A kind of good quality and high output abridged edition protects excellent wheat cultivating method
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop cultivation methods technical field, and in particular to a kind of good quality and high output abridged edition protects excellent wheat cultivation
Method.
Background technology
Wheat yield, quality are influenceed by conditions such as wheat breed, weather, soil, cropping system, cultural methods.Its
In, weather, soil environment condition belong to natural cause, and controllability is smaller.But, wheat quality, cultural method belong to it is artificial because
Element, Quality Wheat kind is combined with effective cultural method, accomplishes while Quality wheat for specific end-use is planted, to be protected with abridged edition
Excellent cultivation technique, can give full play to the genetic potential of the two, reach the purpose of improving yield of wheat.As modern economized agricultural is passed through
Focus is focused on high yield, environmental protection, economy, time saving and energy saving science by the development of Ji, increasing agriculturist
Planting type, gene and phenotypic growth characteristic according to different type wheat special, research and development are efficient, the cultivation of economy, high yield
Culture method.
However, the rule of thumb fertigation mostly of existing wheat technology, lacks the Cotton seeds and kind of wheat seed
Son sprouts the Rational Application of fertilizer, and the limitation due to soil environment to wheat seed can usually cause seed to sprout and be obstructed, reduces
The problem of wheat yield.
The content of the invention
A kind of good quality and high output abridged edition that the present invention is provided protects excellent wheat cultivating method, and the kind attached bag of science is carried out prior to seeding
Clothing treatment, and seed germination fluid is sprayed, promote seed quick-speed germination, increased wheat yield.
Excellent wheat cultivating method is protected it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of good quality and high output abridged edition, is comprised the following steps:
Step 1, selects drought-enduring winter wheat variety seed, and treatment is coated to seed using coating agent;
The coating agent is made up of the component of following mass percent:The odium stearate of 2-3%, the zanthoxylum powder of 1-2%,
The copper sulphate of 0.3-0.5%, the ammonium molybdate of 0.8-1%, the manganese sulfate of 1-1.5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.5-0.8%, 5-6%
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5-2% methylcellulose, the thickener of 1-2%, 1-2% dyestuffs, balance of distilled water;
Step 2, sowing ploughs deeply cultivated in first 3 days:The soil of wheat planting district is carried out to plough deeply cultivated, wheat growth is applied before turning over
With base fertilizer, ploughed depth is 40-60cm, obtains the soft soil of soil property;
Step 3, sowing is first 1 day, and fertilizer is sprouted to seed is applied in the soft soil of soil property;
The seed sprouts fertilizer by water, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and gibberellin according to 9000~10000:50
~100:30~45:90~150:10~15 mass ratio is mixed;
Step 4, sowing:Mid-October is sowed, and sows the 3-5 days backward growing area soil application organic fertilizers, wherein
The consumption of organic fertilizer is 20-30kg/ mus;
Step 5, field management:Watered in a conventional manner after emerging, applied fertilizer, weeding, the field management of desinsection.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, and in step 1, the zanthoxylum powder is 200 purposes
Zanthoxylum powder.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, and in step 1, the thickener is by xanthans
With Arabic gum according to 1:4 mass ratio is mixed.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, and in step 1, the dyestuff is that concentration is 5g/
The malachite green solution of 100mL.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, in step 2, the wheat growth base fertilizer
It is one or more in phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, in step 3, the seed sprout fertilizer by water,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and gibberellin are according to 10000:75:45:90:15 mass ratio is mixed.
Preferably, above-mentioned good quality and high output abridged edition is protected in excellent wheat cultivating method, and in step 4, the consumption of organic fertilizer is 1kg/
Mu.
Compared with prior art, the good quality and high output abridged edition that the present invention is provided protects excellent wheat cultivating method, with following beneficial
Effect:
(1) method of the present invention is improved mainly for wheat seed sowing early stage cultural method, includes kind of an attached bag
Clothing is processed, ploughs deeply the steps such as cultivated, seed sprouting fertilizer administration, sowing, and the seed pelleting that science is carried out prior to seeding is processed, and prevents kind
Son storage, transport and the new stage infection pest and disease damage that buries;Using cultivated means are ploughed deeply, the hardened soil knot of upper soll layer is destroyed
Structure, meanwhile, the abundant moisture and nutrient that deep soil is carried are used, and reduce later stage rate of fertilizer;Using seed
Fertilizer is sprouted, promotes seed quick-speed germination, it is ensured that selected wheat seed can be sprouted with high efficiency, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, be wheat
Volume increase lay a good foundation, increased wheat yield;
(2) coating agent that the present invention is used, stearic acid sodium, zanthoxylum powder of selection etc. are proved to antibacterial insect resistant effect,
Then auxiliary is subject to the compound of the elements such as copper, ammonium nitrogen, manganese, iron, potassium, for the sprouting of seed provides primary nutrition assurance, while
Avoid using a large amount of chemical insecticides, reduce environmental pollution;
(3) seed is sprouted to breaking ground during growing seedling, if infection pest and disease damage, will directly hinder it to play, in order to avoid
The generation of the problem, the seed that we select sprouts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and the gibberellin chemical combination used in fertilizer
Being used in combination for thing, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and gibberellin, promotes the seed quick-speed germination for burying, while sprout time is shortened,
Acidic materials boric acid, alkaline matter odium stearate serve antibacterial pest-resistant effect.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but should not be construed as limitation of the invention.It is following
The test method of unreceipted actual conditions in embodiment, generally operates according to normal condition, due to not being related to inventive point, thus it is not right
Its step is described in detail.
When embodiment provides number range, it should be appreciated that except non-invention is otherwise noted, two ends of each number range
Any one numerical value can select between point and two end points.Unless otherwise defined, in the present invention all technologies for using and
Scientific terminology is identical with the meaning that those skilled in the art of the present technique are generally understood that.Except the specific method, equipment used in embodiment,
Outside material, grasp and record of the invention according to those skilled in the art to prior art can also be used and this
Any method, equipment and material in the similar or equivalent prior art of method, equipment described in inventive embodiments, material come real
The existing present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of good quality and high output abridged edition that the present invention is provided protects excellent wheat cultivating method, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, selects the short anti-58 winter wheat variety seeds of drought-enduring cold-resistant, and place is coated to seed using coating agent
Reason;
The coating agent is made up of the component of following mass percent:2% odium stearate (sodium stearate), 1% flower
Green pepper powder, 0.3% copper sulphate, 1% ammonium molybdate, 1% manganese sulfate, 0.5% ferrous sulfate, 6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
2% methylcellulose, 1.5% thickener, 1.5% dyestuff, 83.2% distilled water;
The zanthoxylum powder is the zanthoxylum powder of 200 mesh;
The thickener is by xanthans and Arabic gum according to 1:4 mass ratio is mixed;
The dyestuff is the malachite green solution that concentration is 5g/100mL;
Step 2, sowing ploughs deeply cultivated in first 3 days:The soil of wheat planting district is carried out to plough deeply cultivated, wheat growth is applied before turning over
With base fertilizer, ploughed depth is 40cm, obtains the soft soil of soil property;
The wheat growth base fertilizer is one or more in phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, according to soil nutrient elements
Content situation, routinely the wheat growth requirement in fertilising means applied fertilizer, wherein, the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer be commercially available sustained release
Nitrogenous fertilizer, such as be sustained ammonium hydrogen carbonate nitrogenous fertilizer, slow urea nitrogen fertilizers, in the present embodiment from phosphorus pentoxide, potassium chloride and
Commercially available slow urea nitrogen fertilizers, and the amount of application of phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen is respectively 4kg P/ mus, 20kgK/ mus, 17.5kgN/ mus;
Step 3, sowing is first 1 day, and fertilizer is sprouted to seed is applied in the soft soil of soil property, and wherein seed sprouts fertile administration
Measure is 5kg/ mus;
The seed sprouts fertilizer by water, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and gibberellin according to 10000:75:45:
90:15 mass ratio is mixed;
Step 4, sowing:October 10 was sowed, and the 5th day backward growing area soil application organic fertilizer was sowed, wherein having
The consumption of machine fertilizer is 30kg/ mus;Postponing Winter Wheat Planted can reduce the water consumption in winter wheat growth seedling stage, it is to avoid pour jelly
Water, reaches the purpose of water saving, while promoting wheat fast-growth using the abundant element contained in biogas slurry, sowing is postponed to make up
The slow problem of wheat growth brought;
Step 5, field management:Watered in a conventional manner after emerging, applied fertilizer, weeding, the field management of desinsection.
Embodiment 2
A kind of good quality and high output abridged edition that the present invention is provided protects excellent wheat cultivating method, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, selects the short anti-58 winter wheat variety seeds of drought-enduring cold-resistant, and place is coated to seed using coating agent
Reason;
The coating agent is made up of the component of following mass percent:3% odium stearate, 2% zanthoxylum powder, 0.4%
Copper sulphate, 0.9% ammonium molybdate, 1.5% manganese sulfate, 0.8% ferrous sulfate, 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5% first
Base cellulose, 1% thickener, 1% dyestuff, balance of distilled water;
The zanthoxylum powder is the zanthoxylum powder of 200 mesh;
The thickener is by xanthans and Arabic gum according to 1:4 mass ratio is mixed;
The dyestuff is the malachite green solution that concentration is 5g/100mL;
Step 2, sowing ploughs deeply cultivated in first 3 days:The soil of wheat planting district is carried out to plough deeply cultivated, wheat is applied while turning over
Growth base fertilizer, ploughed depth is 60cm, obtains the soft soil of soil property;
The administration species and amount of application of growth base fertilizer are with embodiment 1 in the present embodiment;
Step 3, sowing is first 1 day, and fertilizer is sprouted to seed is applied in the soft soil of soil property, and wherein seed sprouts fertile administration
Measure is 5kg/ mus;
The seed sprouts fertilizer by water, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and gibberellin according to 9000:100:40:
150:10 mass ratio is mixed;
Step 4, sowing:Mid-October is sowed, and the 3rd day backward growing area soil application organic fertilizer is sowed, wherein having
The consumption of machine fertilizer is 20kg/ mus;
Step 5, field management:Watered in a conventional manner after emerging, applied fertilizer, weeding, the field management of desinsection.
Embodiment 3
A kind of good quality and high output abridged edition that the present invention is provided protects excellent wheat cultivating method, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1, selects the short anti-58 winter wheat variety seeds of drought-enduring cold-resistant, and place is coated to seed using coating agent
Reason;
The coating agent is made up of the component of following mass percent:2.5% odium stearate, 1.5% zanthoxylum powder,
0.5% copper sulphate, 0.8% ammonium molybdate, 1.2% manganese sulfate, 0.65% ferrous sulfate, 5.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
1.8% methylcellulose, 1% thickener, 1% dyestuff, balance of distilled water;
The zanthoxylum powder is the zanthoxylum powder of 200 mesh;
The thickener is by xanthans and Arabic gum according to 1:4 mass ratio is mixed;
The dyestuff is the malachite green solution that concentration is 5g/100mL;
Step 2, ploughs deeply cultivated:The soil of wheat planting district is carried out to plough deeply cultivated, using wheat growth bottom while turning over
Fertilizer, ploughed depth is 50cm, obtains the soft soil of soil property;
The administration species and amount of application of growth base fertilizer are with embodiment 1 in the present embodiment;
Step 3, sows the previous day, and fertilizer is sprouted to seed is applied in the soft soil of soil property, and wherein seed sprouts applying for fertilizer
Consumption is 5kg/ mus;
The seed sprouts fertilizer by water, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boric acid, odium stearate and gibberellin according to 9500:120:30:
120:12 mass ratio is mixed;
Step 4, sowing:October 15 was sowed, and the 4th day backward growing area soil application organic fertilizer was sowed, wherein having
The consumption of machine fertilizer is 25kg/ mus;
Step 5, field management:Watered in a conventional manner after emerging, applied fertilizer, weeding, the field management of desinsection.
It should be noted that in above-described embodiment, the organic fertilizer is, with animal wastes, agricultural crop straw as raw material, to press
The organic fertilizer that the compost fermentation method of more solito is prepared from;The organic fertilizer can also directly use pig, chicken, ox, sheep etc. to move
Thing excrement.
It should be noted that in above-described embodiment, the preparation method of the coating agent is specific as follows:
Step a, each component is weighed according to the component of following mass percent:The odium stearate of 2-3%, the Chinese prickly ash of 1-2%
Powder, the copper sulphate of 0.3-0.5%, the ammonium molybdate of 0.8-1%, the manganese sulfate of 1-1.5%, the ferrous sulfate of 0.5-0.8%, 5-
6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5-2% methylcellulose, the thickener of 1-2%, 1-2% dyestuffs, balance of distilled water;
Step b, the distilled water that step a is weighed is incubated to 35-45 DEG C, is subsequently adding odium stearate, sulphur that step a is weighed
Sour copper, ammonium molybdate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dyestuff, stir and evenly mix, and are that each material fully dissolves, and then add
Enter the zanthoxylum powder and thickener for weighing, stir, be finally cooled to room temperature, obtain coating agent.
When above-mentioned coating agent is used, by wheat seed and coating agent according to 1:50 mass ratio is fully mixed, and stirs 15-
20min, then falls unnecessary coating agent with filtered through gauze, wheat seed is dried naturally, and keep in dark place.
The winter wheat implantation methods to embodiment 1-3 are experimental group respectively, are control with habitual winter wheat implantation methods
Group, wherein the implantation methods of habitual winter wheat do not carry out seed pelleting treatment, the shallow tillage of use before wheat cultivation
(20-30cm), seed is not applied and sprouts fertilizer before sowing.After wheat seed is emerged, control group and experimental group use routine side
Formula is watered, is applied fertilizer, weeding, the field management of desinsection.
When harvesting wheat, as a result the yield of statistical experiment group and control group show, the winter wheat per mu yield of embodiment 1-3
Amount is respectively 553.2kg, 560.9.2kg, 542.1kg, and the wheat per mu yield of control group is 472.6kg;It is real compared with control group
The wheat per mu yield for testing group at least increased 70kg, and the abridged edition for realizing wheat protects excellent high-yield culturing.
In addition, in order to verify the coating agent for seed and seed sprouting fertilizer promotion wheat seeds sprouting that are used in embodiment 1-3
With pest-resistant effect, pest-resistant experiment is sprouted We conducted simulation, devise experimental group and control group, wherein, experimental group is selected
100 wheat seeds of health, are placed in the coating agent of 100g embodiments 1, fully mix, and take out all seeds, all plantation
In soil, wherein the seed for applying embodiment 1 before plantation in every 100g soil sprouts fertilizer 5g, most whole system is placed in 20 at last
Cultivated at DEG C, record the germination rate of seed;
Control group is all planted in soil from 100 wheat seeds of health of same kind, most whole body at last
System cultivates at being placed in 20 DEG C, records the germination rate of seed;
Result shows that the germination rate of experimental group seed is 98%, and no disease and pests harm phenomenon;The germination rate of control group seed is
88%, there is 4% seed decay;Above-mentioned data explanation, coating agent of the invention and seed sprout fertilizer can effectively improve wheat
Seed germination rate and disease and insect resistance effect.
, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification without deviating from essence of the invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications of the invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.