CN107980492A - A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107980492A CN107980492A CN201711215942.1A CN201711215942A CN107980492A CN 107980492 A CN107980492 A CN 107980492A CN 201711215942 A CN201711215942 A CN 201711215942A CN 107980492 A CN107980492 A CN 107980492A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/30—Derivatives containing the group >N—CO—N aryl or >N—CS—N—aryl
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method.The method of the present invention includes：Sweet wormwood nursery, site preparation transplanting, field management and harvesting four-stage, wherein in field management, the habit grown according to sweet wormwood, top dressing has been carried out in three times, sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer, efficient compound fertilizer and high potassium compound fertilizer is respectively adopted and carries out top dressing, the income of sweet wormwood plantation is improved, sweet wormwood per mu yield has reached about 249kg, and artemislnin content has reached 1.27%.The sweet wormwood implantation methods of the present invention, have the advantages that field management is easy, is adapted to large-scale planting, the sweet wormwood of plantation also has higher quality.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method.
【Background technology】
Sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) is composite family artemisia, annual or more year raw herbaceous plant, bitter, pungent, property
It is cold, have clearing heat and detoxicating, except lice, the effect of preventing malaria, generate heat for summer-heat evil, fever due to yin deficiency, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, malaria fever and chills etc., in being
One of traditional anti-malaria medicaments of doctor.Wherein, the principle active component of sweet wormwood is qinghaosu, and the past mainly picks wild sweet wormwood and supplies medicine
With.
Based on the higher medical value of sweet wormwood, market is huge for the demand of qinghaosu, at present using field planting
Sweet wormwood, its yield has reached 200-230 kilograms, but due to lacking rational field management method, fertilising is unreasonable, causes green grass or young crops
For artemisin content more in 0.06-0.1%, medical value is relatively low, can not meet the demand in growing qinghaosu market.It is Chinese special
Sharp publication number CN 101011007 and China Patent Publication No. CN 104322227, disclose a kind of cultural method of sweet wormwood,
The processing method of topping is employed in sweet wormwood growth animated period, to promote the growth of side shoot, while top dressing is more using common compound
Fertilizer and farm manure, cause the undue growth of sweet wormwood, and artemislnin content reduces.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For existing sweet wormwood cultivation technique field management imperfection, cause sweet wormwood excessive
A kind of the problem of growth, artemislnin content is relatively low, there is provided sweet wormwood cultural method for improving sweet wormwood plantation yield and artemislnin content.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.15- to turn over to soils particles size percent content
0.2cm3, railway carriage or compartment is then played, the wide 1.3-1.5m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 18-25cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 100-120g/m2Efficiently
After composite fertilizer's standard takes efficient compound fertilizer to be melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 10-15cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Take sweet wormwood
Seed is mixed and stirred for uniformly with fine deposit, and railway carriage or compartment face 14-17m is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting stood
That is spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film, holding agriculture temperature in the shed is 15-20 DEG C, humidity 60-80%, treats that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 7-
10cm can be transplanted；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected as sweet wormwood planting site, 25-35 days before transplanting, carries out weeding processing, then into
Row turns over ridging, ridge face width 0.5-0.9m, the high 0.25-0.35m in ridge, the wide 0.2-0.4m of furrow, by 150-200kg per acre during site preparation
Apply sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 5-10cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then with take root starch into
Row slurry root, then according to planting depth 3-5cm, 700-1100 plants/acre of transplanting of planting density is to plantation alley face, and it is fixed to water
Plant；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 3-5cm is dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval, the dressing furrow of depth 10-12cm,
After top dressing earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 7-10 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 70-110kg per acre；
After transplanting 38-42 days, second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 18-22kg per acre；After transplanting 70-80 days, the 3rd is carried out
Secondary top dressing, chases after high potassium compound fertilizer 48-52kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 26-30 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, eugonic sweet wormwood is carried out complete
Strain harvesting.
Further, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is 8-
12cm, is then burned, and is puddled hay ash uniformly with soil after burning, to obtain the final product.
Further, by weight, the ratio of the seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：4000-5000.
Further, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：800-1000 parts of sweet wormwood slag, fowl and animal excrement 300-
350 parts, 200-250 parts of sugar residue, 1-1.5 parts of sodium chloride, 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate 3-5
Part, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 3-7 parts of L-cysteine, 2-5 parts of D-sorbite, 40-50 parts of urea, calcium lime powder
15-20 parts, 10-15 parts of yeast extract, 2-5 parts of cellulase, 2-3 parts of fermenting agent；Wherein, the fermenting agent is main
Component is bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete, domestomycetes, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.
Further, the preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, sodium chloride, half Guang ammonia of L-
Acid, cellulase are added in round as enzymolysis substrate, are subsequently added into suitable quantity of water and are flooded the enzymolysis substrate just, and adjust
Section pH value is 5.5-6.5, and it is 37-42 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 4-6 days；Poultry is added then to fermentation substrate
Excrement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast extraction
Thing, fermenting agent, stir, and obtain fermentation materials, and fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, pile height for 80-120cm,
Width is a pile of 2.5-3.5m, carries out material fermentation；After material fermentation 2-4 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 45-55 DEG C, into
Turning of row is handled；3-5 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 63-69 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, afterwards
It is completely decomposed to fermentation materials that turning is carried out daily, is finally spread drying heat dissipation out, is obtained sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 20-25 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 0.5-1 parts of fulvic acid, 0.5-1 parts of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium
0.08-0.12 parts, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the present invention carries out the plantation of sweet wormwood with seeds of southernwood, by rational nursery, then transplanted after soaking root with slurry of taking root
Enter in sweet wormwood planting site, the later stage in the form of dressing furrow, carries out top dressing in three times, chases after sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer, increase kind for the first time
The fertility on ground is planted, sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer fertility is discharged slow, it is ensured that nutrient demand of the sweet wormwood in early growth period；Chase after for the second time
Efficient compound fertilizer, second of top dressing are that sweet wormwood grows most rapid period, and efficient compound fertilizer is mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, meets sweet wormwood
The nutrient demand in period is mushroomed out, promotes the division and growth of cell；Third time chases after high potassium compound fertilizer, reduces the use of phosphate fertilizer
Amount, increases the ratio of potash fertilizer, because the main medicinal part of sweet wormwood is leaf, and to be harvested before the florescence, the master of phosphate fertilizer
It is to promote the reproductive maturity of plant to want one of function, such as Accelerate bloom, promotion full seed, raising fruit-setting rate etc., and potash fertilizer
Major function to promote the activation of enzyme in plant, and during third time top dressing, sweet wormwood plant has more been up to, the master of top dressing
Syllabus is a variety of enzymes activated in sweet wormwood, promotes the synthesis of qinghaosu, to improve artemislnin content.The present invention is according to sweet wormwood
Different stages of growth, the growth characteristics based on different phase, employ different fertilizer and carry out top dressing, are ensureing sweet wormwood yield
Meanwhile also improve artemislnin content.The present invention unlike the prior art, is not carried out at topping in sweet wormwood growth animated period
Reason, is obtained through test result analysis, can be improved the yield of sweet wormwood really using topping treatment, but artemislnin content has significantly
Reduction, comprehensive income is not less than the sweet wormwood implantation methods for not using topping.The sweet wormwood cultivated using the method for the present invention, per mu yield
About 249.3kg is reached, the artemislnin content of sweet wormwood cured leaf has reached about 1.27%, compared to existing sweet wormwood cultural method, per mu yield
Amount improves l1.3%, and artemislnin content improves 41.7%.
2. the present invention employs sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer as fertilizer, takes full advantage of sweet wormwood during prepared by sweet wormwood
The sweet wormwood slag of element extraction production line remnants, is prepared by fermenting twice, solves the problems, such as that sweet wormwood Slag treatment is difficult, sweet wormwood
Residue organic fertilizer is also highly suitable for use in sweet wormwood plantation, by 500-1000 yuan/ton of price of decomposed manure, significantly reduces sweet wormwood kind
The cost of plant.
【Embodiment】
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.15cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.3m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 18cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 100g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer standard takes high efficiency composition
After fertilizer is melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 10cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for fine deposit
It is even, sow railway carriage or compartment face 14m according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep agriculture
Temperature in the shed is 15 DEG C, humidity 60%, and treating that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 7cm can be transplanted；Wherein, by weight, it is described
The ratio of seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：4000；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 25 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then carry out
Turn over ridging, ridge face width 0.5m, the high 0.25m in ridge, the wide 0.2m of furrow, applies sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer during site preparation by 150kg per acre；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 5cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then starched with slurry of taking root
Root, then according to planting depth 3cm, 700 plants/acre of transplantings of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 3cm, the dressing furrow of depth 10cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 7 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 70kg per acre；After transplanting 38 days,
Second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 18kg per acre；After transplanting 70 days, third time top dressing is carried out, chases after high potassium compound fertilizer
48kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 26 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood
Harvesting.
In the present embodiment, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is 8cm,
Then burned, puddled hay ash uniformly, with soil after burning to obtain the final product.
In the present embodiment, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：800 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 300 parts of fowl and animal excrement,
200 parts of sugar residue, 1 part of sodium chloride, 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate,
3 parts of L-cysteine, 2 parts of D-sorbite, 40 parts of urea, 15 parts of calcium lime powder, 10 parts of yeast extract, 2 parts of cellulase, hair
2 parts of yeast-like fungi agent；Wherein, the main component of the fermenting agent for bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete, domestomycetes,
Head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.The preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, sodium chloride, L-
Cysteine, cellulase are added in round as enzymolysis substrate, are subsequently added into suitable quantity of water and are flooded the enzymolysis bottom just
Thing, and it is 5.5 to adjust pH value, it is 37 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 6 days；Manure of livestock and poultry is added then to fermentation substrate
Just, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast extraction
Thing, fermenting agent, stir, and obtain fermentation materials, and fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, pile height as 80cm, width
For a pile of 2.5m, material fermentation is carried out；After material fermentation 2 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 45 DEG C, carries out at a turning
Reason；3 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 63 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, carries out turning daily afterwards to fermentation
Material is completely decomposed, finally spreads drying heat dissipation out, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 20 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 0.5 part of fulvic acid, 0.5 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.08
Part, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.16cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.3m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 20cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 105g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer standard takes high efficiency composition
After fertilizer is melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 11cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for fine deposit
It is even, sow railway carriage or compartment face 15m according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep agriculture
Temperature in the shed is 16 DEG C, humidity 65%, and treating that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 8cm can be transplanted；Wherein, by weight, it is described
The ratio of seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：4300；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 28 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then carry out
Turn over ridging, ridge face width 0.6m, the high 0.28m in ridge, the wide 0.25m of furrow, applies sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer during site preparation by 160kg per acre；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 6cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then starched with slurry of taking root
Root, then according to planting depth 4cm, 850 plants/acre of transplantings of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 4cm, the dressing furrow of depth 11cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 8 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 80kg per acre；After transplanting 39 days,
Second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 19kg per acre；After transplanting 73 days, third time top dressing is carried out, chases after high potassium compound fertilizer
49kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 27 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood
Harvesting.
In the present embodiment, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is 9cm,
Then burned, puddled hay ash uniformly, with soil after burning to obtain the final product.
In the present embodiment, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：850 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 310 parts of fowl and animal excrement,
210 parts of sugar residue, 1.1 parts of sodium chloride, 2.3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 22 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate
3 parts, 4 parts of L-cysteine, 3 parts of D-sorbite, 42 parts of urea, 16 parts of calcium lime powder, 12 parts of yeast extract, cellulase 3
Part, 2.3 parts of fermenting agent；Wherein, the main component of the fermenting agent for bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete,
Domestomycetes, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.The preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, chlorine
Change sodium, L-cysteine, cellulase to add in round as enzymolysis substrate, be subsequently added into suitable quantity of water flood just it is described
Substrate is digested, and it is 5.7 to adjust pH value, it is 38 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 5 days；Added then to fermentation substrate
Fowl and animal excrement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast
Extract, fermenting agent, stir, and obtain fermentation materials, and fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, pile height for 90cm,
Width is a pile of 2.7m, carries out material fermentation；After material fermentation 2 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 47 DEG C, carries out a turning
Processing；3 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 64 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, carries out turning daily afterwards to hair
Ferment material is completely decomposed, finally spreads drying heat dissipation out, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 22 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 0.6 part of fulvic acid, 0.7 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.09
Part, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.18cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.4m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 22cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 110g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer standard takes high efficiency composition
After fertilizer is melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 13cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for fine deposit
It is even, sow railway carriage or compartment face 15m according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep agriculture
Temperature in the shed is 18 DEG C, humidity 70%, and treating that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 9cm can be transplanted；Wherein, by weight, it is described
The ratio of seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：4500；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 30 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then carry out
Turn over ridging, ridge face width 0.7m, the high 0.3m in ridge, the wide 0.3m of furrow, applies sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer during site preparation by 180kg per acre；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 8cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then starched with slurry of taking root
Root, then according to planting depth 4cm, 950 plants/acre of transplantings of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 4cm, the dressing furrow of depth 11cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 9 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 90kg per acre；After transplanting 40 days,
Second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 20kg per acre；After transplanting 75 days, third time top dressing is carried out, chases after high potassium compound fertilizer
50kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 28 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood
Harvesting.
In the present embodiment, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is
10cm, is then burned, and is puddled hay ash uniformly with soil after burning, to obtain the final product.
In the present embodiment, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：900 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 330 parts of fowl and animal excrement,
230 parts of sugar residue, 1.3 parts of sodium chloride, 2.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 23 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate
4 parts, 5 parts of L-cysteine, 4 parts of D-sorbite, 45 parts of urea, 18 parts of calcium lime powder, 13 parts of yeast extract, cellulase 4
Part, 2.5 parts of fermenting agent；Wherein, the main component of the fermenting agent for bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete,
Domestomycetes, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.The preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, chlorine
Change sodium, L-cysteine, cellulase to add in round as enzymolysis substrate, be subsequently added into suitable quantity of water flood just it is described
Substrate is digested, and it is 6 to adjust pH value, it is 40 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 5 days；Fowl is added then to fermentation substrate
Animal manure is just, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast carry
Thing, fermenting agent are taken, is stirred, obtains fermentation materials, fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, piles height as 100cm, width
The pile for 3m is spent, carries out material fermentation；After material fermentation days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 50 DEG C, carries out at a turning
Reason；4 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 66 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, carries out turning daily afterwards to fermentation
Material is completely decomposed, finally spreads drying heat dissipation out, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 23 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 0.7 part of fulvic acid, 0.7 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.1
Part, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.19cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.4m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 23cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 115g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer standard takes high efficiency composition
After fertilizer is melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 14cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for fine deposit
It is even, sow railway carriage or compartment face 16m according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep agriculture
Temperature in the shed is 19 DEG C, humidity 75%, and treating that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 9cm can be transplanted；Wherein, by weight, it is described
The ratio of seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：4800；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 33 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then carry out
Turn over ridging, ridge face width 0.8m, the high 0.33m in ridge, the wide 0.4m of furrow, applies sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer during site preparation by 190kg per acre；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 9cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then starched with slurry of taking root
Root, then according to planting depth 5cm, 1050 plants/acre of transplantings of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 5cm, the dressing furrow of depth 11cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 9 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 100kg per acre；Transplanting 41 days
Afterwards, second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 21kg per acre；After transplanting 78 days, third time top dressing is carried out, it is compound to chase after high potassium
Fertile 51kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 29 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood
Harvesting.
In the present embodiment, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is
11cm, is then burned, and is puddled hay ash uniformly with soil after burning, to obtain the final product.
In the present embodiment, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：950 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 340 parts of fowl and animal excrement,
240 parts of sugar residue, 1.4 parts of sodium chloride, 2.8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 224 parts of potassium chloride, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, molybdic acid
4 parts of ammonium, 6 parts of L-cysteine, 4 parts of D-sorbite, 48 parts of urea, 18 parts of calcium lime powder, 14 parts of yeast extract, cellulase
4 parts, 3 parts of fermenting agent；Wherein, the main component of the fermenting agent is bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete, wood
Rotten bacterium, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.The preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, chlorination
Sodium, L-cysteine, cellulase are added in round as enzymolysis substrate, are subsequently added into suitable quantity of water and are flooded the enzyme just
Substrate is solved, and it is 6.2 to adjust pH value, it is 41 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 5 days；Fowl is added then to fermentation substrate
Animal manure is just, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast carry
Thing, fermenting agent are taken, is stirred, obtains fermentation materials, fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, piles height as 110cm, width
The pile for 3.2m is spent, carries out material fermentation；After material fermentation 3 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 53 DEG C, carries out at a turning
Reason；5 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 67 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, carries out turning daily afterwards to fermentation
Material is completely decomposed, finally spreads drying heat dissipation out, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 24 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 0.8 part of fulvic acid, 0.9 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.11
Part, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
Embodiment 5
A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.2cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.5m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 25cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 120g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer standard takes high efficiency composition
After fertilizer is melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 15cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for fine deposit
It is even, sow railway carriage or compartment face 17m according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep agriculture
Temperature in the shed is 20 DEG C, humidity 80%, and treating that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 10cm can be transplanted；Wherein, by weight, it is described
The ratio of seeds of southernwood and fine deposit is 1：5000；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 35 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then carry out
Turn over ridging, ridge face width 0.9m, the high 0.35m in ridge, the wide 0.4m of furrow, applies sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer during site preparation by 200kg per acre；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 10cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then carried out with slurry of taking root
Root is starched, then according to planting depth 5cm, 1100 plants/acre of transplantings of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 5cm, the dressing furrow of depth 12cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 10 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 110kg per acre；Transplanting 42 days
Afterwards, second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 22kg per acre；After transplanting 80 days, third time top dressing is carried out, it is compound to chase after high potassium
Fertile 52kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 30 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood
Harvesting.
In the present embodiment, the method for the application plant ash is：Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is
12cm, is then burned, and is puddled hay ash uniformly with soil after burning, to obtain the final product.
In the present embodiment, the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：1000 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 350 parts of fowl and animal excrement,
250 parts of sugar residue, 1.5 parts of sodium chloride, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate 5
Part, 7 parts of L-cysteine, 5 parts of D-sorbite, 50 parts of urea, 20 parts of calcium lime powder, 15 parts of yeast extract, cellulase 5
Part, 3 parts of fermenting agent；Wherein, the main component of the fermenting agent is bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete, wood
Rotten bacterium, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.The preparation method of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, chlorination
Sodium, L-cysteine, cellulase are added in round as enzymolysis substrate, are subsequently added into suitable quantity of water and are flooded the enzyme just
Substrate is solved, and it is 6.5 to adjust pH value, it is 42 DEG C to keep temperature in round, is digested 6 days；Fowl is added then to fermentation substrate
Animal manure is just, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast carry
Thing, fermenting agent are taken, is stirred, obtains fermentation materials, fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, piles height as 120cm, width
The pile for 3.5m is spent, carries out material fermentation；After material fermentation 4 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out at a turning
Reason；5 days after turning, fermentation materials temperature reaches 69 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, carries out turning daily afterwards to fermentation
Material is completely decomposed, finally spreads drying heat dissipation out, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is as follows：By weight, take 25 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, then add
Enter 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add 1 part of fulvic acid, 1 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, 0.12 part of butyric acid potassium, mix
Close uniformly, obtain slurry of taking root.
Embodiment 6
Sweet wormwood plantation is carried out with reference to the method for 104322227 embodiments 2 of China Patent Publication No. CN.
Embodiment 7
Sweet wormwood plantation is carried out according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention 3, difference lies in pinch in sweet wormwood growth animated period
Processing, remaining step are identical.
Embodiment 8
Planting experiment place：In the sweet wormwood plantation of our company (Guangxi Xiancaotang Pharmacy Co., Ltd.), press
100m2Division 7 pieces of experimental cultivations, are the distance between with experimental cultivation 15m experimental cultivation.
Planting experiment method：5 pieces in 7 pieces of experimental cultivation ground, carried out according to the sweet wormwood cultural method in embodiment 1-5 blue or green
Wormwood artemisia is planted, and is respectively labeled as sample 1-5；1 piece of experimental cultivation according to the cultural method in embodiment 6, carry out sweet wormwood plantation, mark
It is denoted as contrast sample 1；Remaining 1 piece of experimental cultivation according to the cultural method in embodiment 7, carry out sweet wormwood plantation, labeled as pair
Than sample 2.After sweet wormwood harvesting, the harvest yield of sweet wormwood is counted, and be scaled per mu yield；Artemisia leaf is dried using the method dried in the shade,
Reference literature:Li Chunli etc., content [J] the Medical University Of Chongqing journal of determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry qinghaosu, 2007,
(04):The assay method of qinghaosu in 413-415, carries out the measure of artemislnin content；Measurement result is shown in Table 1.
1 sweet wormwood yield of table and artemislnin content measurement result
As it can be seen from table 1 the sweet wormwood planted using the method for the present invention, the contrast sample of its per mu yield compared with prior art
1, improve, per mu yield has been up to 249.3kg/ mus, and sweet wormwood per mu yield improves about 11%.The method of the present invention kind
The sweet wormwood of plant, its artemislnin content have reached 1.27%, contrast sample 1 compared with prior art, and qinghaosu contains with notable
Raising.Contrast sample 2 is employs the sweet wormwood that topping treatment is planted, its sweet wormwood output increased about 7%, but sweet wormwood
Cellulose content has obvious reduction, by COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING, using the sweet wormwood after topping treatment, income and not less than the method for the present invention.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, equal change or the modification change completed under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, should all belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) sweet wormwood nursery：Nonirrigated farmland or semiarid land are selected as nursery, it is 0.15-0.2cm to turn over to soils particles size percent content3, connect
Railway carriage or compartment, the wide 1.3-1.5m in railway carriage or compartment, the high 18-25cm in railway carriage or compartment, in railway carriage or compartment applies plant ash；According to 100-120g/m2Efficient compound fertilizer mark
After standard takes efficient compound fertilizer to be melted into water, pour drenched at depth of soil 10-15cm on the railway carriage or compartment face, making；Take seeds of southernwood with it is thin
Silt is mixed and stirred for uniformly, and railway carriage or compartment face 14-17m is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2Sowed, after planting sprayed immediately clear
Water, and ledge agricultural film, holding agriculture temperature in the shed is 15-20 DEG C, humidity 60-80%, treats that sweet wormwood seedling is grown to 7-10cm
Transplanted；
(2) site preparation is transplanted：
A. site preparation：Smooth soil is selected 25-35 days before transplanting, to carry out weeding processing as sweet wormwood planting site, then turned over
Ridging is ploughed, ridge face width 0.5-0.9m, the high 0.25-0.35m in ridge, the wide 0.2-0.4m of furrow, applies green grass or young crops during site preparation by 150-200kg per acre
Wormwood artemisia residue organic fertilizer；
B. transplant：Water to depth of soil 5-10cm to drench to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again, then starched with slurry of taking root
Root, then according to planting depth 3-5cm, 700-1100 plants/acre of transplanting of planting density to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering；
(3) field management：During each top dressing, wide 3-5cm, the dressing furrow of depth 10-12cm, top dressing are dug out at sweet wormwood plantation interval
Afterwards earthing to ridge face height；Transplanting carries out first time top dressing after 7-10 days, and sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer is chased after by 70-110kg per acre；Transplanting
After 38-42 days, second of top dressing is carried out, efficient compound fertilizer is chased after by 18-22kg per acre；After transplanting 70-80 days, carry out third time and chase after
Fertilizer, chases after high potassium compound fertilizer 48-52kg；For the pest and disease damage during sweet wormwood, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out using conventional method；
(4) harvest：The fair weather of 26-30 DEG C of temperature is selected, before the sweet wormwood florescence, complete stool is carried out to eugonic sweet wormwood and is adopted
Receive.
A kind of 2. sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described apply plant ash method be：
Straw is first taken to spread to the face of railway carriage or compartment, the thickness of lay is 8-12cm, is then burned, and mixes hay ash with soil after burning
Mix uniformly, to obtain the final product.
A kind of 3. sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by weight, the seeds of southernwood
Ratio with fine deposit is 1：4000-5000.
4. a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by weight, the sweet wormwood slag has
Machine fertilizer is prepared by following raw material：800-1000 parts of sweet wormwood slag, 300-350 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 200-250 parts of sugar residue, sodium chloride 1-
1.5 parts, 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20-25 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, L-
3-7 parts of cysteine, 2-5 parts of D-sorbite, 40-50 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of calcium lime powder, 10-15 parts of yeast extract, fibre
Plain 2-5 parts of the enzyme of dimension, 2-3 parts of fermenting agent.
5. a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the main component of the fermenting agent is
Bacillus, Bacillus natto, actinomyces, saccharomycete, domestomycetes, head mold, aspergillus niger, citric acid bacillus.
A kind of 6. sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the preparation side of the sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer
Method is as follows：Take sweet wormwood slag, sugar residue, sodium chloride, L-cysteine, cellulase to add in round as enzymolysis substrate, connect
Addition suitable quantity of water and flood the enzymolysis substrate just, and it is 5.5-6.5 to adjust pH value, it is 37- to keep temperature in round
42 DEG C, digest 4-6 days；Then to fermentation substrate add fowl and animal excrement, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate, magnesium sulfate,
Ammonium molybdate, D-sorbite, urea, calcium lime powder, yeast extract, fermenting agent, stir, and obtain fermentation materials,
Fermentation materials are carried out to build heap, pile height be 80-120cm, the pile that width is 2.5-3.5m, progress material fermentation；Material
After fermentation 2-4 days, fermentation materials temperature reaches 45-55 DEG C, carries out turning processing；3-5 days after turning, fermentation materials
Temperature reaches 63-69 DEG C, carries out secondary turning processing, and progress turning daily is completely decomposed to fermentation materials afterwards, finally spreads out
Drying heat dissipation, obtains sweet wormwood residue organic fertilizer.
7. a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the slurry of taking root is such as
Under：By weight, take 20-25 parts of yellow mud to smash to pieces, be subsequently added into 1000 parts of clear water, stir evenly, then add fulvic acid
0.5-1 parts, 0.5-1 parts of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, 0.08-0.12 parts of butyric acid potassium, be uniformly mixed, obtain slurry of taking root.
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| CN108934838A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 贵州省思南县林海生态农牧专业合作社 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood |
| CN109328915A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A method of it is cultivated suitable for North Plain Region sweet wormwood |
| CN110199788A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-06 | 湖南威嘉生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
| CN111386982A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-10 | 天马（安徽）国药科技股份有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method of sweet wormwood |
| CN111909709A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-10 | 湖北理工学院 | Soil conditioner special for artemisia field and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110199788A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-06 | 湖南威嘉生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
| CN111386982A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-10 | 天马（安徽）国药科技股份有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method of sweet wormwood |
| CN111909709A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-11-10 | 湖北理工学院 | Soil conditioner special for artemisia field and preparation method and application thereof |
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