CN103172436A - Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172436A CN103172436A CN2012105803727A CN201210580372A CN103172436A CN 103172436 A CN103172436 A CN 103172436A CN 2012105803727 A CN2012105803727 A CN 2012105803727A CN 201210580372 A CN201210580372 A CN 201210580372A CN 103172436 A CN103172436 A CN 103172436A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an areca catechu controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by compounding ingredients, such as reactive film forming and enveloping urea with enveloping quantity of 4%and enveloping quantity of 5% (at different nutrient release periods), urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and borax. The special nutrition-synchronized controlled-release fertilizer for areca catechu, disclosed by the invention, is compounded according to the characteristics, nutrient demand law and required nutrient elements of the normal growth, development and cultivation of areca catechu, nutrients required by areca catechu can be supplied continuously and synchronously, the needs of three key elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and a nutrient element, namely boron, in a yearly growth period of areca catechu are met, and the fertility is more lasting, so that the plant body resistance is effectively adjusted, the diseases are reduced, the yield is increased, the quality of crops is greatly improved, and the mouth feel of areca catechu is good; the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the controlled-release fertilizer is used alone is solved; and meanwhile, the fertilization times can be decreased by 1-2 times, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers technical field, relate to a kind of betel nut Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Betel nut (Areca cathecuL.) belongs to Palmae perennial evergreen arbor, its fruit ovalize, in large hilum is arranged, matter is hard, is one of China's four Da Nan medicines.In addition, its fresh fruit is a kind of hobby food, and pericarp is also the raw material of light and textile industries.In recent years, due to the betel nut strong resistance, wide adaptability, extensive management, planting cost is low, and is good in economic efficiency, and the betel nut plant production development is very fast, and cultivated area significantly increases.At present, China is betel nut the second producing country in the world, and Hainan betel nut output accounts for 99% of China's Mainland output, and the betel nut industry has become the second largest mainstay industry that is only second to rubber in Hainan agriculture, and development prospect is very wide.
The betelnut tree plant is tall and big, need to absorb more nutritive substance in an Annual growth cycle, simultaneously long-term planting is in the relatively poor hillside of nutrient condition, along with all the year round to nutrient demand and consumption, append fertilizer in the time of must be to arecaidine, to satisfy the plant perennation and to grow required nutrient.But, what betel nut fertilising was at present mainly used is readily avaiable fertilizer, there is no dedicated fertilizer, because the torrid areas is long rainy season, rainfall is large, fertilizer nutrient dissolves in soil soon, easily runs off rapidly, and not only the utilization ratio of fertilizer is low, cause the serious wasting of resources, and need fertilising 3-4 time, and could satisfy the needs of a growth cycle of betel nut, not only increase cost of labor, and poor effect, peasant's decline in benefits does not reach the purpose that promotes the betel nut growth and improve output and quality, and this is the fertile urgent problem of betel nut.
Release and release control fertilizer is to realize that nutrient discharges the new-type fertilizer of synchronizeing with Crop, can control according to the growth demand of crop burst size and the release rate of fertilizer nutrient, reach the efficient purpose of volume increase, have once or use the suitable nutrient that can provide the whole growth cycle of crop required few time, increase output, alleviate the characteristics such as nitrogenous fertilizer pollution.If but it is high separately it to be used in the betel nut cost, the peasant is difficult for accepting, and is unfavorable for using.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of betel nut Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention, its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 100-300 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-200 part;
Potash fertilizer 300-500 part;
Boron fertilizer 1-20 part;
Described 4% the reaction film forming coated carbamide refer to the quality of coating layer be described 4% be reacted into membrane envelope urea total mass 4%;
Described 5% the reaction film forming coated carbamide refer to the quality of coating layer be described 5% be reacted into membrane envelope urea total mass 5%;
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and potassium oxide is 1: 0.3～0.5: 1.2～1.4.
In above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer, the coated carbamide of the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming and 5% reaction film forming is the coated carbamide of the reaction film forming of heat curing-type, specifically is selected from least a in the coated carbamide of the coated carbamide of coated carbamide, epoxy resin reaction film forming of polyurethanes reaction film forming and alkyd resin class reaction film forming; The coated carbamide of this reaction film forming all take vegetables oil and solidifying agent as main raw material, need not to add solvent, cleanliness without any pollution in the film-coated controlled release fertilizer manufacturing processed.
The release period of coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 60-90 days, be specially 60 days 80 days or 60-80 too tender;
Release period 90-150 days of coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming are specially 120 days or 150 days or 120-150 days;
Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least a in phosphoric acid diamines, potassium primary phosphate and MAP;
Described potash fertilizer is selected from least a in Repone K, saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate and vitriolate of tartar;
Described boron fertilizer is borax.
The concrete kind of described phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and boron fertilizer can be regulated according to conventional means according to needs such as different zones soil and crop variations.
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the particle diameter of each component is the 2-5 millimeter.Common described granulated fertilizer is spherical and irregular granular.
The quality of described nitrogenous fertilizer is in the nitrogen element in described nitrogenous fertilizer, and the quality of described phosphate fertilizer is in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, and the quality of described potash fertilizer is in potassium oxide.
Concrete, the weight ratio of described nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.2 or 1: 0.5: 1.4 or 1: 0.4-0.5: 1.2-1.4;
In described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its activeconstituents specifically is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-100 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 80-120 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 150-250 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-150 part;
Potash fertilizer 350-450 part;
Boron fertilizer 5-20 part.
More specifically, the mass parts of coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 70 or 80 or 70-80 part;
The mass parts of coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming is 100 or 120 or 100-120 part;
The mass parts of described urea is 200 parts;
The mass parts of described phosphate fertilizer is 90 or 100 or 90-100 part;
The mass parts of described potash fertilizer is 400 or 420 or 400-420 part;
The mass parts of described boron fertilizer is 10 or 15 or 10-15 part;
Above-mentioned betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, specifically the component by following each mass parts forms:
Release period is 80 parts of the coated carbamides of the 4% reaction film forming of 80 days;
Release period is 100 parts of the coated carbamides of the 5% reaction film forming of 150 days;
200 parts, urea;
90 parts of diammonium phosphate;
400 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
10 parts of boraxs;
Or, formed by the component of following each mass parts:
Release period is 70 parts of the coated carbamides of the 4% reaction film forming of 60 days;
Release period is 120 parts of the coated carbamides of the 5% reaction film forming of 120 days;
200 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
420 parts, Repone K;
15 parts of boraxs.
The method of the described Controlled Release Fertilizer of preparation provided by the invention comprises the steps: aforementioned each component mixing is obtained described Controlled Release Fertilizer.
The present invention also provides a kind of fertilizing method of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and the method comprises the steps: described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is applied at petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase respectively.
The method specifically can be: each component in described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer is put into the blending machine together by proportioning, and then abundant mixing sends into mixed fertilizer metering, wrapping machine measures and pack and get.
In above-mentioned fertilizing method, the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer that applies in described petal open season and Chinese olive phase is 4: 6-5: 5, be specially 5: 5.
Described petal prepatent period specifically can be the January in Chinese Hainan Province;
The described Chinese olive phase specifically can be the June in Chinese Hainan Province.
Described applying in step, fertilizing method: at soil trench digging corresponding to the side lower of tree body, bury soil after uniform of application;
Every strain rate of fertilizer application considers according to target output and soil fertility, generally uses 1.4-2 jin, is specially 1.6 jin.
the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of betel nut special nutritional synchronous Controlled Release Fertilizer, this invention utilizes two kinds of different coating quantities to be reacted into the Nutrient Release of membrane envelope Controlled Release Fertilizer, simultaneously according to the law of nutritive absorption of betel nut with specific coating quantity different time of releasing section singly plant release and release control fertilizer and the part readily avaiable fertilizer carries out the composite betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer that obtains, can continue the required nutrient of synchronous supply betel nut, the micronutrient boron that adds can improve the betel nut quality, regulate tree body body defensive ability/resistance ability, alleviate disease, improved utilization rate of fertilizer, avoided again problem of environmental pollution, having improved the peasant is benefited, and a large amount of field experiments have been carried out, obtained following beneficial effect:
1, fertilizer efficiency is fast, and fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer efficiency is comprehensive.Existing Controlled Release Fertilizer long-lasting has again the quick-acting of inorganic fertilizer, the wholesomeness of trace element.Nutrient proportioning science increases substantially utilization ratio and the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer.
2, the Controlled Release Fertilizer nutrient discharges with the betel nut growth phase and coincide.Betel nut is grown in the torrid zone, throughout the year all in plantation, growth.Winter temperature is low, and growth is slow, absorbs nutrient few.Summer temperature is high, and growth rapidly, and is also fast to nutrition absorption speed.The main temperature influence of the release rate of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention, when temperature is high, the nutrient releasing speed of fertilizer is fast, discharges slowly when temperature is low, and this can obtain with the betel nut absorption and synchronize.
3, effect of increasing production is obvious, thoroughly improves crop quality, uses this special-purpose control-release fertilizer well developed root system, and disease and pest is few, and cauline leaf is strong, and percentage of fertile fruit is high, and output is high, can increase production 5-30%.
4, the commodity performance of crop quality crop is good.Improve the photosynthetic performance of crop, significantly promote transfer, the transportation of photosynthate, improve crop quality, can recover natural flavor, mouthfeel is good, and quality is high, significantly improves its commodity performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the nutrient element releasing rule of embodiment 1 gained betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer and the nutrient absorption law graphic representation of betel nut; Wherein, thick line is Controlled Release Fertilizer nitrogen nutrient releasing rule line, and fine rule is the Absorption of Nitrogen law curve of betel nut, and X-coordinate is the bearing time of betel nut, and ordinate zou is nitrogen nutrient.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is ordinary method if no special instructions.Described starting material all can get from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
Following embodiment release period used is that coated carbamide, the release period of the 4% reaction film forming of 60 days is that coated carbamide, the release period of the 4% reaction film forming of 90 days is that the coated carbamide of the 5% reaction coated carbamide of film forming of 120 days and the release period 5% reaction film forming that is 150 days is all available from China Bluechemical Ltd,, production code member is respectively PCU10, PCU11, PCU12 and PCU13, is the coated carbamide of polyurethanes reaction film forming.
The fertilizer releasing period of betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer adopts the GB/T23348-2009 standard test.
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. fertilizer is particulate state, and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 2.5～5 millimeters scopes, and various materials can be complementary; 3. more than the nutrient content index that amount of nutrients has provided above should be able to reaching.
Embodiment 1: the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Particle diameter is each raw material of 2-5 millimeter by following proportioning mixing, obtains the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
Release period is 80 parts of the coated carbamides of the 4% reaction film forming of 80 days;
Release period is 100 parts of the coated carbamides of the 5% reaction film forming of 150 days;
200 parts, urea;
90 parts of diammonium phosphate;
400 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
10 parts of boraxs;
In this betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.2.
The nutrient absorption law graphic representation of the nutrient element releasing rule of this Controlled Release Fertilizer and betel nut as shown in Figure 1.As seen from the figure, the law curve that the nutrient of controlled release special fertilizer and pineapple absorb is substantially identical, can improve betel nut to the absorption rate of fertilizer.
Embodiment 2: the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Particle diameter is each raw material of 2-5 millimeter by following proportioning mixing, obtains the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
Release period is 70 parts of the coated carbamides of the 4% reaction film forming of 60 days;
Release period is 120 parts of the coated carbamides of the 5% reaction film forming of 120 days;
200 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
420 parts, Repone K;
15 parts of boraxs;
In this betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is 1: 0.5: 1.4.
The nutrient absorption law graphic representation of this Controlled Release Fertilizer and Fig. 1 repeat no more without substantive difference herein.
Comparative Examples: (total nutrient content 48%, wherein the quality percentage composition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element is 16% to common compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.)
The effect of embodiment 1-2 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Test site: gantry town, Tunchang County, Hainan Province
Betel nut kind: Hainan indigenous species, the age of tree 14 years
For trying soil: basalt-latolol
Testing program:
1) apply 2 jin of composite fertilizers by every strain in Comparative Examples;
Fertilizing method is used by peasant habit, and concrete application process is: execute short fertilizers for potted flowers in February (petal open season), half jin of every strain sealing fertilizer.At June (Chinese olive phase), half jin of every strain sealing fertilizer; December after fruit picking finishes, 1 jin of composite fertilizer.
2) fertilizer amount of embodiment 1 or 2 gained betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizers reduces 20% than Comparative Examples, is also that every strain applies 1.6 jin of fertilizer.
Fertilizing method: at soil trench digging corresponding to the side lower of tree body, bury soil after uniform of application;
Fertilization time: respectively execute once when January (petal prepatent period) and June (Chinese olive phase) respectively, and the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer that applies in petal open season and Chinese olive phase is 5: 5;
The gained fertilization effect sees Table 1.
The fertilization effect evaluation of table 1, betel nut special fertilizer
As shown in Table 1, use betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention and all obviously improved betel nut output, simultaneously, use betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention and can obviously reduce the fertilising labor force, and save the recruitment 1 time of topdressing.
Claims (10)
1. betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 50-150 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 100-300 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-200 part;
Potash fertilizer 300-500 part;
Boron fertilizer 1-20 part;
Described 4% the reaction film forming coated carbamide refer to the quality of coating layer be described 4% the reaction film forming coated carbamide total mass 4%;
Described 5% the reaction film forming coated carbamide refer to the quality of coating layer be described 5% the reaction film forming coated carbamide total mass 5%;
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and potassium oxide is: 1: 0.3～0.5: 1.2～1.4.
2. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer, and its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 50-100 part of 4% reaction film forming;
Coated carbamide 80-120 part of 5% reaction film forming;
Urea 150-250 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 50-150 part;
Potash fertilizer 350-450 part;
Boron fertilizer 5-20 part.
3. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the coated carbamide of the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming and 5% reaction film forming is the coated carbamide of the reaction film forming of heat curing-type, specifically is selected from least a in the coated carbamide of the coated carbamide of coated carbamide, epoxy resin reaction film forming of polyurethanes reaction film forming and alkyd resin class reaction film forming.
4. according to claim 1-3 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: the release period of the coated carbamide of described 4% reaction film forming is 60-90 days; Or,
Release period 90-150 days of coated carbamide of described 5% reaction film forming.
5. according to claim 1-4 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least a in phosphoric acid diamines, potassium primary phosphate and MAP.
6. according to claim 1-5 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: described potash fertilizer is selected from least a in Repone K, saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate and vitriolate of tartar.
7. according to claim 1-6 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers, it is characterized in that: described boron fertilizer is borax.
8. a method for preparing the arbitrary described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-7, comprise the steps: arbitrary described each component mixing with claim 1-7, obtains described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
9. the fertilizing method of the arbitrary described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-7, comprise the steps: the arbitrary described betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-7 is applied at petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase respectively.
10. fertilizing method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the mass ratio of the betel nut special-purpose control-release fertilizer that applies in described petal prepatent period and Chinese olive phase is 4-5: 5-6; Or,
Described applying in step, every strain rate of fertilizer application is 1.4-2 jin.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103664423A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Nutrition synchronous controlled-release fertilizer special for pepper |
| CN104418674A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Liquorice formula fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104418673A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Cerasus humilis formula fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109503296A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | L-type and L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice and its application in rice cropping |
| CN113575070A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 洋浦绿宝丰农资有限公司 | Research and development method of special fertilizer for betel nuts |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104418674A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-18 | 亿利资源集团有限公司 | Liquorice formula fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109503296A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-22 | 北京市农林科学院 | L-type and L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice and its application in rice cropping |
| CN113575070A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-02 | 洋浦绿宝丰农资有限公司 | Research and development method of special fertilizer for betel nuts |
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| CN103172436B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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Address after: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee after: China Blue Chemical Ltd. Patentee after: China Offshore Oil Group Co., Ltd. Co-patentee after: CNOOC Fudao Limited Address before: 100010 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 25, No. Co-patentee before: China Blue Chemical Ltd. Patentee before: China National Offshore Oil Corporation Co-patentee before: CNOOC Fudao Limited |