of coating layer is 5% of the gross mass of the coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming;
The release period of the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 60-80 days;
The release period 120-150 days of the coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming;
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is: 1:0.3 ~ 0.5:1.2 ~ 1.4;
Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least one in Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium dihydrogen phosphate and MAP;
Described potash fertilizer is selected from least one in potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate;
Described boron fertilizer is borax.
2. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming and the coated carbamide of 5% reaction film forming are the coated carbamide of the reaction film forming of heat curing-type.
3. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the coated carbamide of the reaction film forming of described heat curing-type is selected from least one in the coated carbamide of polyurethanes reaction film forming, the coated carbamide of epoxy resin reaction film forming and the coated carbamide of alkyd resins class reaction film forming.
4. prepare a method for the arbitrary described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-3, comprise the steps:, by arbitrary for claim 1-3 described each component mixing, to obtain described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
5. the fertilizing method of the arbitrary described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-3, comprises the steps: arbitrary for claim 1-3 described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer to apply at petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase respectively.
6. fertilizing method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer applied at described petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase is 4-5:5-6; Or,
Describedly apply in step, every strain dose is 1.4-2 jin.
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| CN104418673A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Cerasus humilis formula fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104418674A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Liquorice formula fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103664423A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Nutrition synchronous controlled-release fertilizer special for pepper |
| CN109503296A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | L-type and L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice and its application in rice cropping |
| CN113575070A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 洋浦绿宝丰农资有限公司 | Research and development method of special fertilizer for betel nuts |
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| CN1040096C (en) * | 1995-08-17 | 1998-10-07 | 郑州乐喜施磷复肥技术研究推广中心 | Releasion controlled fertilizer |
| JP4889894B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2012-03-07 | ジェイカムアグリ株式会社 | Coated bioactive substance, bioactive substance composition, and crop cultivation method |
| CN101857480A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-10-13 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所海南分所 | Organic compound fertilizer special for areca-nuts |
| CN102351602B (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-07-09 | 华南农业大学 | Synchronous nutrition fertilizers, preparation methods thereof and applications thereof |
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee after: China Blue Chemical Ltd. Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Co-patentee after: CNOOC Fudao Limited Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee before: China Blue Chemical Ltd. Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Co-patentee before: CNOOC Fudao Limited |
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