CN108934838A - A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood - Google Patents

A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108934838A
CN108934838A CN201810837819.1A CN201810837819A CN108934838A CN 108934838 A CN108934838 A CN 108934838A CN 201810837819 A CN201810837819 A CN 201810837819A CN 108934838 A CN108934838 A CN 108934838A
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China
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parts
sweet wormwood
soil
high yield
compartment
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CN201810837819.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
田光海
吴桃珠
陈典芝
罗亨强
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Guizhou Province Sinan County Linhai Ecological Farming And Animal Husbandry Professional Cooperatives
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Guizhou Province Sinan County Linhai Ecological Farming And Animal Husbandry Professional Cooperatives
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Priority to CN201810837819.1A priority Critical patent/CN108934838A/en
Publication of CN108934838A publication Critical patent/CN108934838A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern

Abstract

The present invention relates to planting technology fields, more particularly to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, it is characterized in that, it include: sweet wormwood nursery, site preparation transplanting, field management, harvesting, present invention can ensure that nutrient demand of the sweet wormwood in growth period, activate a variety of enzymes in sweet wormwood, promote the synthesis of qinghaosu, to improve artemislnin content, and, the present invention builds good living environment, effectively facilitate the quick breeding of probiotics, promote the substance circulation in milpa, effectively inhibit pest and disease damage, improve the water-retaining property of ambient enviroment, optimize soil shallow-layer microenvironment by the use of organic fertilizer and the effect of microorganism, improve the output and quality of sweet wormwood.

Description

A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, in particular to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood.
Background technique
Sweet wormwood (ArtemisiaannuaL.) is composite family artemisia, annual or more year raw herbaceous plant, bitter, pungent, cold in nature, Have clearing heat and detoxicating, removes lice, the effect of preventing malaria, generate heat for summer-heat evil, fever due to yin deficiency, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, malaria fever and chills etc. are that Chinese medicine passes One of system anti-malaria medicaments.Wherein, the principle active component of sweet wormwood is qinghaosu, and the past mainly picks wild sweet wormwood hyoscine.
Based on the higher medical value of sweet wormwood, market is huge for the demand of qinghaosu, at present using field planting Sweet wormwood, yield have reached 200-230 kilograms, but due to lacking reasonable field management method, apply fertilizer unreasonable, lead to blueness For artemisin content mostly in 0.06-0.1%, medical value is lower, is unable to satisfy the demand in growing qinghaosu market.It is Chinese special Sharp publication number CN101011007 and China Patent Publication No. CN104322227, discloses a kind of cultural method of sweet wormwood, Sweet wormwood grows the processing method that animated period uses topping, and to promote the growth of side shoot, while top dressing mostly uses Common compound fertilizer And farmyard manure, the undue growth of sweet wormwood is caused, artemislnin content reduces.
Summary of the invention
For the defect for overcoming the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sweet wormwood nursery: selecting the loam of good permeability, compartment after turning over, the wide 1.4-1.7m in compartment, the high 15-32cm in compartment, The fine rake of soil in compartment is broken;Organic compound fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields onto compartment face according to the amount of 1-3kg/m2, by organic compound fertilizer It stirs evenly with soil, is irrigated the soil of compartment face surface layer 10-15cm with 18 times of biogas slurry of dilution;Take seeds of southernwood and Nutrition Soil It is mixed and stirred for uniformly, sowing compartment face 10-15m2 according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood and being sowed, after planting spray clear water immediately, and Ledge agricultural film, to keep agriculture temperature in the shed be 18-22 DEG C, humidity 75-85%, can be carried out to 10-15cm to sweet wormwood seedling is long Transplanting;
(2) site preparation is transplanted:
A. site preparation: selecting sand as milpa, and progress weeding processing in 2-3 weeks before transplanting then turns over milpa It ploughs, uses organic compound fertilizer according to 300-600kg per acre, then plough shallowly;
B. transplant: watering to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again to depth of soil 5-10cm is drenched, then with take root starch into Row slurry root, then according to planting depth 3-5cm, 1000-1300 plants/acre of planting density transplanting to plantation alley face, and it is fixed to water It plants;
(3) field management: after transplanting, primary decomposed night soil is monthly imposed, usage amount is 200-300kg/ mus, every 3 The moon imposes a slow-release fertilizer;
(4) harvest: the fair weather of 26-30 DEG C of temperature of selection carries out eugonic sweet wormwood complete before the sweet wormwood florescence Strain harvesting.
Further, the organic compound fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: in terms of mass parts, by 50-70 parts of pericarps, 200-300 The powder that it is granularity 3-5mm that part water hyacinth, which crushes, with 100-300 parts of sheep dungs, 20-30 parts of wormcasts, 20-30 parts of egg shells, 15- 25 parts of potassium nitrate, the mixing of 10-16 parts of phosphoric acid, adjusting its water content is 68-78%, 5-8 parts of lactic acid bacterias of inoculation, 3-5 parts of saccharomycete, 1-2 parts of photosynthetic bacterias, 8-10 parts of Trichoderma harzianums ferment 5-8 weeks.
Further, by weight, the ratio of the seeds of southernwood and Nutrition Soil is 1:2000-3000.
Further, the slurry of taking root the preparation method is as follows: in terms of mass parts, take 20-25 parts of leaf size reductions to be The powder of 1-3mm is subsequently added into 1000 parts of clear water, stirs evenly, and starch 2-3 parts, 0.5-1 parts of potassium humate, two is then added 0.5-1 parts of phenylurea sulfoacid calcium, 0.08-0.12 parts of butyric acid potassium are uniformly mixed, obtain slurry of taking root.
Further, slow-release fertilizer total nutrient content >=40%, moisture content≤1%, total nitrogen content >=24%, effectively Phosphorus content >=6%, effective potassium content >=10%, usage amount are 80-100kg/ mus.
Further, the pericarp is banana skin, watermelon peel, any one in pitaya peel.
Further, the Nutrition Soil the preparation method comprises the following steps: in terms of mass parts, by 50-70 parts of fine earths, 30-50 parts of bamboo charcoals Powder, 80-130 parts of livestock urines, 200-400 parts of clear water mixing, are filtered after impregnating 2-3 weeks to obtain the final product.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention carries out the plantation of sweet wormwood with seeds of southernwood, is implanted by reasonable nursery, then after soaking root with slurry of taking root In sweet wormwood planting site, the later period to impose slow-release fertilizer, increases the fertility of planting site, so that fertility is discharged slowly, it is ensured that sweet wormwood In the nutrient demand in growth period, promote the division and growth of cell;Promote the reproductive maturity of plant, such as Accelerate bloom, promotion Full seed, raising fruit-setting rate etc., can activate a variety of enzymes in sweet wormwood, promote the synthesis of qinghaosu, be contained with improving qinghaosu Amount.
Also, the present invention builds good living environment, effectively facilitates the quick breeding of probiotics, promotes in milpa Substance circulation, effectively inhibition pest and disease damage, improve the water-retaining property of ambient enviroment, pass through the use of organic fertilizer and the effect of microorganism Optimize soil shallow-layer microenvironment, improves the output and quality of sweet wormwood.
Specific embodiment
In following embodiment, slow-release fertilizer used is provided by Yunnan Ding Run commerce and trade Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sweet wormwood nursery: selecting the loam of good permeability, plays compartment after turning over, the wide 1.4m in compartment, the high 15cm in compartment will be in compartments The fine rake of soil is broken;Organic compound fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields onto compartment face according to the amount of 1kg/m2, organic compound fertilizer and soil are stirred It mixes uniformly, is irrigated the soil of compartment face surface layer 10cm with 18 times of biogas slurry of dilution;Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for Nutrition Soil Uniformly, compartment face 10m2 is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood to be sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep Agriculture temperature in the shed is 18 DEG C, humidity 75%, can be transplanted to 10cm to sweet wormwood seedling is long;Wherein, the seeds of southernwood Weight ratio with Nutrition Soil is 1:2000;The Nutrition Soil the preparation method comprises the following steps: in terms of mass parts, by 50 parts of fine earths, 30 portions of bamboos Powdered carbon, 80 parts of livestock urines, 200 parts of clear water mixing, are filtered after impregnating 2 weeks to obtain the final product;The organic compound fertilizer the preparation method comprises the following steps: In terms of mass parts, 50 parts of banana skins, 200 portions of water hyacinths are crushed as the powder of granularity 3mm, with 100 parts of sheep dungs, 20 portions of earthworms Excrement, 20 parts of egg shells, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 10 parts of phosphoric acid mixing, adjusting its water content is 68%, is inoculated with 5 parts of lactic acid bacterias, 3 parts of ferment Female bacterium, 1 part of photosynthetic bacteria, 8 parts of Trichoderma harzianums ferment 5-8 weeks.
(2) site preparation is transplanted:
A. site preparation: selecting sand as milpa, transplant progress weeding processing in first 2 weeks, then turn over milpa, Organic compound fertilizer is used according to 300kg per acre, then is ploughed shallowly;
B. it transplants: watering to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again to depth of soil 5cm is drenched, then starched with slurry of taking root Root, then according to planting depth 3cm, 1000 plants/acre of planting density transplantings to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering;Wherein, described Take root slurry the preparation method is as follows: in terms of mass parts, taking 20 parts of leaf size reductions is the powder of 1mm, is subsequently added into 1000 parts Clear water stirs evenly, and 2 parts of starch, 0.5 part of potassium humate, 0.5 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium is then added It 0.08 part, is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
(3) field management: after transplanting, primary decomposed night soil is monthly imposed, usage amount is 200kg/ mus;Every March A slow-release fertilizer is imposed, usage amount is 80kg/ mus;
(4) harvest: the fair weather of 26 DEG C of temperature of selection carries out complete stool to eugonic sweet wormwood before the sweet wormwood florescence Harvesting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sweet wormwood nursery: selecting the loam of good permeability, plays compartment after turning over, the wide 1.7m in compartment, the high 32cm in compartment will be in compartments The fine rake of soil is broken;Organic compound fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields onto compartment face according to the amount of 3kg/m2, organic compound fertilizer and soil are stirred It mixes uniformly, is irrigated the soil of compartment face surface layer 15cm with 18 times of biogas slurry of dilution;Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for Nutrition Soil Uniformly, compartment face 15m2 is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood to be sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep Agriculture temperature in the shed is 22 DEG C, humidity 85%, can be transplanted to 15cm to sweet wormwood seedling is long;Wherein, the seeds of southernwood Weight ratio with Nutrition Soil is 1:3000;The Nutrition Soil the preparation method comprises the following steps: in terms of mass parts, by 70 parts of fine earths, 50 portions of bamboos Powdered carbon, 130 parts of livestock urines, 400 parts of clear water mixing, are filtered after impregnating 3 weeks to obtain the final product;The preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer Are as follows: in terms of mass parts, 70 parts of watermelon peels, 300 portions of water hyacinths are crushed as the powder of granularity 5mm, with 300 parts of sheep dungs, 30 portions of earthworms Earthworm excrement, 30 parts of egg shells, 25 parts of potassium nitrate, 16 parts of phosphoric acid mixing, adjusting its water content is 78%, is inoculated with 8 parts of lactic acid bacterias, 5 parts Saccharomycete, 2 parts of photosynthetic bacterias, 10 parts of Trichoderma harzianums ferment 8 weeks.
(2) site preparation is transplanted:
A. site preparation: selecting sand as milpa, transplant progress weeding processing in first 3 weeks, then turn over milpa, Organic compound fertilizer is used according to 600kg per acre, then is ploughed shallowly;
B. it transplants: watering to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again to depth of soil 10cm is drenched, then carried out with slurry of taking root Root is starched, then according to planting depth 5cm, 1300 plants/acre of planting density transplantings to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering;Wherein, institute State slurry of taking root the preparation method is as follows: taking 25 parts of leaf size reductions is the powder of 3mm in terms of mass parts, is subsequently added into 1000 Part clear water, stirs evenly, and 3 parts of starch, 1 part of potassium humate, 1 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.12 is then added Part, it is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
(3) field management: after transplanting, primary decomposed night soil is monthly imposed, usage amount is 300kg/ mus;Every March A slow-release fertilizer is imposed, usage amount is 100kg/ mus;
(4) harvest: the fair weather of 30 DEG C of temperature of selection carries out complete stool to eugonic sweet wormwood before the sweet wormwood florescence Harvesting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sweet wormwood nursery: selecting the loam of good permeability, plays compartment after turning over, the wide 1.5m in compartment, the high 27cm in compartment will be in compartments The fine rake of soil is broken;Organic compound fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields onto compartment face according to the amount of 3kg/m2, organic compound fertilizer and soil are stirred It mixes uniformly, is irrigated the soil of compartment face surface layer 10cm with 18 times of biogas slurry of dilution;Seeds of southernwood is taken to be mixed and stirred for Nutrition Soil Uniformly, compartment face 15m2 is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood to be sowed, after planting spray clear water, and ledge agricultural film immediately, keep Agriculture temperature in the shed is 18 DEG C, humidity 75%, can be transplanted to 15cm to sweet wormwood seedling is long;Wherein, the seeds of southernwood Weight ratio with Nutrition Soil is 1:2000;The Nutrition Soil the preparation method comprises the following steps: in terms of mass parts, by 70 parts of fine earths, 30 portions of bamboos Powdered carbon, 130 parts of livestock urines, 200 parts of clear water mixing, are filtered after impregnating 3 weeks to obtain the final product;The preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer Are as follows: in terms of mass parts, 50 parts of pitaya peels, 300 portions of water hyacinths are crushed as the powder of granularity 3mm, with 300 parts of sheep dungs, 20 parts Wormcast, 30 parts of egg shells, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 16 parts of phosphoric acid mixing, adjusting its water content is 68%, is inoculated with 8 parts of lactic acid bacterias, 3 Part saccharomycete, 2 parts of photosynthetic bacterias, 8 parts of Trichoderma harzianums ferment 8 weeks.
(2) site preparation is transplanted:
A. site preparation: selecting sand as milpa, transplant progress weeding processing in first 2 weeks, then turn over milpa, Organic compound fertilizer is used according to 600kg per acre, then is ploughed shallowly;
B. it transplants: watering to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again to depth of soil 10cm is drenched, then carried out with slurry of taking root Root is starched, then according to planting depth 3cm, 1300 plants/acre of planting density transplantings to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering;Wherein, institute State slurry of taking root the preparation method is as follows: taking 20 parts of leaf size reductions is the powder of 3mm in terms of mass parts, is subsequently added into 1000 Part clear water, stirs evenly, and 3 parts of starch, 0.5 part of potassium humate, 1 part of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium is then added It 0.08 part, is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
(3) field management: after transplanting, primary decomposed night soil is monthly imposed, usage amount is 300kg/ mus;Every March A slow-release fertilizer is imposed, usage amount is 80kg/ mus;
(4) harvest: the fair weather of 30 DEG C of temperature of selection carries out complete stool to eugonic sweet wormwood before the sweet wormwood florescence Harvesting.
Test example 1
2012, in Guizhou Liu Panshui Lang Dai sweet wormwood planting base, 4 mu of ground is selected, experimental group and control group are equally divided into, Every group 2 mu, two groups of soil fertility differences are not significant, do not generate and influence each other, experimental group is planted according to the method for the present invention, control group It is planted using conventional method, other management measures are consistent, and a situation arises, qinghaosu contains with disease for statistics yield after sweet wormwood harvesting Amount.
Test result
Control group Test group
Per mu yield (kg) 219.85 251.67
Disease incidence 9.35% 2.14%
Artemislnin content 1.02% 1.41%
As can be seen that the disease incidence of test group significantly reduces, per mu yield relative to the control group for using conventional method High by 14.47%, the present invention improves the output and quality of sweet wormwood significant.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sweet wormwood nursery: selecting the loam of good permeability, plays compartment, the wide 1.4-1.7m in compartment, the high 15-32cm in compartment, by compartment after turning over The interior fine rake of soil is broken;According to 1-3kg/m2Amount organic compound fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields onto compartment face, by organic compound fertilizer and soil Earth stirs evenly, and is irrigated the soil of compartment face surface layer 10-15cm with 18 times of biogas slurry of dilution;Seeds of southernwood is taken to mix with Nutrition Soil And stir evenly, compartment face 10-15m is sowed according to every 1 gram of seeds of southernwood2It is sowed, after planting sprays clear water, and ledge immediately Agricultural film, to keep agriculture temperature in the shed be 18-22 DEG C, humidity 75-85%, can be transplanted to 10-15cm to sweet wormwood seedling is long;
(2) site preparation is transplanted:
A. site preparation: selecting sand as milpa, and milpa is then turned over, pressed by progress weeding processing in 2-3 weeks before transplanting Organic compound fertilizer is used according to 300-600kg per acre, then is ploughed shallowly;
B. it transplants: watering to nursery and extract sweet wormwood seedling again to depth of soil 5-10cm is drenched, then starched with slurry of taking root Root, then according to planting depth 3-5cm, 1000-1300 plants/acre of planting density transplanting to plantation alley face, and field planting of watering;
(3) field management: after transplanting, monthly imposing primary decomposed night soil, and usage amount is 200-300kg/ mus, is chased after every March Apply a slow-release fertilizer;
(4) harvest: the fair weather of 26-30 DEG C of temperature of selection carries out complete stool to eugonic sweet wormwood and adopts before the sweet wormwood florescence It receives.
2. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system of the organic compound fertilizer Preparation Method are as follows: in terms of mass parts, 50-70 parts of pericarps, 200-300 portions of water hyacinths are crushed as the powder of granularity 3-5mm, with 100- 300 parts of sheep dungs, 20-30 parts of wormcasts, 20-30 parts of egg shells, 15-25 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-16 parts of phosphoric acid mixing, adjust it and contain Water is 68-78%, 5-8 parts of lactic acid bacterias of inoculation, 3-5 parts of saccharomycete, 1-2 parts of photosynthetic bacterias, 8-10 parts of Trichoderma harzianums fermentation 5-8 Week.
3. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that by weight, the blueness The ratio of wormwood artemisia seed and Nutrition Soil is 1:2000-3000.
4. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the slurry of taking root Method is as follows: in terms of mass parts, taking 20-25 parts of leaf size reductions is the powder of 1-3mm, is subsequently added into 1000 parts of clear water, is stirred Uniformly, starch 2-3 parts, 0.5-1 parts of potassium humate, 0.5-1 parts of diphenyl urea sulfoacid calcium, butyric acid potassium 0.08- is then added It 0.12 part, is uniformly mixed, obtains slurry of taking root.
5. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slow-release fertilizer total nutrient contains Measure >=40%, moisture content≤1%, total nitrogen content >=24%, available phosphorus content >=6%, effective potassium content >=10%, usage amount It is 80-100kg/ mus.
6. according to a kind of high yield cultivating method for sweet wormwood that claim 3 is stated, which is characterized in that the pericarp is banana skin, west Any one in melon skin, pitaya peel.
7. according to a kind of high yield cultivating method for sweet wormwood that claim 3 is stated, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the Nutrition Soil Are as follows: in terms of mass parts, 50-70 parts of fine earths, 30-50 parts of bamboo charcoal powders, 80-130 parts of livestock urines, 200-400 parts of clear water are mixed, It is filtered after impregnating 2-3 weeks to obtain the final product.
CN201810837819.1A 2018-07-26 2018-07-26 A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet wormwood Pending CN108934838A (en)

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CN110754185A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-07 天马(安徽)国药科技股份有限公司 Sweet wormwood transplanting device and planting method thereof
CN110972838A (en) * 2019-10-09 2020-04-10 贵州省果树科学研究所 Planting method of purslane for intercropping in dragon orchard
CN111386982A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-10 天马(安徽)国药科技股份有限公司 High-yield cultivation method of sweet wormwood
CN113207346A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-06 贵州星硕铭越环保科技有限公司 Three-dimensional agriculture mode for reducing heavy metal pollution of soil

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110972838A (en) * 2019-10-09 2020-04-10 贵州省果树科学研究所 Planting method of purslane for intercropping in dragon orchard
CN110754185A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-07 天马(安徽)国药科技股份有限公司 Sweet wormwood transplanting device and planting method thereof
CN111386982A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-10 天马(安徽)国药科技股份有限公司 High-yield cultivation method of sweet wormwood
CN113207346A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-08-06 贵州星硕铭越环保科技有限公司 Three-dimensional agriculture mode for reducing heavy metal pollution of soil

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Application publication date: 20181207