CN109438094A - S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its application in rice cropping - Google Patents
S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its application in rice cropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN109438094A CN109438094A CN201811634019.6A CN201811634019A CN109438094A CN 109438094 A CN109438094 A CN 109438094A CN 201811634019 A CN201811634019 A CN 201811634019A CN 109438094 A CN109438094 A CN 109438094A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizers and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its application in rice cropping.The special controlled release fertilizer for rice, including S type coated release-controlled urea and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer.The fertilizing method can make nitrogen dose reduce 20%-40% compared with conventional fertilizer application amount, significantly reduce the amount of nitrogen of rice, it solves the excessively high bring environmental problem of amount of nitrogen generally existing in current Rice Cropping, there is important application value in field of rice cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, it is related to a kind of S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its is planted in rice
Application in training.
Background technique
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is low, and amount of application is higher and higher to cause environmental pollution to be on the rise.Change traditional fertilization mode, improves
Crop yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer become the task of top priority.The appearance of release and release control fertilizer is to solve this task to provide possibility in time,
Because the function that release and release control fertilizer is conventional chemical fertilizers extends and improves, have nutrients release synchronous with crop demand, volatilization, leaching
The advantages that molten, fixation is lacked, mitigates environmental pollution, it can significantly improve crop yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
China is the highest country of Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area maximum paddy total output in the world, the Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area one in China
500,000,000 mu or so directly are maintained at, accounts for about the 30% of the cereal crops gross area, and rice yield accounts for the 50% of total grain output, the whole nation is about
There is 2/3rds population using rice as staple food.Therefore Rice Production occupy in Chinese national economy extremely important status and
Very important influence.Utilization rate of fertilizer is lower in paddy field, and the Ammonia valatilization of fertilizer and denitrification generate in one side paddy field
The reducibility gas such as N0, NO atmosphere can be polluted, such as greenhouse effects, the leaching loss of nutrient is serious in another aspect paddy field,
The loss of nutrient and caused serious pollution of area source in draining when draining dry field, and polluted underground water, make deteriorating water quality,
People also take some measures in view of these situations, such as: balance fertilizing, optimization of C/C composites one are applied fertilizer, and management application skill
The improvement of art measure such as N-dressed deeply etc., but due to the special application conditions of paddy field, long-term redox environment causes mesh
The utilization rate for improving utilization rate of fertilizer especially nitrogenous fertilizer in preceding paddy field does not have much progress.This new and high technology of Controlled Release Fertilizer is solution
Certainly chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and problem of environmental pollution provide new thinking and approach.Therefore since this century, the research of Controlled Release Fertilizer is just
It is the technologic major transformation of chemical fertilizer, according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop, fertilizer is fabricated to automatic release and is needed with crop
A kind of fertilizer type that fertile rule is synchronised, the pollution of Lai Tigao utilization rate of fertilizer and reduction to environment, achieves significant warp
Benefit of helping and social benefit.At present since the common fertilizer effectiveness phase is short on the field crops such as rice, it is difficult to accomplish disposably to exempt to chase after
Fertilizer, fertilising mostly bottom application+impose 2-3 times, is just able to satisfy crop nutrition content demand, cost of labor is caused to increase, fertilizer loss is tight
Weight.Therefore, as overemployment, cost of labor increase, guarantee grain security again, development saving of labor, the rice of synergy are disposable
Fertilizer practice is particularly important with product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer and its in rice cropping
Application.
Paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit provided by the invention, including S type coated release-controlled urea and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer；
The quality of nitrogen accounts for the 10-30% of nitrogen gross mass used in rice field in the S type coated release-controlled urea；
The L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer is made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer；Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer is coated release-controlled by L-type
Urea and instant nitrogenousfertilizer composition.
In above-mentioned paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit, in the S type coated release-controlled urea, the quality of nitrogen concretely accounts for rice
The 20% of nitrogen gross mass used in crop field；
The S type coated release-controlled urea is made of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in the urea granules surface；Institute
Coating layer is stated specifically to be made of polyethylene, polypropylene and talcum powder；
Specifically, the mass parts of the urea granules are 89-92 parts；The mass parts of the polyethylene are 4.5-5.0 parts；Institute
Stating polyacrylic mass parts is 4-4.5 parts；The mass parts of the talcum powder are 0.4-0.6 parts.
More specifically, the S type coated release-controlled urea by 92 parts of urea granules and can be wrapped in the packet on urea granules surface
Film layer composition；Wherein, the coating layer is made of 4.5 parts of polyethylene, 4 parts of polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder；
In the L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer, the mass parts of the nitrogenous fertilizer are 12-20 parts；Specially 16 parts；The nitrogenous fertilizer
Quality in terms of the nitrogen in the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The mass parts of the phosphate fertilizer are 12-20 parts；Specially 16 parts；The quality of the phosphate fertilizer is in terms of phosphorus pentoxide；
The mass parts of the potash fertilizer are 10-18 parts；Specially 14 parts；The quality of the potash fertilizer is in terms of potassium oxide；
The L-type coated release-controlled urea is made of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in the urea granules surface；Institute
Coating layer is stated specifically to be made of polyethylene, polypropylene and talcum powder；
Specifically, the mass parts of the urea granules are 92-93 parts；The mass parts of the polyethylene are 4-5 parts；It is described poly-
The mass parts of propylene are 3-4 parts；The mass parts of the talcum powder are 0.3-0.6 parts.
More specifically, the L-type coated release-controlled urea by 92 parts of urea granules and is wrapped in the coating on urea granules surface
Layer composition；Wherein, the coating layer can be made of 4 parts of polyethylene, 3.5 parts of polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder；
In the S type coated release-controlled urea in the quality of nitrogen and L-type coated release-controlled urea b nitrogen quality sum
Account for the 45-55% of nitrogen gross mass used in the rice field；Specially 50%；
The quality of nitrogen accounts for the 45-55% of nitrogen gross mass used in the rice field in the instant nitrogenousfertilizer；Tool
Body is 50%.
In the S type coated release-controlled urea, the polypropylene is regenerating polypropylene；
In the L-type coated release-controlled urea, the polyethylene is regenerated polythene；The polypropylene is regenerating polypropylene.
The acquisition time of the S type coated release-controlled urea is 120-180 days, specially 150 days；The inhibition phase is 25-30 days.
The acquisition time of the L-type coated release-controlled urea is 50-70 days, specially 60 days；
The instant nitrogenousfertilizer is selected from least one of urea, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
The phosphate fertilizer is selected from least one of calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
The potash fertilizer is selected from least one of potassium nitrate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.
In addition, the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer that aforementioned present invention provides is sleeved on the application in rice cropping, also belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
The present invention also provides a kind of cultural method of rice, include the following steps: in raising rice seedlings, by the rice
S type coated release-controlled urea and rice paddy seed in paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit described in special fertilizer suit carry out contact seedling, wait grow
After rice seedling, band fertilizer is transplanted into crop field, before rice transplanting is ploughed, disposably applies the L-type water in the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit
Rice controlled release special fertilizer, then ploughs or rakes the soil level, soaked field, rice transplanting, breeding time no longer top dressing, and other management measures and routine are consistent,
Harvest.
In the above method, the amount of nitrogen of the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit is the 80% of the amount of nitrogen of habits fertilization；
Specifically, the amount of nitrogen of the S type coated release-controlled urea is 1-3kg/ mus；Specially 2kg/ mus；
The amount of nitrogen of the L-type coated release-controlled urea is 2-4kg/ mus；Specially 3kg/ mus.
The habits fertilization is the habits fertilization method of rice cultivation peasant, specific as follows:
Fine earth after taking rivers and canals silt soil sieving on April 5 or so, 2 kilograms or so of every disk, adjusting acid to pH value is 5-5.5, button modeling
Material shed (improves canopy temperature), and every square meter applies 0.15-0.2 kilograms of Di Dan high phosphorus and sulfur compound fertilizer, mixes with the soil after acid is adjusted.It covers at bottom
The dipped rice seed of soil-machine sowing-earthing-sprinkling irrigation is watered-covers ventilated membrane, gets up first 5 days or so and imposes sulphur ammonium, and dosage is 150 square meters
Chase after 10 kilograms.Crop field: plough before rice transplanting-fertilising-rake the soil level-soaked-transplanting.Base fertilizer turns green and chases after nitrogen, and tiller chases after nitrogen, and tiller fringe chases after
Nitrogen.
The kind of the rice concretely platinum 1, white rice 8 or salt rich 47.
The present invention provides a kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizers being made of S type coated release-controlled urea and the coated release-controlled special fertilizer of L-type
And its fertilizing method.Wherein, using for S type coated release-controlled urea improves the nitrogen utilization efficiency in fertilizer, on the one hand can be with
The overground part growth increment for improving rice seedling improves the overground part dry weight and underground part dry weight of rice shoot, promotes root growth,
Improve the number of taproot and lateral root；On the other hand rice shoot can be made not need to impose the top dressings such as sulphur ammonium in the seedling phase.Remaining nitrogen with
Rice shoot brings crop field into, organically combines with the coated release-controlled special fertilizer of L-type rice, ensures the effective supply of crop field nitrogen, on the one hand can be real
Existing rice seedling is not required to top dressing after a base is applied in field growth period, greatly reduces labour's investment of peasant；On the other hand,
Nitrogen dose at least reduces 20%-40% compared with conventional fertilizer application amount, significantly reduces the amount of nitrogen of rice, solves current rice
The excessively high bring environmental problem of generally existing amount of nitrogen in plantation.Thus, which has in field of rice cultivation
Important application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is nitrogen leaching feature of the S type controlled release control release urea from raising rice seedlings-harvest entire breeding time.
Fig. 2 be L-type coated release-controlled urea that acquisition time is 60 days from rice transplanting to harvest the nitrogen in rice field
Dissolve out feature.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.Institute
State method is conventional method unless otherwise instructed.The raw material can obtain unless otherwise instructed from public commercial source.
The number is mass parts unless otherwise instructed.
Embodiment 1,
The suit of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer used in the embodiment is made of S type coated release-controlled urea and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer；
Wherein, the acquisition time of S type coated release-controlled urea used is 150 days, nitrogen content 42%, and inhibiting the phase is 25 days；It connects
The amount of nitrogen for touching S type coated release-controlled urea used in seedling per acre is 2 kilograms.
The S type coated release-controlled urea is formed by 92 parts of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in urea granules surface；Wherein,
The coating layer is made of 4.5 parts of polyethylene, 4 parts of regenerating polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder；
L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer used is made of 16 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 16 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 14 parts of potash fertilizer；The nitrogenous fertilizer is by L-type
Coated release-controlled urea and instant nitrogenousfertilizer composition；
The acquisition time of L-type coated release-controlled urea is 60 days, nitrogen content 43%；The amount of nitrogen of L-type coated release-controlled urea is 3
Kilogram.
The L-type coated release-controlled urea is formed by 92 parts of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in urea granules surface；It should
Coating layer is made of 4 parts of regenerated polythene, 3.5 parts of regenerating polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder.
Experimental design:
Contact seedling test sets 2 processing, carries out in the same canopy:
1. peasant habit seedling；
2. the 20% coated release-controlled urine of S type for applying nitrogen total amount will be accounted under conditions of nitrogen total amount reduction 20% is applied in crop field per acre
It is plain once apply to add to seedling tray contact seedling with seed in (crop field needs 36-40 seedling-cultivation plate per acre), the rice shoot later period no longer imposes sulphur ammonium；
Specific design see the table below 1.
Wherein, 1. peasant habit seedling is specific as follows:
Fine earth after taking rivers and canals silt soil sieving at the beginning of 4 months, 2 kilograms or so of every disk, adjusting acid to pH value is 5-5.5, fastener canopy
(improving canopy temperature), every square meter applies 0.15-0.2 kilograms of Di Dan high phosphorus and sulfur compound fertilizer, mixes with the soil after acid is adjusted.Bottom earthing-
The dipped rice seed of machine sowing-earthing-sprinkling irrigation is watered-covers ventilated membrane, gets up first 5 days or so and imposes sulphur ammonium, and dosage is that 150 square meters chase after
10 kilograms.
The peasant habit fertilizing method (crop field) of rice: rice transplanting plough before apply base fertilizer (compound fertilizer or compound fertilizer), rake the soil level,
Soaked field ,-transplanting, nitrogen dressing of turning green, tiller nitrogen dressing, tiller fringe nitrogen dressing.
2. the 20% coated release-controlled urine of S type for applying nitrogen total amount will be accounted under conditions of nitrogen total amount reduction 20% is applied in crop field per acre
It is plain once apply to add to seedling tray contact seedling with seed in (crop field needs 36-40 seedling-cultivation plate per acre), the rice shoot later period no longer imposes sulphur ammonium；
Specific as follows: left and right at the beginning of 4 months takes rivers and canals to become silted up the fine earth after soil sieving, 2 kilograms or so of every disk, adjusts the acid to be to pH value
5-5.5, fastener canopy (improve canopy temperature), 0.15-0.2 kilograms of Di Dan high phosphorus and sulfur compound fertilizer of every square metre of application, after adjusting acid
Soil mix, the dipped rice seed of bottom earthing-S type coated release-controlled urea-machine sowing-earthing-sprinkling irrigation is watered-covers ventilated membrane.
Crop field single fertilization method includes the following steps: to contact seedling using S type coated release-controlled urea, grows up to rice
After rice shoot, rice transplanting once applies L-type special controlled release fertilizer for rice-and rakes the soil level-soaked-transplanting before ploughing, other management are practised with peasant
Used fertilising.
It is tested October in April, 2013-in one society farmer Zhao Fengbao of Baicheng City in Jilin Province, vast stretch of wooded country town, the Taobei District village Zhu Jia
Seedling culture shed, contracted field carry out, for examination soil be light loam, for study object be rice: kind: platinum 1, preceding crop is water
Rice, 0-20cm soil organism 24.2g/kg, ammonia nitrogen content 4.41mg/kg, nitrate nitrogen content 5.43mg/kg, available phosphorus
22.6mg/kg, available potassium 183mg/kg, pH 7.8.Rivers and canals become silted up native organic matter 29.1g/kg, ammonium nitrogen content 3.62mg/kg, nitre
State nitrogen content 6.13mg/kg, available phosphorus 19.7mg/kg, available potassium 123mg/kg, pH 7.5.
Test material: machine transplanting of rice seedling plate seedling raising, specification is 580 × 280 × 28 millimeters long, kind: platinum 1.Seedling culture shed one
It is a, 180 square meter of area.
S type control release urea buries bag processing: weighing S each 5g of type coated release-controlled urea, is sewn in the plastics mesh bag of 1mm, altogether
36 bags, positioning heeling-in seedling soil is in the following, insert board mark.It takes 3 bags within every 7 days, takes 21 bags before rice transplanting altogether, be transplanted to after remaining rice transplanting big
Field is embedding, depth 10-20cm, inserts board mark.
Table 1, seedling contact fertilizer applications
Field trial uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, repeats three times, the long 10m in experimental plot, wide 3m, area 30m2, 3 weights
It is multiple, if 3 processing:
1. CK1 (not nitrogen fertilizer application)；
2. (habit seedling, habits fertilization: applying N12.5kg to CK2 per acre, and wherein base applies 3kg/ mus of N, turns green and imposes N
2.5kg/ mus, tillering stage imposes 4.5kg/ mus of N, and the fringe evil phase imposes 2.5kg/ mus of N；)；
3. control N2 (subtracts nitrogen 20%, applies N10kg per acre, contact seedling, wherein 20%S type control nitrogen, 30%L are applied in contact seedling
The fast base of nitrogen of type control nitrogen+50% is applied).
Concrete scheme is shown in Table 2.
Coated release-controlled urea buries bag processing: weighing each 5g of coated release-controlled urea that acquisition time is 60d, is sewn to the modeling of 1mm
Expect in mesh bag, totally 21 bags, each growthdevelopmental stage takes 3 bags, and positioning heeling-in protection is gone in soil, and depth 10-20cm inserts board mark.
Table 2, field trial fertilizer applications
5. sampling and sample measuring method
Contact seedling, which is tested, takes 3 bags of embedding coated release-controlled urea measurement N dissolutions for every 7 days, and three disk rice shoots are taken before rice transplanting, are surveyed
It is colonized strain number amount, single-strain fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, total nitrogen, wherein plant sample is used for the measurement of total nitrogen, takes out
The measurement of family name's method.
Field trial within breeding time in turn green, tiller, Jointing stage, heading, harvest take 3 bags of surveys dissolutions of control release urea.
The full nitrogen in plant sample side, wherein measurement of the plant sample for total nitrogen are taken when harvest, and Kelvin method is taken to measure；Coated release-controlled urea
With the measurement of the nitrogen leaching for the coated release-controlled urea being embedded in field in 25 DEG C of hydrostatic, it is all made of the way of distillation.0- is taken after harvest
20cm, 20-40cm, 40-60cm, 60-80cm, 80-100cm soil sample measure ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen.Content of soil nitrate-N uses
Continuous Flow Analysis (TRAAS-2000/CFA, Germany) measurement.
The good line-spacing of each cell amount, hill spacing, each cell uniformly take 6 cave rice strains, species test investigation records spike number, grain number per spike,
Blighted grain rate, mass of 1000 kernel (measuring when rice seed moisture content 14.5%) claim plant, rice seed fresh weight and dry weight.Each cell take three it is 2 flat
After square rice dries, tester is produced when rice seed moisture content 14.5%.
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is calculated using differential technique, formula are as follows:
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer (%)=(area Shi Dan amount of nitrogen sucking-nitrogen-free area amount of nitrogen sucking)/dose × 100
6. statistical analysis
Data statistic analysis application SPSS17.0 software.
7. test results and analysis
Influence of the 7.1 contact fertilisings to rice shoot
Rice shoot growing way when table 3, rice transplanting
As seen from the above table, S type Controlled Release Fertilizer carries out contact fertilising in nursery and significantly improves the overground part dry weight of rice shoot,
Increase by 31.4% than conventional seedling, rice shoot plant height improves 15%.
7.2 release and release control fertilizers dissolve out feature
Fig. 1 is nitrogen leaching feature of the S type coated release-controlled urea from raising rice seedlings-harvest entire breeding time.It can by Fig. 1
Find out, S type coated release-controlled urea was dissolved out without N substantially at first 20 days, after 20 days to N element dissolution 14.26%, symbol in rice transplanting 15 days
It closes raising rice seedlings and inhales nitrogen rule, to ensure that the nitrogenous fertilizer supply in rice shoot later period, make that rice shoot is healthy and strong, disease-free, root system is white.And
Peasant habit seedling is due to imposing 1-2 sulphur ammonium, such easy infection powdery mildew, root system color depth in 7-10 days later period.
Fig. 2 be L-type coated release-controlled urea that acquisition time is 60 days from rice transplanting to harvest the nitrogen in rice field
Dissolve out feature.As shown in Figure 2, L-type coated release-controlled urea matches in the release rule in field with the suction nitrogen rule of rice, in tiller
Ear period (62 days) N element releases 73%, ensure that the effective supply of rice.
Influence of 7.3 different disposals to rice yield and yield factor
The influence of table 4, different disposal to three factor of rice yield and yield
As seen from Table 4, under conditions of subtracting nitrogen 20%, contact seedling Jia Jishi (controlled release N2) and habits fertilization (CK2)
Than: yield dramatically increases, incrementss 539kg/hm2, volume increase 6.5%；Grain number per spike dramatically increases, and increases by 12；Mass of 1000 kernel is aobvious
It writes and improves, raising amount is 1.2 grams.
Influence of 7.4 different disposals to rice amount of nitrogen sucking, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer
Table 5, different disposal harvest time rice amount of nitrogen sucking and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer
As seen from Table 5, under conditions of subtracting nitrogen 20%, the suction nitrogen total amount for contacting seedling Jia Jishi (controlled release N2) is significantly high
In habits fertilization (CK2) 14.8kg/hm2, 16.9 percentage points of nitrogen utilization efficiency raising.
The Economic and Efficiency Analysis of 7.5 different disposals
The economic benefit of table 6, different disposal
Note: 2800 yuan/ton of rice purchasing price, 2500 yuan/ton of the urea of the 4-7 month 46% in 2013, coated carbamide is average
Price is 4000 yuan/ton, the artificial 450 yuan/km of top dressing2。
As seen from Table 6, under conditions of subtracting nitrogen 20%, seedling Jia Jishi (controlled release N2) is contacted than habits fertilization (CK2)
Net income dramatically increases 1855 yuan/hm2。
8. conclusion and analysis
Under conditions of subtracting nitrogen 20%, S type coated release-controlled urea contacts the (control of seedling Jia Jishi L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer
Release N2) yield can be dramatically increased, nitrogen utilization efficiency is improved, top dressing labour investment is reduced, increases farmers' income.
Embodiment 2
1, exemplary temporal, place, area, material and exemplary scheme
S type Controlled Release Fertilizer rice exemplary arrangement is in one society's farmer's paddy field of Baicheng City in Jilin Province, vast stretch of wooded country town, the Taobei District village Zhu Jia
In ground, 18 days-April 20 April in 2014 raising rice seedlings, the specification of machine transplanting of rice seedling plate seedling raising be it is 580 × 280 × 28 millimeters long,
Seedling area is 1600 square metres, and rice varieties used are platinum 1.
The suit of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer used in the embodiment is made of S type coated release-controlled urea and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer；
Wherein, the acquisition time of S type coated release-controlled urea used is 150 days, nitrogen content 42%；S is used in contact seedling per acre
The amount of nitrogen of type coated release-controlled urea is 2 kilograms.
The S type coated release-controlled urea is formed by 92 parts of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in urea granules surface；Wherein,
The coating layer is made of 4.5 parts of polyethylene, 4 parts of regenerating polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder；
L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer used is made of 16 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 16 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 14 parts of potash fertilizer；Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer
It is made of L-type coated release-controlled urea and instant nitrogenousfertilizer；
The acquisition time of the L-type coated release-controlled urea is 60 days, nitrogen content 43%；L-type coated release-controlled urea applies nitrogen
Amount is 3 kilograms.
The L-type coated release-controlled urea is formed by 92 parts of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in urea granules surface；Its
In, coating layer is made of 4 parts of regenerated polythene, 3.5 parts of regenerating polypropylene and 0.5 part of talcum powder.
Specific processing see the table below 7.
Wherein controlled release N3 processing is that S type control release urea carries out contact seedling, i.e., by S type control release urea and seedling nutrition
It is packed into seedling-cultivation plate after soil blending uniformly, then sows seedling, band fertilizer transplanting when shoot transplanting equipment, other processing are using conventional seedling side
Method.
Habits fertilization is that base applies 260 kg of phosphoric acid diammonium (N:P=18:46) of hectare, 210 kilograms of potassium sulfate (K2O=
50%)；Chase after dressing of turnning green stage (82 kilograms of urea kg/hm 28-30 days May2), 5-7 days June tillering fertilizer (urea 150kg/hm2), June
20-25 days fringe evil fertilizer (urea 74kg/hm2)。
Model field (controlled release N3) is using the contact seedling fertilising of S type Controlled Release Fertilizer, amount of nitrogen 30kg/hm2The coated release-controlled urine of S type
Plain (per hectare needs 540-600 seedling disk seedling), rice transplanting disposable bottom application L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer before raking the soil level (N:P:K=16:
16:14 includes 30%L type control nitrogen) 750kg/hm2, wherein 30% control nitrogen is L-type coated release-controlled urea, acquisition time is 60 days.
Table 7, S type Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer seedling add bottom application rice exemplary scheme
Note: the controlled release nitrogen of controlled release N3 accounts for the 50% of amount of nitrogen, wherein S type (150d) and L-type (60d) controlled release nitrogen difference
The 20% and 30% of the total amount of nitrogen of Zhan；
Concrete operation method: before rice transplanting is ploughed, base fertilizer uniformly being spread fertilizer over the fields ,-bubble field-rice transplanting of then ploughing-rake the soil level, conventional
It is carried out by peasant habit, the transplanting since on May 26th, 2014, rice transplanting on May 29 terminates, and rice transplanting area is 200 mu altogether.10
The moon 1 harvested, and the preceding investigation and sampling of harvest, model field produce the survey production of examination method by Ministry of Agriculture's survey and check and accept.
2, demonstration result and analysis
Rice shoot growing way is investigated when table 8, rice transplanting
It can be seen that by upper table 8, S type coated release-controlled urea carries out contact fertilising in nursery and significantly improves the ground of rice shoot
Portion's dry weight increases by 31.4% than conventional seedling, and rice shoot plant height improves 15%.
Three factor of table 9, model field yield and yield
Table 10, model field yield and economic benefit
Note: 2800 yuan/ton of rice purchasing price, 2500 yuan/ton of the urea of the 4-7 month 46% in 2013, coated carbamide is average
Price is 4000 yuan/ton, the artificial 450 yuan/km of top dressing2。
Demonstration result shows that controlled release N3 (model field) yield increases than habits fertilization under conditions of nitrogen pool reduces 20%
Produce 332kg/km2, increase 3.7%, grain number per spike increases by 8, and mass of 1000 kernel improves 0.4 gram, and net income increases by 1276 yuan/km2。
Claims (10)
1. a kind of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit, including S type coated release-controlled urea and L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer；
The quality of nitrogen accounts for the 10-30% of nitrogen gross mass used in rice field in the S type coated release-controlled urea；
The L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer is made of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer；Wherein, the nitrogenous fertilizer is by L-type coated release-controlled urea
It is formed with instant nitrogenousfertilizer.
2. paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S type coated release-controlled urea, nitrogen member
The quality of element accounts for 20% of nitrogen gross mass used in rice field；
The S type coated release-controlled urea is made of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in the urea granules surface；The packet
Film layer is specifically made of polyethylene, polypropylene and talcum powder；
Specifically, the mass parts of the urea granules are 89-92 parts；The mass parts of the polyethylene are 4.5-5.0 parts；It is described poly-
The mass parts of propylene are 4-4.5 parts；The mass parts of the talcum powder are 0.4-0.6 parts.
3. paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer
In, the mass parts of the nitrogenous fertilizer are 12-20 parts；Specially 16 parts；The quality of the nitrogenous fertilizer is in terms of the nitrogen in the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The mass parts of the phosphate fertilizer are 12-20 parts；Specially 16 parts；The quality of the phosphate fertilizer is in terms of phosphorus pentoxide；
The mass parts of the potash fertilizer are 10-18 parts；Specially 14 parts；The quality of the potash fertilizer is in terms of potassium oxide；
The L-type coated release-controlled urea is made of urea granules with the coating layer for being wrapped in the urea granules surface；The packet
Film layer is specifically made of polyethylene, polypropylene and talcum powder；
Specifically, the mass parts of the urea granules are 92-93 parts；The mass parts of the polyethylene are 4-5 parts；The polypropylene
Mass parts be 3-4 parts；The mass parts of the talcum powder are 0.3-0.6 parts.
4. paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit according to claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the coated release-controlled urine of S type
The quality sum of nitrogen accounts for nitrogen used in the rice field in the quality of middle nitrogen and the L-type coated release-controlled urea
The 45-55% of gross mass；
The quality of nitrogen accounts for the 45-55% of nitrogen gross mass used in the rice field in the instant nitrogenousfertilizer.
5. paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit according to any one of claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: the coated release-controlled urine of S type
In element, the polypropylene is regenerating polypropylene；
In the L-type coated release-controlled urea, the polyethylene is regenerated polythene；The polypropylene is regenerating polypropylene.
6. any paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit in -5 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the coated release-controlled urine of S type
The acquisition time of element is 120-180 days；Specially 150 days；The inhibition phase is 25-30 days.
The acquisition time of the L-type coated release-controlled urea is 50-70 days；Specially 60 days.
7. any paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit in -6 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the instant nitrogenousfertilizer is selected from urine
At least one of element, potassium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
The phosphate fertilizer is selected from least one of calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
The potash fertilizer is selected from least one of potassium nitrate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.
8. any paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is sleeved on the application in rice cropping in claim 1-7.
9. a kind of cultural method of rice, includes the following steps: in raising rice seedlings, by the water any in claim 1-7
S type coated release-controlled urea and rice paddy seed in paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit described in rice special fertilizer suit carry out contact seedling, to
After growing up to rice seedling, band fertilizer is transplanted into crop field, disposable to apply any rice in claim 1-7 before rice transplanting is ploughed
L-type rice controlled release special fertilizer in special fertilizer suit, then ploughs or rakes the soil level, soaked field, rice transplanting, and breeding time no longer top dressing is other
Management measure and conventional consistent, harvest.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized by: the amount of nitrogen of paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer suit is that habit is applied
The 80% of the amount of nitrogen of fertilizer；
Specifically, the amount of nitrogen of the S type coated release-controlled urea is 1-3kg/ mus；Specially 2kg/ mus；
The amount of nitrogen of the L-type coated release-controlled urea is 2-4kg/ mus；Specially 3kg/ mus.
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| CN111333448A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 池州市农业科学研究所 | Special fertilizer for ratoon rice formula and fertilizing method thereof |
| CN118084575A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-05-28 | 北京市农林科学院 | Delayed release type bio-based coated controlled release fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
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