CN109618696A - A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling - Google Patents
A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618696A CN109618696A CN201811602845.2A CN201811602845A CN109618696A CN 109618696 A CN109618696 A CN 109618696A CN 201811602845 A CN201811602845 A CN 201811602845A CN 109618696 A CN109618696 A CN 109618696A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, this method is that the sugarcane health seedling cultivated by tissue cultures is transplanted to crop field after being planted hardening, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, cut stem cuttage transplanting, when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then cuts the stem that cuttage stem length goes out and carry out cuttage transplanting.Using method of the invention, one mu of three mu of change not only may be implemented and saved sugarcane kind, but also can be staggered plantation and management time, improve mechanical and artificial utilization rate to the utmost；Sugarcane kind can also be harvested in batches, and alleviating pair high sugar cane bases leads to seriously scarce kind of the dull and rush season excessive obvious, later period due to sugarcane kind is concentrated and harvested；Also it can be shortened the production cycle, save production cost, quickly harvest the sugarcane kind of high quality and the sugarcane of high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding plant planting technology field, 3 repetitions of specifically a kind of sugarcane health seedling original seedling are transplanted
The method of fast breeding.
Background technique
Sucrose is the main body of China's sugar consumption, accounts for 90% or more of sugar consumption.Guangxi, Yunnan are the maximum sugar in China
Expect sugarcane production base, cultivated area and yield account for 80% or more of national sugar cane area and yield, and sugar industry is also two provinces (area)
The important channel of important pillar industry and farmers' income.In recent years, poor by working condition, breeding research and develop lag, single variety,
Improved variety popularization is slow, and cost of labor, which increases many factors such as very fast and domestic and international price fluctuation, to be influenced, sugar cane planting benefit
It glides, market competitiveness decline, sugar industry development and sugarcane grower increase income and be affected.For this purpose, in May, 2015 National Development and Reform Committee, agricultural
Portion combine the benign epilepsy printed and distributed in implementation " production development of sugar cane main producing region plan (2015-2020) " build with it is comprehensive
It closes agronomic technique and promotes proposition in conjunction with core production base and existing Breeding base layout, reform strengthening stock breeding base 58
Ten thousand mu, wherein 41.5 ten thousand mu of Guangxi, 16.5 ten thousand mu of Yunnan, establish and improve the three-level specialization breeding that can cover main sugarcane district
Expand traditional font system.
Sugarcane health seedling has many advantages, such as that the speed of growth is fast, tillering ability is strong, high at stem rate, yield is high, sowing quantity is few, can
The quick breeding for accelerating Sugarcane Superior Variety solves the problems, such as that sugarcane consumes big content of starting materials sugarcane because sowing quantity is big, while making for planting not
It is limited by time and temperature.Sugarcane health seedling technical research, research worker focuses primarily upon sugarcane callus all the time
Conditions of tissue culture screening, Advance in non-tube rootage technology, high efficiency proliferation, sugarcane health seedling field efficacy etc. carry out
Research, and it is relatively weak for health seedling crop field quick breeding technology research aspect, it is dropped especially for sugarcane health seedling
Low cost and two key problems of Speedup of reproduction and breeding speed are less.Therefore, it should reinforce summary temporary planting hardening, move in advance
Plant, the research that field is efficiently bred etc., solve current sugarcane health seedling there are high production cost, the production cycle it is too long,
The problems such as speed is slow is bred, to accelerate double high sugar material base excellent variety update speed, sugarcane is reduced and breeds production cost
Technical support is provided.Although because the appearance of tissue cultivating makes not limited by time and temperature for kind, due to by cost
With the limitation of technology, nowadays still with seedling stem for based on kind, still remaining because leading to sowing and harvest time for kind of a high concentration
It is crowded, it is mechanical low with utilization ratio of manual labor, expand planting scale and there is very big obstruction.
Former, a field-transplanting is only carried out by the sugarcane health seedling original seedling that tissue cultures cultivate, is needed
To grow up to seedling stem until sugarcane health seedling original seedling, breed new seedling with seedling stem again after harvest seedling stem, cultivate plantation at
This height.The applicant has found that the longer stem of sugarcane health seedling original seedling can be used carries out cuttage transplanting again after study,
The sugarcane come out by stem cottage breeding still has good kind of property, and does not influence sugarcane health seedling harvest seedling stem.Therefore,
The applicant applied in patent the method for breeding " a kind of sugarcane health seedling field double " before 2 months, application number:
2018111968461.After having applied for the patent, the applicant has found the stem to be grown by sugarcane health seedling original seedling again
After cuttage transplanting, the sugarcane seedling growing way partially to be grown by stem is fine, and kind property is also preferable, is especially grown again by cuttage stem
The stem come.Therefore, the applicant team has carried out more in-depth study again on the basis of the original, plans sugarcane health kind
The cost of seedling reduces again and the speed of Speedup of reproduction and breeding at double.
Summary of the invention
The above there are aiming at the problem that, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling
The method for transplanting fast breeding may be implemented stem and repeat to expand 60% or more breeding seedling cost reduction twice, not only realizes one mu of change
Three mu, sugarcane kind has been saved, and can be staggered plantation and management time, has improved mechanical and artificial utilization to the utmost
Rate；Sugarcane kind can also be harvested in batches, and alleviating double high sugar cane bases leads to the dull and rush season excessive obvious, later period due to sugarcane kind is concentrated and harvested
Serious the problems such as lacking kind, it also can be shortened the production cycle, save production cost, quickly harvest the sugarcane kind and high yield of high quality
Sugarcane.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, comprising the following steps:
(1) annual January, sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by tissue cultures, the tissue-cultured seedling after taking root and cultivating is transplanted to dress
In the nursery seed plate of nutritious soil, Small plastic shed is built above after neat arrangement is good and carries out temporary planting hardening, hardening to seedling grows 4
Zhang Zhenye can transplant the sugarcane health seedling original seedling in crop field to obtain the final product.
(2) at the beginning of -3 months by the end of February, soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, applies 40-50kg base manure per acre, sky is put more than one
After month, site preparation is carried out mid-April, site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 100-120cm, ditch depth 20-25cm,
Ditch bottom width 15-20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth is backfilled in kind of planting ditch, biodegrade removes meadow in covering
Film；By sugarcane health seedling original seedling, band Nutrition Soil is removed from nursery seed plate, then with mechanical by sugarcane health seedling original seedling band
Soil mud is planted, and is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, and density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, is transplanted drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning and is carried out trickle irrigation, drops to
It is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations until soil soil layer 3-8cm is wet.
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem is cut, the part leaf of stem is first cut off
The tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Seed-soaking liquid in impregnate 1-2 hours, first time cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(4) soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm before one month of transplanting, applies 40-50kg base manure per acre, 3-5 before transplanting
It carries out site preparation, and site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 20-25cm, ditch bottom width 15- are opened by line-spacing 100-120cm
20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；With burrowing
After device burrows perpendicular to the ground, the sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, oblique cutting depth 7-10cm, ground is stayed
Length 8-15cm, stem top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is
1000-1100 plants/acre, transplant and drip irrigation zone and carry out trickle irrigation on post-tensioning, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, later every
Trickle irrigation is primary within 4-10 days.
(5) when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then the stem that cuttage stem length goes out is cut, first cuts off the portion of stem
The leaflet tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Made of impregnate 1-2 hours in seed-soaking liquid, second of cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(6) soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm before one month of transplanting, applies 40-50kg base manure per acre, 3-5 before transplanting
It carries out site preparation, and site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 20-25cm, ditch bottom width 15- are opened by line-spacing 100-120cm
20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；With burrowing
After device burrows perpendicular to the ground, the stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, length 8-15cm, stem are stayed in ground
Top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre,
Drip irrigation zone and carry out trickle irrigation on transplanting post-tensioning, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(7) sugarcane health seedling original seedling and first time cuttage stem seedling keep tillering seedling after cutting stem transplanting and continue to give birth to
It is long, apply 2-3kg urea per acre in conjunction with trickle irrigation；Urea is imposed again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, applies 4-5kg per acre, so
After earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, urea 15-25 kg is imposed per acre and potash fertilizer 6- in conjunction with cultivation and banking
12kg per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
The sugarcane seedling grown is transplanted in (8) second of cuttage, imposes urea again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, per acre
4-5kg is applied, then earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, urea 15-25 kg is imposed per acre in conjunction with cultivation and banking
And potash fertilizer 6-12kg is per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
(9) tillering seedling of former transplantation of seedlings can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling is in next year
2 months can harvest full stem and plant, and what second of cuttage transplanting was grown can harvest full stem plant in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4.
The Nutrition Soil of the step (1) is by the seedling medium and river sand of outsourcing organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% with (1-3): 1
Volume ratio be uniformly mixed obtain；The base manure is by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen, sugarcane top meal/bagasse and molasses
Zymotic fluid group is at, matter amount ratio≤50% of the total base manure of new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer Zhan, matter amount ratio≤25% of the total base manure of lime nitrogen Zhan.
The new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums
Demand characteristics, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%.
The lime nitrogen by silica, free carbon, aluminum oxide, di-iron trioxide, free calcium oxide, magnesia,
Nitrolim, calcium carbide composition, increasing sugared, prevention and treatment borer pest to sugarcane production-increasing has certain effect, can promote early tiller, improve sugarcane
Emergence rate, and the tiller time is short, is conducive to tiller into stem, increases effective number.
The molasses fermented liquid is using molasses as primary raw material, then by honey, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, microelement, vitamin
Fermenting microbe is added in the culture medium of equal nutrients composition, closing fermentation is carried out under the aseptic condition in stainless steel fermentation tank
It obtains；The sugar content of sugarcane can be effectively improved for cane planting as base manure.
The seed-soaking liquid is by Rynaxypyr 50-200mg/L, uniconazole P 50-200mg/L, Prochloraz 200-500mg/L
It mixes.
Biodegrade weed removal mulch film selection Bioengineering Research Institute, Guangdong Province (Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar) research
Biodegradable weed removal mulch film out, the component comprising following mass percent: biodegradable herbicide master batch 3~30%, it is raw
Object degradative resin A 70~97%.Mechanism are as follows: use hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 3~10 a series of nonionic surfactants
For modifying agent, wherein opposed polarity part has centainly with herbicide molecular and Biodegradable resin respectively in modifier molecules chain
Polarity similitude, therefore by select hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 7~10 nonionic surfactant increase herbicide
Moisture dispersibility improves dispersing uniformity of the herbicide in Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix；By selecting hydrophilic and oleophilic
The nonionic surfactant that equilibrium valve is 3~6 increases the interface phase of herbicide molecular and Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix
Capacitive improves its interface binding power, to improve the effect of herbicides time.Herbicidal effect remains to reach after covering with ground sheeting 60 days
90% or more.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is that the sugarcane health seedling cultivated by tissue cultures is transplanted to crop field after being planted hardening, to sweet
When tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem cuttage transplanting is cut, when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then
It cuts the stem that cuttage stem length goes out and carries out cuttage transplanting.There is life via the sugarcane health seedling original seedling that tissue cultures cultivate
The advantages that long speed is fast, tillering ability is strong, high at stem rate, yield is high, sowing quantity is few, can accelerate the breeding of Sugarcane Superior Variety.By sugarcane
Tissue-cultured seedling first carries out temporary planting hardening on nursery seed plate, and tissue-cultured seedling is good to the adaptability of environment, and survival rate is high after transplanting crop field；And
And sugarcane health seedling original seedling is removed above nursery seed plate more convenient, moreover it is possible to it is transplanted using mechanical, high degree of automation,
Improve the efficiency of transplanting.Management and implantation time is arranged by applying fertilizers scientifically, so that sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem can be with
It realizes and repeats cuttage fast breeding, one mu becomes three mu, expands breeding radix, has saved a large amount of sugarcane kind, First Year can be realized
Breeding speed is once transplanted than conventional tissue culture original seedling to quadruple, and second year can also be quadrupled again using the seedling stem breeding of harvest.According to
Understand, the existing health seedling original seedling market price is 1 yuan/plant, considers that other various factors cause the reality of part sugarcane seedling death
Problem, traditional mating system seedling cost are real after repeating transplanting plantation by stem more than 1100 yuan/mu (1100 plants/acre)
Border cost can control seedling cost in 495-550 member/mu in 0.45-0.5 member/strain, using method of the invention, significantly save
The about production cost of seedling.
2, the scientific management through the phase later the present invention transplants sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem in batches after, former transplantation of seedlings
Tillering seedling can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling can harvest full stem in 2 month of next year and plant,
What second of cuttage transplanting was grown can harvest full stem plant in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4；Sugarcane kind is harvested in batches, can alleviate double height
Sugar cane base leads to seriously scarce kind of the dull and rush season excessive obvious, later period due to sugarcane kind is concentrated and harvested.January next year is to 4
There is fresh seedling stem to harvest in month, can directly be planted with fresh seedling stem, the part seedling stem that April can also be harvested
Using the method transplanted after first nursery, then by sugarcane field planting time delay to 5-6 month.May be used also using method of the invention
With plantation and the management time of being staggered, mechanical and artificial utilization rate is improved to the utmost, when avoiding because of sowing and harvest
Between high concentration machinery and artificial the phenomenon that being too busy to do it, also extend the Peak Season that sugar is squeezed in sugar refinery.Use side of the invention
Method can shorten the production cycle, save production cost, quickly harvest the sugarcane kind of high quality and the sugarcane of high yield.
3, when the present invention carries out stem transplanting, after being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch, the stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole,
Length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, ground, and stem top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；Tiltedly
Inserting can be just suitable at 60-70 degree angle with ground to avoid stem lower end because too deep influence of burying is germinateed, and had both avoided and has buried not entirely
Long stem or the low problem of germination percentage nor affect on the germination of stem lower end；Stem top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put, and facilitates confirmation oblique
Spacing in the rows when inserting between two sugarcane stems, and can be to avoid seedling, shading be pressed between two plants of sugarcanes the phenomenon that, nothing between sugarcane plant
Photosynthetic competition, photosynthesis effect are good.The stem of sugarcane seedling is cut and carries out cuttage transplanting by the present invention, does not influence second year not only
The beginning of the year harvests sugarcane kind, moreover it is possible to which the phenomenon that avoiding sugarcane seedling stem from robbing the growth of tillering seedling nutrient absorption promotes former stem and first time
The tiller of cuttage stem occurs, and achievees the purpose that improve number of productive tiller and sugarcane kind yield；It is updated to accelerate double high base excellent variety
Replacement speed, reduction sugarcane breeding production cost provide technical support.The sugarcane health seedling original seedling obtained by tissue culture method
Virus contained by the stem obtained after transplanting plantation is less, and the sugarcane seedling cultivate after cuttage also belongs to healthy seedling, again
It carries out cutting stem then cuttage transplanting plantation, longer sugarcane seed property is still fine, and viral level is lower, next year harvest
Seedling stem also has breeding performance well.
4, ability cuttage is transplanted after the present invention is first impregnated the sugarcane stem sheared off using seed-soaking liquid, used leaching
Kind liquid is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz.Rynaxypyr has stronger permeability, medicament energy
Enter xylem across stem's cuticular cellulose, to conduct along xylem to the other positions not being administered, thrips, aphid can be prevented and treated
The disease and insects such as worm, snout moth's larva, can wide spectrum prevention and treatment to the insect pest in sugarcane growing process.Uniconazole P category broad spectrum activity, high-efficiency plant are raw
Long regulator, has sterilization and herbicide effect concurrently, is gibberellin synthetic inhibitor, can promote sugarcane germination, tiller, promotes degeneration-resistant
Property.Prochloraz has apparent preventive effect to the disease as caused by sac fungus and Fungi Imperfecti, can effectively prevent sugarcane pineapple disease, black
Fringe disease, top rot, brown streak, rust and maculopathy.Not only virus is less for stem after seed soaking, and germinate, tiller compared with
Fastly, growth cycle is shortened.The base manure applied is by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen, sugarcane top meal/bagasse and molasses
Zymotic fluid group is at rich in nutrition content has extraordinary effect to promotion sugarcane production tiller, and can be effectively improved soil
Earth alleviates the continuous cropping obstacle of soil.
5, the present invention covers upper biodegradable weed removal mulch film in cane planting process, not only can effectively solve weeds under film
Problem, and the process for manually taking off film can be removed from the sugarcane production middle and later periods, cost is saved, simultaneously because biodegradable weeding
Mulch will appear degradation breach using film surface after a certain period of time in field, and the top dressing that can directly earth up on film is without influencing sugarcane
Absorption to nutrient is degraded substantially in harvesting sugarcane phase mulch, will not be impacted to second stubble crop.Biodegradable weed removal mulch film
Ingredient Herbicide master batch in used hydrophilic lipophilic balance be 3~10 a series of nonionic surfactants as weeding
The interface modifier of agent and Biodegradable resin, and enhancing activation is carried out by ultrasonic technique, set herbicide and biodegrade
The compatibility of rouge is significantly improved, interaction force enhancing.Biodegradable weed removal mulch film has been used through hydrophilic lipophilic balance
For 7~10 pretreated Herbicide master batch of nonionic surfactant, herbicide can be made to be dispersed in mulch, make weeding
The compatibility of agent and Biodegradable resin improves, and interaction force enhancing so that the rate of release of herbicide be made to slow down, extends it
Efficacy time effectively increases the utilization rate and utilization efficiency of herbicide, reduces underground water pollution caused by herbicide is lost,
Herbicidal effect remains to reach 90% or more after covering with ground sheeting 60 days.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Sugarcane Seedlings behind sugarcane health seedling original transplantation of seedlings crop field；
Fig. 2 is the sugarcane health kind original seedling of 90% generation tiller, can by its stem from the middle position of first, ground section cut into
Row cuttage transplanting；
Fig. 3 is the longer sugarcane seedling of the stem after first time cuttage transplanting, can be by its stem from the centre of first section in ground
Cut progress cuttage transplanting again in position；
Fig. 4 is that the full seed covering of stem plants the sugarcane seedling (the sparse sugarcane seedling of four row of the left side) to grow and stem cuttage plantation is longer
Sugarcane seedling (the sugarcane seedling that the right is intensive and growing way is good) comparison.
Specific embodiment
For the more detailed introduction present invention, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, comprising the following steps:
(1) annual January, sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by tissue cultures, the tissue-cultured seedling after taking root and cultivating is transplanted to dress
In the nursery seed plate of nutritious soil, Small plastic shed is built above after neat arrangement is good and carries out temporary planting hardening, hardening to seedling grows 4
Zhang Zhenye can transplant the sugarcane health seedling original seedling in crop field to obtain the final product.
(2) at the beginning of -3 months by the end of February, soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, applies 50kg base manure per acre, sky puts a wheat harvesting period
Afterwards, site preparation is carried out mid-April, site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 20cm, ditch bottom width are opened by line-spacing 100cm
15cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；By sugarcane
Health seedling original seedling band Nutrition Soil from nursery seed plate is removed, and is then pressed sugarcane health seedling original seedling balled transplanting with machinery
The transplanting of 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density are 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplant drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning and carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer
It is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations until 3-8cm is wet.
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem is cut, the part leaf of stem is first cut off
The tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Seed-soaking liquid in impregnate 2 hours, first time cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(4) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 50kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 100cm, and ditch depth 20cm, ditch bottom width 15cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, oblique cutting depth 7-10cm, length 8-15cm is stayed on ground, on stem
Portion is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, is moved
Plant and drip irrigation zone and carry out trickle irrigation on post-tensioning, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(5) when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then the stem that cuttage stem length goes out is cut, first cuts off the portion of stem
The leaflet tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Made of impregnate 2 hours in seed-soaking liquid, second of cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(6) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 50kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 100cm, and ditch depth 20cm, ditch bottom width 15cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, ground, and stem top is vertical with row ditch oblique
It puts and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning
And carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(7) sugarcane health seedling original seedling and first time cuttage stem seedling keep tillering seedling after cutting stem transplanting and continue to give birth to
It is long, apply 3kg urea per acre in conjunction with trickle irrigation；Urea is imposed again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, is applied 4kg per acre, is then trained
Native 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, in conjunction with cultivation and banking impose urea 25kg per acre and potash fertilizer 6kg per acre, use
Intertillage fertilising banking machine is disposably completed to earth up and be applied fertilizer.
The sugarcane seedling grown is transplanted in (8) second of cuttage, imposes urea again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, per acre
4kg is applied, then earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, 25 kg of urea is imposed per acre and potassium in conjunction with cultivation and banking
Fertile 6kg per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
(9) tillering seedling of former transplantation of seedlings can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling is in next year
2 months can harvest full stem and plant, and what second of cuttage transplanting was grown can harvest full stem plant in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4.
The Nutrition Soil of the step (1) is by growing acid≤55% purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd., organic matter+corruption
Seedling medium be uniformly mixed to obtain with the volume ratio of 1:1 with river sand；The base manure by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen,
Bagasse and molasses fermented liquid composition, matter amount ratio≤50% of the total base manure of new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer Zhan, the total base manure of lime nitrogen Zhan
Zhi Liang Bi≤25%.
The new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums
Demand characteristics, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=26-10-15 are reachable
Exempt from the effect of the economic high yield of top dressing to single fertilization, Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd is purchased from, by Guangxi new direction
Chemical industry Co., Ltd researches and develops with national Sugarcane Industry system south China cultivation post expert Tan Yumo team for a long time.
The lime nitrogen is provided by Ningxia Darong Chemical and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., and the lime nitrogen is by silica, free carbon, three
Al 2 O, di-iron trioxide, free calcium oxide, magnesia, nitrolim, calcium carbide composition increase sugar, prevention and treatment to sugarcane production-increasing
Borer pest has certain effect, can promote early tiller, improve sugarcane emergence rate, and the tiller time is short, is conducive to tiller into stem, increases
Effective number.
The molasses fermented liquid is using molasses as primary raw material, then by honey, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, microelement, vitamin
Fermenting microbe is added in the culture medium of equal nutrients composition, closing fermentation is carried out under the aseptic condition in stainless steel fermentation tank
It obtains；The sugar content of sugarcane can be effectively improved for cane planting as base manure.
The seed-soaking liquid is mixed by Rynaxypyr 50mg/L, uniconazole P 50mg/L, Prochloraz 200mg/L.
Biodegrade weed removal mulch film selection Bioengineering Research Institute, Guangdong Province (Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar) research
Biodegradable weed removal mulch film out, the component comprising following mass percent: biodegradable herbicide master batch 3~30%, it is raw
Object degradative resin A 70~97%.Mechanism are as follows: use hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 3~10 a series of nonionic surfactants
For modifying agent, wherein opposed polarity part has centainly with herbicide molecular and Biodegradable resin respectively in modifier molecules chain
Polarity similitude, therefore by select hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 7~10 nonionic surfactant increase herbicide
Moisture dispersibility improves dispersing uniformity of the herbicide in Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix；By selecting hydrophilic and oleophilic
The nonionic surfactant that equilibrium valve is 3~6 increases the interface phase of herbicide molecular and Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix
Capacitive improves its interface binding power, to improve the effect of herbicides time.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, comprising the following steps:
(1) annual January, sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by tissue cultures, the tissue-cultured seedling after taking root and cultivating is transplanted to dress
In the nursery seed plate of nutritious soil, Small plastic shed is built above after neat arrangement is good and carries out temporary planting hardening, hardening to seedling grows 4
Zhang Zhenye can transplant the sugarcane health seedling original seedling in crop field to obtain the final product.
(2) at the beginning of -3 months by the end of February, soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, applies 45kg base manure per acre, sky puts a wheat harvesting period
Afterwards, site preparation is carried out mid-April, site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 22cm, ditch bottom width are opened by line-spacing 110cm
18cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；By sugarcane
Health seedling original seedling band Nutrition Soil from nursery seed plate is removed, and is then pressed sugarcane health seedling original seedling balled transplanting with machinery
The transplanting of 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density are 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplant drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning and carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer
It is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations until 3-8cm is wet.
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem is cut, the part leaf of stem is first cut off
The tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Seed-soaking liquid in impregnate 1.5 hours, first time cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(4) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 45kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 110cm, and ditch depth 22cm, ditch bottom width 18cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, length 8-15cm, stem are stayed in ground
Top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre,
Drip irrigation zone and carry out trickle irrigation on transplanting post-tensioning, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(5) when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then the stem that cuttage stem length goes out is cut, first cuts off the portion of stem
The leaflet tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Made of impregnate 1.5 hours in seed-soaking liquid, second of cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(6) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 45kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 110cm, and ditch depth 22cm, ditch bottom width 18cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, ground, and stem top is vertical with row ditch oblique
It puts and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning
And carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(7) sugarcane health seedling original seedling and first time cuttage stem seedling keep tillering seedling after cutting stem transplanting and continue to give birth to
It is long, apply 2.5kg urea per acre in conjunction with trickle irrigation；Urea is imposed again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, applies 4.5kg per acre, so
After earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, 20 kg of urea is imposed per acre in conjunction with cultivation and banking and potash fertilizer 9kg is every
Mu is disposably completed to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
The sugarcane seedling grown is transplanted in (8) second of cuttage, imposes urea again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, per acre
4.5kg is applied, then earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, in conjunction with cultivation and banking impose 20 kg of urea per acre and
Potash fertilizer 9kg per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
(9) tillering seedling of former transplantation of seedlings can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling is in next year
2 months can harvest full stem and plant, and what second of cuttage transplanting was grown can harvest full stem plant in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4.
The Nutrition Soil of the step (1) is by growing acid≤55% purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd., organic matter+corruption
Seedling medium be uniformly mixed to obtain with the volume ratio of 2:1 with river sand；The base manure by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen,
Sugarcane top meal and molasses fermented liquid composition, matter amount ratio≤50% of the total base manure of new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer Zhan, the total base manure of lime nitrogen Zhan
Zhi Liang Bi≤25%.
The new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums
Demand characteristics, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=26-10-15 are reachable
Exempt from the effect of the economic high yield of top dressing to single fertilization, Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd is purchased from, by Guangxi new direction
Chemical industry Co., Ltd researches and develops with national Sugarcane Industry system south China cultivation post expert Tan Yumo team for a long time.
The lime nitrogen is provided by Ningxia Darong Chemical and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., and the lime nitrogen is by silica, free carbon, three
Al 2 O, di-iron trioxide, free calcium oxide, magnesia, nitrolim, calcium carbide composition increase sugar, prevention and treatment to sugarcane production-increasing
Borer pest has certain effect, can promote early tiller, improve sugarcane emergence rate, and the tiller time is short, is conducive to tiller into stem, increases
Effective number.
The molasses fermented liquid is using molasses as primary raw material, then by honey, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, microelement, vitamin
Fermenting microbe is added in the culture medium of equal nutrients composition, closing fermentation is carried out under the aseptic condition in stainless steel fermentation tank
It obtains；The sugar content of sugarcane can be effectively improved for cane planting as base manure.
The seed-soaking liquid is mixed by Rynaxypyr 120mg/L, uniconazole P 120mg/L, Prochloraz 350mg/L.
Biodegrade weed removal mulch film selection Bioengineering Research Institute, Guangdong Province (Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar) research
Biodegradable weed removal mulch film out, the component comprising following mass percent: biodegradable herbicide master batch 3~30%, it is raw
Object degradative resin A 70~97%.Mechanism are as follows: use hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 3~10 a series of nonionic surfactants
For modifying agent, wherein opposed polarity part has centainly with herbicide molecular and Biodegradable resin respectively in modifier molecules chain
Polarity similitude, therefore by select hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 7~10 nonionic surfactant increase herbicide
Moisture dispersibility improves dispersing uniformity of the herbicide in Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix；By selecting hydrophilic and oleophilic
The nonionic surfactant that equilibrium valve is 3~6 increases the interface phase of herbicide molecular and Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix
Capacitive improves its interface binding power, to improve the effect of herbicides time.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, comprising the following steps:
(1) annual January, sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by tissue cultures, the tissue-cultured seedling after taking root and cultivating is transplanted to dress
In the nursery seed plate of nutritious soil, Small plastic shed is built above after neat arrangement is good and carries out temporary planting hardening, hardening to seedling grows 4
Zhang Zhenye can transplant the sugarcane health seedling original seedling in crop field to obtain the final product.
(2) at the beginning of -3 months by the end of February, soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, applies 40kg base manure per acre, sky puts a wheat harvesting period
Afterwards, site preparation is carried out mid-April, site preparation requires deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 25cm, ditch bottom width are opened by line-spacing 120cm
20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；By sugarcane
Health seedling original seedling band Nutrition Soil from nursery seed plate is removed, and is then pressed sugarcane health seedling original seedling balled transplanting with machinery
The transplanting of 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density are 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplant drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning and carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer
It is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations until 3-8cm is wet.
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem is cut, the part leaf of stem is first cut off
The tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Seed-soaking liquid in impregnate 1 hour, first time cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(4) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 40kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 120cm, and ditch depth 25cm, ditch bottom width 20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The sugarcane health seedling original seedling stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, length 8-15cm, stem are stayed in ground
Top is vertical with row ditch tiltedly to put and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre,
Drip irrigation zone and carry out trickle irrigation on transplanting post-tensioning, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(5) when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then the stem that cuttage stem length goes out is cut, first cuts off the portion of stem
The leaflet tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Made of impregnate 1 hour in seed-soaking liquid, second of cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture.
(6) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 40kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation, site preparation require deep, loose, broken flat；Plant sugarcane ditch is opened by line-spacing 120cm, and ditch depth 25cm, ditch bottom width 20cm, bottom of trench is smooth, thin
It is broken to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；After being burrowed perpendicular to the ground with punch,
The stem oblique cutting cut is entered in hole, length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, ground, and stem top is vertical with row ditch oblique
It puts and with ground at 60-70 degree angle；It is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning
And carry out trickle irrigation, drop to soil soil layer 3-8cm it is wet until, it is later primary every 4-10 days trickle irrigations.
(7) sugarcane health seedling original seedling and first time cuttage stem seedling keep tillering seedling after cutting stem transplanting and continue to give birth to
It is long, apply 2kg urea per acre in conjunction with trickle irrigation；Urea is imposed again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, is applied 5kg per acre, is then trained
Native 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, in conjunction with cultivation and banking impose 15 kg of urea per acre and potash fertilizer 12kg per acre, make
It disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer with intertillage fertilising banking machine.
The sugarcane seedling grown is transplanted in (8) second of cuttage, imposes urea again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, per acre
5kg is applied, then earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, urea 15kg is imposed per acre and potash fertilizer in conjunction with cultivation and banking
12kg per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine.
(9) tillering seedling of former transplantation of seedlings can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling is in next year
2 months can harvest full stem and plant, and what second of cuttage transplanting was grown can harvest full stem plant in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4.
The Nutrition Soil of the step (1) is by growing acid≤55% purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd., organic matter+corruption
Seedling medium be uniformly mixed to obtain with the volume ratio of 3:1 with river sand；The base manure by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen,
Sugarcane top meal and molasses fermented liquid composition, matter amount ratio≤50% of the total base manure of new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer Zhan, the total base manure of lime nitrogen Zhan
Zhi Liang Bi≤25%.
The new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums
Demand characteristics, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=26-10-15 are reachable
Exempt from the effect of the economic high yield of top dressing to single fertilization, Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd is purchased from, by Guangxi new direction
Chemical industry Co., Ltd researches and develops with national Sugarcane Industry system south China cultivation post expert Tan Yumo team for a long time.
The lime nitrogen is provided by Ningxia Darong Chemical and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., and the lime nitrogen is by silica, free carbon, three
Al 2 O, di-iron trioxide, free calcium oxide, magnesia, nitrolim, calcium carbide composition increase sugar, prevention and treatment to sugarcane production-increasing
Borer pest has certain effect, can promote early tiller, improve sugarcane emergence rate, and the tiller time is short, is conducive to tiller into stem, increases
Effective number.
The molasses fermented liquid is using molasses as primary raw material, then by honey, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, microelement, vitamin
Fermenting microbe is added in the culture medium of equal nutrients composition, closing fermentation is carried out under the aseptic condition in stainless steel fermentation tank
It obtains；The sugar content of sugarcane can be effectively improved for cane planting as base manure.
The seed-soaking liquid is mixed by Rynaxypyr 200mg/L, uniconazole P 200mg/L, Prochloraz 500mg/L.
Biodegrade weed removal mulch film selection Bioengineering Research Institute, Guangdong Province (Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar) research
Biodegradable weed removal mulch film out, the component comprising following mass percent: biodegradable herbicide master batch 3~30%, it is raw
Object degradative resin A 70~97%.Mechanism are as follows: use hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 3~10 a series of nonionic surfactants
For modifying agent, wherein opposed polarity part has centainly with herbicide molecular and Biodegradable resin respectively in modifier molecules chain
Polarity similitude, therefore by select hydrophilic lipophilic balance for 7~10 nonionic surfactant increase herbicide
Moisture dispersibility improves dispersing uniformity of the herbicide in Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix；By selecting hydrophilic and oleophilic
The nonionic surfactant that equilibrium valve is 3~6 increases the interface phase of herbicide molecular and Biodegradable high molecular resin matrix
Capacitive improves its interface binding power, to improve the effect of herbicides time.
It is hereby stated that sugarcane tissue culture industrial breeding technique at the beginning of the applicant since the 80's of 20th century
It is studied, in recent years, the main research carried out shoot tip in vitro culture and combine heat treatment made breakthrough progress,
Form scale, industrialization production.In recent years, sugarcane health seedling is " Guangxi Sugarcane Superior Variety network for breeding and popularizing is constructed and implemented
Scheme " one, two, three Breeding base in play a significant role, for excellent sugar cane breed popularization be made that major contribution.This
Applicant has applied for many patents, and the applying date posterior partial monopoly may be in the applying date preceding some or certain patents
On the basis of, then continue what research obtained, but its research method is not identical, result of study be also with conspicuousness into
It walks and higher economic interests can be brought.
Claims (4)
1. the methods that fast breeding is transplanted in a kind of 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling, which is characterized in that the method includes with
Lower step:
(1) annual January, sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by tissue cultures, the tissue-cultured seedling after taking root and cultivating is transplanted to dress
In the nursery seed plate of nutritious soil, Small plastic shed is built above after neat arrangement is good and carries out temporary planting hardening, hardening to seedling grows 4
Zhang Zhenye can transplant the sugarcane health seedling original seedling in crop field to obtain the final product；
(2) at the beginning of -3 months by the end of February, soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, applies 40-50kg base manure per acre, sky puts a wheat harvesting period
Afterwards, mid-April carries out site preparation, opens plant sugarcane ditch, ditch depth 20-25cm, ditch bottom width 15-20cm by line-spacing 100-120cm, bottom of trench is put down
It is whole, fine crushing to loosen the soil；3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind of planting ditch；By sugarcane health seedling original seedling
Band Nutrition Soil is transplanted, and is transplanted by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, and density is 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning；
At the beginning of (3) 5 months, when tiller occurs for sugarcane health seedling original seedling 90%, stem is cut, the part blade tip for first cutting off stem stays
Lower 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into the leaching mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
It is impregnated 1-2 hours in kind liquid, first time cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture；
(4) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 40-50kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation opens plant sugarcane ditch by line-spacing 100-120cm, ditch depth 20-25cm, ditch bottom width 15-20cm, and bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；It is past
3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind planting ditch；After being burrowed with punch, sugarcane health that will cut
Seedling original seedling stem oblique cutting enters in hole, and length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10 cm, ground, transplants by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows, close
Degree is 1000-1100 plants/acre, transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning；
(5) when tiller occurs for first time cuttage stem 100%, then the stem that cuttage stem length goes out is cut, first cuts off the part leaf of stem
The tip leaves 2-3 ㎝ blade, removes withered blade, then stem is put into and is mixed by Rynaxypyr, uniconazole P, Prochloraz
Seed-soaking liquid in impregnate 1-2 hours, second of cuttage field-transplanting can be carried out by taking out after drying in the shade surface moisture；
(6) transplanting one month before soil is carried out to plough deeply 30-40cm, per acre apply 40-50kg base manure, transplanting before 3-5 days into
Row site preparation opens plant sugarcane ditch by line-spacing 100-120cm, ditch depth 20-25cm, ditch bottom width 15-20cm, and bottom of trench is smooth, fine crushing loosens the soil；It is past
3-5cm fine earth, biodegradable weed removal mulch film in covering are backfilled in kind planting ditch；After being burrowed with punch, stem oblique cutting that will cut
Enter in hole, length 8-15cm is stayed on oblique cutting depth 7-10cm, ground, by 45-50 ㎝ spacing in the rows transplant, density be 1000-1100 plants/
Mu transplants drip irrigation zone on post-tensioning；
(7) sugarcane health seedling original seedling and first time cuttage stem seedling keep tillering seedling continued growth after cutting stem transplanting,
Apply 2-3kg urea per acre in conjunction with trickle irrigation；Urea is imposed again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, applies 4-5kg per acre, then
Earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, urea 15-25kg is imposed per acre and potash fertilizer 6-12kg in conjunction with cultivation and banking
Per acre, it disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine；
The sugarcane seedling grown is transplanted in (8) second of cuttage, is imposed urea again when tillering seedling grows to 4-6 true leaves, is applied 4- per acre
5kg, then earth up 2-3cm；When tillering seedling grows to Early period of cane elongation, urea 15-25 kg is imposed per acre and potassium in conjunction with cultivation and banking
Fertile 6-12kg per acre, disposably completes to earth up and apply fertilizer using intertillage fertilising banking machine；
(9) tillering seedling of former transplantation of seedlings can harvest full stem January next year and plant, and first time cuttage stem tillering seedling was in next year 2 months
Part can harvest full stem plants, and what second of cuttage transplanting was grown, which can harvest full stem in sugarcane Miao Yu month next year 3-4, plants.
2. the method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The Nutrition Soil of the step (1) is by the seedling medium and river sand of outsourcing organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% with (1-3): 1 volume ratio
It is uniformly mixed and obtains；The base manure is by new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, lime nitrogen, sugarcane top meal/bagasse and molasses fermented liquid group
At, matter amount ratio≤50% of the total base manure of new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer Zhan, matter amount ratio≤25% of the total base manure of lime nitrogen Zhan.
3. the method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The seed-soaking liquid by Rynaxypyr 50-200mg/L, uniconazole P 50-200mg/L, Prochloraz 200-500mg/L mixing and
At.
4. the method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The biodegrade weed removal mulch film includes the component of following mass percent: biodegradable herbicide master batch 3~30%, biology
Degradative resin A 70~97%；Herbicidal effect remains to reach 90% or more after covering with ground sheeting 60 days.
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