CN108440054A - A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization - Google Patents

A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108440054A
CN108440054A CN201810348794.9A CN201810348794A CN108440054A CN 108440054 A CN108440054 A CN 108440054A CN 201810348794 A CN201810348794 A CN 201810348794A CN 108440054 A CN108440054 A CN 108440054A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
rice
resin
days
single fertilization
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CN201810348794.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙义祥
袁嫚嫚
张祥明
王文军
邬刚
耿维
王家宝
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Institute of Soil and Fertilizer of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Soil and Fertilizer of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201810348794.9A priority Critical patent/CN108440054A/en
Publication of CN108440054A publication Critical patent/CN108440054A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization, fertilizer formula includes the component of following quality parts ratio:18 28 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 9 12 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 12 17 parts of potash fertilizer, 05 parts of zinc fertilizer.The present invention has the following advantages:1)It is effective to ensure that demand of the growth period duration of rice to nitrogen, avoids burn seedlings early period, later stage denitrogenation and the unbalanced problem of nutrient;2)The supply for ensureing Rice Growing later stage potash fertilizer, enhances the lodging resistance of rice;3)Single fertilization, efficiently solve fertilization of rice often, the problems such as top dressing is difficult, farm work is heavy, green saving of labor, cost-saving synergistic reduces agricultural non-point source pollution, improves utilization rate of fertilizer.

Description

A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers more particularly to a kind of fertilizer suitable for rice single fertilization and its Preparation method.
Background technology
Rice is one of China's staple food crop, and yield accounts for the one third in the world, to ensureing China's grain security It has a decisive role.Rice cropping is complicated for operation, and in terms of fertilising, traditional fertilization mode includes at least base Fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer apply fertilizer three times.First, the paddy field growing environment of rice causes its top dressing than dry crop hardly possible;Its Secondary, traditional fertilizing type mostly uses the mode spread fertilizer over the fields, and fertilizer is largely dissolved in paddy field, also has partially due to rice itself Block cannot be soluble in water in time, cause waste and threatening environment safety, and fertilizer soluble in water, by ammonia volatilization, runoff, The modes such as elution are lost, and are caused utilization rate of fertilizer to reduce and are increased with environmental pressure;Meanwhile rice top dressing needs to spend a large amount of people Work, and the development of urbanization causes Rice Cropping labour deficient, it is old man to be engaged in the mostly of rice field work, is further increased The difficulty of rice top dressing.
With the improvement of slow/controlled release fertilizer technique, resin coated fertilizers production cost declines, according to crop nutrition content demand controlled release Effect enhances, and slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is mainly used in golf lawn, horticulture and flower etc., gradual development and application by original Onto crops.Chinese patent literature CN100513363 (application number 200710065) discloses a kind of special fertilizer for northeast corn And preparation method thereof, it is matched by common urea and the polymer coated controlled release urea of different acquisition times, blends phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer Corn single fertilization is realized, solves the problems, such as that corn top dressing is difficult, and improve utilization rate of fertilizer.And rice is with corn Two kinds of entirely different crops, uptake characters are also different.
Chinese patent literature CN103910567 (application number 201410046247.7) discloses a kind of special organic nothing of rice Machine complex fertilizer mixes inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer of compost fermentation and humic acid etc., realizes rice single fertilization, but apply Fertilizer amount is big (100-120kg/ mus), and difficulty is brought for field operation, meanwhile, a large amount of chemical fertilizer disposably apply, and can cause Root is burnt in burn seedlings, and organic fertilizer can discharge the gases such as heat and methane during the decomposition Releasing nutrient of rice field, influences rice life It is long.
Therefore, simplify the actual demand of production operation for rice growth demand characteristics and peasant, there is an urgent need to change Into the performance of existing fertilizer, meets the needs of rice green production by single fertilization.
Invention content
The present invention is cumbersome for Rice Cropping process, top dressing is difficult, and dose is big, waste is more, manually scarcity, recruitment are difficult The problems such as, a kind of dedicated release-controlled bulk blended fertilizer of rice one-time use is provided, it is strong to greatly reduce the labour of Rice Cropping process Degree reduces labour cost, realizes under the premise of Ensuring Food Safety, and increasing peasant income, rice green is promoted to increase production and improve productivity.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of fertilizer suitable for rice single fertilization, in Rice Cropping or before rice transplanting or seedling fertilizer synchronizes, or kind Fertilizer is synchronous, single fertilization no longer top dressing, and dose is 40-60kg/ mus, and fertilizer formula includes the group of following quality parts ratio Point:18-28 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 9-12 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 12-17 parts of potash fertilizer, 0-5 parts of zinc fertilizer.
The nitrogenous fertilizer be common urea, 30-50 days acquisition times resin coated urea and 70-120 days acquisition times resin Coated carbamide forms, wherein common urea, 30-50 days acquisition times resin coated urea and 70-120 days acquisition times resin packet The mass ratio of film urea is (3-5):(3-4):(1-3), preferably 4:3:3, the common urea leaded wastewater is 46.0%, tree Fat coated carbamide leaded wastewater is 44.0-45.5%.
The phosphate fertilizer be selected from particle monoammonium phosphate, particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP), particle calcium superphosphate, particle double superhosphate and One or more of grain calcium magnesium phosphate can be taken when phosphate fertilizer is the mixture of above-mentioned a variety of phosphate fertilizer according to actual conditions With combination, adding proportion can be selected arbitrarily.
The coated with resin potassium chloride composition that the potash fertilizer is common potassium chloride and acquisition time is 70-120 days, wherein common chlorine The mass ratio for the coated with resin potassium chloride that change potassium and acquisition time are 70-120 days is (5-6):(4-5), preferably 5:5, common chlorine Change potassium and contains K2O amounts are 60%, and coated with resin potassium chloride contains K2O amounts are 57.0-59.5%.
The zinc fertilizer is granular zinc sulfate, and Zn contents are 20-40%.
N, P in the fertilizer2O5、K2O, the mass percentage of Zn is respectively 25%, 10%, 13%, 1%, wherein resin The N mass percentages of coated carbamide are 45%, and phosphate fertilizer is particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP), wherein N and P2O5Mass percentage difference For 18% and 46%, K in coated with resin potassium chloride2The mass percentage of O is 58%, and the mass percentage of Zn is in zinc fertilizer 30%.
The resin coated urea acquisition time is respectively 40 days and 90 days, and coated with resin potassium chloride acquisition time is 90 days.
Described is that each raw material is put into togerther blender suitable for the preparation method of the fertilizer of rice single fertilization Stirring 5-10 minutes, rotating speed are 10 revs/min, are mixed well to obtain the final product, and gained fertilizer is sent into metering, packing machine is measured and wrapped Dress.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
That the present invention be directed to Rice Cropping processes is cumbersome, top dressing is difficult, dose is big, waste is more, artificial scarcity, recruitment The problems such as difficult, supplies feature according to rice nutrient characteristics of demand and Soil Nutrients in Paddy Field, rationally determine nitrogen in bulk blended fertilizer, phosphorus, Potassium ratio, it is real using the urea and potassium chloride mixture of different rates of release according to rice nitrogen, the interim characteristic of potassium demand Existing rice nitrogen, potassium demand are synchronous with nitrogen, Potassium status, are designed with this, the dedicated release-controlled of rice single fertilization for preparing is mixed Complex fertilizer.
1) two kinds of different resin coated ureas of acquisition time are added to, the release of nitrogen three-level is formed and is entirely given birth to meeting rice Demand of the phase to nitrogen is educated, intermediate not Nitrogen Top Dressing solves to be effective to ensure that the Nitrogen supplying of late growth stage of rice The problems such as rice top dressing is difficult, waste is more, environmental hazard;
2) it is added to a kind of coated with resin potassium chloride, forms the release of potassium two-stage to meet rice entire breeding time to potassium The demand of element promotes Rice Growing later stage (During Grain-filling) cane lodging tolerance, be conducive to ensure rice stable yields, volume increase, Upgrading;
3) supply situation according to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition in Rice Cropping regional soil, rice to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition demand and The nitrogen of a large amount of field test results determinations, phosphorus, potassium nutrition proportioning, nutrient balance application improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, and pacify Entirely, environmentally friendly.
The present invention is the applying fertilizers scientifically of rice, upgrading synergy of losing weight provides an effective solution approach, is had higher Actual application value, wide market.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation Example.
Resin coated urea, coated with resin potassium chloride and zinc fertilizer in embodiment are that An Huimao applies ecological fertilizer Co., Ltd Commercial product, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride are ordinary commercial products.
N, P in embodiment2O5、K2O, the mass percentage of Zn is respectively 25%, 10%, 13%, 1%.
The fertilizer material constituent mass number of rice one-time use is as follows:
Common urea 200kg;
The resin coated urea 150kg of 40 days acquisition times;
The resin coated urea 150kg of 90 days acquisition times;
Particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 210kg;
The common potassium chloride 135kg of particle;
The coated with resin potassium chloride 135kg of 90 days acquisition times;
Granular zinc sulfate 70kg.
The resin coated ureas of different acquisition times, common urea, particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP), granule potassium chloride, tree are taken by formula Fat coating potassium chloride, granular zinc sulfate, by all raw materials be put into blender be 10 revs/min in rotating speed under stir 5 minutes, fully Mixing is up to the fertilizer of rice single fertilization is suitable for, and rice single fertilization fertilizer is sent into metering, packing machine is measured And packaging.
Rice season in 2017 has carried out rice single fertilization fertilizer test (table 1) in Mingguang City of Anhui Province, primary using rice Property soil fertility quality phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer nutrient dosage it is identical as peasant habit processing, Nitrogen Amount than peasant habit processing reduce 17.3%, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of peasant habit processing is divided into base manure, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer and applies three times.The result shows that using rice one Secondary property soil fertility quality is than peasant habit processing volume increase 8.5%, and wilfully force of labor increases 30.1% to nitrogenous fertilizer.
1 Mingguang City's rice single fertilization of table is compared with peasant habit processing
Rice single fertilization fertilizer test (table 2) has been carried out in Guichi District of Chizhou City, Anhui Province within 2016 and 2017, , the two annual Nitrogen Amounts identical as peasant habit processing using the phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer nutrient dosage of the disposable soil fertility quality of rice Reduce 12.6% than peasant habit processing, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of peasant habit processing is divided into base manure, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer and applies three times. The result shows that two annuals apply the disposable soil fertility quality of rice than peasant habit processing volume increase 5.3%, wilfully force of labor increases nitrogenous fertilizer Add 20.5%.
2 Guichi rice single fertilization of table is compared with peasant habit processing
Rice single fertilization fertilizer test (table 3) has been carried out in Anhui Province Chaohu within 2016 and 2017, using rice The phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer nutrient dosage of disposable soil fertility quality are identical as peasant habit processing, and two annual Nitrogen Amounts are practised than peasant Used processing reduces 9.1%, and the nitrogenous fertilizer of peasant habit processing is divided into base manure, tillering fertilizer and ear manuer and applies three times.The result shows that Two annuals, using the disposable soil fertility quality of rice than peasant habit processing volume increase 6.2%, wilfully force of labor increases nitrogenous fertilizer 36.3%.
3 Chaohu rice single fertilization of table is compared with peasant habit processing

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization, which is characterized in that when Rice Cropping or rice transplanting Before or seedling fertilizer synchronizes or seed manure synchronizes, single fertilization no longer top dressing, dose is 40-60kg/ mus, and fertilizer formula includes The component of following quality parts ratio:18-28 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 9-12 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 12-17 parts of potash fertilizer, 0-5 parts of zinc fertilizer.
2. the fertilizer according to claim 1 suitable for rice single fertilization, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is common The resin coated urea composition of urea, the resin coated urea of 30-50 days acquisition times and 70-120 days acquisition times, wherein common urine The mass ratio of the resin coated urea of element, the resin coated urea of 30-50 days acquisition times and 70-120 days acquisition times is(3-5): (3-4):(1-3), the common urea leaded wastewater is 46.0%, and resin coated urea leaded wastewater is 44.0-45.5%.
3. the fertilizer according to claim 1 suitable for rice single fertilization, which is characterized in that the phosphate fertilizer be selected from Grain monoammonium phosphate, particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP), particle calcium superphosphate, particle double superhosphate and one kind or several in granulated calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer Kind.
4. the fertilizer according to claim 1 suitable for rice single fertilization, which is characterized in that the potash fertilizer is common The coated with resin potassium chloride that potassium chloride and acquisition time are 70-120 days forms, wherein common potassium chloride and acquisition time are 70-120 days The mass ratio of coated with resin potassium chloride be(5-6):(4-5), common potassium chloride is containing K2O amounts are 60%, and coated with resin potassium chloride contains K2O amounts are 57.0-59.5%.
5. the fertilizer according to claim 1 suitable for rice single fertilization, which is characterized in that the zinc fertilizer is particle Zinc sulfate, Zn contents are 20-40%.
6. the fertilizer suitable for rice single fertilization according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that N in the fertilizer, P2O5、K2O, the mass percentage of Zn is respectively 25%, 10%, 13%, 1%, wherein the N mass percentages of resin coated urea It is 45%, phosphate fertilizer is particle Diammonium phosphate (DAP), wherein N and P2O5Mass percentage be respectively 18% and 46%, coated with resin chlorination K in potassium2The mass percentage of O is 58%, and the mass percentage of Zn is 30% in zinc fertilizer.
7. according to claim 1, the fertilizer suitable for rice single fertilization described in 2,4, which is characterized in that the resin packet Film urea acquisition time is respectively 40 days and 90 days, and coated with resin potassium chloride acquisition time is 90 days.
8. the preparation method of the fertilizer suitable for rice single fertilization according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that will Each raw material is put into togerther in blender and stirs 5-10 minutes, and rotating speed is 10 revs/min, is mixed well to obtain the final product, and gained fertilizer is sent into meter Amount, packing machine are measured and are packed.
CN201810348794.9A 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof suitable for rice single fertilization Pending CN108440054A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109134051A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 华中农业大学 It is a kind of based on rice-ratooning rice head season Rice Panicle granulated fertilizer fertilizer and preparation method
CN109438094A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-08 北京市农林科学院 S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its application in rice cropping
CN109503296A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 北京市农林科学院 L-type and L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice and its application in rice cropping
CN109824428A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-31 中化化肥有限公司临沂农业研发中心 Dedicated polyurethane controlled release bulk blended fertilizer of rice side deep fertilizing and preparation method thereof
CN110024540A (en) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-19 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of light simplified fertilizing method of rice-regeneration
CN110698253A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-17 江苏省农业科学院 Rice base fertilizer free of additional greening and tillering and application method thereof
CN110734315A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-01-31 贵州民族大学 compounds capable of maintaining phosphorus concentration balance in paddy field soil and method
CN111470912A (en) * 2020-06-07 2020-07-31 沈阳农业大学 Special formula fertilizer for topdressing-free rice and preparation method and use method thereof
CN111978127A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-11-24 南京农业大学 Slow-mixing fertilizer suitable for rice machine-transplanting one-time fertilization technology of medium-high fertility soil
CN112005681A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-01 江苏省耕地质量与农业环境保护站 Method for one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer to crops under straw returning condition
CN112119727A (en) * 2020-11-03 2020-12-25 扬州大学 Method for applying nitrogen to mechanically-transplanted rice in whole growth period by one-time formula
CN114133298A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-04 江苏省农业科学院 One-time fertilization and industrial seedling raising method for rice

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103922853A (en) * 2014-04-28 2014-07-16 南京农业大学 Slow-release compound fertilizer for mechanical transplanting of rice seedlings
CN106810327A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 A kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer
CN107896881A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-13 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103922853A (en) * 2014-04-28 2014-07-16 南京农业大学 Slow-release compound fertilizer for mechanical transplanting of rice seedlings
CN103922853B (en) * 2014-04-28 2016-03-02 南京农业大学 A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer for rice mechanical transplanting
CN106810327A (en) * 2015-11-30 2017-06-09 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 A kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer
CN107896881A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-13 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109134051A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 华中农业大学 It is a kind of based on rice-ratooning rice head season Rice Panicle granulated fertilizer fertilizer and preparation method
CN109438094A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-08 北京市农林科学院 S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its application in rice cropping
CN109503296A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 北京市农林科学院 L-type and L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice and its application in rice cropping
CN109824428A (en) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-31 中化化肥有限公司临沂农业研发中心 Dedicated polyurethane controlled release bulk blended fertilizer of rice side deep fertilizing and preparation method thereof
CN110024540A (en) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-19 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 A kind of light simplified fertilizing method of rice-regeneration
CN110734315A (en) * 2019-10-21 2020-01-31 贵州民族大学 compounds capable of maintaining phosphorus concentration balance in paddy field soil and method
CN110698253A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-01-17 江苏省农业科学院 Rice base fertilizer free of additional greening and tillering and application method thereof
CN111470912A (en) * 2020-06-07 2020-07-31 沈阳农业大学 Special formula fertilizer for topdressing-free rice and preparation method and use method thereof
CN111978127A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-11-24 南京农业大学 Slow-mixing fertilizer suitable for rice machine-transplanting one-time fertilization technology of medium-high fertility soil
CN111978127B (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-06-24 南京农业大学 Slow-mixing fertilizer suitable for rice machine-transplanting one-time fertilization technology of medium-high fertility soil
CN112005681A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-01 江苏省耕地质量与农业环境保护站 Method for one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer to crops under straw returning condition
CN112119727A (en) * 2020-11-03 2020-12-25 扬州大学 Method for applying nitrogen to mechanically-transplanted rice in whole growth period by one-time formula
CN112119727B (en) * 2020-11-03 2022-04-22 扬州大学 Method for applying nitrogen to mechanically-transplanted rice in whole growth period by one-time formula
CN114133298A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-04 江苏省农业科学院 One-time fertilization and industrial seedling raising method for rice

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