CN102557795A - Efficient slow-release bulk-blending (BB) fertilizer and preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient slow-release bulk-blending (BB) fertilizer and preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102557795A CN102557795A CN2010106146155A CN201010614615A CN102557795A CN 102557795 A CN102557795 A CN 102557795A CN 2010106146155 A CN2010106146155 A CN 2010106146155A CN 201010614615 A CN201010614615 A CN 201010614615A CN 102557795 A CN102557795 A CN 102557795A
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Abstract
The invention relates to efficient chemical fertilizers, in particular to an efficient slow-release bulk-blending (BB) fertilizer and a preparation and application method thereof. The efficient slow-release BB fertilizer is composed of urea nitrogen fertilizers, phosphatic fertilizers, potash fertilizers, secondary nutrient elements required by plants and trace nutrient elements required by the plants. Measured according to urea pure nitrogen amount of the urea nitrogen fertilizers, urea nitrogen fertilizer amount are 40-46.3% of the pure nitrogen amount, phosphatic fertilizer amount is 30-90% of the pure nitrogen amount, the potash fertilizer amount is 45-100% of the pure nitrogen amount, secondary nutrient elements comprise calcium taking up 10-45% of the pure nitrogen amount and magnesium occupying 5-35% of the pure nitrogen amount, and the trace nutrient elements comprise ferrum occupying 0.1-5% of the pure nitrogen amount, copper occupying 0.1-3% of the pure nitrogen amount, manganese occupying 0.5-3% of the pure nitrogen amount, zinc occupying 0.1-2% of the pure nitrogen amount, boron occupying 0.05-2% of the pure nitrogen amount and molybdenum occupying 0.01-2% of the pure nitrogen amount. Nitrogen fertilizer dosage and proportion of the efficient slow-release BB fertilizer are set fully according to fertilizer requiring characteristics to nitrogen of the plants at different growth periods, continuous supplying of the fertilizer nitrogen is guaranteed, and loss of a nitrogen fertilizer is controlled remarkably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to efficient chemical fertilizer, a kind of specifically high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer and preparation and application process.
Background technology
In present agriculture prodn, common fertilizer exists that fertilizer efficiency period is short, the nutrient proportioning is unreasonable, and nutrient supply is science not, and is more unbalanced, particularly the outstanding more problem in science of nitrogenous fertilizer imbalance between supply and demand.The overall utilization ratio of nitrogen has only 30～35% at present; Loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash is more; The economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower; Cause the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, cause the eutrophication of greenhouse gases effect and water body, make the deterioration of the ecological environment.Fertilizer use in a large number and low utilization ratio descends quality of agricultural product, Soil structure and physico-chemical property are affected.Because the release ratio of the concentrated release of common fertilizer nitrogen nutrient or nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition is inharmonious; Cause fertilizer unbalanced to the nutrient supply of plant; Plant growth environment is produced the nutrient stress effect, promptly do not need to discharge under a large amount of nutrient situation a large amount of nutrients in soil, and when plant needs nutrient in a large number, do not have enough nutrient supplies plant; Therefore the growth to plant produces the nutrient stress effect, thereby has a strong impact on the development of quality of agricultural product and agriculture prodn.The present invention's research invention under this background just, this bulk blended fertilizer can carry out the adjustment of various nutrient proportionings based on using Different Crop, also can based on the needs interpolation of soil fertility situation and crop an amount of in, trace element.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer and preparation and application process.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, and moderate-element is calcium and magnesium, and trace element is iron, copper, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum; To urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer urea pure nitrogen level, to urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer is that pure nitrogen level 40-46.3%, phosphate fertilizer amount are the 30-90% of pure nitrogen level; The potash fertilizer amount is the 45-100% of pure nitrogen level; The moderate-element amount is the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-45% and the magnesium of 5-35%; The trace element amount is for accounting for the iron of pure nitrogen level 0.1-5%, the copper of 0.1-3%, the manganese of 0.5-3%, the zinc of 0.1-2%, the boron of 0.05-2%, the molybdenum of 0.01-2%; The add-on of wherein common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea is the common granular urea and the slowly-releasing granular urea that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 90-100% that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 0-10%.
Said slowly-releasing granular urea is through evenly adding nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent in the urea production process under urine slurry molten state, then carry out high tower pellatizer and the particle diameter produced all at 1.5-4.5 mm slowly-releasing granular urea.
Said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.Said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.Said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar and/or Repone K.
The preparation method of high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in humic acids or the humate mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle of particle diameter as 1.5-4.5 mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 1.5-4.5 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.
Said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.Said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.Said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar and/or Repone K.Said humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron; The humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium; Yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
The application process of high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer; It is characterized in that: in the urea pure nitrogen level of the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer of raw material in the above-mentioned high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer; Other raw material is applied to paddy rice, corn, soybean or vegetables by this benchmark preparation high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer, and the urea pure nitrogen level of wherein urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is 45 kg-300 kg; The high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer of configuration done when farm crop are sowed in spring or during plant transplantation base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of field, in process of crop growth, no longer topdress;
Execute during fertilising at the 5-8 of seed bottom or sidepiece cm and isolate soil layer; Or 3-8 cm depths under the transplanted seedling.
Fertilizer of the present invention is applicable to crops such as paddy rice, corn, soybean or vegetables, and is concrete:
1) be common granular urea of 120 kg-270 kg and slowly-releasing granular urea with above-mentioned pure nitrogen level; Other raw material does when corn is sowed in spring by new and effective blending (BB) fertilizer of this benchmark preparation that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of corn field, in the corn growth process, no longer topdresses; Execute during fertilising seed bottom, sidepiece with corn seed the isolation soil layer of 5-8 cm is arranged, or adopt with fertilizer with plant isolating seeding machinery and carry out ferti-seeding;
2) be common granular urea of 120 kg-300 kg and slowly-releasing granular urea with above-mentioned pure nitrogen level; Other raw material was raked the soil level preceding 1 day or during whole ground at rice terrace by new and effective blending (BB) fertilizer of this benchmark preparation; Do before the rice transplanting that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace; In growth process of riceplant, no longer topdress, fertilization depth is 5-8 cm;
3) be common granular urea of 45 kg-150 kg and slowly-releasing granular urea with above-mentioned pure nitrogen level; Other raw material does when soybean is sowed in spring by new and effective blending (BB) fertilizer of this benchmark preparation that base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of rice terrace, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdresses; Execute during fertilising seed bottom, sidepiece with soybean seeds the isolation soil layer of 5-8 cm is arranged, or adopt with fertilizer with plant isolating seeding machinery and carry out ferti-seeding.
The advantage that the present invention had:
1. significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer and crop yield.Nitrogen fertilizer amount and ratio described in the fertilizer of the present invention fully according to the plant different growing stages to the nutrient uptake feature of nitrogen and set; Guarantee the sustainable supply of fertilizer nitrogen; Significantly having controlled the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, is that square measure statistical value nitrogen utilization efficiency can improve 10-15 percentage point with the hectare, significantly improves crop yield, improves quality; Compare with common fertilizer, crop yield can increase 10-30%.
2. comprehensive nutrition, the ratio science, nutrient content is high.Total available nutrient content can reach more than 45%.Monoammonium phosphate in the fertilizer of the present invention in the phosphate fertilizer raw material, diammonium phosphate when the plain nutrition of phosphorus is provided, can be crops seedling stage and replenish the essential nitrogen nutrition of a part to the jointing stage growth, make crop nitrogen in the early stage growth course attain full and complete satisfaction; Vitriolate of tartar in the potash fertilizer raw material is when satisfying the necessary potassium element of plant growth, and for crop provides growth necessary element sulphur, the sulfate radical in other in trace element materials also can be crop element sulphur is provided; Repone K provides necessary for plant growth chlorine element simultaneously; Promote the absorption of plant simultaneously, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong plant nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements; Strengthen resistance; Improve the utilization ratio of utilization rate of fertilizer, particularly nitrogenous fertilizer, alleviate the pollution of fertilising ecotope; Make the agricultural-food of production reach fertilizer and preparation and the application process that pollution-free food requires, it is fertile to realize that Yi Ji Shi can satisfy crop whole growth phase need.
3. nutrients ratio is coordinated, and is with strong points, can adjust various component proportionss flexibly according to Different Crop.The present invention has realized the required nutrient balance supply of crop, for significantly improving of quality of agricultural product provides the nutrition assurance, can effectively reduce the environmental pollution because of using fertilizer to cause simultaneously.
4. fertiliser prodn equipment of the present invention is simple, the preparation method is easy to operate, and consumption is few, uses conveniently good fertilizer efficiency.With nitrogen manure amount required in the Different Crop process of growth and phosphate fertilizer, reach and delay the nitrogen manure nutrient and discharge; Potash fertilizer and other essential nutritive element fertilizer proportional mixing; Puddle evenly through machinery or manual work; Promptly can be made into new and effective slowly-releasing BB fertilizer, make its nitrogen nutrient release profiles and crop need fertile curve to match, thereby make the release of fertilizer nutrient can not produce the effect of coercing plant growth; Reach higher yield of crops fine effect, and application process is identical with common fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
Common granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46.2%; The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state, carrying out the slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that high tower pellatizer produces in the urea production process; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 40%.Nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent is urease inhibitors or nitrification inhibitor.
Common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea add-on be in pure nitrogen level, 10% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5 mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), 90% slowly-releasing granular urea urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 40% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with double superhosphate;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 45% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.
Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom;
Trace element; In simple substance; To account for the Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 1% B, 0.5% Mo of pure nitrogen level 2% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle that particle diameter is 2 mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 1.5 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.Said humate can be potassium humate or Sodium salts humic acids.
With in fertilizer urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer purity nitrogen 150 kg (to use 1 hectare of corn field; Big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) be the basis meter; Common granular urea nitrogen content 46.2% is calculated; Need to add common granular urea 32.47kg, the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 337.5kg in pure nitrogen level 40%; Need to add double superhosphate (P
2O
543%) 139.5 kg need to add vitriolate of tartar (K
2O 40%) 168.75 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above, make the high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of corn field.
Application process: with the yield target is 7500-9000 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when corn is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the corn growth process, no longer topdress, execute the isolation soil layer that has 5-8 cm at the corn seed of seed bottom or sidepiece at least during fertilising.
Use this fertilizer corn yield and reach 9182 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer corn yield 8218 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 11.73%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 14.2%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 23.3%.
Embodiment 2:
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
Common granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46.3%; The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through in the urea production process after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state; The slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that carries out high tower pellatizer and produce; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46%.
Common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea add-on be in pure nitrogen level, 10% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5 mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), 90% slowly-releasing granular urea urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 50% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with superphosphate of lime;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 60% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.
Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom;
Trace element; In simple substance; To account for the Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 1% B, 0.5% Mo of pure nitrogen level 2% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle of particle diameter as 2.5mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 2 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.
With in fertilizer urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer purity nitrogen 200 kg (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace; Big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) be the basis meter; Common granular urea nitrogen content 46.3% is calculated; Need to add common granular urea 43.2 kg, the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 391.3 kg in pure nitrogen level 46%; Need to add superphosphate of lime (P
2O
517%) 588.24 kg need to add vitriolate of tartar (K
2O 20%) 600 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above, make the high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 9000-10500 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when paddy rice rakes the soil level base manure is disposable to apply, in growth process of riceplant, no longer topdress, execute soil layer during fertilising in 3-8 cm depths.
Use this fertilizer rice yield and reach 9865 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer rice yield 8356 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 18.06%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 20.12%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 33.15%.
Embodiment 3:
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
Common granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46%; The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through in the urea production process after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state; The slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that carries out high tower pellatizer and produce; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 45%.
Common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea add-on be in the urea pure nitrogen level, 3% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5 mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), 97% slowly-releasing granular urea urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 55% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with the monoammonium phosphate;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 50% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected Repone K for use.
Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom;
Trace element; In simple substance; To account for the Fe, 3% Cu, 3% Mn, 2% Zn, 2% B, 2% Mo of pure nitrogen level 5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle of particle diameter as 3mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 3mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.Said humate can be humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, in the fulvic acid potassium one or more, if can be when several kinds of materials mix by arbitrary proportion.
In in fertilizer urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer purity nitrogen 45 kg (to use 1 hectare of soybean field; Big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) be the basis meter; Common granular urea nitrogen content 46% is calculated; Need to add common granular urea 2.93 kg, the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 97 kg in pure nitrogen level 46%; Need to add monoammonium phosphate (P
2O
543%) 57.55 kg need to add Repone K (K
2O 60%) 37.5 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above, make the high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of soybean field.
Application process: with the yield target is 2250-3000 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when soybean is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the soybeans they grow process, no longer topdress, execute the isolation soil layer that has 5-8 cm at the soybean seeds of seed bottom or sidepiece at least during fertilising.
Use this fertilizer soybean yields and reach 2852 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer rice yield 2368 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 20.44%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 23.5%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 32.8%.
Embodiment 4:
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is the slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through in the urea production process after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state; The slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that carries out high tower pellatizer and produce; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 40%.
Slowly-releasing granular urea add-on is in the urea pure nitrogen level, 100% slowly-releasing granular urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 65% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with the diammonium phosphate;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 80% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected Repone K for use.
Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 20% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom, to account for pure nitrogen level 20%Ca in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, is selected from calcium sulfate;
Trace element; In simple substance; Accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 3% Fe, 2% Cu, 2% Mn, 2% Zn, 1% B, 1% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle that particle diameter is 4 mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 4 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.Said humate can be fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
Be the basis meter in purity nitrogen 280 kg of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in fertilizer (using 1 hectare of corn field, big area use the rest may be inferred calculates preparation and use quantity), the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 700 kg in pure nitrogen level 40%; Need to add diammonium phosphate (P
2O
546%) 395.65 kg need to add Repone K (K
2O 60%) 396.67 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above,, make the high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of corn field.
Application process: with the yield target is 10500-12000 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when corn is sowed in spring base manure is disposable to apply, in the corn growth process, no longer topdress, execute the isolation soil layer that has 5-8 cm at the corn seed of seed bottom or sidepiece at least during fertilising.
Use this fertilizer corn yield and reach 12682 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer corn yield 11041 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 14.86%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 18.25%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 22.41%.
Embodiment 5:
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
Common granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46.2%; The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through in the urea production process after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state; The slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that carries out high tower pellatizer and produce; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 44%.
Common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea add-on be in the urea pure nitrogen level, 5% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5 mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), 95% slowly-releasing granular urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with calcium magnesium phosphorus;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 90% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected Repone K for use.
Trace element; In simple substance; Accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 5% Fe, 3% Cu, 3% Mn, 2% Zn, 2% B, 1% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle that particle diameter is 4.5 mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 4.5 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.Said humate can be zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid.
In in fertilizer urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer purity nitrogen 300 kg (to use 1 hectare of rice terrace; Big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) be the basis meter; Common granular urea nitrogen content 46.2% is calculated; Need to add common granular urea 32.47 kg, the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 647.72 kg in pure nitrogen level 46%; Need to add calcium magnesium phosphorus (P
2O
518%) 1250 kg need to add Repone K (K
2O 60%) 450 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above, make the high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of rice terrace.
Application process: with the yield target is 11250-12750 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when paddy rice rakes the soil level base manure is disposable to apply, in growth process of riceplant, no longer topdress, execute soil layer during fertilising in 3-8 cm depths.
Use this fertilizer rice yield and reach 12672 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer rice yield 11346 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 11.69%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 15.24%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 28.47%.
Embodiment 6:
High-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, in the urea pure nitrogen level.
Common granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 46%; The slowly-releasing granular urea is " crystal seed " with the plain particles slow-release carbamide; Through in the urea production process after evenly adding the nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent mixing under the urine slurry molten state; The slowly-releasing granular urea of the 1.5-4.5 mm that carries out high tower pellatizer and produce; The slowly-releasing granular urea is in pure nitrogen level, and its nitrogen content is 45%.
Common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea add-on be in the urea pure nitrogen level, 10% common big urea (particle diameter 2.5-3.5 mm) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea), 90% slowly-releasing granular urea;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, is a raw material with the diammonium phosphate;
The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.
Trace element; In simple substance; To account for the Fe, 3% Cu, 3% Mn, 2% Zn, 2% B, 2% Mo of pure nitrogen level 5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
Preparing method: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% mix; Adding trace element again mixes; Use sticker to process the particle that particle diameter is 2.5 mm, the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 2.5 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.Said humate can be nitro humic acid.
In in fertilizer urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer purity nitrogen 300 kg (to use 1 hectare of major part field of vegetables; Big area is used that the rest may be inferred and is calculated preparation and use quantity) be the basis meter; Common granular urea nitrogen content 46% is calculated; Need to add common granular urea 65.22 kg, the slowly-releasing granular urea needs to add slowly-releasing granular urea 600 kg in pure nitrogen level 45%; Need to add diammonium phosphate (P
2O
546%) 489.13 kg need to add Repone K (K
2O 60%) 500 kg, various middle amounts are calculated by raw materials used effective nutritive element content is different with the proportioning quantity of trace element according to the method described above, make the high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer that can be applied to 1 hectare of major part field of vegetables.
Application process: with the yield target is 75000-150000 kg/hm
2Be example, above-mentioned fertilizer done when black salted turnip is transplanted base manure is disposable to apply, in the black salted turnip process of growth, no longer topdress, execute soil layer during fertilising in 3-8 cm depths.
Use this fertilizer black salted turnip output and reach 132826 kg/hm
2, use common BB fertilizer black salted turnip output 100152 kg/hm
2, than common BB fertilizer raising the output 32.62%; Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 38.18%, and the fertilizer overall utilization improves 46.82%.
Claims (12)
1. a high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, it is characterized in that: high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer is made up of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, required middle amount nutritive element and the required micronutrient element of plant of plant;
Urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea, and moderate-element is calcium and magnesium, and trace element is iron, copper, manganese, zinc, boron and molybdenum; To urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer urea pure nitrogen level, to urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer is that pure nitrogen level 40-46.3%, phosphate fertilizer amount are the 30-90% of pure nitrogen level; The potash fertilizer amount is the 45-100% of pure nitrogen level; The moderate-element amount is the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-45% and the magnesium of 5-35%; The trace element amount is for accounting for the iron of pure nitrogen level 0.1-5%, the copper of 0.1-3%, the manganese of 0.5-3%, the zinc of 0.1-2%, the boron of 0.05-2%, the molybdenum of 0.01-2%; The add-on of wherein common granular urea and slowly-releasing granular urea is the common granular urea and the slowly-releasing granular urea that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 90-100% that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 0-10%.
2. by the described high-efficiency sustained-release blending of claim 1 BB fertilizer; It is characterized in that: said slowly-releasing granular urea is through evenly adding nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent in the urea production process under urine slurry molten state, then carry out high tower pellatizer and the particle diameter produced all at 1.5-4.5 mm slowly-releasing granular urea.
3. by the described high-efficiency sustained-release blending of claim 1 BB fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
4. by the described high-efficiency sustained-release blending of claim 1 BB fertilizer, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
5. by claim 3 or 4 described high-efficiency sustained-release blending BB fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
6. by the described high-efficiency sustained-release blending of claim 1 BB fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar and/or Repone K.
7.. the preparation method of the described high-efficiency sustained-release BB of claim 1 fertilizer; It is characterized in that: according to the above ratio; Moderate-element joined in humic acids or the humate mix, add trace element again and mix, use sticker to process the particle of particle diameter as 1.5-4.5 mm; The urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that then the particle diameter of selecting for use are 1.5-4.5 mm are sneaked into wherein mixing, promptly get high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer.
8. by the preparation method of the described high-efficiency sustained-release BB of claim 7 fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
9. by the preparation method of the described high-efficiency sustained-release BB of claim 7 fertilizer, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the said moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
10. by the preparation method of claim 8 or 9 described high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, superphosphate of lime or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
11. by the preparation method of the described high-efficiency sustained-release BB of claim 7 fertilizer, it is characterized in that: said potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar and/or Repone K.
12. application process by the described high-efficiency sustained-release BB of claim 1 fertilizer; It is characterized in that: in the urea pure nitrogen level of the urine base nitrogenous fertilizer of raw material in the above-mentioned high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer; Other raw material is applied to paddy rice, corn, soybean or vegetables by this benchmark preparation high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer, and the urea pure nitrogen level of wherein urinating basic nitrogenous fertilizer is 45 kg-300 kg; The high-efficiency sustained-release BB fertilizer of configuration done when farm crop are sowed in spring or during plant transplantation base manure is disposable to apply in 1 hectare of field, in process of crop growth, no longer topdress;
Execute during fertilising at the 5-8 of seed bottom or sidepiece cm and isolate soil layer; Or 3-8 cm depths under the transplanted seedling.
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| CN107285840A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-24 | 云南三环中化化肥有限公司 | A kind of function intensified type BB fertilizer and its production method |
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