CN103910580B - Common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region - Google Patents
Common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 MAP 32 parts Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical group [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical group [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 4
- 241000219782 Sesbania Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in a Huang-Huai-Hai region and belongs to the field of fertilizer preparation. An organic matrix, an inorganic matrix, a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassic fertilizer and a trace element chelating agent serve as basic raw materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: spraying, granulating activating agents and preparing the fertilizer through disc granulation, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potassic fertilizer are mixed according to a mass ratio 5-9:14-20:0-2 of N:P2O5:K2O. The common fertilizer special for sesbania serving as a base fertilizer is applied at a time, is simple in production process, low in cost, environment-friendly, high in utilization rate and obvious in yield-increasing effect and is suitable for needs of common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region and feed or particle production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fertilizer manufacturing, particularly a kind of be applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields general PE special fertilizer and preparation and application process.
Background technology
General PE (Sesbania cannabina Pers.) is annual herb legume, there is stronger resistance, soil suitability is extremely strong, in acidity, alkalescence, saline-alkali soil, nonirrigated farmland, flooded all can to grow, its well developed root system, be distributed in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40cm more, root nodule is many and large, and nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, but also can the more stem knurl of quantity of formation, this makes sesbania become a kind of excellent green manure in summer, and can be used as the pionner of soil remediation and transformation.In addition, general PE is also the good feed of fowl, poultry, fish, and its seed also can be used to produce sesbania gum, for oil extraction in oil field, ore dressing metallurgy, mining blasting, weaving and daily-use chemical industry, is industrial glue with crop; Its stem stalk fiber can be used to papermaking.Therefore, general PE is the plant that a kind of value is higher, has more wide cultivating value and application prospect.
Fertilising is one of important control measures of general PE cultivating and growing, patent of invention 201310189425.7(application number) disclose and be a kind ofly applicable to the sugar grass in salt-soda soil and the method for sesbania intercropping, sesbania fertilising for " execute farm manure 1200 ~ 1500 kilograms for every mu before sowing; Or spread fertilizer over the fields chemical fertilizer, according to every mu of 5.5 ~ 6.5kgN, 5.0 ~ 5.5kgP
2o
5effective dose administration unit chemical fertilizer or the composite fertilizer of equivalence ... nitrogenous fertilizer adopts coated slow-release urea ... prior to seeding, fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface and turned over and buries, nitrogenous fertilizer preferably uses coated slow-release urea ".Mention in " culture and utility of sesbania in Shandong and change alkali effect " (soil and fertilizer research institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, soil is circulated a notice of, phase nineteen sixty-five the 06th) " mid-August with 0.2% calcium superphosphate solution spray 2 times "; Mention " use calcium superphosphate 40 jin for every mu and make mouth fertilizer " in " Henan Province's sesbania experiment and demonstration achievement Report " (Bai Hongxiang, soil is circulated a notice of, phase nineteen sixty-five 06); Mention " before sesbania sowing, mu is executed 20 kilograms of general calcium and made base manure ... spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or l% calcium superphosphate at first flower and Sheng flower bud phase " in " cultivation technique of sesbania " (Fan Jinchun, Chinese countryside is scientific and technological, o. 11th in 1996); " improving the cultivation technique research of sesbania seed collecting amount " (He Jing, Liaoning agricultural sciences, the 03rd phase in 1992) in mention " execute calcium superphosphate 15 ~ 20kg for every mu and make base manure ... seedling spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate ".
In sum, up to now also not about the report of general PE special fertilizer.Current published prior art Problems existing comprises: (1) applying fertilizer is general quick-acting chemical fertilizer, fertilizer nutrient this season utilization rate is very low, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer only has 30 ~ 35%, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is about 10 ~ 20%, potassium utilization rate is 35 ~ 50%, causes serious environmental pollution while tremendous economic loss; (2), while laying particular stress on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, using of fertilizer and micro-fertilizer is ignored; (3) general PE is multipurpose crop, but does not carry out fertilizer application according to production purposes or processing object; (4) fertilizer is divided into base manure to apply for twice with topdressing, and adds fertilising cost.
Summary of the invention
Huang-Huai-Hai is one of main general PE producing region of China, and by the impact of traditional agriculture structure, general PE is multiple to be implanted in along on the middle-and-low-yielding fields of yellow or coastal area, and soil organism average content is lower than the microelement deficiencies such as 7.0g/kg, Fe, Mn, Zn.Object of the present invention is intended to the deficiency making up existing general PE fertilizer practice, according to the fertile pattern of need of the soil nutrient feature of Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields and general PE, provide a kind of be applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields general PE special fertilizer and preparation and application process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields; with organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose for base stock, obtain through disc granulation while spraying granulation activator.Wherein, N:P pressed by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
2o
5: K
2the mass ratio combination of O=5 ~ 9:14 ~ 20:0 ~ 2.
Described organic substrate is selected from soddy soil, brown coal or weathered coal; Its consumption is the 40-50wt% of general PE special fertilizer total amount.
Described inorganic matrix is selected from attapulgite, bentonite or kaolin; Its consumption is the 2-8wt% of general PE special fertilizer total amount.
Described nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP); Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP); Described potash fertilizer is selected from dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride; The total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is the 45-50wt% of general PE special fertilizer total amount.
Described trace element chelated dose as follows with the preparation method of granulation activator: described trace element chelated dose of consumption is the 1-3wt% of general PE special fertilizer total amount.
Further, preferred general PE special fertilizer, composition of raw materials is as one of following A ~ C:
A. a general PE special fertilizer, material quality part consists of: MAP 46 parts, weathered coal 48 parts, bentonite 4 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:20:0; Use when this formula is suitable as Green manuring.
B. a general PE special fertilizer, material quality part consists of: 12 parts, urea, MAP 32 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, weathered coal 44 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=9:14:2; Use when this formula is suitable as forage grass plantation.
C. a general PE special fertilizer, material quality part consists of: 1 part, urea, MAP 41 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, weathered coal 45 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
This general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:18:2; This formula is applicable to using when seed is produced.
The preparation method of general PE special fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of trace element chelated dose and granulation activator
Be 0.1 ~ 0.3mm by being crushed to particle diameter after organic substrate drying (to Han Shui Liang≤20wt%), be that the potassium hydroxide of 1.5 ~ 2.5wt% or sodium hydroxide solution mix according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 ~ 20 with concentration, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; According to mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 ~ 4 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 ~ 2 part of manganese sulfate and 2 ~ 4 parts of white vitriols, stir after 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking sediment B and supernatant liquid C; Sediment B is trace element chelated dose, and liquid C is granulation activator.
Further preferably the preparation method of trace element chelated dose and granulation activator as one of following D ~ F:
D. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 with the potassium hydroxide of 1.5wt%, obtained liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
E. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, obtained liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
F. weathered coal mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the NaOH of 2.5wt%, obtained liquid A.Every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 2 parts of manganese sulfates and 4 parts of white vitriols, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
(2) disc granulation
By organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose of drying, make the water content≤2wt% of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the water content≤20wt% of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose.After each raw material components drying, pulverizing, is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm to particle diameter.Take each raw material components in proportion, be uniformly mixed, obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc, spray granulation activator to water content 30 ~ 40wt%, carry out disc granulation; be dried to water content≤5wt% through 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C after granulation, obtain general PE special fertilizer.
Preferred further, the general PE special fertilizer of water content≤5wt% after drying is sieved the particle that cut-off footpath is 1mm ~ 3.35mm further, as being general PE special fertilizer finished product.
The application process of general PE special fertilizer of the present invention is as follows: general PE special fertilizer of the present invention applies as base manure is disposable, dose 150 ~ 300kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6 ~ 10cm.
Fertilization mode preferably uses disc type precision seeder, the disposable below applying seed while carrying out sesbania seeding operation, and earthing after fertilising, carries out field management by this area routine techniques.
Effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, nutrient reasonable mixture ratio
The soil property feature configuration of the regulation of fertilizer requirement and Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields that the present invention is directed to the growth of sesbania cauline leaf and seed growth forms, nutrient reasonable mixture ratio, with strong points, fertilizer this season utilization rate improves 5% ~ 10%, can meet the requirement of the sesbania fertilizer application of different production object.
2, the fertilizer efficiency duration is long
The trace element such as a great number of elements such as N P and K and ferrimanganic zinc forms the relatively-stationary circular granular of profile after organic substrate and inorganic matrix parcel, decrease the contact area with soil particle, in addition, the trace element such as ferrimanganic zinc exists in the mode of large molecule humic acid chelating thing, reduce the decomposition of nutrient, conversion and absorption rate, fertilizer nutrient release period can extend 10d ~ 15d.
3, the content of organic matter is enriched
Huang-Huai-Hai general PE growing area is generally distributed in that soil fertility is lower, the plot of hypsography low-lying, and soil organic matter content is on the low side.Special fertilizer of the present invention adopts the weathered coal, peat soil or the brown coal that are rich in humic acid as Source Organic Matter, and Long-Time Service can strengthen soil aggregate, keeps the balance of Trace Elements in Soil, improves soil water-retaining feeder capability.
4, production technology is more reasonable
By the rest product fluid C(in trace element chelated dose of preparation process based on the mixture of potassium sulfate and potassium hydroxide; or sodium sulphate and NaOH are main mixture) as granulation activator; be sprayed onto in the raw material of disc granulation; the potassium content in fertilizer can be increased; also can react with humic acid and generate water-soluble humic acid potassium or sodium humate, improve the biologically active of special fertilizer.On the other hand, granulation activator improves the viscosity of inorganic matrix, while accelerating granulation speed, improves the hardness of fertiliser granulates.Resultant effect is better than the running water sprayed in traditional granulation process.
Detailed description of the invention
Urea (46-0-0) used in embodiment is produced by Lunan Chemical Fertilizer Factory, Shandong.MAP (11-44-0) is produced by Hubei Xiang Yun chemical industry joint-stock company.Potassium sulfate (0-0-51) is produced by Guotou Xinjiang Luobubu Potassium Salt LLC.Potassium hydroxide, NaOH, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, white vitriol are produced by Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, weathered coal is produced by the prosperous humic acid plant that reaches in Shanxi, the content of organic matter >=50wt%, free state content of humic acid >=30wt%, bentonite is produced by Weifang Hua Wei bentonite Group Plc.
Described nitrogen fertilizer amount calculates with N, Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates is with P
2o
5calculating, Potassium Fertilizer are with K
2o calculates, and nutritional quality is than being N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5 ~ 9:14 ~ 20:0 ~ 2.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of general PE special fertilizer, with MAP, weathered coal, bentonite, trace element chelated dose for raw material, the mass parts of each component is: MAP 46 parts, weathered coal 48 parts, bentonite 4 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
Preparation method is as follows:
(1) weathered coal crushed after being dried is to particle diameter 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm, mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 with the potassium hydroxide of 1.5wt%, stirs after 1h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, stir after 1h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugal obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
(2) by organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose of drying, the water content≤2wt% of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is made, the water content≤20wt% of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose.After each raw material components drying, pulverizing, is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm to particle diameter.Take each raw material components in proportion; be uniformly mixed; obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc; spray granulation activator to water content 30 ~ 40wt%; carry out disc granulation, be dried to water content≤5wt% after granulation through 50 ~ 60 DEG C, the particle of sieve cut-off footpath 1mm ~ 3.35mm is general PE special fertilizer finished product.
Obtained general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:20:0.This special fertilizer is applicable to general PE and uses as during Green manuring, dose 150kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6 ~ 10cm.The disposable below applying seed while using disc type precision seeder to carry out sesbania seeding operation, earthing after fertilising.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of general PE special fertilizer, with urea, MAP, potassium sulfate, weathered coal, bentonite, trace element chelated dose for raw material, the mass parts of each component is: 12 parts, urea, MAP 32 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, weathered coal 44 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
Preparation method is as follows:
Weathered coal crushed after being dried, to particle diameter 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm, mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, stirs after 2h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, stir after 2h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugal obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.Other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
Obtained general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=9:14:2.This special fertilizer is applicable to using when general PE is planted as forage grass, dose 300kg/hm
2.
Fertilizing method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of general PE special fertilizer, with urea, MAP, potassium sulfate, weathered coal, bentonite, trace element chelated dose for raw material, the mass parts of each component is: 1 part, urea, MAP 41 parts, 4 parts, potassium chloride, weathered coal 45 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
Preparation method is as follows:
Weathered coal crushed after being dried, to particle diameter 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm, mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 with the potassium hydroxide of 2.5wt%, stirs after 2h, leaves standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A.In mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 2 parts of manganese sulfates and 4 parts of white vitriols, stir after 2h, leave standstill 24h, after filtration or centrifugal obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.Other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
Obtained general PE special fertilizer nutrient content is N:P
2o
5: K
2o=5:18:2.This special fertilizer is applicable to using when general PE seed is produced, dose 300kg/hm
2.
Fertilizing method is with embodiment 1.
Field experiment result:
Comparative example: local traditional fertilization custom, executes Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (13-44-0, Lubei Enterprise Group Co, Shandong produces) 300kg/hm before sowing
2as base manure, seed field Post flowering sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0-51-33, Anqiu, Shandong rapid development Science and Technology Ltd. produces) 1500kg/hm
2.
The effect of above embodiment 1 ~ 3 and comparative example is as follows:
Test site: Guangrao County of Dongying city, Jiyang County, Jinan City, Shandong Province
Test period: 2012 ~ 2013.
Arrange for examination general PE kind (being) and test: Jiyang County plantation " No. 1, Lu Jing " (20076A047, dual-purpose kind raised by the fertilizer of Shandong Province's Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop seed selection), arrangement is that embodiment 1 is tested; The seed kipeming high yield strain of Guangrao County's plantation " No. 1, Lu Jing " and the Germplasm Resources of Farm Crop seed selection of 20076B068(Shandong Province), arrange embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 to test respectively.
Effect average result is in table 1.Compare respectively at comparative example, the green forage yield of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 adds 3121kg/hm respectively
2and 3330kg/hm
2, amplification 12.84% and 14.46%; Reduce fertilising cost 1320 yuan/hm respectively
2with 810 yuan/hm
2.The grain yield of embodiment 3 adds 255kg/hm
2, amplification 15.13%, reduces fertilising cost 1140 yuan/hm
2.
The effect of increasing production of table 1. embodiment 1 ~ 3 compared with comparative example
To sum up, adopt general PE special fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve fresh grass and the grain yield of general PE, reduce fertilising cost, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. be applicable to a general PE special fertilizer for Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields, it is characterized in that, with organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose for base stock, obtain through disc granulation while spraying granulation activator; Wherein, N:P pressed by nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
2o
5: K
2the mass ratio combination of O=5 ~ 9:14 ~ 20:0 ~ 2, the total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is the 45-50 wt % of general PE special fertilizer total amount; Described organic substrate is selected from soddy soil, brown coal or weathered coal, and organic substrate consumption is the 40-50 wt % of general PE special fertilizer total amount; Described inorganic matrix consumption is the 2-8 wt % of general PE special fertilizer total amount; Described trace element chelated dose of consumption is the 1-3 wt % of general PE special fertilizer total amount;
Described trace element chelated dose and granulation activator are prepared from by following method: be 0.1 ~ 0.3mm by organic substrate crushed after being dried to particle diameter, be that the potassium hydroxide of 1.5 ~ 2.5 wt % or sodium hydroxide solution mix according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:5 ~ 20 with concentration, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; According to mass ratio meter, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 ~ 4 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 ~ 2 part of manganese sulfate and 2 ~ 4 parts of white vitriols, stir after 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifugal sediment B and supernatant liquid C; Sediment B is trace element chelated dose, and supernatant liquid C is granulation activator.
2. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described inorganic matrix is selected from attapulgite, bentonite or kaolin; Described nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP); Described phosphate fertilizer is selected from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP or Diammonium phosphate (DAP); Described potash fertilizer is selected from dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
3. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, material quality part of described general PE special fertilizer consists of: MAP 46 parts, weathered coal 48 parts, bentonite 4 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
4. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, material quality part of described general PE special fertilizer consists of: 12 parts, urea, MAP 32 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, weathered coal 44 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
5. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, material quality part of described general PE special fertilizer consists of: 1 part, urea, MAP 41 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, weathered coal 45 parts, bentonite 6 parts, trace element chelated dose 2 parts.
6. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose and granulation activator are prepared from by following method: be that the potassium hydroxide of 1.5 wt % mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 by weathered coal and concentration, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Count in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
7. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose and granulation activator are prepared from by following method: be that the potassium hydroxide of 2.5 wt % mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 by weathered coal and concentration, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Count in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 2 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 1 part of manganese sulfate and 2 parts of white vitriols, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
8. a kind of general PE special fertilizer being applicable to Huang-Huai-Hai middle-and-low-yielding fields as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described trace element chelated dose and granulation activator are prepared from by following method: be that the NaOH of 2.5 wt % mixes according to the mass ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 by weathered coal and concentration, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, after filtration or centrifuging and taking supernatant liquid A; Count in mass ratio, every 100 parts of liquid A add 4 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrates, 2 parts of manganese sulfates and 4 parts of white vitriols, after stirring 1h ~ 2h, leave standstill at least 24h, obtained trace element chelated dose and granulation activator.
9. prepare the general PE special fertilizer method described in claim 1 or 2 for one kind, it is characterized in that, by organic substrate, inorganic matrix, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element chelated dose of drying, make the water content≤2 wt % of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the water content≤20 wt % of organic substrate, inorganic matrix and trace element chelated dose; After each raw material components drying, carrying out being crushed to particle diameter is 0.1mm ~ 0.3mm; Take each raw material components in proportion, be uniformly mixed, obtain compound; deliver in granulating disc, spray granulation activator to water content 30 ~ 40 wt %, carry out disc granulation; be dried to water content≤5wt% through 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C after granulation, obtain general PE special fertilizer.
10. the application process of the general PE special fertilizer described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described general PE special fertilizer applies as base manure is disposable, dose 150 ~ 300 kg/hm
2, fertilization depth is 6 ~ 10cm.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410155021.0A CN103910580B (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2014-04-17 | Common fertilizer special for sesbania in medium and low-yield fields in Huang-Huai-Hai region |
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| CN108395330A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-14 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | A kind of eryuelan special fertilizer and its production method |
| CN108575592B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2023-07-04 | 山东绿肥生态科技有限公司 | Production method of light-simplified Mao She seed and matched cleaning device |
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| CN102718593A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-10 | 訾兆举 | Production method for dual acid chelate organic compound fertilizer |
| CN102320881B (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2013-04-03 | 山东粮源生物有机肥有限公司 | Humic acid bioactive fertilizer produced by using activation technology and preparation and application thereof |
| CN102617250A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-01 | 广西新方向化学工业有限公司 | Novel long-acting alkaline compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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