CN103910580A - Common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region - Google Patents
Common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region Download PDFInfo
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- CN103910580A CN103910580A CN201410155021.0A CN201410155021A CN103910580A CN 103910580 A CN103910580 A CN 103910580A CN 201410155021 A CN201410155021 A CN 201410155021A CN 103910580 A CN103910580 A CN 103910580A
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- sesbania
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 title description 60
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000219782 Sesbania Species 0.000 claims abstract 22
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical class O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical group [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000138286 Sorghum saccharatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010044278 Trace element deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical group [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in a Huang-Huai-Hai region and belongs to the field of fertilizer preparation. An organic matrix, an inorganic matrix, a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassic fertilizer and a trace element chelating agent serve as basic raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: spraying, granulating activating agents and preparing the fertilizer through disc granulation, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potassic fertilizer are mixed according to a mass ratio 5-9:14-20:0-2 of N:P2O5:K2O. The common fertilizer special for sesbania serving as a base fertilizer is applied at a time, is simple in production process, low in cost, environment-friendly, high in utilization rate and obvious in yield-increasing effect and is suitable for needs of common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region and feed or particle production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fertilizer manufacturing, particularly a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer and preparation and application process that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields.
Background technology
Common sesbania (Sesbania cannabina Pers.) is annual herb leguminous plants, there is stronger resistance, soil suitability is extremely strong, in acidity, alkalescence, saline-alkali soil, nonirrigated farmland, flooded all can grow, and its well developed root system, be distributed in the soil layer of 20～40cm more, root nodule is many and large, and nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, but also can the more stem knurl of quantity of formation, this makes sesbania become a kind of good green manure in summer, and can be used as the pioneer plant of soil remediation and transformation.In addition, common sesbania is also the good feed of fowl, poultry, fish, and its seed also can be used to produce sesbania gum, for oil extraction in oil field, ore dressing metallurgy, mining blasting, weaving and daily-use chemical industry, is that industrial glue is used crop; Its stem stalk fiber can be used to papermaking.Therefore, common sesbania is the plant that a kind of utility value is higher, has more wide cultivation value and application prospect.
Fertilising is one of important control measures of common sesbania cultivating and growing, patent of invention 201310189425.7(application number) a kind of sweet sorghum in saltings and method of sesbania intercropping of being applicable to disclosed, sesbania fertilising for " before sowing, execute 1200～1500 kilograms of farm manures for every mu; Or spread fertilizer over the fields chemical fertilizer, according to every mu of 5.5～6.5kgN, 5.0～5.5kgP
2o
5effective level administration unit chemical fertilizer or equivalence composite fertilizer ... nitrogenous fertilizer adopts coated slow-release urea ... prior to seeding, fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface and turns over and bury, nitrogenous fertilizer is preferably used coated slow-release urea "." sesbania is in the cultivation utilization in Shandong and change alkali effect " mentions " mid-August with 0.2% calcium superphosphate solution injection 2 times " in (soil and fertilizer institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, soil circular, the 06th phase of nineteen sixty-five); " Henan Province's sesbania experiment and demonstration achievement Report " mentions " use 40 jin of calcium superphosphate for every mu and make a mouthful fertilizer " in (Bai Hongxiang, soil circular, 06 phase of nineteen sixty-five); In " cultivation technique of sesbania " (Fan Jinchun, Chinese countryside science and technology, o. 11th in 1996), mention " before sesbania sowing, mu is executed 20 kilograms of general calcium and is made base manure ... at first flower and contain the flower bud phase and spray 0.2% potassium primary phosphate or l% calcium superphosphate "; " improving the cultivation technique research of sesbania seed collecting amount " (He Jing, Liaoning agricultural sciences, the 03rd phase in 1992) in mention " execute calcium superphosphate 15～20kg for every mu and make base manure ... seedling spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate ".
In sum, also there is no up to now the report about common sesbania special fertilizer.The problem that current published prior art exists comprises: (1) applying fertilizer is general quick-acting chemical fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient this season utilization ratio is very low, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer only has 30～35%, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is about 10～20%, potassium utilization rate is 35～50%, causes serious environmental pollution when tremendous economic loss; (2), when laying particular stress on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, ignored using of fertilizer and micro-fertilizer; (3) common sesbania is multi-usage crop, but does not carry out fertilizer application according to production purposes or processing object; (4) fertilizer is divided into base manure and topdressing and applies for twice, has increased fertilising cost.
Summary of the invention
Huang-Huai-Hai is one of main common sesbania producing region of China, is subject to the impact of traditional agriculture structure, and common sesbania is multiple to be implanted in along on the middle-and-low-yielding fields of Huang or coastland, and soil organism average content is lower than 7.0g/kg, the trace element deficiency such as Fe, Mn, Zn.Object of the present invention is intended to make up the deficiency of existing common sesbania fertilizer practice, according to the fertile pattern of the need of the soil nutrient feature of Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields and common sesbania, provide a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer and preparation and application process that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields; taking organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose as basic raw material, when spraying granulation activator, make through disc granulation.Wherein, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are pressed N:P
2o
5: K
2the mass ratio combination of O=5～9:14～20:0～2.
Described organic substrate is selected from soddy soil, brown coal or weathered coal; Its consumption is the 40-50wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount.
Described inorganic matrix is selected from attapulgite, wilkinite or kaolin; Its consumption is the 2-8wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium primary phosphate, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Described potash fertilizer is selected from dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate or Repone K; The total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is the 45-50wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount.
Described trace element chelated dose is as follows with the preparation method of granulation activator: described trace element chelated dose of consumption is the 1-3wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount.
Further, preferred common sesbania special fertilizer, composition of raw materials is as one of following A～C:
A. a common sesbania special fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 46 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 48 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:20:0; When being suitable as Green manuring, uses this formula.
B. a common sesbania special fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 12 parts, urea, 32 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 44 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=9:14:2; When being suitable as forage grass plantation, uses this formula.
C. a common sesbania special fertilizer, raw materials quality part consists of: 1 part, urea, 41 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 45 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:18:2; This formula is applicable to when seed is produced using.
The preparation method of the common sesbania special fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of trace element chelated dose and granulation activator
Be 0.1～0.3mm by being crushed to particle diameter after organic substrate dry (to Han Shui Liang≤20wt%), the potassium hydroxide or the sodium hydroxide solution that are 1.5～2.5wt% with concentration mix according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5～20, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill 24h at least, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; According to mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2～4 parts of iron vitriols, 1～2 part of manganous sulfate and 2～4 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking sediment B and supernatant liquid C; Sediment B is trace element chelated dose, and liquid C is granulation activator.
Further the preparation method of preferred trace element chelated dose and granulation activator is as one of following D～F:
D. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 with the potassium hydroxide of 1.5wt%, makes liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
E. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, makes liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
F. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the sodium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, makes liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of iron vitriols, 2 parts of manganous sulfates and 4 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
(2) disc granulation
By organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose dry, make the water content≤2wt% of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the water content≤20wt% of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose.After each feed composition is dry, pulverize, to particle diameter be 0.1mm～0.3mm.Take in proportion each feed composition, be uniformly mixed, obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc, spray granulation activator to water content 30～40wt%, carry out disc granulation; after granulation, be dried to water content≤5wt% through 50 DEG C～60 DEG C, obtain common sesbania special fertilizer.
Further preferred, the common sesbania special fertilizer of water content≤5wt% after dry is further sieved to the particle that cut-off footpath is 1mm～3.35mm, as being common sesbania special fertilizer finished product.
The application process of common sesbania special fertilizer of the present invention is as follows: common sesbania special fertilizer of the present invention applies as base manure is disposable, rate of fertilizer application 150～300kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6～10cm.
Fertilization mode is preferably used disc type precision seeder, the disposable below that applies seed when carrying out sesbania seeding operation, and earthing after fertilising, carries out field management by this area routine techniques.
Effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, nutritive element reasonable ratio
The present invention is directed to sesbania cauline leaf growth and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of seed growth and the soil property feature of Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields configures and forms, nutritive element reasonable ratio, with strong points, fertilizer this season utilization ratio improves 5%～10%, can meet the requirement of the sesbania fertilizer application of different production objects.
2, the fertilizer efficiency time length is long
The trace elements such as macroelement and ferrimanganic zinc such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium form the relatively-stationary circular granular of profile after organic substrate and inorganic matrix parcel, reduce the contact area with soil particle, in addition, the trace elements such as ferrimanganic zinc exist in the mode of macromole humic acid chelating thing, the decomposition, conversion and the uptake rate that have reduced nutritive element, fertilizer nutrient release period can extend 10d～15d.
3, organic content is abundant
The common sesbania growing area in Huang-Huai-Hai is generally distributed in that soil fertility is lower, the plot of hypsography low-lying, and soil organic matter content is on the low side.Special fertilizer of the present invention adopts the weathered coal, peat soil or the brown coal that are rich in humic acids as Source Organic Matter, and life-time service can strengthen soil aggregate, keeps the balance of Trace Elements in Soil, improves soil water-retaining feeder capability.
4, production technique is more reasonable
By the rest product fluid C(in trace element chelated dose of preparation process taking potassium sulfate and potassium hydroxide as main mixture; or sodium sulfate and sodium hydroxide are main mixture) as granulation activator; be sprayed onto in the raw material of disc granulation; can increase the potassium content in fertilizer; also can react with humic acids and generate water-soluble potassium humate or Sodium salts humic acids, improve the biological activity of special fertilizer.On the other hand, granulation activator improves the viscosity of inorganic matrix, when accelerating granulation speed, has improved the hardness of fertiliser granulates.Net effect is better than the tap water spraying in traditional granulation process.
Embodiment
Urea (46-0-0) used in embodiment is produced by Lunan Chemical Fertilizer Factory, Shandong.Monoammonium phosphate (11-44-0) is produced by Hubei Xiang Yun chemical industry stock company.Potassium sulfate (0-0-51) is produced by Guotou Xinjiang Luobubu Potassium Salt LLC.Potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, iron vitriol, manganous sulfate, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate are produced by Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, weathered coal is produced by Shanxi Xin Da humic acid factory, organic content >=50wt%, free state content of humic acid >=30wt%, wilkinite is produced by Weifang Hua Wei wilkinite Group Plc.
Described nitrogen fertilizer amount with N calculate, Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates is with P
2o
5calculating, Potassium Fertilizer are with K
2o calculates, and nutrient mass ratio is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5～9:14～20:0～2.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of common sesbania special fertilizer, taking monoammonium phosphate, weathered coal, wilkinite, trace element chelated dose as raw material, the mass parts of each component is: 46 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 48 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts of wilkinites.
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) weathered coal crushed after being dried, to particle diameter 0.1mm～0.3mm, is mixed according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 with the potassium hydroxide of 1.5wt%, stirs after 1h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugally make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
(2) by organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose dry, make the water content≤2wt% of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the water content≤20wt% of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose.After each feed composition is dry, pulverize, to particle diameter be 0.1mm～0.3mm.Take in proportion each feed composition; be uniformly mixed; obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc; spray granulation activator to water content 30～40wt%; carry out disc granulation, after granulation, be dried to water content≤5wt% through 50～60 DEG C, the particle of sieve cut-off footpath 1mm～3.35mm is common sesbania special fertilizer finished product.
The common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content making is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:20:0.When being applicable to common sesbania as Green manuring, uses this special fertilizer rate of fertilizer application 150kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6～10cm.The disposable below that applies seed when using disc type precision seeder to carry out sesbania seeding operation, earthing after fertilising.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of common sesbania special fertilizer, taking urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, weathered coal, wilkinite, trace element chelated dose as raw material, the mass parts of each component is: 12 parts, urea, 32 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 44 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
Preparation method is as follows:
Weathered coal crushed after being dried, to particle diameter 0.1mm～0.3mm, is mixed according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, stirs after 2h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 2h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugally make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.Other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
The common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content making is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=9:14:2.This special fertilizer is applicable to when common sesbania is planted as forage grass using, rate of fertilizer application 300kg/hm
2.
Fertilizing method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of common sesbania special fertilizer, taking urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, weathered coal, wilkinite, trace element chelated dose as raw material, the mass parts of each component is: 1 part, urea, 41 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts, Repone K, 45 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts of wilkinites.
Preparation method is as follows:
Weathered coal crushed after being dried, to particle diameter 0.1mm～0.3mm, is mixed according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, stirs after 2h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of iron vitriols, 2 parts of manganous sulfates and 4 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 2h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugally make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.Other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
The common sesbania special fertilizer nutrient content making is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:18:2.This special fertilizer is applicable to when common sesbania seed is produced using, rate of fertilizer application 300kg/hm
2.
Fertilizing method is with embodiment 1.
Field experiment result:
Comparative example: local traditional fertilization custom, before sowing, execute diammonium phosphate (13-44-0, Lubei Enterprise Group Co, Shandong produces) 300kg/hm
2as base manure, seed field sprays 0.2% potassium primary phosphate (0-51-33, Anqiu, Shandong rapid development Science and Technology Ltd. produces) 1500kg/hm after blooming
2.
The effect of above embodiment 1～3 and comparative example is as follows:
Test site: Guangrao County of Dongying city, Jiyang County, Jinan City, Shandong Province
Test period: 2012～2013.
Arrange for the common sesbania kind of examination (being) and test: Jiyang County plantation " No. 1, Lu Jing " (20076A047, the fertilizer of Shandong Province's Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop seed selection is raised dual-purpose kind), arrangement is that embodiment 1 tests; The seed kipeming high yield strain of Guangrao County's plantation " No. 1, Lu Jing " and the Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop seed selection of 20076B068(Shandong Province), arrange respectively embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to test.
Effect average result is in table 1.Compare respectively at comparative example, the fresh careless output of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 has increased respectively 3121kg/hm
2and 3330kg/hm
2, amplification 12.84% and 14.46%; Reduce respectively 1320 yuan/hm of fertilising cost
2with 810 yuan/hm
2.The grain yield of embodiment 3 has increased 255kg/hm
2, amplification 15.13%, reduces 1140 yuan/hm of fertilising cost
2.
The effect of increasing production of table 1. embodiment 1～3 compared with comparative example
To sum up, adopt common sesbania special fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve fresh grass and the grain yield of common sesbania, reduce fertilising cost, improve the utilising efficiency of fertilizer.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields, is characterized in that, taking organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose as basic raw material, when spraying granulation activator, makes through disc granulation; Wherein, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are pressed N:P
2o
5: K
2the mass ratio combination of O=5～9:14～20:0～2, the total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is the 45-50wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount; Described organic substrate consumption is the 40-50wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount; Described inorganic matrix consumption is the 2-8wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount; Described trace element chelated dose of consumption is the 1-3wt% of common sesbania special fertilizer total amount;
Described trace element chelated dose is prepared from by following method with granulation activator: be 0.1～0.3mm by organic substrate crushed after being dried to particle diameter, the potassium hydroxide or the sodium hydroxide solution that are 1.5～2.5wt% with concentration mix according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5～20, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill 24h at least, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; According to mass ratio meter, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2～4 parts of iron vitriols, 1～2 part of manganous sulfate and 2～4 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifugal sediment B and supernatant liquid C; Sediment B is trace element chelated dose, and supernatant liquid C is granulation activator.
2. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described organic substrate is selected from soddy soil, brown coal or weathered coal; Described inorganic matrix is selected from attapulgite, wilkinite or kaolin; Described nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium primary phosphate, monoammonium phosphate or diammonium phosphate; Described potash fertilizer is selected from dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate or Repone K.
3. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, raw materials quality part of described common sesbania special fertilizer consists of: 46 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 48 parts of weathered coals, 4 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
4. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, raw materials quality part of described common sesbania special fertilizer consists of: 12 parts, urea, 32 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 44 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
5. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, raw materials quality part of described common sesbania special fertilizer consists of: 1 part, urea, 41 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 45 parts of weathered coals, 6 parts of wilkinites, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
6. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose is prepared from by following method with granulation activator: the potassium hydroxide that is 1.5wt% with concentration by weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill 24h at least, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Meter in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill at least 24h, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
7. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose is prepared from by following method with granulation activator: the potassium hydroxide that is 2.5wt% with concentration by weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill 24h at least, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Meter in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of iron vitriols, 1 part of manganous sulfate and 2 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill at least 24h, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
8. a kind of common sesbania special fertilizer that is applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose is prepared from by following method with granulation activator: the sodium hydroxide that is 2.5wt% with concentration by weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill 24h at least, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Meter in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of iron vitriols, 2 parts of manganous sulfates and 4 parts of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, stir after 1h～2h, leave standstill at least 24h, make trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
9. a common sesbania special fertilizer method of preparing described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, by organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose dry, make the water content≤2wt% of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the water content≤20wt% of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose; After each feed composition is dry, being crushed to particle diameter is 0.1mm～0.3mm; Take in proportion each feed composition, be uniformly mixed, obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc, spray granulation activator to water content 30～40wt%, carry out disc granulation; after granulation, be dried to water content≤5wt% through 50 DEG C～60 DEG C, obtain common sesbania special fertilizer.
10. the application process of the common sesbania special fertilizer described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described common sesbania special fertilizer applies as base manure is disposable, rate of fertilizer application 150～300kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6～10cm.
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| CN104119122A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-10-29 | 林英杰 | Special fertilizer suitable for film-mulched peanuts in Huang-Huai-Hai areas |
| CN108314554A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-24 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of sweet potato special fertilizer and its production method |
| CN108395330A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-14 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of eryuelan special fertilizer and its production method |
| CN108575592A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of light simplified villose vetch seed production methods and mating cleaning plant |
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