CN101747103A - Dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101747103A CN101747103A CN200810229869A CN200810229869A CN101747103A CN 101747103 A CN101747103 A CN 101747103A CN 200810229869 A CN200810229869 A CN 200810229869A CN 200810229869 A CN200810229869 A CN 200810229869A CN 101747103 A CN101747103 A CN 101747103A
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Abstract
The invention relates to nanguo pear cultivation, in particular to a dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and a preparation and an application method thereof.The fertilizer is composed of urine-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, medium elements and trace elements; in the preparation method, the urea-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer with a grain size of 1.5-4.5mm serve as solid raw materials; then the medium elements are added to humic acid or humic acid salt accounting for 60-100% of the mass percent of the medium elements to be mixed; afterwards, trace elements are added and mixed with the mixture, cementing agent is used for pelleting and producing solid raw materials with a grain size of 1.5-4.5mm for standby use; finally, the medium elements and trace elements mixed for pelleting are uniformly mixed with the urine-based nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.The dedicated fertilizer is applied to the nanguo pear trees as spring base fertilizer at one time and no after manuring is not needed.The nitrogenous fertilizer use level in the fertilizer of the invention and different number of nanguo pear fruit indexes with proportion fully following nanguo pear of different tree ages form five-level supply speed of fertilizer nitrogen, thus remarkably controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Nanguo Pear cultivation, specifically a kind of dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and preparation and application process.
Background technology
Nanguo Pear is one of Chinese distinctive pears kind, and Nanguo Pear belongs to the Ussurian pear system, originates in Anshan, Liaoning, belongs to the natural hybridization offspring of growing directly from seeds.This kind is bright-coloured with its fruit colour, pulp is soft, sour and sweet palatability, thick-flavor, give off a strong fragrance and be celebrated, enjoy great prestige at home and abroad, more and more be subjected to the favor of world market.Nanguo Pear is the local characteristic kind in Liaoning Province, and all there is commerial growing in each pears producing region in Liaoning Province, and also there is certain cultivation scale in Jilin, Heilungkiang, and is the sustainable development impetus.The main common fertilizer that adopts in Nanguo Pear cultivation process does not have dedicated fertilizer at present.The common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, the nutrient proportioning is unreasonable, and nutrient supply is science not, and is more unbalanced, and particularly nitrogenous fertilizer contradiction is more outstanding.The overall utilization ratio of fertilizer nitrogen has only 30～35% at present, loss such as the leaching loss of nitrogen, volatilization, rainwash is more, the economic benefit that fertilizer applies is lower, cause the huge waste of resource and the increase of agriculture production cost, produce the pollution in underground water and soil face source simultaneously, cause the eutrophication of greenhouse gases effect and water body, make the deterioration of the ecological environment.Fertilizer use in a large number and low utilization ratio descends the fruit quality.Concerning Nanguo Pear production cultivation, the common fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is short, nutrient in the fertilizer, particularly nitrogen nutrient discharges and can not satisfy the demand of Nanguo Pear tree growth to nitrogenous fertilizer, the release of its nutrient and Nanguo Pear tree are inconsistent to nutrient demand, because the concentrated release of nutrient or the release ratio of nutrient are inharmonious, cause utilization rate of fertilizer low, the growth of Nanguo Pear tree is produced the nutrient stress effect, do not needing to discharge a large amount of nutrients under a large amount of nutrient situations, and when needing nutrient in a large number, there are not enough nutrient supplies, therefore the growth of Nanguo Pear tree is produced the nutrient stress effect, thereby have a strong impact on the Nanguo Pear quality, cause orchard environment to pollute.Along with people increase the attention degree of food safety, the demand of green agricultural product is constantly increased, the importance of green Nanguo Pear special fertilizer for cultivating material development that therefore meets the green food requirement is particularly outstanding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear and the preparation and application process that can effectively improve Nanguo Pear output and fruit quality.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
1 dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear, mainly by N, P, K forms, fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer, in the urea pure nitrogen level, account for the common urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for the peptide urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for 30-60 days slow-release carbamides of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for and 50-80 days of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25% add DCD and NBPT coated carbamide, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas or the 80-90 days resin coated fertilizer urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5-25% and account for 120-180 days resin coated ureas or 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25%; Phosphate fertilizer is the 50-75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 85-100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is to account for the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 5-10%; The trace element for account for urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer in pure nitrogen level with the iron that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 1-3%, the copper of 0.5-2%, the manganese of 0.5-1%, the zinc of 0.1-1%, the boron of 0.5-1%, the molybdenum of 0.1-0.5%.
Described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.Described potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar.Calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.Described when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
The preparation method of dedicated fertilizer: at first selecting particle diameter is that urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5-4.5mm is standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60-100 or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with binding agent; At last middle amount after the above-mentioned granulation and trace element are promptly got nanguo pear production dedicated fertilizer with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing.
Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
The application process of dedicated fertilizer: with 1 strain output is the Cheng Shuwei example of 25-50kg, with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer is 200-400g, other raw material is by the dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of this benchmark preparation, do in spring that base manure is disposable to apply, in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising, trench digging degree of depth 20-25cm, width 15-20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100-150cm opens 4-8 bar ditch, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. nitrogen fertilizer amount described in the fertilizer of the present invention and ratio are fully according to the nanguo pear index of different age of tree different quantitiess that Nanguo Pear is produced, individual plant Nanguo Pear tree is set the ratio that different release periods are urinated basic nitrogenous fertilizer in different growing stages to the nutrient uptake feature of nitrogen, form the Pyatyi feed speed of fertilizer nitrogen, and the release feature of used slow-release carbamide or peptide urea nitrogen can discharge the nutrient of the coated carbamide part composition of different release periods in advance or lag behind tangible supplementary function, significantly controlled the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, with integer mu is the square measure statistical value, nitrogen utilization efficiency can be brought up to 30-40 percentage point, significantly improve Nanguo Pear output and improve the nanguo pear quality, compare with common fertilizer, nanguo pear output can increase 10-20%.
2. monoammonium phosphate, the diammonium phosphate in the used phosphate fertilizer raw material among the present invention when the plain nutrition of phosphorus is provided, can be the Nanguo Pear early growth and grows and replenish the essential nitrogen nutrition of a part, makes Nanguo Pear nitrogen in the early stage growth course attain full and complete satisfaction; Used potash fertilizer raw material sulphuric acid potassium is grown in the necessary potassium element satisfying Nanguo Pear, and the sulfur coated urea fertilizer that provides the necessary element sulphur of growing to adopt simultaneously for Nanguo Pear provides essential element sulphur for the Nanguo Pear growth; And the nitrogen manure that the present invention sets Nanguo Pear different release periods required in the process of growth mixes with phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other essential nutritive element fertilizer by mechanical workout makes Nanguo Pear tree dedicated fertilizer, make its nutrient release profiles and Nanguo Pear tree need fertile curve to match, thereby reaching fertilizer nutrient discharges with the absorption of Nanguo Pear tree synchronous, make the release of fertilizer nutrient can not coerce effect, reach Nanguo Pear high-yield culture fine effect Nanguo Pear tree growth generation.
3. fertilizer formula comprehensive nutrition of the present invention, the ratio science has realized the required nutrient balance supply of Nanguo Pear tree bulk-growth fully, for significantly improving of nanguo pear quality provides the nutrition assurance, has significantly reduced the environmental pollution because of using fertilizer to cause simultaneously.
4. production cost of the present invention is low, and cost significantly descends for the full nutritious fertilizer of fruit tree, product only on the basis of common fertilizer every mu increase 50-80 yuan.
5. fertiliser production equipment of the present invention is simple, less investment, and the preparation method is easy to operate, and application process is identical with common fertilizer.
6. adopt fertilizer of the present invention can promote of the absorption of Nanguo Pear tree to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-element nutrition element, promote the growth of root system, healthy and strong tree body, strengthen resistance, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, particularly the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer alleviates the pollution of fertilising to ecotope, realizes that Yi Ji Shi can satisfy the Nanguo Pear need fertilizer of tree whole growth phase.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, and wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: the common urea (granular urea) (Shanxi orchid board granular urea) that accounts for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for the peptide urea (aspartic acid urea) of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for 30-60 days slow-release carbamides of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for and 50-80 days of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75% add DCD and NBPT resin coated urea (it is to prepare described in the CN101200399 according to publication number), account for the 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas (available from Shanghai Chinese maple) of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% and account for the 120-180 days resin coated ureas (available from big) of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75% in Nintaus;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 50% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, double superhosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 5% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 1% Fe, 0.5% Cu, 0.5% Mn, 0.1% Zn, 0.5% B, 0.1% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60 and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; Middle amount and trace element with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids.
Purity nitrogen 200g based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (with the 8-20 Nanguo Pear age of tree, every strain expectation index output 25-50kg is (with the age of tree weak point Shaoshi that yields poorly, the long output Gao Duoshi of the age of tree is a principle) (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body, use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: with 1 strain output is that the sapling of 25kg is an example, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring, in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, according to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising, trench digging degree of depth 20cm, width 15cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100cm opens 4 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Described spring, sowing amount was that the purity nitrogen meter 200g of the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer is the basis, urea pure nitrogen level meter wherein, calculate phosphorus in the special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the consumption of amount and trace element.Autumn fertilising common urea N:50g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 2:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 25% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days resin coated fertilizer urea of urea pure nitrogen level 25% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 25%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, calcium superphosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element, in simple substance, to account for the Mg of pure nitrogen level 10% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, wherein magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, accounting for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 3% Fe, 1% Cu, 1% Mn, 2% Zn, 1% B, 0.5% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 2mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element quality 100% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 2mm with binding agent, stand-by; Middle amount and trace element with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.
Purity nitrogen 400g based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body, use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 20 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain for the 50kg/ strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, according to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method, trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 150cm opens 8 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:80g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content successively calculate and to apply the common fertilizing method of quantity and get final product.
Embodiment 3:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 20% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 20% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 20%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 60% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 90% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Trace element, in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 2% Fe, 1% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.75% Zn, 0.8% B, 0.3% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 4.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 70% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 4.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; Middle amount and trace element with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid.
Purity nitrogen 300g based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter its (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body, use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 15 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain for the 40kg/ strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, according to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method, trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 150cm opens 6 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:70g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 4:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 22% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 22% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 22%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 55% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, monoammonium phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 95% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element is the calcium that accounts for pure nitrogen level 12% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, is selected from the magnesium of calcium sulfate and 8%, is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 1.5% Fe, 1.5% Cu, 0.6% Mn, 0.8% Zn, 0.6% B, 0.2% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 3.5mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 90% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 3.5mm with binding agent, stand-by; Middle amount and trace element with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, nitro-humic acid ammonium.
Purity nitrogen 250g based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter its (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body, use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 10 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain for the 30kg/ strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, according to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method, trench digging degree of depth 20cm, width 18cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100cm opens 4 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:60g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Embodiment 5:
Fertilizer is made up of urine basic nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element, wherein urinates basic nitrogenous fertilizer in the urea pure nitrogen level: account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% common urea (granular urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% peptide urea (aspartic acid urea), account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5% 30-60 days slow-release carbamides, account for urea pure nitrogen level 19% 50-80 days interpolations DCD and NBPT resin coated ureas, account for 80-90 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 15% and account for 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 19%;
The phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter is for urinating 75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, diammonium phosphate; The potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2O meter, for urinating 100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer is selected vitriolate of tartar for use.Moderate-element is the calcium that accounts for pure nitrogen level 15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, is selected from the magnesium of calcium sulfate and 8%, is selected from sal epsom; Trace element, in simple substance, to account for pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, 2% Fe, 2% Cu, 1% Mn, 1% Zn, 0.9% B, 0.5% Mo, wherein iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate.
The preparation method: at first select particle diameter to be urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 3mm, standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humate that accounts for moderate-element quality 80% and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 3mm with binding agent, stand-by; Middle amount and trace element with granulation after the above-mentioned mixing gets final product with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing at last, promptly gets nanguo pear and produces dedicated fertilizer.Described humate can be yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium.
Purity nitrogen 350g based on the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine in dedicated fertilizer, wherein urea pure nitrogen level meter is (to use 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body, use many strains Nanguo Pear tree the rest may be inferred and calculate preparation and use quantity) calculate phosphorus in the above-mentioned special-purpose fertilizer, potassium and various in the proportioning quantity of amount and trace element, according to above-mentioned preparation process, make the fertilizer that can be applied to 1 strain Nanguo Pear tree body.
Application process: be used for 18 ages tree yield target and use the fertilizer amount of an above-mentioned strain for the 25kg/ strain, nanguo pear is produced dedicated fertilizer disposable the applying of base manure in spring (at the beginning of 4 months), in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, according to production index, behind fruit harvesting, carry out the bulk application in autumn, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method, trench digging degree of depth 25cm, width 20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 150cm opens 8 ditches, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.Autumn fertilising common urea N:80g, organic content 30-60%, N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is N 0.5-1%, P
2O
50.5-1%, K
2The fertilizer 40-50kg of O 0.6-0.9%, other nutrient content fertilizer nutrient content calculating successively apply quantity, and common fertilizing method gets final product.
Claims (8)
1. dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear, mainly by N, P, K forms, it is characterized in that: fertilizer is by the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, moderate-element and trace element are formed, wherein urinate basic nitrogenous fertilizer, in the urea pure nitrogen level, account for the common urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for the peptide urea of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for 30-60 days slow-release carbamides of urea pure nitrogen level 12.5%, account for the interpolation DCD and the NBPT coated carbamide of the 50-80 days release periods of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25%, account for urea pure nitrogen level 12.5-25% 80-90 days release periods sulfur-coated urea or 80-90 days release period resin coated fertilizer urea and account for 120-180 days release period resin coated ureas or 120-180 days sulfur-coated ureas of urea pure nitrogen level 18.75-25%; Phosphate fertilizer is the 50-75% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Potash fertilizer is the 85-100% of pure nitrogen level in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine; Moderate-element is to account for the calcium of pure nitrogen level 10-15% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine and the magnesium of 5-10%; Trace element is the iron that accounts for pure nitrogen level 1-3% in the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, the copper of 0.5-2%, the manganese of 0.5-1%, the zinc of 0.1-1%, the boron of 0.5-1%, the molybdenum of 0.1-0.5%.
2. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described phosphate fertilizer consumption is with P
2O
5Meter can be in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate and the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate one or more.
3. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described potash fertilizer consumption is with K
2The O meter can be vitriolate of tartar.
4. by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: calcium is selected from calcium sulfate in the described moderate-element, magnesium is selected from sal epsom; Iron is selected from ferric sulfate, copper and is selected from copper sulfate, manganese and is selected from manganous sulfate, zinc and is selected from that zinc sulfate, boron are selected from borax, molybdenum is selected from ammonium molybdate in the trace element.
5. by claim 2 or 4 described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear, it is characterized in that: described when phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate or fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add calcium, i.e. calcium sulfate in the moderate-element; When phosphate fertilizer is fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, no longer add magnesium, i.e. sal epsom in the moderate-element.
6. preparation method by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1 is characterized in that: at first selecting particle diameter is that urine base nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer solid material of 1.5-4.5mm is standby; Secondly moderate-element is joined in the humic acids that accounts for moderate-element mass percent 60-100 or the humate and mix, add trace element again and mix, carry out granulation, make the solid material that particle diameter is 1.5-4.5mm with binding agent; At last middle amount after the above-mentioned granulation and trace element are promptly got nanguo pear production dedicated fertilizer with the basic nitrogenous fertilizer of urine, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer uniform mixing.
7. by the preparation method of the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids, calcium humate, zinc humic acid, humic acids iron, the humic acids molybdenum, yellow humic acid, fulvic acid potassium, fulvic acid sodium, yellow humic acid zinc, ammonium humate, nitro humic acid, one or more in the nitro-humic acid ammonium.
8. application process by the described dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of claim 1, it is characterized in that: be the Cheng Shuwei example of 25-50kg with 1 strain output, with the urea pure nitrogen level of above-mentioned urine base nitrogenous fertilizer is 200-400g, other raw material by the dedicated fertilizer for producing green nanguo pear of this benchmark preparation disposable the applying of base manure in spring, in Nanguo Pear tree process of growth, no longer topdress, adopt radial trunk zygomorphy fertilizing method during fertilising, trench digging degree of depth 20-25cm, width 15-20cm, apart from trunk 10cm, trench digging length 100-150cm opens 4-8 bar ditch, fertilizer evenly is sprinkled into the bottom of trench earthing adopts real getting final product.
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