CN103172475A - Ananas comosus controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ananas comosus controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172475A CN103172475A CN2012105806918A CN201210580691A CN103172475A CN 103172475 A CN103172475 A CN 103172475A CN 2012105806918 A CN2012105806918 A CN 2012105806918A CN 201210580691 A CN201210580691 A CN 201210580691A CN 103172475 A CN103172475 A CN 103172475A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ananas comosus controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by compounding ingredients, such as reactive film forming and enveloping urea with 4% enveloping quantity and 5% enveloping quantity (at different nutrient release periods), urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and borax. The special nutrition-synchronized controlled-release fertilizer for ananas comosus, disclosed by the invention, is compounded according to the characteristics, nutrient demand law and required nutrient elements of the normal growth, development and cultivation of ananas comosus, nutrients required by ananas comosus can be supplied continuously and synchronously, the needs of three key elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and a nutrient element, namely boron, in a yearly growth period of ananas comosus are met, and the fertility is more lasting, so that the plant body resistance is effectively adjusted, the diseases are reduced, the yield is increased, the quality of crops is greatly improved, and the mouth feel of ananas comosus is good; the problem of high cost caused by the fact that the controlled-release fertilizer is used alone is solved; and meanwhile, the fertilization times can be decreased by 1-2 times, so that the labor intensity is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers technical field, relate to a kind of pineapple Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Pineapple (Ananas comosus) originates in South America Brazil and Paraguay, at subtropical and tropical zones, distribution is arranged all, more than 70 countries and regions covering the whole world.The status of pineapple in the tropical fruit production and trade is only second to banana and mango, is one of Important Economic crop of Central and South America and the Asian-Pacific area.China is one of World Pineapple big producing country, and essential species is implanted in the ground such as Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Guangxi, and what its mid-continental Area comparison was large is Guangdong and Hainan, distributes wide, and output is many.Pineapple is nutritious, almost contains all needed by human body VITAMIN, 16 kinds of natural mineral matters.Pineapple can also can processed, fruit juice, wine pineapple wine etc. except eating raw, welcome by everybody.
Pineapple is tropical perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, and growth is fast.The pineapple growth is responsive to the reaction of potassium element, and the nutrient of absorption is also maximum with potassium, and nitrogen is placed in the middle, and phosphorus is less.Pineapple generally needs 15～18 months from field planting to the results plant crop, experienced during this period the growth of root, stem, leaf vegetative organ, and bud differentiation is taken out flower bud and bloomed, several different stages such as pumping of Fruit development and all kinds of buds.The length of the time of each stage experience, the climatope that runs into causes the demand of nutrient all not identical.Only according to pineapple the grow process of stages and characteristics fertilising, could obtain expected yield.But what pineapple fertilising was at present mainly used is readily avaiable fertilizer, also there is no special fertilizer, because the torrid areas is long rainy season, rainfall is large, and fertilizer nutrient dissolves in soil soon, easily runs off rapidly, and the utilization ratio of fertilizer is low, cause the serious wasting of resources, and poor effect, peasant's decline in benefits.Pineapple Feng Hanghou particularly, the field is close covering very, forms necessarily for shady environment, and the fertilising operation is very difficult.Do not reach the purpose that promotes the pineapple growth and improve output and quality, this is the fertile urgent problem of pineapple.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pineapple Controlled Release Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention, its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 100-200 part of reaction film forming;
Urea 100-300 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 70-200 part;
Coating vitriolate of tartar 50-200 part of reaction film forming;
Potash fertilizer 300-500 part;
Fertiliser containing magnesium 1-20 part;
The described release period that is reacted into membrane envelope urea is 60-180 days, is specially 60 days;
The described release period that is reacted into the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar is 60-120 days, is specially 60 days or 120 days;
In described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and potassium oxide is: 1: 0.3～0.6: 1.4～1.6, be specially 1: 0.4: 1.5 or 1: 0.3: 1.5 or 1: 0.3: 1.5 or 1: 0.3-0.4: 1.5.
In above-mentioned Controlled Release Fertilizer, the coated carbamide of described reaction film forming be heat curing-type be reacted into membrane envelope urea, specifically be selected from polyurethanes and be reacted into membrane envelope urea, epoxy resin and be reacted into membrane envelope urea and alkyd resin class and be reacted at least a in membrane envelope urea; The coated carbamide of this reaction film forming all take vegetables oil and solidifying agent as main raw material, need not to add solvent, cleanliness without any pollution in the film-coated controlled release fertilizer manufacturing processed.
The coating vitriolate of tartar of described reaction film forming be heat curing-type be reacted into the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar, specifically be selected from polyurethanes reaction film coating vitriolate of tartar, epoxy resin and be reacted into membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar and alkyd resin class and be reacted at least a in the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar;
Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least a in diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate and monoammonium phosphate;
Described potash fertilizer is selected from least a in Repone K, saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate and vitriolate of tartar;
Described fertiliser containing magnesium is selected from least a in sal epsom, chelated magnesium and calcium magnesium phosphorus.
The concrete kind of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and fertiliser containing magnesium can be regulated according to conventional means according to needs such as different zones soil and crop variations.
In described Controlled Release Fertilizer, the particle diameter of each component is the 2-5 millimeter.Common described granulated fertilizer is spherical and irregular granular.
The quality of described nitrogenous fertilizer is in the nitrogen element in described nitrogenous fertilizer, and the quality of described phosphate fertilizer is in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, and the quality of described potash fertilizer is in potassium oxide.
The mass parts of the coated carbamide of described reaction film forming is specially 120 or 150 or 200 or 120-200 or 150-200 or 120-150;
The mass parts of described urea is specially 250 or 280 or 250-280;
The mass parts of described phosphate fertilizer is specially 70 or 100 or 70-100;
The mass parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar of described reaction film forming is specially 150 or 190 or 200 or 150-190 or 190-200 or 150-200;
The mass parts of described potash fertilizer is specially 350 or 400 or 410 or 350-410 or 400-410;
The mass parts of described fertiliser containing magnesium is specially 10 or 15 or 10-15;
Concrete, the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 120-200 part of reaction film forming;
Urea 250-280 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 70-100 part;
Coating vitriolate of tartar 150-200 part of reaction film forming;
Potash fertilizer 350-410 part;
Fertiliser containing magnesium 10-15 part.
More specifically, described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
120 parts of the coated carbamides of the release period reaction film forming of 60 days;
250 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
150 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar of the release period reaction film forming of 120 days;
400 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
10 parts, sal epsom;
Or, formed by each component of following mass parts:
150 parts of the coated carbamides of the release period reaction film forming of 60 days;
280 parts, urea;
70 parts of diammonium phosphate;
190 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar of the release period reaction film forming of 120 days;
410 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
15 parts, sal epsom;
Or, formed by each component of following mass parts:
200 parts of the coated carbamides of the release period reaction film forming of 60 days;
250 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
200 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar of 60 days reaction film forming of release period;
350 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
15 parts, sal epsom.
The method of the described Controlled Release Fertilizer of preparation provided by the invention comprises the steps: aforementioned each component mixing is obtained described Controlled Release Fertilizer.
The fertilizing method of pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer provided by the invention comprises the steps: aforementioned each pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer respectively in the phase in strong sprout, short spends strong flower bud phase and strong fruit phase to apply.
The method specifically can be: each component in described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer is put into the blending machine together by proportioning, and then abundant mixing sends into mixed fertilizer metering, wrapping machine measures and pack and get.
In this fertilizing method, in the described phase in strong sprout, short to spend the mass ratio of the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer that strong flower bud phase and strong fruit phase apply be 2: 3～2: 3～4: 6, is specially 3: 3: 4.
Describedly apply as row replacement or spread manuer in holes, the fertilising position is in soil corresponding to the side lower of pineapple tree body.
The described phase in strong sprout specifically can be transplanted rear 3 months, describedly shortly spent the strong flower bud phase specifically to can be to transplant rear 8 months, and the described strong fruit phase specifically can be transplanted rear 12 months;
Every mu of rate of fertilizer application is the 160-220 kilogram, is specially 200 kilograms.
the present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of pineapple special nutritional synchronous Controlled Release Fertilizer, this invention utilizes different release periods to be reacted into the Nutrient Release of membrane envelope Controlled Release Fertilizer, while according to the law of nutritive absorption of pineapple, the list of specific release period is planted release and release control fertilizer and the part readily avaiable fertilizer carries out the composite synchronous Controlled Release Fertilizer of pineapple special nutritional that obtains, can continue the required nutrient of synchronous supply pineapple, satisfy continuously nitrogen and potassium element supply, the sal epsom that adds can improve the pineapple quality, alleviate disease, improved utilization rate of fertilizer, avoided again problem of environmental pollution, having improved the peasant is benefited, and a large amount of field experiments have been carried out, obtained good effect, have following beneficial effect:
1, quick-actingly add long-actingly, fertilizer efficiency is comprehensive.Existing Controlled Release Fertilizer long-lasting has again the quick-acting of inorganic fertilizer, the wholesomeness of trace element.Nutrient proportioning science increases substantially utilization ratio and the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer.
2, nutrient discharges with the pineapple growth phase and coincide.Nearly 18 months of breeding time of pineapple.Winter temperature is low, and growth is slow, absorbs nutrient few.Summer temperature is high, and growth rapidly, and is also fast to nutrition absorption speed.The main temperature influence of the release rate of pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer of the present invention, when temperature is high, the nutrient releasing speed of fertilizer is fast, discharges slowly when temperature is low, and this can obtain with the pineapple absorption and synchronize.
3, effect of increasing production is obvious, improves quality, the commodity performance is good.Use this special-purpose control-release fertilizer well developed root system, improve the photosynthetic performance of crop, can increase production 10-25%, and improve the sugar of pineapple, improve fruit color degree, hardness, thereby improve the local flavor of fruit, significantly improve its commodity performance.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.Described method is ordinary method if no special instructions.Described starting material all can get from open commercial sources if no special instructions.
The coated carbamide of the following embodiment release period used reaction film forming of 60 days is the coated carbamide of polyurethanes reaction film forming, and available from China Bluechemical Ltd,, production code member is PCU2; The coating vitriolate of tartar of the coating vitriolate of tartar of the release period reaction film forming of 60 days and the release period reaction film forming of 120 days is all available from China Bluechemical Ltd,, and production code member is respectively PCK2 and PCK4;
The selected material of the present invention requires: 1. fertilizer is particulate state, and good fluidity; 2. particle diameter is in 2.5～5 millimeters scopes, and various materials can be complementary; 3. more than the nutrient content index that amount of nutrients has provided above should be able to reaching.
Pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer fertilizer releasing period adopts the GB/T23348-2009 standard test.
Embodiment 1: the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Particle diameter is each raw material of 2-5 millimeter by following proportioning mixing, obtains the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
120 parts of the coated carbamides (release period 60 days) of reaction film forming;
250 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
150 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar (release period 120 days) of reaction film forming;
400 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
10 parts, sal epsom;
In this pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.5.
Embodiment 2: the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Particle diameter is each raw material of 2-5 millimeter by following proportioning mixing, obtains the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
150 parts of the coated carbamides (release period 60 days) of reaction film forming;
280 parts, urea;
70 parts of diammonium phosphate;
190 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar (release period 120 days) of reaction film forming;
410 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
15 parts, sal epsom;
In this pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is 1: 0.3: 1.5.
Embodiment 3: the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer
Particle diameter is each raw material of 2-5 millimeter by following proportioning mixing, obtains the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer:
200 parts of the coated carbamides (release period 60 days) of reaction film forming;
250 parts, urea;
100 parts of diammonium phosphate;
200 parts of the coating vitriolate of tartar (release period 60 days) of reaction film forming;
350 parts of vitriolate of tartar;
15 parts, sal epsom;
In this pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the mass ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is 1: 0.4: 1.4.
Comparative Examples: (total nutrient content 48%, wherein the quality percentage composition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron is respectively 16%, 16%, 16% and 0.5% to common compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.)
The effect of embodiment 1-3 and Comparative Examples is as follows:
Test site: celestial village, zigzag river township, Qionghai City
Test period: 2010-2011
Pineapple kind: No. 17, platform agriculture
For trying soil: basalt-latolol
Testing program:
1) execute 250 kilograms of composite fertilizers by every mu in Comparative Examples;
Carry out ditch spread by peasant habit in Comparative Examples, be specially: successively transplant 2 months, transplant rear 6 months, transplant rear 9 months, transplanted rear 14 months and transplanted and applied in rear 18 months, use altogether 5 times.The fertilising mass ratio is followed successively by 15%, 15%, 25%, 25%, 20%.
2) fertilizer amount of embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 gained pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizers reduces 20% than Comparative Examples, i.e. 200 kilograms of fertilizer are executed in every strain.
Fertilizing method is the conventional fertilizer application method, be specially: row replacement is in the field planting row, after fertilizer applies bonnet last layer thin soil, successively in the phase in strong sprout (transplanting rear 3 months), short spend strong flower bud phase (August after transplanting) and strong fruit phase (December after transplanting) to apply for three times altogether; The mass ratio that applies fertilizer for three times is 30: 30: 40.
The gained fertilization effect sees Table 1.Wherein, the detection method of total Soluble Sugar and soluble solid is respectively Pei Linfa and hand-held saccharometer mensuration.
The fertilization effect evaluation of table 1, pineapple special fertilizer
As seen from table, compare with contrast, use pineapple Controlled Release Fertilizer provided by the present invention and all improved to a certain extent pineapple output, the pineapple quality also is improved, and obviously is better than contrast.Simultaneously, use pineapple Controlled Release Fertilizer of the present invention and can reduce the fertilising labor force twice.
Claims (10)
1. pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, its activeconstituents is comprised of each component of following mass parts:
Coated carbamide 100-200 part of reaction film forming;
Urea 100-300 part;
Phosphate fertilizer 70-200 part;
Coating vitriolate of tartar 50-200 part of reaction film forming;
Potash fertilizer 300-500 part;
Fertiliser containing magnesium 1-20 part;
The described release period that is reacted into membrane envelope urea is 60-180 days;
The described release period that is reacted into the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar is 60-120 days;
In described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and potassium oxide is: 1: 0.4～0.6: 1.4～1.6.
2. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the coated carbamide of described reaction film forming be heat curing-type be reacted into membrane envelope urea, specifically be selected from polyurethanes reaction film coated carbamide, epoxy resin and be reacted into membrane envelope urea and alkyd resin class and be reacted at least a in membrane envelope urea.
3. Controlled Release Fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the coating vitriolate of tartar of described reaction film forming be heat curing-type be reacted into the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar, specifically be selected from polyurethanes and be reacted into membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar, epoxy resin and be reacted into membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar and alkyd resin class and be reacted at least a in the membrane envelope vitriolate of tartar.
4. according to claim 1-3 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer is selected from least a in diammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate and monoammonium phosphate.
5. according to claim 1-4 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: described potash fertilizer is selected from least a in Repone K, saltpetre, potassium primary phosphate and vitriolate of tartar.
6. according to claim 1-5 arbitrary described Controlled Release Fertilizers is characterized in that: described fertiliser containing magnesium is selected from least a in sal epsom, chelated magnesium and calcium magnesium phosphorus.
7. a method for preparing the arbitrary described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-6, comprise the steps: arbitrary described each component mixing with claim 1-6, obtains described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer.
8. the fertilizing method of the arbitrary described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-6 comprises the steps: the arbitrary described pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer of claim 1-6 respectively in the phase in strong sprout, shortly spends strong flower bud phase and strong fruit phase to apply.
9. fertilizing method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: in the described phase in strong sprout, short to spend the mass ratio of the pineapple special-purpose control-release fertilizer that strong flower bud phase and strong fruit phase apply be 2: 3～2: 3～4: 6, is specially 3: 3: 4.
10. according to claim 8 or 9 described fertilizing methods is characterized in that: describedly apply as row replacement or spread manuer in holes; Or,
Every mu of rate of fertilizer application is the 160-220 kilogram, is specially 200 kilograms.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103694048A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-02 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Special controlled release formula fertilizer for oil palm |
| CN104591876A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Special water-soluble fertilizer for pineapple and preparation method of special water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN104591877A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for enhancing originally ecological flavor of pineapple and application thereof |
| CN106495880A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 武汉普瑞丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of special slow controlled release Blending Fertilizer granular preparation of sweet persimmon |
| CN106973681A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-07-25 | 中海石油化学股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the fertile saving of labor's synergy of pineapple section |
| CN110577428A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-17 | 咸宁市咸安区奇特水果种植专业合作社 | Culture fertilizer for planting Taiwan pineapple |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103694048A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-02 | 海洋石油富岛有限公司 | Special controlled release formula fertilizer for oil palm |
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| CN104591877A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for enhancing originally ecological flavor of pineapple and application thereof |
| CN106495880A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 武汉普瑞丰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of special slow controlled release Blending Fertilizer granular preparation of sweet persimmon |
| CN106973681A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-07-25 | 中海石油化学股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the fertile saving of labor's synergy of pineapple section |
| CN110577428A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-17 | 咸宁市咸安区奇特水果种植专业合作社 | Culture fertilizer for planting Taiwan pineapple |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |