CN110199788A - A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood Download PDFInfo
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- CN110199788A CN110199788A CN201910510980.2A CN201910510980A CN110199788A CN 110199788 A CN110199788 A CN 110199788A CN 201910510980 A CN201910510980 A CN 201910510980A CN 110199788 A CN110199788 A CN 110199788A
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- sweet wormwood
- field planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood, comprising the following steps: (1) seedbed management；(2) it is planted strong sprout；(3) it is colonized site preparation；(4) seedling is selected in field planting；(5) field planting transplanting；(6) it fills the gaps with seedlings weeding；(7) field top dressing；(8) field drainage.Using the sweet wormwood implantation methods of the present invention, sweet wormwood emergence is fast, neat, uniform, and slow seedling is fast after transplanting, and field management water-saving saves fertile saving of labor, and disease pest and weed is few, realizes the high yield of sweet wormwood；It is time saving and energy saving to harvest, and is conducive to improve the yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of herbal medicine planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of sweet wormwood implantation methods.
Background technique
Sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) is composite family artemisia, annual or more year raw herbaceous plant, bitter, pungent, property
It is cold, have clearing heat and detoxicating, remove lice, the effect of preventing malaria, generates heat for summer-heat evil, fever due to yin deficiency, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, the treatment such as malaria fever and chills,
It is one of Chinese medicine tradition anti-malaria medicaments.Wherein, the principle active component of sweet wormwood is qinghaosu, and the past mainly picks wild sweet wormwood
Hyoscine.
Based on the higher medical value of sweet wormwood, market is huge for the demand of qinghaosu, at present using field planting
Sweet wormwood, yield have reached 200~230 kilograms of per mu yield, but due to lacking reasonable field management method, fertilising is unreasonable,
Cause artemislnin content mostly 0.06~0.1%, medical value is lower, is unable to satisfy the need in growing qinghaosu market
It asks.
104541879 A of CN discloses a kind of planting technology of sweet wormwood, comprising the following steps: Seeds preprocess, selection of land are whole
Ground, nursery, transplanting, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.This method seed is by pre-processing trouble, and dosage is not easy to control, no
It is suitble to the peasant household of huge numbers of families to use；
108370875 A of CN discloses a kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood, comprising the following steps: one, nursery；Two, it transplants；Three, field
Between manage；Four, collecting method and collecting time.This method is not planted, seedling stage runt seedling easy to form, is restored slow, is survived
Rate is low, slow growth, low output；
107980492 A of CN discloses a kind of sweet wormwood cultural method, comprising: sweet wormwood nursery, field management and is adopted at site preparation transplanting
Four-stage is received, wherein, according to the habit that sweet wormwood is grown, carrying out top dressing in three times in field management, sweet wormwood slag being respectively adopted
Organic fertilizer, efficient compound fertilizer and high potassium compound fertilizer carry out top dressing.Fertilizer needed for this method mainly applies by way of with base manure,
It causes seedling percent after field planting low, is easy to be injured by fertilizer, and fertilizer supplies when sweet wormwood Later growth largely needs fertilizer
It is insufficient；Although the also spraying fertilizer having, every time impose fertilizer is all different, increase the complexity of operation；And sweet wormwood is being colonized
After apply urea, be easy to cause sweet wormwood early ageing, plant base portion easily falls leaf, seriously affects yield.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome drawbacks described above of the existing technology, provide a kind of seedling shifting
High survival rate after cultivation, slow seedling is fast, straight uniform, and field management water-saving saves fertile saving of labor, and disease pest and weed is few, the high sweet wormwood plantation of yield
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows: a kind of sweet wormwood implantation methods, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) seedbed management: adjusting seedbed according to weather condition and moisten degree, meets high temperature, dry weather answers timely moisturizing, holding
Seedbed is wet；After emergence, meets heavy rain and taken shelter from rain with agricultural film arched shed, rain takes off film after stopping in time；
(2) be colonized site preparation: select rainy season will not ponding plot plantation, remove weeds, plant residue, field planting before plot is removed by spraying
Careless agent weed eradication；
(3) seedling is selected in field planting: height of seedling >=15 centimeter are colonized；The strong sprout that stem is sturdy, internode is short, appearance growing way is good is selected, is first poured
Clear water moistens seedbed, and seedling root attachment soil sledge is played lifting；
(4) field planting transplanting: before selection light rain or after heavy rain or the cloudy day, balled transplanting, and pour root water；
(5) fill the gaps with seedlings weeding: after field planting, if discovery dead seedling, sick seedling, are pulled out in time, selection cloudy day or small rainy day fill the gaps with seedlings, root after field planting
Weeding is carried out according to weed growth situation；
(6) it field top dressing: after being colonized, filling the gaps with seedlings, chases after and spreads nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer；
(7) field drainage: heavy rain day will drain in time, avoid ponding in ground；
(8) it harvests.
Further, it in step (1), after emergence, when seedling grows into 3~4 leaves, poured every 4-6 days (preferably 5 days) and applies one
Secondary 0.3% compound rich water.
Further, in step (1), the compound rich water is potassium sulfate compound fertilizer water.The quality hundred of the compound rich water
Point concentration be 20.2-0.4%(preferably 0.3%).
Further, in step (4), Transplanting Density are as follows: (preferably 60 centimetres, 75-85 centimetres of line-spacing is (excellent for 55-65 centimetres of spacing in the rows
Select 80 centimetres).
Further, it in step (6), chases after and spreads nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer and carry out in three times: first time topdressing: field planting 15-25 days
(preferably 18-22 days, more preferable 20 days) spread fertilizer over the fields nitrogen, phosphorus, thousand grams/acre (preferably 5,000 of K composite fertilizer 4-6 after heavy rain or before light rain
Gram/acre)；Second of top dressing is colonized 35-45 days (preferably 38-42 days, more preferable 40 days), spreads fertilizer over the fields after heavy rain or before light rain compound
(preferably thousand grams/acre of 14-16, more preferable 15,000 grams/acre) 12-18 kilograms fertile；Third time top dressing: 65-75 days (preferably 68- of field planting
72 days, more preferable 70 days), thousand grams/acre of compound fertilizer 15-25 (preferably thousand grams/acre of 18-22 is spread fertilizer over the fields after heavy rain or before light rain；More preferably
20000 grams/acre).
Further, in step (6), the nitrogen, phosphorus, in K composite fertilizer, N: P: K=15: 15: 15.
Further, in step (8), in late August to early September, growth period >=100 day after sweet wormwood field planting, sweet wormwood plant
Envelope row rear lower blade has when turning yellow phenomenon, and harvesting, recovery site is sweet wormwood blade；Continuous fair weather is selected, morning dew is dry
Before, whole strain sweet wormwood is cut down from the near-earth of root, booth shines 2~3 days in the ground, then higher position Ma Dui in the ground, pile
Growth bar shaped, outwardly, upper leaf portion inwardly, is staggeredly put in root and stem of certain plants portion；The good upper back of pile is covered with agricultural film takes shelter from rain；Stack 15~20
It, gradually dissipates heap and lays blade, remove thick branch stalk when weather is fine, sweep it is in heaps after, trample or roll repeatedly, make blade at powder
End, then withe stalk impurity is screened out with sieve.
The invention has the advantages that: high survival rates after under cultivation mode of the present invention, sweet wormwood can transplant, and slow seedling is fast, wormwood artemisia
Seedling straight uniform；Field management water-saving saves fertile saving of labor, and disease pest and weed is few, and sweet wormwood per mu yield can achieve 340 kilograms；Collecting method
It is time saving and energy saving, be conducive to improve the yield and quality；The content of qinghaosu may be up to 1.5% in sweet wormwood grass, plant compared with conventional method green
The content of 15% or more wormwood artemisia output increased, qinghaosu improves 20% or more.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Chemical reagent used in the embodiment of the present invention is obtained by routine business approach unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1
The implantation methods (Winter idle land) of the sweet wormwood of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) seedbed management: every 1 mu of crop field sweet wormwood of plantation is with needing 5 square metres of seedbeds；Seedbed, which is adjusted, according to weather condition moistens journey
Degree, chance high temperature, dry weather answer timely moisturizing, keep seedbed wet；After emergence, meets heavy rain and taken shelter from rain with agricultural film arched shed, after rain stops
Film is taken off in time；It meets hot weather and waters or cover in time sunshade net；Timely weeding is shown in that grass removes；
(2) be colonized site preparation: select rainy season will not ponding plot plantation, remove weeds, plant residue；
(3) seedling is selected in field planting: selecting that stem is sturdy, internode is short, appearance growing way is good, high >=15 centimetres of strong sprout is colonized, and is first poured suitable
It measures clear water and moistens seedbed, lifting is played into seedling root and attachment soil sledge；
(4) field planting transplanting: selection light rain before, after heavy rain or cloudy day transplanting, with 80 × 80 centimeters of density criterion balled transplantings, and pour
Appropriate root water；Meeting continuous sunny will be watered in right amount again；
(5) fill the gaps with seedlings weeding: 7 days after field planting, if discovery dead seedling, sick seedling are pulled out in time, selection cloudy day or small rainy day fill the gaps with seedlings, and guarantee base
Several 1200 plants/acre of this seedling；Weeding is carried out according to weed growth situation after field planting；
(6) field top dressing: by sweet wormwood planting site Zhui Sa compound fertilizer (N: P: K=15: 15: 15) per acre；First time topdressing: field planting 20
It, spreads fertilizer over the fields 5,000 grams/acre of compound fertilizer after heavy rain or before light rain；Second of top dressing: field planting 40 days is spread fertilizer over the fields multiple after heavy rain or before light rain
15,000 grams/acre of Hefei；Third time top dressing: 20,000 grams/acre of compound fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in field planting 70 days after heavy rain or before light rain；
(7) field drainage: heavy rain day will drain in time, avoid ponding in ground.
(8) harvest: in late August, after sweet wormwood field planting after 100 days growth periods, sweet wormwood plant envelope row rear lower blade, which has, to be turned
It is harvested when yellow phenomenon, recovery site is sweet wormwood blade；Weather forecast is paid close attention to, is used before selecting continuous fair weather, morning dew dry
Chopper cuts down whole strain sweet wormwood from the near-earth of root, and booth is shone 2 days in the ground, and then higher position Ma Dui, pile are grown up in the ground
Bar shaped, root and stem of certain plants portion outwardly, upper leaf portion inwardly, staggeredly put, the good upper back of pile is covered with agricultural film takes shelter from rain.It stacks 15 days, weather is fine
Good, scattered heap lays blade (being easy to hit down by code heap rear blade), removes thick branch stalk, sweep it is in heaps after stepped on repeatedly on heap with foot
Stepping on makes blade at powder, then screens out the impurity such as withe stalk with the sieve for shining rape.
The present embodiment sweet wormwood per mu yield reaches 340 kilograms, and the content of qinghaosu reaches 1.5% in sweet wormwood grass, compared with conventional method
Sweet wormwood output increased 15% is planted, content improves 20%.
Embodiment 2
The planting technology of the sweet wormwood of the present embodiment (after mating rape harvesting), comprising the following steps:
(1) seedbed management: every 1 mu of crop field sweet wormwood of plantation is with needing 5 square metres of seedbeds；Seedbed, which is adjusted, according to weather condition moistens journey
Degree, chance high temperature, dry weather answer timely moisturizing, keep seedbed wet；After emergence, meets heavy rain and taken shelter from rain with agricultural film arched shed, after rain stops
Film is taken off in time；It meets hot weather and waters or cover in time sunshade net；Timely weeding is shown in that grass removes；；
(2) it is colonized site preparation: removing weeds, plant residue, no longer real tillage after to rape harvesting；
(3) seedling is selected in field planting: selecting that stem is sturdy, internode is short, appearance growing way is good, high >=15 centimetres of strong sprout is colonized, and is first poured suitable
It measures clear water and moistens seedbed, lifting is played into seedling root and attachment soil sledge；
(4) field planting transplanting: with 60 × 80 centimeters of density criterion balled transplantings, and appropriate root water is poured；Meeting continuous sunny will be again
It is watered in right amount；
(5) fill the gaps with seedlings weeding: 7 days after field planting, if discovery dead seedling, sick seedling are pulled out and are filled the gaps with seedlings in time, guarantee 1300 plants of basic seedling amount/
Mu；Weeding is carried out according to weed growth situation after field planting；
(6) compound fertilizer for spreading (N: P: K=15: 15: 15) field top dressing: is chased after by sweet wormwood planting site per acre；First time topdressing: field planting
10 days, 10 pounds/acre of compound fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields after heavy rain or before light rain；Second of top dressing: field planting 30 days is spread fertilizer over the fields multiple after heavy rain or before light rain
30 pounds/acre of Hefei；Third time top dressing: 40 pounds/acre of compound fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in field planting 60 days after heavy rain or before light rain；
(7) field drainage: heavy rain day will drain in time, avoid ponding in ground.
(8) harvest: in early September, after sweet wormwood field planting after 100 days growth periods, sweet wormwood plant envelope row rear lower blade, which has, to be turned
It is harvested when yellow phenomenon, recovery site is sweet wormwood blade；Weather forecast is paid close attention to, is used before selecting continuous fair weather, morning dew dry
Chopper cuts down whole strain sweet wormwood from the near-earth of root, and booth is shone 4 days in the ground, and then higher position Ma Dui, pile are grown up in the ground
Bar shaped, root and stem of certain plants portion outwardly, upper leaf portion inwardly, staggeredly put, the good upper back of pile is covered with agricultural film takes shelter from rain；It stacks 15 days, weather is fine
Gradually dissipate heap when good and lay blade, remove thick branch stalk, sweep it is in heaps after trampled repeatedly on heap with foot and make blade at powder, then with sieving
Son screens out withe stalk impurity.
The present embodiment sweet wormwood per mu yield reaches 345 kilograms, and the content of qinghaosu reaches 1.5% in sweet wormwood grass, compared with conventional method
Sweet wormwood output increased 20% is planted, content improves 10%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seedbed management: adjusting seedbed according to weather condition and moisten degree, meets high temperature, dry weather answers timely moisturizing, holding
Seedbed is wet；After emergence, meets heavy rain and taken shelter from rain with agricultural film arched shed, rain takes off film after stopping in time；
(2) be colonized site preparation: select rainy season will not ponding plot plantation, remove weeds, plant residue, field planting before plot is removed by spraying
Careless agent weed eradication；
(3) seedling is selected in field planting: being colonized when height of seedling >=10 centimeter；The strong sprout that stem is sturdy, internode is short, appearance growing way is good is selected, first
It pours clear water and moistens seedbed, seedling root attachment soil sledge is played into lifting；
(4) field planting transplanting: before selection light rain or after heavy rain or the cloudy day, balled transplanting, and pour root water；
(5) fill the gaps with seedlings weeding: after field planting, if discovery dead seedling, sick seedling, are pulled out in time, selection cloudy day or small rainy day fill the gaps with seedlings, root after field planting
Weeding is carried out according to weed growth situation；
(6) it field top dressing: after being colonized, filling the gaps with seedlings, chases after and spreads nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer；
(7) field drainage: heavy rain day will drain in time, avoid ponding in ground；
(8) it harvests.
2. the implantation methods of sweet wormwood according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), height of seedling >=15 centimeter are directly fixed
It plants.
3. the implantation methods of sweet wormwood according to claim 1 or claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (5), the weeding is first being planted
Weed sprays agent between strain, then artificial hoe except by plant it is spraying less than weeds；Select calm weather weed sprays agent, sprayer spray
Head reuses after being blocked with a small plastic tub.
4. the implantation methods of according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 sweet wormwoods, which is characterized in that described multiple in step (1) and (2)
Hefei water is potassium sulfate compound fertilizer water.
5. the implantation methods of sweet wormwood described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium described in step (6)
Compound fertilizer (N: P: K=15: 15: 15) chases after in three times by 40 kilograms per acre and spreads；First time topdressing: field planting 20 days, after heavy rain or light rain
Before spread fertilizer over the fields 5,000 grams/acre of compound fertilizer；Second of top dressing: 15,000 grams/acre of compound fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in field planting 40 days after heavy rain or before light rain；The
Top dressing three times: 20,000 grams/acre of compound fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in field planting 70 days after heavy rain or before light rain.
6. the implantation methods of sweet wormwood described according to claim 1~one of 5, which is characterized in that step (8) harvesting is under August
Ten days to early September, growth period >=100 day after sweet wormwood field planting, sweet wormwood plant envelope row rear lower blade have harvesting when turning yellow phenomenon, adopt
Receipts position is sweet wormwood blade；Whole strain sweet wormwood is cut from the near-earth of root with chopper before selecting continuous fair weather, morning dew dry
, booth shines 2~3 days in the ground, then higher position Ma Dui in the ground, and pile is grown up bar shaped, root and stem of certain plants portion outwardly, upper leaf portion inwardly,
It staggeredly puts, the good upper back of pile is covered with agricultural film takes shelter from rain；It stacks 15~20 days, heap is gradually dissipated when weather is fine and lays blade,
Remove thick branch stalk, sweep it is in heaps after trampled repeatedly on heap with foot and make blade at powder, then screen out withe stalk impurity with sieve.
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| CN201910510980.2A CN110199788A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
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| CN201910510980.2A CN110199788A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
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| CN201910510980.2A Pending CN110199788A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541879A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆昶信农业有限公司 | Planting technology of artemisia apiacea |
| CN107980492A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 | A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method |
| CN108370875A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-08-07 | 衡南县丰盈农林种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
-
2019
- 2019-06-13 CN CN201910510980.2A patent/CN110199788A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541879A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆昶信农业有限公司 | Planting technology of artemisia apiacea |
| CN108370875A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2018-08-07 | 衡南县丰盈农林种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet wormwood |
| CN107980492A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-04 | 广西仙草堂制药有限责任公司 | A kind of sweet wormwood cultural method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 陈士林等: "《中药材无公害栽培生产技术规范》", 31 December 2018 * |
| 陈蔚文: "《岭南本草（三）》", 31 July 2016 * |
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