CN101731086A - Overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane - Google Patents
Overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101731086A CN101731086A CN200910214530A CN200910214530A CN101731086A CN 101731086 A CN101731086 A CN 101731086A CN 200910214530 A CN200910214530 A CN 200910214530A CN 200910214530 A CN200910214530 A CN 200910214530A CN 101731086 A CN101731086 A CN 101731086A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of the seed breeding and cultivation of sugarcane. The invention provides an overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps: ordering an overhead cultivation device; breeding the seedlings of the seed stems of the sugarcane; preparing a cultivation substrate; installing an automatic control drip irrigation system; transplanting the seeds of the sugarcane; carrying out soil dressing; removing the excess tiller stalks of the sugarcane; carrying out large earth-up and combining with fertilization and the like; and transplanting the seeds of the sugarcane to the overhead cultivation device for culture, carrying out round-the-clock drip irrigation with random regulation by the automatic control drip irrigation system in the meantime and constructing a windproof rack system. The invention has the following outstanding essential characteristics and obvious improvements: (1) the enhancement of the heading rate of the florescence of the sugarcane can be effectively promoted, and the enhancement of the utilization efficiency of the flower ears of the sugarcane is also promoted; (2) the problems of difficult stalk wrapping, large labor consumption, difficult operation and the like of the traditional seed breeding of the sugarcane are overcome, and a favorable guarantee basis is provided for the batch production, the large-scale production and the standardized production of the hybridized spicas of the sugarcane; and (3) by the windproof rack system adopted by the invention, the stalks of the sugarcane can be fixed in a windproof rack, and the lodge of the sugarcane caused by the natural disasters of typhoon and the like is effectively prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cane breeding culture technique field.
Background technology
Sugarcane (Sugarcane) is the important sugar [yielding of China, and cane suger accounts for more than 90% of China's sugar output, and it also is one of best renewable energy resources crop of southern area production alcohol fuel simultaneously.The development of sucrose industry be unable to do without the sugar cane breed improvement, and improved seeds reach 60% to the contribution rate of technical progress of sucrose production, is China's sucrose industry sustainable development and the main core technology that improves sucrose industry international competitiveness.The sugarcane sexual hybridization is the effective way of carrying out the sugar cane breed improvement, is the situation of alleviating China's sugar cane breed structure unification.Father and mother originally carry out the effective way that liftoff cultivation mode technology is a raising sugarcane sexual hybridization efficient in the sugarcane sexual hybridization process.
Early stage more traditional cultivation mode mainly is the field production pattern.On the one hand, owing on the land for growing field crops, cultivate, influenced greatly by environmental factors such as typhoon, the sugarcane serious lodging, the heading rate of blooming is extremely low, causes colored ear stem utilization ratio extremely low.On the other hand, the field production pattern is manageability not, sugarcane phimosis difficulty, and too effort operates.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane, it has efficiently, is convenient to characteristics such as management, can improve the efficient of sugarcane sexual hybridization with the present invention, thereby promotes the process of sugar cane breed improvement.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) customized liftoff culturing device: this device is manufactured by the plastics material, and it is shaped as drum shape, and volume is 10-20L, this device is beaten 4-5 circular hole on the bucket wall of bottom and nearly bottom, Circularhole diameter is greater than 2cm, and symmetry is established two barrels of handles on the bung limit, and bucket handle middle part is equipped with the circular hole that diameter is 2-3cm.
(2) windproof frame system is built: windproof frame system includes the pillar that multirow is arranged in parallel, and is separated by greater than 300cm between pillar is capable, and windproof middle pillar of every row is spaced apart 300-500cm, and the pillar height is 200-250cm, and the pillar diameter is 6-8cm; Every pillar is in nearly upper end and each horizontal Zhi Yigen steel cross bar of about 150cm eminence, steel cross bar length is about 100cm, two ends are symmetrical in pillar substantially, to be welded to connect formation rectangle shelf with the steel cross bar distal point of delegation's pillar with reinforcing bar, this windproof is used for fixing the sugarcane that grows tall from liftoff culturing device, prevent the sugarcane lodging.
(3) liftoff culturing device is arranged: with windproof trestle of each row is benchmark, is approximately respectively arranging the liftoff culturing device of delegation in both sides in the 30cm place from windproof trestle, even distribution 6-8 liftoff culturing device between two pillars;
(4) automatic control drip irrigation system is installed: automatic control drip irrigation system includes trunk line, micro computer time-controlled switch, lamination filter, magnetic valve, PE pipe, irrigate band and drips arrow, lay trunk line earlier, at trunk line one end lamination filter and magnetic valve are installed in order successively, magnetic valve is controlled by the micro computer time-controlled switch; The other end at trunk line is connected in each liftoff culturing device with the shunting of PE pipe, and this automatic control drip irrigation system can be passed through round-the-clock any adjusting drip irrigation time period of micro computer time-controlled switch, drip irrigation number of times, drip irrigation time length.
(5) sugarcane kind stem is grown seedlings: the cane seedling that will adopt divests blade, be chopped to two bud seedlings, and be to soak about 10min on 1% the carbendazim solution in concentration, soaked seedling is evenly arranged on the off-the-shelf seedbed, execute a little 5% " sugarcane comes stem " particle in case soil insect, and overburden soil.
(6) cultivation matrix preparation and placement: cultivation matrix is the mixture of sand, soil and ox fertilizer, its ratio is husky: soil: ox fertilizer=1: 3～5: 1～2, cultivation matrix is placed in the liftoff culturing device, each liftoff culturing device is put into the cultivation matrix Weight control at 5-15Kg, covers liftoff culturing device about 1/2.
(7) sugarcane transplantation of seedlings: after the growing seedlings 40 days of step (2) with the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings in the ready liftoff culturing device of step (3), dig seedling during transplanting and removed unnecessary soil, 4 relatively more strong and more uniform single buds of culturing device plantation that each is liftoff, execute a little 5% " sugarcane comes stem " particle after the plantation and irritate sufficient normal root water, be that the automatic control drip irrigation system of available step (4) is carried out automatic dripping irrigation next day.
(8) soil dressing is also in conjunction with fertilising: carried out topdressing for 1-2 time in every month after the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings, each liftoff culturing device topdresses at every turn and executes urea 5-10g, and composite fertilizer 15-25g covers with a little soil after each fertilising;
(9) big ridging and combination fertilising: in sugarcane transplantation of seedlings 2-3 month, each liftoff culturing device is executed the about 500g of cow dung and sugarcane comes stem 2-3g, and covers with soil.
(10) divest unnecessary sugarcane blade: the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings is after 3 months, and the blade that the sugarcane the lower portion of the stem is aging divests.
(11) remove the unnecessary stem of tillering: the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings was carried out cutting off the unnecessary stem of tillering for 1 time after 2 months in every 30-40 days, and each is liftoff, and culturing device keeps stem 3-5 bar, and stem is evenly distributed in the liftoff culturing device.
In above step, step (5) can and step (1), (2), (3) or (4) carry out simultaneously; Step (1) and (2), step (5) and (6) are in no particular order.
Be compared with the prior art, the present invention has following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement:
One, the present invention has promoted the bloom raising of heading rate of sugarcane effectively, also promotes the raising of the utilization ratio of sugarcane fringe simultaneously.
Two, the present invention overcome traditional cane breeding phimosis difficulty, expense manually, problem such as not easy to operate; sugarcane is gently simplified in order to be fit to, a kind of cultivation mode of testization, for batch production, scale and standardized production sugarcane hybridization flower fringe provide favourable guarantee basis.
Three, the windproof frame system of the present invention's employing can be fixed in cane stalk in windproof, prevents the sugarcane lodging that sugarcane is caused because of natural calamities such as typhoons effectively.
Embodiment
Embodiment
From 2005, we adopted the present invention, and the invention will be further described below by specific operation process:
A kind of overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane comprises the steps:
(1) customized liftoff culturing device: January, according to the size of liftoff cultivation mode scale, customized several liftoff culturing device.This liftoff culturing device is the plastic cylinder shape, specification is base diameter 24-26cm, upper diameter 33-35cm, high 28-30cm, wall thickness is 1-1.5cm, volume is about 15L, and 1 circular hole is made a call in the bottom, makes a call to 4 circular holes on base wall, the aperture is 2.5cm, the specification that has two symmetries on this device top is: the handle of length * height * thick=7.5cm * 3.5cm * 1cm, make a call to the hole that a diameter is 2.5cm at the middle part of handle, and can move usefulness for operation at ordinary times.
(2) sugarcane kind stem is grown seedlings: seedling raise period is arranged in January, and the material that participates in growing seedlings has: more than 100 part of parent materials such as CP57-614, CP84-1198, CP72-1210, city, precipice 71-374, Guangdong sugar 93-159.The requirement of growing seedlings: the cane seedling that will adopt divests blade, is chopped to two bud seedlings, and is to soak about 10min on 1% the carbendazim in concentration.Soaked seedling is evenly arranged on the off-the-shelf seedbed, executes 5% " sugarcane the comes stem " particle of a little, and cover the soil about 2cm.
(3) build windproof frame system: windproof frame system built up in 2003 in parent garden, cane breeding field, Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar Hainan, windproof frame system includes the pillar that multirow is arranged in parallel, the sub-line-spacing of windproof trestle is 300cm-310cm, windproof of every row is a upright pillar at horizontal interval 340cm-350cm place, the pillar height is 250cm, and diameter is 6cm-7cm; Every pillar is in big end and about each cross reinforcement of 150cm eminence, this reinforcing bar length is 100cm, bar diameter is about 1.5cm, two ends are symmetrical in pillar substantially, use again reinforcing bar (bar diameter is about 1cm) will with the reinforcing bar of delegation's pillar not end points be welded to connect the rectangular shelf of formation, this windproof is used for fixing the sugarcane that grows tall from liftoff culturing device, prevent the sugarcane lodging.
(4) liftoff culturing device is arranged: according to the progress degree of growing seedlings, carrying out the arrangement of liftoff culturing device March, is benchmark with windproof trestle, is respectively arranging the liftoff culturing device of delegation from both sides, windproof 30cm place, even 8 the liftoff culturing device that distribute are about 15cm at interval between two pillars.
(5) cultivation matrix preparation: mid-March, cultivation matrix is husky, native, the fertile mixture of ox, husky: soil: ox fertilizer=1: 4: 1.5, put earlier river sand or the handstone of 1cm about thick in liftoff culturing device bottom, then the cultivation matrix that stirs is placed in the liftoff culturing device, each liftoff culturing device is put into the 10Kg cultivation matrix, covers liftoff culturing device about 1/2.
(6) automatic control drip irrigation system is installed: automatic control drip irrigation system installs in parent garden, cane breeding field, Guangzhou Inst of Cane Sugar Hainan, and automatic control drip irrigation system is made up of trunk line, micro computer time-controlled switch, lamination filter, magnetic valve, PE pipe, irrigate band and an arrow etc.Lay trunk line earlier, connect lamination filter and magnetic valve successively in order at trunk line one end, magnetic valve is by the unified control of micro computer time-controlled switch; Be diverted in the liftoff culturing device of each with the PE pipe at the trunk line other end, the PE pipe end that is connected to each liftoff culturing device connects an arrow with the irrigate band, this arrow need be inserted in the liftoff culturing device, and this automatic control drip irrigation system can be passed through round-the-clock any adjusting drip irrigation time period of micro computer time-controlled switch, drip irrigation number of times, drip irrigation time length.
(7) sugarcane transplantation of seedlings: late March (after the growing seedlings 40 days) material C of will growing seedlings P57-614, CP84-1198, CP72-1210, city, precipice 71-374, more than 100 part of parent materials such as Guangdong sugar 93-159 are transplanted, dig seedling and removed unnecessary soil, select relatively more strong and more uniform single bud, hanging up properly label plants in installing the liftoff device of cultivation matrix with scuppit, each is liftoff, and culturing device is planted 4 single buds, execute 5% " sugarcane the comes stem " particle of a little after the plantation and irritate sufficient normal root water, the automatic control drip irrigation system of inferior daily step (4) is carried out automatic dripping irrigation, the drip irrigation time: the morning 10:00-11:15, afternoon 15:00-16:30.
(8) soil dressing and combination fertilising: arrange altogether April-June to topdress for 4 times, interval time is 15-20 days, and concrete time and fertilizing amount (by each liftoff culturing device) are: early April, urea 5g, composite fertilizer 15g; Mid-April, urea 10g, composite fertilizer 25g; The late April or the first tenday period of a month in May, urea 10g, composite fertilizer 25g; Mid-May, urea 8g, composite fertilizer 20g; All need after topdressing with a little soil covering carrying out soil dressing at every turn.
(9) big ridging is also in conjunction with fertilising: each liftoff culturing device was executed through fertile 500g of the ox of fermentation and sugarcane and was come stem 2g early June, and earthed up greatly with the covering of the soil about 1kg.
(10) divest unnecessary sugarcane blade and be fixed in windproof: late June begins the aging blade of sugarcane the lower portion of the stem is divested, and sets upright cane stalk and is fixed on the red rope of high density polyethylene (HDPE) on windproof the guardrail.
(11) remove the unnecessary stem of tillering: carried out once the unnecessary stem of tillering in per 40 days to cut off May-November, require each liftoff culturing device to keep stem 3-5 bar, and stem is evenly distributed in the liftoff culturing device.
We have repeated above-mentioned (2), (4), (5), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11) step respectively in 2006,2007,2008, wherein the fertilizing amount in the step (8) are done some adjustment.Result of the test is seen attached list
Subordinate list: several important parent material field productions and liftoff cultivation heading rate are relatively
Claims (1)
1. overhead cultivation technology of sugarcane is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) customized liftoff culturing device: this device is manufactured by the plastics material, and it is shaped as drum shape, and volume is 10-20L, this device is beaten 4-5 circular hole on the bucket wall of bottom and nearly bottom, Circularhole diameter is greater than 2cm, and symmetry is established two barrels of handles on the bung limit, and bucket handle middle part is equipped with the circular hole that diameter is 2-3cm;
(2) windproof frame system is built: windproof frame system includes the pillar that multirow is arranged in parallel, and is separated by greater than 300cm between pillar is capable, and windproof middle pillar of every row is spaced apart 300-500cm, and the pillar height is 200-250cm, and the pillar diameter is 6-8cm; Every pillar is in nearly upper end and each horizontal Zhi Yigen steel cross bar of about 150cm eminence, steel cross bar length is about 100cm, two ends are symmetrical in pillar substantially, to be welded to connect formation rectangle shelf with the steel cross bar distal point of delegation's pillar with reinforcing bar, this windproof is used for fixing the sugarcane that grows tall from liftoff culturing device, prevent the sugarcane lodging;
(3) liftoff culturing device is arranged: with windproof trestle of each row is benchmark, is approximately respectively arranging the liftoff culturing device of delegation in both sides in the 30cm place from windproof trestle, even distribution 6-8 liftoff culturing device between two pillars;
(4) automatic control drip irrigation system is installed: automatic control drip irrigation system includes trunk line, micro computer time-controlled switch, lamination filter, magnetic valve, PE pipe, irrigate band and drips arrow, lay trunk line earlier, at trunk line one end lamination filter and magnetic valve are installed in order successively, magnetic valve is controlled by the micro computer time-controlled switch; The other end at trunk line is diverted in each liftoff culturing device with the PE pipe, and the PE pipe end that is connected to each liftoff culturing device connects an arrow with the irrigate band, drips arrow and need be inserted in the liftoff culturing device.This automatic control drip irrigation system can be passed through round-the-clock any adjusting drip irrigation time period of micro computer time-controlled switch, drip irrigation number of times, drip irrigation time length;
(5) sugarcane kind stem is grown seedlings: the cane seedling that will adopt divests blade, is chopped to two bud seedlings, and is to soak about 10min on 1% the carbendazim solution in concentration, soaked seedling is evenly arranged on the off-the-shelf seedbed, and overburden soil;
(6) cultivation matrix preparation and placement: cultivation matrix is the mixture of sand, soil and ox fertilizer, its ratio is husky: soil: ox fertilizer=1: 3～5: 1～2, cultivation matrix is placed in the liftoff culturing device, each liftoff culturing device is put into the cultivation matrix Weight control at 5-15Kg, covers liftoff culturing device about 1/2;
(7) sugarcane transplantation of seedlings: after the growing seedlings 40 days of step (2) with the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings in the ready liftoff culturing device of step (3), dig seedling during transplanting and removed unnecessary soil, 4 relatively more strong and more uniform single buds of culturing device plantation that each is liftoff, execute a little 5% sugarcane after the plantation and come the stem particle and irritate sufficient normal root water, be that the automatic control drip irrigation system of available step (4) is carried out automatic dripping irrigation next day;
(8) soil dressing is also in conjunction with fertilising: carried out topdressing for 1-2 time in every month after the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings, each liftoff culturing device topdresses at every turn and executes urea 5-10g, and composite fertilizer 15-25g covers with a little soil after each fertilising;
(9) big ridging and combination fertilising: in sugarcane transplantation of seedlings 2-3 month, each liftoff culturing device is executed the about 500g of cow dung and sugarcane comes stem 2-3g, and covers with soil;
(10) divest unnecessary sugarcane blade: 3 months front and back of sugarcane transplantation of seedlings, the blade that the sugarcane the lower portion of the stem is aging divests;
(11) remove the unnecessary stem of tillering: the sugarcane transplantation of seedlings was carried out cutting off the unnecessary stem of tillering for 1 time after 2 months in every 30-40 days, and each is liftoff, and culturing device keeps stem 3-5 bar, and stem is evenly distributed in the liftoff culturing device;
In above step, step (5) can and step (1), (2), (3) or (4) carry out simultaneously; Step (1) and (2), step (5) and (6) are in no particular order.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103931409A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-23 | 广西思源农业发展有限公司 | Method preventing lodging of sugarcanes |
| CN105075590A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-25 | 黄旭胜 | Method for cultivating sugarcane seedlings by means of sugarcane bud nodes |
| CN106342671A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for cultivating healthy sugarcane plants |
| CN106900303A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-30 | 吴萍 | A kind of implantation methods of middle part sugarcane |
| CN108849445A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-23 | 刘静 | The condition culture system and method for a kind of resveratrol in peanut sprout |
| CN109042155A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 六枝特区舰航种养殖场 | A kind of implantation methods for preventing quinoa from lodging |
| CN109618696A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102792884B (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-08-21 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Indoor sugarcane hybridization pollination method |
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2009
- 2009-12-31 CN CN2009102145305A patent/CN101731086B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103931409A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-23 | 广西思源农业发展有限公司 | Method preventing lodging of sugarcanes |
| CN105075590A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-25 | 黄旭胜 | Method for cultivating sugarcane seedlings by means of sugarcane bud nodes |
| CN106342671A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for cultivating healthy sugarcane plants |
| CN106900303A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-30 | 吴萍 | A kind of implantation methods of middle part sugarcane |
| CN108849445A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-23 | 刘静 | The condition culture system and method for a kind of resveratrol in peanut sprout |
| CN109042155A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 六枝特区舰航种养殖场 | A kind of implantation methods for preventing quinoa from lodging |
| CN109618696A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of method that fast breeding is transplanted in 3 repetitions of sugarcane health seedling original seedling |
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